JPS6375365A - Hydraulic turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at compactification, by forming a hollow drum solidly and sealdedly in a rotational central part of a runner, and having a generator built in this hollow drum. CONSTITUTION:A runner 12 is supported free of rotation around a vertical axis L at a central part inside a flowing water conveying casing 11, forming a cylindrical hollow drum making both ends an upper cover 17 and a lower cover 20 respectively. A runner vane 26 is attached to an interval between tips of support members 24 and 25, and a generator part 27 is installed in this hollow drum 23. Therefore, a generator and a speed-increasing gear will not be projected to the outside, thus a turbine becomes simplified and compacted as a whole.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a Grius-type or Savonius-type water turbine for small hydroelectric power generation that utilizes water flow.

(Conventional Technology) As part of the development of alternative energy to replace oil, whose demand and supply is unstable, hydropower, which is a naturally circulating clean energy, is being reconsidered, and so-called small hydropower generation of several thousand kilowatts or less is being developed. Among them, Grius type water turbines installed in rapid rivers, waterways, or the ocean generally have the configuration shown in Figure 5.

That is, in FIG. 5, the overall configuration of the conventional Grius type water turbine 1 includes a running water introduction casing 2 which is open at both ends and is placed horizontally in the water in the direction of flow F, and a casing 2 that is perpendicular to the inside of the casing 2. a runner 3 rotatably supported around an axis and having a plurality of runner vanes 3a circumferentially in the shape of an airfoil in cross section on the outer periphery; a pedestal 4 erected on the upper surface of the casing 2; It consists of a speed increaser 5 and power generators Ja and 6 installed on a machine head 4a of a frame 4, and the main shaft 3b of the runner 3 is led out above the casing 2 and connected to the speed increaser a5 via a shaft joint 7 as appropriate.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the water turbine 1 described above, the pedestal 4, speed increaser 5, and generator 6 are largely exposed above the water. bad. Also, depending on the location where they are installed, their exposure may itself spoil the surrounding landscape.

Furthermore, since the speed increaser 5/generator 6 and the underwater runner 3 are quite far apart, the main shaft 3a becomes a long axis, and centering and adjustment of these is complicated, lengthening the construction period and increasing equipment costs.

Moreover, it has problems such as being difficult to relocate due to its overall large size.

(Means for Solving Problems) The water turbine according to the present invention focuses on the space around the main shaft of the launch, and forms this main shaft part into a sealed hollow drum. It is characterized by having a built-in. Therefore, the structure is extremely compact as nothing other than the cable for power extraction is exposed above the water.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on FIGS. 1 to 3. For convenience of explanation, the left and right in Figures 1 and 2 are
They are called "front" and "back" or "upstream" and "downstream," and the left and right in FIG. 3 are called "left" and "right."

The Grius type water turbine 10 employed as a water turbine is installed, for example, in a rapid waterway C, and has the following configuration. That is, 11
is a running water introduction casing with a rectangular cross section installed horizontally in the direction of the flow F (front-back direction) and submerged in water at the bottom C of the waterway C. The front and rear ends are opened, and the front end opening 11a on the upstream side is gradually opened. It is formed into an expanded shape. Reference numeral 12 denotes a launch that is rotatably supported around a vertical axis in the central part of the casing 11, and has upper and lower short shafts 13 and 14 aligned with the vertical axis on the upper and lower plates 11b and llc of the casing 11. The upper short shaft 13 has a shaft sealing material 15 and a bearing 16 disposed vertically to form a disc-shaped upper lid 17, and the lower short shaft 14 has a bearing 18 and a shaft sealing material 19. Disc-shaped lower lids are arranged one above the other and are attached in a sealed and rotatable manner, respectively, and O-rings 21a and 21b are interposed between the outer circumferential surfaces of the upper and lower opposing protruding boss portions 17a and 20a of the upper and lower lids 17 and 20, respectively, in a sealed manner. tubular mantle 22
is wound to form a cylindrical hollow drum 23 having an upper end 117 and a lower end M20 as both end surfaces. A plurality of (for example, four) supporting members 24 and 25 are provided on the outer circumferential surfaces of the upper and lower lids 20 and vertically aligned and projecting at equal radial intervals, and the tips of the supporting members 24 and 25 correspond to the upper and lower sides, respectively. A runner vane 26 having an airfoil cross section is vertically mounted between the two.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a power generating section which is attached between the short shaft extensions 13a and 14a which extend the upper and lower short shafts 13 and 14 into the hollow drum 23 without contacting the inner surface of the mantle 22, and has the following configuration. That is, the power generation section 27 consists of a generator 28 and a speed increaser 29 arranged at the upper and lower sides, of which the generator 28 connects the upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft 30a of the rotor 30 to the upper and lower ends of the generator casing. Bearings 3 are attached to the end members 28a and 28b.
The rotor shaft 30a is rotatably supported via 1a and 31b.
The extension portions 28a, 28 of the upper and lower end face members 28a, 28b are aligned with the vertical axis.
b1 is fixed to the short axis extensions 13a and 14a.

The speed increaser 29 also includes an inner circular recess 20a of the boss portion 20a, an internal gear 32 formed over the entire inner peripheral surface, and an upper end portion extending vertically eccentrically laterally from the vertical axis. and an intermediate shaft 35 whose intermediate portion is supported by the lower end face member 28b and the extension portion 28b via bearings 33 and 34, respectively.
, a first pinion 36 formed on a downwardly extending portion of the intermediate shaft 35 and constantly meshed with the internal gear 32;
an intermediate gear 37 fixed to the upper part of the rotor shaft 3;
A second pinion 38 is formed at the lower leading end of the rotor 0a and is always meshed with the intermediate gear 37, and constitutes a transmission means between the hollow drum 23 and the rotor shaft 30a.

39 is a power transmission cable whose one end is connected to the stator 40 of the generator 28;
a. Formed along the vertical axis vAL in each opening (not labeled) of the upper short axis extension part 13a, the upper short shaft 13, and the bracket 41 screwed in a sealed manner to the upper end of the upper short shaft 13. The upper plate 11 of the casing 11 passes through the through holes 13a and 41a.
It is derived from above to the external water surface from b.

The pressure water introduced from the opening 11a collides with each runner vane 26, and this water power is transferred to the runner vane 2.
The blade shape of 6 generates a lift force in the circumferential direction on the runner vane 26, whereby the entire runner 12 including the hollow drum 23 is rotated around the vertical axis, and this rotational power is increased by the speed increaser 29. and is transmitted to the rotor shaft 30a.

Then, due to the high speed rotation of the rotor shaft 30a, the generator 28
Electric power is generated at the generator 28 , and the electric power from the generator 28 is extracted to the outside via a cable 39 .

Although the water turbine 10 was installed in the waterway C in the above-mentioned embodiment, it may be installed in a rapidly flowing river, ocean, or stream.

It may be installed in Kagawa, etc. Further, the speed increaser 29 is not necessarily necessary, and when the speed increaser 29 is not provided, the rotor shaft 30
Connect the leading end of a to the lower boss part 20 through a suitable bracket.
a or the mantle 22. In addition, 10 water wheels
This can be applied not only to Grius type water turbines but also to Savonius type water turbines 100 as shown in FIG. That is, in Figure 4,
Upper and lower disks 124 (not shown) and 125 are used in place of the supports 24 and 25, and the starting end extends from the outer periphery of the hollow drum 123 when viewed from above vertically and radially between the upper and lower disks 124 and 125. A plurality of runner vanes 126 whose terminal ends face the outer peripheral edges of the upper and lower disks 124 and 125 are attached.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the water turbine of the present invention has a hollow drum integrally and sealed in the center of rotation of the runner, and a generator is built in the hollow drum, thereby achieving the following effects. It has many remarkable effects.

(No. 11 heavy electric machinery or speed increaser does not protrude outside, so the entire navy is simple and compact. Also, there is no need to install the generator etc. on a pedestal separate from the runner, and there is no need for shaft couplings, so centering adjustment is easy. This eliminates the need for this, significantly shortening the construction period and reducing equipment costs.

(2) The water turbine can be installed simply by submerging it in water and installing it on the bottom of the water; there is no need to attach a frame or the like to the casing, and it is easy to install as well as relocate.

(3) The water turbine is installed submerged in water, except for cables.
9.Since it is not exposed above the water, there is no need to worry about damaging the surrounding scenery.Also, since the pedestal etc. are not exposed above the water, it is not affected by strong winds, etc.As it does not have a long main shaft like conventional ones,
Extremely stable operation is guaranteed.

(4) Even if the generator and speed increaser generate heat during operation, the outer surface of the hollow drum is constantly exposed to a stream of water and is forced to cool down. There is no need to provide special cooling means as in the case of
It is extremely compact, and the life of the lubricating oil is extremely long, making it possible to be maintenance-free for a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 show embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a Grius type water turbine installed in a waterway, and Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows ■ to ■ in Figure 1. Figure 3 is the first
Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrows ■ to ■ in the figure, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 2 showing another embodiment adopted as a Savonius type water turbine. FIG. 5 is an overall side sectional view of a conventional Grius type water turbine. In the figure, 10 is a Grius type water turbine, 11 is a casing, and 12
is a runner, 23 is a hollow drum, 26 is a runner vane, 2
7 is a power generation section, 28 is a generator, 29 is a speed increaser, and 39 is a cable.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A casing for introducing flowing water that is open at both ends and placed horizontally in the water in the direction of flow, a runner that is rotatably mounted around a vertical axis within the casing, and a casing that is integrally and sealed at the center of rotation of the runner. 1. A water turbine characterized by comprising a hollow drum formed in a hollow drum, and a generator built into the hollow drum.