JPS6373952A - Power transmission for artificial organ - Google Patents
Power transmission for artificial organInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6373952A JPS6373952A JP22054986A JP22054986A JPS6373952A JP S6373952 A JPS6373952 A JP S6373952A JP 22054986 A JP22054986 A JP 22054986A JP 22054986 A JP22054986 A JP 22054986A JP S6373952 A JPS6373952 A JP S6373952A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power transmission
- artificial organ
- heat insulating
- skin
- coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000560 biocompatible material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000075 skin burn Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000037368 penetrate the skin Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010027627 Miliaria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、体内に埋め込められた人工臓器に動力を伝達
するために用いられる装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device used to transmit power to an artificial organ implanted within the body.
体内に埋め込まれる人工心臓などの人工臓器は、例えば
血液ポンプ等を駆動するために動力エネルギーを必要と
するが、動力エネルギーの伝達は一般に経皮的に行なわ
れる。従来は、かかる伝達手段として、加圧空気を供給
するチューブや電力を供給するコードを直接皮膚に貫通
させていた。Artificial organs such as artificial hearts that are implanted in the body require power energy to drive, for example, blood pumps, and the power energy is generally transmitted transcutaneously. Conventionally, as such a transmission means, a tube for supplying pressurized air or a cord for supplying electric power has been directly penetrated into the skin.
また、チューブやコードを皮膚に貫通させない動力伝達
手段として、体外に有芯一次コイルを設置し、皮下に有
芯二次コイルを埋め込み、一次コイルと二次コイルの電
磁誘導を利用する方法が提案されている（「人工臓器」
１５巻２号１．１９８６年、６９２−６９４頁）。In addition, as a power transmission method that does not allow tubes or cords to penetrate the skin, a method has been proposed in which a cored primary coil is installed outside the body, a cored secondary coil is implanted under the skin, and electromagnetic induction between the primary and secondary coils is used. (“artificial organs”)
15, No. 2, 1.1986, pp. 692-694).
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点９
体外から皮膚を貫通したチューブやコードを用いて体内
の人工臓器へ動力を供給する従来の装置は、応々にして
、チーーブや皮膚貫通部分から細菌やウィルス等による
感染を起す危険性があった。[Problem to be solved by the invention 9] Conventional devices that supply power to artificial organs inside the body using tubes or cords that penetrate the skin from outside the body have the tendency to release bacteria and viruses from the tube or the skin-penetrating part. There was a risk of infection due to etc.
電磁誘導を利用した装置は、上記従来の装置の様な細菌
やウィルス等による感染の危険性は少ないものの、一次
側コイルで熱が発生して、その熱が皮膚へ伝達され、皮
膚火傷を起こす危険性があった。例えば、直径４７ｍｍ
、厚さ５ ｍｍのリング状フェライトコアに同心円状に
０．８ ｍｍのホルマル線を４０回巻いた一次側コイル
は、周波数１０ｋＨｚ〜３００ｋＨｚ、電源電圧４０Ｖ
で課電した場合、４７°Ｃまでの温度上昇が認められた
。Devices that use electromagnetic induction have less risk of infection from bacteria and viruses than the conventional devices mentioned above, but they do generate heat in the primary coil, which is transmitted to the skin and can cause skin burns. There was a risk. For example, diameter 47mm
The primary coil has a 0.8 mm formal wire wound 40 times concentrically around a 5 mm thick ring-shaped ferrite core, and has a frequency of 10 kHz to 300 kHz and a power supply voltage of 40 V.
When electricity was applied at
電磁誘導を利用した装置においては、電磁誘導の効率を
上げるために、周波数、電源電流、コイル、負荷等をす
べて適化する必要があるが、温度上昇からの制約により
、コイルの設計上、また電源などの使用条件を選択する
上で、制限を受けていた。In devices that use electromagnetic induction, it is necessary to optimize the frequency, power supply current, coil, load, etc. in order to increase the efficiency of electromagnetic induction, but due to constraints from temperature rise, there are There were restrictions on selecting usage conditions such as power supply.
〔問題点を解決するための手段及び作用〕本発明は、細
菌等の感染がなく、しかも一次コイルの発熱による皮膚
火傷の危険が少ない人工臓器用動力伝達装置を提供する
ものであって、その要旨とするところは、体内に埋め込
まれ導線を介して人工臓器または蓄電器に接続されるべ
き渦状二次コイルと、該二次コイルに同心に対峙する渦
状一次コイルからなる人工臓器用動力伝達装置にふ・い
て、前記二次コイルが生体適合性材料により被覆され、
前記一次コイルの二次コイルに対峙する側に断熱板を設
けたことを特徴とする人工臓器用動力伝達装置にある。[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention provides a power transmission device for an artificial organ that is free from bacterial infection and has less risk of skin burns due to heat generated by the primary coil. The gist is that the power transmission device for artificial organs consists of a spiral secondary coil that is implanted in the body and connected to an artificial organ or a power storage device via a conductive wire, and a spiral primary coil that faces the secondary coil concentrically. and the secondary coil is coated with a biocompatible material;
The power transmission device for an artificial organ is characterized in that a heat insulating plate is provided on the side of the primary coil facing the secondary coil.
本発明の人工臓器用動力伝達装置を図面に従い説明する
。The power transmission device for an artificial organ of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
第１図は、本発明の装置を体に装着した状態を示す縦断
面図で、第２図は第１図の正面図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the device of the present invention worn on the body, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1.
第１図において、人体１の内部に埋め込められた人工臓
器２は、導線４によって、皮膚３の下に埋設された二次
コイル５に接続でれる。In FIG. 1, an artificial organ 2 implanted inside a human body 1 is connected by a conductive wire 4 to a secondary coil 5 buried under the skin 3. In FIG.
二次コイル５は、絶縁被覆導体を多数回捲回して、その
周囲を生体組織と適合性の高い材料（生体適合性材料）
９によって被覆されたものである。The secondary coil 5 is made by winding an insulated conductor many times and surrounding it with a material that is highly compatible with living tissue (biocompatible material).
9.
生体適合性材料として、ポリウレタンゴムまたは樹脂、
ブチルゴム、フッ素系ゴムまた樹脂、シリコーンなどが
用いられる。As a biocompatible material, polyurethane rubber or resin,
Butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, resin, silicone, etc. are used.
二次コイル５と共軸に配置される一次コイル６は、体外
交流電源８から交流電流が供給される。The primary coil 6 arranged coaxially with the secondary coil 5 is supplied with alternating current from an extracorporeal alternating current power source 8 .
一次コイル６の二次コイル５と対峙する側には断熱板７
が設けられている。A heat insulating plate 7 is provided on the side of the primary coil 6 facing the secondary coil 5.
is provided.
断熱板として、例えば発泡スチロールなどの多孔性材料
や不織布などを用いることができる。As the heat insulating board, for example, a porous material such as expanded polystyrene, a nonwoven fabric, or the like can be used.
本発明においては更に、断熱板として断熱材層９と断熱
材層の皮膚に接触する側に設けた通気層１０からなるも
のを用いると以下の点て好ましい。In the present invention, it is further preferable to use a heat insulating board consisting of a heat insulating layer 9 and a ventilation layer 10 provided on the side of the heat insulating material that contacts the skin for the following reasons.
すなわち、発泡スチロールなど独立気泡を含む材料から
なる断熱材は、一次コイルから発生する熱を皮膚側へ伝
達するのを防ぐ、一方１、皮膚からの熱の伝達をも防ぐ
。しかし通気層を設けると、その部分における皮膚から
の熱放散や発汗を防げないようにすることができる。That is, a heat insulating material made of a material containing closed cells, such as Styrofoam, prevents heat generated from the primary coil from being transferred to the skin, while also preventing heat transfer from the skin. However, by providing a breathable layer, it is possible to prevent heat dissipation from the skin and sweating in that area.
従って、いわゆる「むれ」を防止でき、あせもなどの皮
膚炎を予防することができ・、長期間の使用にも不快を
感じることはない。通気層としてガーゼなどの繊維質材
を用いれば、汗を吸収することができ、繊維の間隙を通
して熱の放散ができる。Therefore, so-called "stuffiness" can be prevented, dermatitis such as heat rash can be prevented, and there is no discomfort even when used for a long period of time. If a fibrous material such as gauze is used as the ventilation layer, sweat can be absorbed and heat can be dissipated through the gaps between the fibers.
また、断熱材層と脱着が可能であれば、通気層の交換に
よって通気層を常に清潔に保つことができる。脱着は、
一部に粘着剤を設けたり、ホックを用いることにより可
能である。Furthermore, if the heat insulating material layer is removable, the ventilation layer can be kept clean at all times by replacing it. For attachment and detachment,
This can be done by applying an adhesive to a part or using a hook.
皮膚を介して互に同軸に対峙する一次コイルと二次コイ
ルは、一次コイルに交流電流が供給されると、電磁的に
結合され、体外電源８の電気エネルギーが一次コイル６
から二次コイル５に伝達され、それから人工臓器または
人工臓器に接続される蓄電器に所望の電気エネルギーが
供給される。The primary coil and the secondary coil, which face each other coaxially through the skin, are electromagnetically coupled when an alternating current is supplied to the primary coil, and the electric energy of the external power source 8 is transferred to the primary coil 6.
from there to the secondary coil 5, which then supplies the desired electrical energy to the artificial organ or a capacitor connected to the artificial organ.
上記溝造の本発明の人工臓器用動力伝達装置は、一次コ
イルの発生熱の皮膚への伝達を防ぐことができるから、
皮膚火傷の危険性が殆どなく、従って、一次コイルの温
度上昇に対する大きな制約がなくなり、コイルを設計す
る（コイル寸法、コイル導体の巻数など）上で、また、
交流電流（周波数、電流、電圧）を供給する上で、温度
上昇からの規制がなくなる。The power transmission device for artificial organs of the present invention by Mizozo can prevent the heat generated by the primary coil from being transmitted to the skin;
There is almost no risk of skin burns, and therefore there are no major constraints on the temperature rise of the primary coil, making it easier to design the coil (coil dimensions, number of turns of the coil conductor, etc.) and
There are no restrictions on temperature rise when supplying alternating current (frequency, current, voltage).
使用した二次コイルは、リンツ線を１２回巻き、その上
に生体適合性ウレタンを被覆した外径７０ｍｍ、内径４
０ｍｍのコイルで、人工臓器として負荷ｌＯΩのモータ
ーと導体を介して接続されている。The secondary coil used was a Lindt wire wound 12 times and coated with biocompatible urethane, with an outer diameter of 70 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm.
It is a 0mm coil and is connected to a motor with a load of 10Ω as an artificial organ via a conductor.
上記二次コイルは１２Ωの負荷に１２Ｖ１即ち１２Ｗが
供給されるように最適設計されたものである。The secondary coil is optimally designed to supply 12V1, or 12W, to a 12Ω load.
一次コイルは、電源のインピーダンス５０Ωに整合する
ように１２０巻のコイルと、そのコイルの皮膚と接する
側即ち二次コイルに対峙する側に設けた厚さ３ ｍｍの
発泡スチロールの断熱板からなる。The primary coil consisted of a 120-turn coil to match the impedance of the power supply of 50Ω, and a 3 mm thick Styrofoam heat insulating plate provided on the side of the coil in contact with the skin, that is, on the side facing the secondary coil.
一次コイルに供給する電流は、周波数が生体インピーダ
ンスの周波数特性、電波障害などを考慮して、約１００
ｋＨｚである。The frequency of the current supplied to the primary coil is approximately 100%, taking into consideration the frequency characteristics of bioimpedance, radio wave interference, etc.
It is kHz.
以上の一次コイルと二次コイルは、形状とコイル間の相
対関係から自己及び相互インダクタンスを計算し更に生
体組織の誘電率及び誘電正接を考慮して電力伝送効率を
評価し、また、コイル近傍の電磁界について計算機シュ
ミレーションした上で、熱損失等を算出して得られた、
最適設計にテ基づいたものである。For the above primary coil and secondary coil, self and mutual inductances are calculated from the relative relationship between the coils and the shape, and the power transmission efficiency is evaluated by considering the permittivity and dielectric loss tangent of the living tissue. It was obtained by calculating heat loss, etc. after performing a computer simulation of the electromagnetic field.
It is based on optimal design.
以上、一次コイルの温度上昇を最適設計を行う場合の制
約条件しなくてもよい。As described above, the temperature rise of the primary coil does not have to be a constraint when performing optimal design.
上記電流を供給したときの一次コイルの温度上昇は約４
５℃であったが、断熱板の皮膚と接する面は室温（２５
℃）と殆ど同じであった。The temperature rise in the primary coil when the above current is supplied is approximately 4
The temperature was 5℃, but the surface of the insulation plate in contact with the skin was at room temperature (25℃).
℃) was almost the same.
断熱板として３印厚の発泡スチロールの断熱材層と４枚
重ねのカーゼの通気層とからなるものを使用しても、通
気層の温度は室温と同じであった。Even when a heat insulating board consisting of a 3-mark thick Styrofoam heat insulating layer and a 4-ply case ventilation layer was used, the temperature of the vent layer remained the same as room temperature.
本発明の人工臓器用動力伝達装置によれば、一次コイル
と二次コイルとの電磁誘導によって電気エネルギーが体
外から体内へ伝達されるので、二次コイルを皮膚下に埋
め込み、皮膚を完全に封じた状態で使用できる。従って
従来の様に電線やチューブを皮膚に貫通する必要がない
ので、細菌、ウィルス等による感染症を起こすことがな
い。また、一次コイルには断熱板が設けられているから
、一次コイルから発生する熱の皮膚への伝達を防ぐこと
ができるので皮膚火傷を生ずる恐れがない。According to the power transmission device for artificial organs of the present invention, electrical energy is transmitted from outside the body into the body by electromagnetic induction between the primary coil and the secondary coil, so the secondary coil is embedded under the skin and the skin is completely sealed. It can be used in the same condition. Therefore, there is no need to penetrate the skin with electric wires or tubes as in the conventional case, so there is no possibility of infection caused by bacteria, viruses, etc. Further, since the primary coil is provided with a heat insulating plate, it is possible to prevent heat generated from the primary coil from being transmitted to the skin, so there is no risk of skin burns.
更に、断熱板が断熱材層と通気層からなっている場合は
、コイルからの熱の伝達は防止される力ζ皮膚からの体
温による熱と汗の外への放散は防げられないので、一次
コイルの皮膚への装着も、長期間使用しても体温の蓄熱
や汗などによって不快にならず、あせも等の皮膚炎を起
こすことがない。Furthermore, if the heat insulating board consists of a heat insulating material layer and a ventilation layer, the transfer of heat from the coil will be prevented, but the dissipation of heat and sweat from body temperature from the skin to the outside will not be prevented. Even when the coil is attached to the skin for a long period of time, it does not become uncomfortable due to body heat accumulation or sweat, and does not cause dermatitis such as heat rash.
第１図は、本発明の人工臓器用動力伝達装置を人体に装
着した状態を示す断面図、第２図は第１図の正面図であ
る。
１・・・人体、２・・・人工臓器、３・・・皮膚、４・
・・導線、５・・・二次コイル、６・・・一次コイル、
７・・・断熱板、８・・・電源、９・・・生体適合性ウ
レタン、１０・・・断熱材層、］ｌ・・・通気層。
第２図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state in which the power transmission device for an artificial organ of the present invention is attached to a human body, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1. 1...Human body, 2...Artificial organ, 3...Skin, 4...
...Conductor wire, 5...Secondary coil, 6...Primary coil,
7... Heat insulating board, 8... Power source, 9... Biocompatible urethane, 10... Heat insulating material layer, ] l... Ventilation layer. Figure 2
Claims (4)
蓄電器に接続されるべき渦状二次コイルと、該二次コイ
ルに同心に対峙する渦状一次コイルからなる人工臓器用
動力伝達装置において、前記二次コイルが生体適合性材
料により被覆され、前記一次コイルの二次コイルに対峙
する側に断熱板を設けたことを特徴とする人工臓器用動
力伝達装置。(1) A power transmission device for an artificial organ comprising a spiral secondary coil that is implanted in the body and is to be connected to an artificial organ or a power storage device via a conductive wire, and a spiral primary coil that faces the secondary coil concentrically. A power transmission device for an artificial organ, characterized in that a secondary coil is covered with a biocompatible material, and a heat insulating plate is provided on a side of the primary coil facing the secondary coil.
に設けた通気層からなる特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載
の人工臓器用動力伝達装置。(2) The power transmission device for an artificial organ according to claim (1), wherein the heat insulating plate comprises a heat insulating layer and a ventilation layer provided on the skin contact side of the heat insulating layer.
（２）項記載の人工臓器用動力伝達装置。(3) The power transmission device for an artificial organ according to claim (2), wherein the ventilation layer is made of a fibrous material.
能である特許請求の範囲第（２）項または第（３）項記
載の人工臓器用動力伝達装置。(4) The power transmission device for an artificial organ according to claim (2) or (3), wherein the ventilation layer is removable at the contact surface with the heat insulating layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22054986A JPS6373952A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Power transmission for artificial organ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22054986A JPS6373952A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Power transmission for artificial organ |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6373952A true JPS6373952A (en) | 1988-04-04 |
Family
ID=16752730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22054986A Pending JPS6373952A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Power transmission for artificial organ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6373952A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006006947A (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-01-12 | Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc | Primary coil for transdermal energy transmission accompanied by ferrite core of high aspect ratio |
-
1986
- 1986-09-18 JP JP22054986A patent/JPS6373952A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006006947A (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-01-12 | Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc | Primary coil for transdermal energy transmission accompanied by ferrite core of high aspect ratio |
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