JPS6367593B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for processing fiber structures of cellulose fibers and polyester fibers. Conventionally, one of the fiber structures made of two different types of fibers is partially applied with acid or alkali and then heat treated, and removed by the resulting carbonization, melting, and embrittlement to obtain an openwork pattern. So-called skipping processing is known. For example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 56-91088, mixed woven fabrics such as silk and human silk, acetate and human silk, nylon and human silk, etc. are carbonized with acid to create a transparent pattern. Specifically, the method of making woven fabrics is to print tragacanth rubber paste containing sulfuric acid or alumina sulfate, etc. on these woven fabrics, dry it at room temperature, and then heat-treat it at high temperature to easily cause the carbonization reaction. There is also a method to obtain a transparent pattern by removing the vegetable fibers in the printed area by massaging and washing the fabric, and a method for printing a glue agent containing an alkali salt of phenols on a knitted fabric containing polyester fibers. It is known that the polyester fibers are printed and subjected to high heat treatment to make only the printed portion of the polyester fibers brittle, and then mechanically kneaded or, if the other fibers have high alkali resistance, dissolved and removed using a hot alkaline solution. The fibers to which the alkaline dissolution method can be applied include rayon, cotton,
These are nylon, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic, polypropylene, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers. All of the conventional openwork pattern formation methods described above are limited to only the formation method, and do not take into account the dyeability of the fiber structure. In other words, when dyeing a fiber structure made of two types of fibers with different properties, it is usually necessary to use dyes suitable for each of the two types of fibers, which requires considerable difficulty in developing the color, and even more difficult for printing. It is even more so. The present invention is a fiber processing method for forming an openwork pattern and imparting dyeability to a fiber structure made of these two types of fibers with different properties, and in particular, for forming an openwork pattern and imparting dyeability to a fiber structure made of cellulose fibers and polyester fibers. It is also a fiber processing method that imparts dyeability. That is, after a fiber structure consisting of cellulose fibers and polyester fibers is partially chemically modified with an acid chloride to make it dyeable with disperse dyes, cellulose is treated with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, alumina sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate, or alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acid. This is a fiber processing method characterized by applying a fiber removing agent to the entire surface, removing unmodified cellulose fibers to form a transparent pattern, and then dyeing with a disperse dye. That is, when cellulose fibers are partially chemically modified to make them dyeable with disperse dyes as in the present invention, the chemically modified portions have excellent acid resistance, and the subsequent 40 to 75
% extremely stable against heat treatment with sulfuric acid,
As a result, the removal of cellulose fibers in the unmodified portion becomes even clearer, and an extremely contrasting watermark pattern is formed. Specifically, an alkaline agent is applied in advance to a fiber structure consisting of cellulose fibers and polyester fibers,
Subsequently, after partially applying acid chloride, the cellulose fibers in the fiber structure are partially chemically modified to be dyeable with disperse dyes by dry heat or steam treatment, and then the cellulose fibers are uniformly extracted. A fiber processing method in which a transparent pattern is formed by adding a food agent and removing unreacted cellulose fibers through heat treatment, and then dyeing with a disperse dye to obtain a uniformly dyed product with a transparent pattern. It's a method. That is, the present invention is a fiber processing method characterized by forming a transparent pattern on a fiber structure made of cellulose fibers and polyester fibers and at the same time uniformly dyeing the fiber structure with a single disperse dye. The alkaline agent used in the present invention is, for example,
Hydroxides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as lithium, sodium potassium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, barium, and strontium. The acid chloride used in the present invention also means aliphatic acid chloride such as acetyl chloride, but preferably aromatic carboxylic acid chloride such as benzoyl chloride having the following structure () or the following structure ()
is an aromatic sulfonic acid chloride such as P-toluenesulfonyl chloride.

【formula】

[Formula] (R ₁ and R ₂ mean hydrogen, chlorine, a nitro group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms; R ₃ and R ₄ mean hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms.) In the present invention, the acid chloride can be partially applied to the fiber structure composed of cellulose fibers and polyester fibers by dissolving the acid chloride in an appropriate solvent and gravure coating or spray coating. Alternatively, rotary screen coating, flat screen coating, etc. can be made by making an emulsion in water using water and a surfactant, and adjusting the viscosity with a thickener. Thickeners that can be used in this case include sodium alginate and CMC, which are generally used as printing pastes, and inorganic substances with excellent thixotropy such as bentonite. The cellulose fibers and polyester fibers obtained by the above method are immersed in a 40% to 75% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, or sulfuric acid, alumina sulfate, or sulfuric acid. By printing with a printing paste containing sodium hydrogen and then heat-treating, only the unmodified cellulose fibers are extracted, resulting in the formation of a clear transparent pattern, while all other fibers are dispersed. Since it has extremely excellent dyeing properties with respect to dyes, it is possible to obtain dyed products with extremely uniform density during subsequent dyeing. A more detailed explanation will be given below with reference to Examples. Example 1 (1) Mercerized polyester/cotton =
A 65/35 blended broadcloth was immersed in a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and then squeezed using a squeezing roll to achieve a squeezing rate of 90%. Next, a rotary screen plate consisting of the pattern shown in Fig. 1 with a number of lines of 40 lines/inch, a nickel plate thickness of 150μ, and a porosity of 50% is applied to this alkali-imparted cloth using an emulsion in water with the following formula (a). Then, printing was performed on the non-image area a, followed by heating at 100° C. for 90 seconds in a pin tenter oven, followed by soaping and water washing steps to obtain a pattern-modified cloth. (a) Prescription P-Toluenesulfonyl chloride 60 parts by weight Toluene 140 〃 Water 145 〃 Nitsusan Nonion NS-206 Nitsusan Nonion NS-210 Nitsusan Nonion NS-230 5 each (The above three types are non-ionic products made by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Surfactant) Sodium alginate 2 Bentonite 5 (2) Next, the pattern-modified fabric obtained in (1) was immersed in a 60% sulfuric acid aqueous solution for 30 seconds, dried at room temperature, and then heated at 100°C for 60 seconds. When heat treated, then washed with water while mechanically kneading, and dried, a clear transparent pattern was formed in the unmodified area, that is, the image area b shown in FIG. (3) The cloth obtained in (2) was heated at 130°C at a bath ratio of 1/30 in an autoclave using the dye bath with the following recipe.
After dyeing for 20 minutes, a uniform and dense dyed fabric was obtained. Sumikalon Blue E-FBL (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
30g Water 1 Example 2 (1) Polyester/rayon = 50/50 (mixed yarn)
A mixed woven fabric consisting of the following was immersed in a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and then squeezed with a squeezing roll so that the interlacing rate was 90%. Next, a rotary screen plate consisting of the pattern shown in Figure 1 with a number of lines of 40 lines/inch, a nickel plate thickness of 150μ, and a porosity of 50% was applied to this alkali-imparted cloth using an emulsion in water with the following (b) formulation. Print on part a, which is the drawing area, and after air drying, put it in a steamer.
Steaming was performed at 100°C for 60 seconds, followed by a soaping and washing process to obtain a pattern-modified fabric. (b) Prescription P-xylene-2-sulfonyl chloride
60 parts by weight Trichloroethane 140 Water 145 Nitsusan Nonion NS-206 Nitsusan Nonion NS-210 5 each (The above two types are nonionic surfactants made by NOF Corporation) Sodium alginate 2 Bentonite 5 (2) Next A printing paste consisting of the following formulation was applied to the entire surface of the pattern-modified fabric obtained in (1) using a silk screen, and after drying, it was heat-treated at 130°C for 4 minutes. <Printing glue> Anhydrous aluminum sulfate 180 parts by weight British gum 500 Glycerin 80 Original glue (British gum/water = 100g/1)
240 〃 After that, it was washed with water while being mechanically rubbed and dried, and a clear transparent pattern was formed in the unmodified area, that is, the image area b shown in FIG. (3) The cloth obtained in (2) was layered with a transfer paper obtained by gravure printing with ink having the composition below, and heated and heated at a temperature of 195℃ and a pressure of 300g/cm for ² hours and 40 seconds. When transfer printing was performed by pressing, a dyed cloth with extremely uniform density was obtained. <Ink> Sumikalon Red E-FBL bulk powder (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 10 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose (manufactured by Hercules Co., Ltd.)
9 〃 Surfactant 1 〃 Isopropyl alcohol 40 〃 Ethyl alcohol 40 〃 Example 3 (1) Mercerized polyester/cotton =
A 65/35 blended broadcloth was immersed in a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and then squeezed using a squeezing roll to achieve a squeezing rate of 90%. Next, add 50% benzoyl chloride to this alkali imparting cloth.
% toluene solution using a spray gun, air-dried at room temperature, and then soaped, washed with water, and dried to obtain a modified fabric. (2) The partially modified fabric obtained in (1) was immersed in a 60% sulfuric acid aqueous solution for 30 seconds, dried at room temperature, and then
C. for 60 seconds, then washed with water while mechanically kneading, and dried, a clear watermark pattern was formed in the unmodified areas other than the partially modified areas. (3) The cloth obtained in (2) was dyed in an autoclave at a bath ratio of 1/30 at 130° C. for 20 minutes using a dye bath with the following recipe, and a uniform and dense dyed cloth was obtained. Sumikalon Blue E-FBL (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
30g water 1

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a transparent pattern of fibers. a... Non-printing area, b... Printing area.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 After chemically modifying the cellulose fiber part in a fiber composition consisting of cellulose fiber and polyester fiber to be partially dyeable with disperse dye using acid chloride, a cellulose fiber eliminating agent is applied to the entire surface, and then heat treatment is performed. A method for processing a fibrous structure containing cellulose fibers, characterized in that unmodified cellulose fibers that have not been modified with the acid chloride are removed.