JPS6361596B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an automatic grain drying device, which automatically rotates grain from a tempering tank through a dryer to an empty tempering tank until it is finished drying. It provides grain drying equipment.

Conventional technology In conventional grain drying, the operator measures the moisture content of the grain, finds an empty tank for rotation, sets it, and then adjusts the drying conditions, such as the air temperature of the dryer, according to the moisture content of the grain. It was set based on the experience. In particular, it was difficult to determine the air blowing temperature to avoid overdrying when the grain reached a moisture level near the finish level.

Furthermore, a grain drying device has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-44351, in which a dryer and a plurality of tanks are connected through a transfer means, and the dryer and each tank are circulated a required number of times for drying. This device starts measuring moisture when the preset number of moisture measurement starts is reached at the start of drying, and the staff can adjust the number of stops by looking at the moisture measurement record, and even when the tank is empty, the staff monitors the moisture measuring device. It was not a fully automatic device.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention addresses the above problems and automatically sets an empty tank for rotation.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic grain drying device capable of automatically measuring moisture with an automatic moisture meter and automatically setting drying conditions of a dryer.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the automatic grain drying device of the present invention is a drying device that rotates grain from a tempering tank through a dryer to an empty tempering tank for drying. A setting device that sets the variety, weight, moisture content, and time of grain tensioning in each tempering tank; a storage device that stores the settings in the setting device; and a control device that controls the rotation of the grain, and the control device uses data from the storage device and the automatic moisture meter to determine whether the tempering time has elapsed but the finishing is not finished. Read out the tempering tank for grains that have not become hydrated and the empty tempering tank, and pass the finished grain that has not become hydrated from the tempering tank to the dryer to automatically dry the grain, and the grain to be discharged from the dryer. is charged into the empty tempering tank, and the storage device stores the variety, weight, updated moisture content, and new timing of grain pitched into the empty tempering tank. .

Operation: Grain is put into the tempering tank, and the setting device is used to set the variety, weight, moisture content, tensioning time, etc., these items are stored in the memory device, and the grain is passed from the tempering tank to the dryer and into the empty tempering tank. Rotate and dry. Next, check whether the tempering time is sufficient or not based on the data from the control device and automatic moisture meter.
Determine whether or not the grain has reached finishing moisture, and if there is a tempering tank containing grain that has not reached finishing moisture even though the tempering tank time has elapsed, it will be read out, and the grain in that tank will be further dried. At the same time, the moisture content is measured using an automatic moisture meter along the way, and based on the results, the air temperature is determined and adjusted for drying. If both the tempering time and finished moisture content are satisfied, the grain is sent to the next process, information regarding the grain newly introduced into the tempering tank is updated and stored in the storage device, and drying is automatically repeated.

Embodiment FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the automatic grain drying apparatus of the present invention, where L ₁ is a pre-process (pre-drying process, etc.)
BC ₂ is a tensioning elevator for feeding the grain inputted from the dryer 1 and the grain dried in the dryer ₁ into the tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o} again. The belt conveyor BC ₃ transfers to the conveyor BC ₃ , which moves in response to a signal from the control device 4, and moves to empty tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o}
A moving belt conveyor that feeds grain into T ₁ to _{T o}
is a tempering tank, D ₁ to D _o are level detectors that detect the grain level in tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o} , B ₁ B′ ₁ to B _o B′ _o are two-port switching valves, and B ₁ to B _o
The valve on the side is for guiding undried grain to the belt conveyor BC ₁ and loading the grain into the dryer 1 _;
The side valve is for taking out the grain after drying.
BC ₁ is a belt conveyor that conveys the undried grains drawn from the tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o} to be loaded into the dryer 1, and L ₂ is a belt conveyor that receives the undried grains from the belt conveyor BC ₁ and transfers them to the dryer 1. 1 is a tensioning elevator, 3 is an automatic moisture meter that is installed between the belt conveyor BC ₁ and the tensioning elevator L ₂ , and automatically measures the moisture content of the grain passing there; 1 is a dryer; 2 is a hot air generating furnace, and 4 is a control device. FIG. 2 is a relationship diagram of the control device in the automatic drying device. 5 is a storage device, 6 is a manual setting device for setting initial data, 7 is a clock device, 8 is a moving device that directs the moving belt conveyor BC ₃ to the empty tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o} , and d ₁ to d _o are levels Detector D ₁ ~
After D _o detects that the tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o} are empty, there is a delay to continue operating the belt conveyor BC ₁ and the tension elevator L ₂ in order to tension the last grain into the dryer 1. Elements G ₁ to G _o and 9 are gate devices, 10 is a delay element for operating the dryer 1 and hot air generator until the last grain has finished drying;
11 is a tempering tank for grains that have finished drying
This is a delay element for operating the elevator L ₁ , the belt conveyor BC ₂ , and the moving belt conveyor BC ₃ until the input is performed from T ₁ to _{T o} .

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Grain that needs to be dried and has been transported from the previous step is charged into one of the tempering tanks T ₁ to _{T o} by the elevator L ₁ , the belt conveyor BC ₂ , and the moving belt conveyor BC ₃ . At the same time, the grain type, moisture content,
Weight, tempering time and tempering tank
Numbers T ₁ to _{T o} are stored in the storage device 5.
In this way the grain is transferred to the tempering tank _T1 ~
T _o are filled in sequence, but at least one tempering tank T _x is left empty. Next, the control device 4 controls the tempering tank of the storage device 5.
Read the T _y number and check whether the tempering time (2 and a half hours or more) is sufficient and whether the grain has reached finishing moisture based on the grain pitching time stored there and the clock device. to judge.
On the other hand, the empty tempering tank T _x is read from the storage device 5, and the moving conveyor moving device 8 is activated to direct the moving conveyor BC ₃ to the empty tempering tank T _x . If both the tempering time and finishing moisture are satisfied, the B _y ' side of the two-way switching valve is opened to move the grain to the next process. However, if the tempering time is sufficient and the finish moisture has not reached,
A signal is sent from the control device 4 to the gate device Gy (see Figure 2), which opens the two-way switching valve B _y side and operates the belt conveyor BC ₁ and loading elevator L ₂ to load the grain into the dryer 1. It's crowded. On the other hand, the moisture content of the grain is measured with an automatic moisture meter 3 installed in the middle of loading the grain into the dryer 1, and based on the result, the air blowing temperature is determined and the fuel and air amount of the burner of the hot air generating furnace 2 are adjusted. When a certain amount of grain is loaded into the dryer 1, the delay element 10 causes the hot air generating furnace 2, the dryer 1, the elevator _L1 , the belt conveyor _BC2 , and the moving belt conveyor to be moved.
BC ₃ starts operating, dries the grain, and fills the empty tempering tank with the dried grain. When the tempering tank T _y is empty, the level detector D _y outputs an empty detection signal, and this signal is used as a delay element.
dy until all the grains are loaded into the dryer 1, and the two-way switching valve B _y , belt conveyor BC ₁ , and loading elevator L ₂ are stopped. Furthermore, hot air generating furnace 2,
The dryer 1 is operated by a delay element 10 until the last grain has been dried and then stopped. Furthermore, the elevator L ₁ , the belt conveyor BC ₂ , and the moving belt conveyor BC ₃ stop operating due to the delay element 11 until the last grain is put into the tempering tank T _x .

On the other hand, upon receiving the empty detection signal from the level detector D _y , the control device 4 inputs the variety, weight, and updated timing of the tempering tank to the new tempering tank address (number) T _x in the storage device 5. , and the new grain moisture calculated relative to the measured value of the automatic moisture meter 3 and the air blowing temperature of the hot air generating furnace 2. At the same time, the previously written data is erased from the address (number) of the tempering tank T _y from which the previous grain was taken, and the tempering tank is stored as an empty tempering tank.

In the above embodiment, the air blowing temperature of the hot air generating furnace was adjusted according to the moisture content of the grains, but the air blowing temperature may be kept constant and the time during which the grains pass through the dryer may be controlled. In this case, the drying passage time of the grains is shorter than when the blowing temperature is lowered, so the overall processing time is shortened and is effective. It is also possible to adjust the degree of dryness by adjusting the blowing speed of the hot air generating furnace. Furthermore, drying can also be performed by adjusting arbitrary parameters using these factors as parameters.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the dryer used in the present invention, in which the dryer 1 has a supply port 12 at the top and a discharge port 13 and a discharge valve 14 at the bottom. The upper side of the figure is surrounded by ventilation walls 15 and 16, and the front and rear sides are surrounded by a machine wall 17.In the interior space, an exhaust pipe 18 is placed on the upper level, and a hot air pipe 19 is placed on the lower level, so that the grains in the drying room can be transported inside the room. Exhaust pipes 18 and hot air pipes 19 each having a chevron-shaped cross section are arranged vertically and horizontally in multiple stages so as to flow downward in a zigzag pattern, and the end of the hot air pipes 19 on the side of the ventilation wall 15 is open and the end on the side of the ventilation wall 16 is opened. In addition, in the exhaust pipe 18, the end on the ventilation wall 16 side is open and the end on the ventilation wall 5 side is closed, and each wind pipe 18, 19 has its open end closed. ventilation wall 1
The drying chamber is formed by three layers of upper and lower layers, and the ventilation walls 16 of the drying room
A ventilation chamber 21 equipped with an exhaust fan 20 is installed on the outer wall of each farm room, and the ventilation wall 15 has a hot air chamber connected to a hot air generator 2 on the entire surface of the outer wall of the farm room in three layers, upper and lower. 22 are connected to each other, and a partition wall 23 is provided inside the hot air chamber 22 to form a ventilation chamber 24 in contact with the lower partition of the drying chamber, and a partition wall 23 is provided in the partition wall 23 of the ventilation chamber 24. An on-off valve 2 that alternately opens and closes a hot air opening 25 and a cold air opening 26 provided on its bottom wall.
8 is pivotally attached to the boundary portion, and is formed so as to be opened and closed as appropriate by a switch 27.

Then, the raw material paddy is supplied to the drying chamber through the supply port 12, and the opening/closing valve 28 is opened through the switch 27.
, the hot air opening 25 of the ventilation chamber 24 is opened and the cold air opening 26 is closed, and the hot air generator 2, the exhaust fan 20, and the drive section of the device are initially activated to dry the grain layer in the drying chamber. The grains are dried by hot air at a predetermined temperature that flows from the hot air pipe 19 to the exhaust pipe 18, and by the rotation of the discharge device valve 14 at the bottom, it flows down in a zigzag shape inside the machine and flows out from the discharge port 13, and is transferred to the grain tank for the next process. The material is tempered at T ₁ to _{T o} and returned to the drying chamber through the supply port 12, and the process is repeated to perform a so-called circulating tempering and drying action. At this time, raw material paddy at harvest with an average paddy moisture content of 24 to 26% is dried several times at a drying rate of 0.5 to 1.0%/h to obtain dry grain with a drying rate of 14 to 16%. The grain temperature may rise above a predetermined temperature due to intermittent drying with hot air, but in this case, immediately operate the on-off valve 28 of the ventilation chamber 24 connected to the drying room to close the hot air opening 25. , the cold air opening 26 is opened to allow room-temperature cooling air from outside the machine to flow in, and the grain flowing down this field is cooled down to a predetermined grain temperature, and when cooling is not required, the hot air opening is opened. The section 25 is opened to perform hot air drying over the entire wall surface of the drying chamber.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention can automatically perform all of the rotation of the tempering tank, the measurement of grain moisture, and the determination of the blowing temperature of the hot air generating furnace in the dryer. There is no need to stop and correct the number of times you look at the moisture measurement record.
When there is insufficient finishing moisture, further drying is performed, and there is no need to worry about incorrect operation by staff. Especially when the moisture is close to finishing, there is no need for the operator to control the air blowing temperature, so automatic finishing can be performed without overdrying. Since the quality is improved and the loss time in the drying process is reduced, the burden on the operator can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the automatic grain drying apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a control diagram thereof, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of another embodiment of the dryer used in the present invention. 1... Dryer, 2... Hot air generating furnace, 3... Automatic moisture meter, 4... Control device, 5... Storage device, T ₁ - _{T o} ... Tempering tank, 12... Supply port, 13... Discharge port, 21... Exhaust air chamber, 22...hot air chamber, 23...ward wall, 24...ventilation room, 25...hot air opening, 26...
Cold air opening, 27...Switch.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A setting device for setting the variety, weight, moisture content, and time of grain tensioning of each grain in each tempering tank in a drying device that rotates and dries grains between a tempering tank and a dryer. , a storage device that memorizes the settings in the setting device, an automatic moisture meter that measures the moisture content of the grains on the way from the tempering tank to the dryer, and a control device that controls the rotation of the grains. The control device reads out the tempering tanks and empty tempering tanks for grains whose tempering time has elapsed but has not reached finishing moisture, based on the data from the storage device and the automatic moisture meter, and stores the grains which have not reached finishing moisture. The grain is automatically dried by further passing it through a dryer from the tempering tank, and the grain discharged from the dryer is loaded into the empty tempering tank, and the grain loaded into the empty tempering tank is stored in the storage device. An automatic drying device for grains, characterized in that it remembers the variety, weight, updated moisture content, and new staking time. 2. The automatic grain drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the automatic moisture meter controls the hot air temperature of the hot air generating furnace of the dryer heat based on the measurement result. 3. The automatic grain drying device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic moisture meter controls the passage time of the grain in the dryer based on the measurement result. 4. The automatic grain drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the automatic moisture meter controls the wind speed of the hot air generating furnace of the dryer based on the measurement results. 5. The grain according to claim 1, wherein the automatic moisture meter mutually controls the hot air temperature and wind speed of the hot air generating furnace of the dryer, and the passage time of the grain in the dryer based on the measurement results. automatic drying equipment. 6 The dryer is equipped with a hot air chamber on one side wall of the drying chamber, which has a supply port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, and a plurality of exhaust chambers arranged vertically on the other side wall. A partition wall is provided inside the hot air room to form a ventilation room in contact with the lower partition of the drying room, and a hot air opening provided in the partition wall of the ventilation room and a hole provided in the bottom wall thereof is provided. The automatic grain drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an on-off valve that alternately opens and closes the cold air opening.