JPS6355353B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is a membrane separation type plasma collection device that uses a membrane plasma separator to collect only plasma and returns blood cell components to the blood donor when blood is collected from donated blood. Regarding.

<Conventional technology> One of the methods for collecting plasma is centrifugation.
It is uneconomical because it requires expensive equipment. Also, although the sedimentation method uses inexpensive equipment,
It is not practical because plasma separation requires a long time.

The membrane separation method using a membrane plasma separator is the most practical method because the separated plasma does not contain platelets or other formed components, but the conventional method uses a blood pump to force extracorporeal circulation. Because it is a thing,
This places a heavy burden on blood donors.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a membrane separation type plasma collection device that can reduce the burden on blood donors and has a simplified mechanism. The purpose is to provide.

<Means for Solving the Problems> As a result of extensive studies, the present inventors have solved the above problems by adopting a method in which blood from which plasma has been separated is returned to the blood donor via an intravenous drip. The inventors have discovered that this problem can be solved and have arrived at the present invention.

Specifically, the present invention provides a blood donor line that draws blood from a vein and supplies it to a membrane plasma separator by means of an interposed blood pump; Blood product line; Membrane plasma separator that separates plasma from supplied anticoagulant-added blood; Plasma container that stores the plasma separated by the separator; Concentrated blood from which plasma has been separated by the membrane plasma separator. A blood container for storing blood; a blood return line that drips the blood stored in the blood container through an intervening drip means and gradually returns it to the vein; and detects the pressure on the upstream and downstream sides of the membrane plasma separator. and a control section that controls the rotation of a blood pump based on the pressure difference.

<Function> Since the plasma collection device of the present invention is configured as described above, blood collected from a vein by the suction force of the blood pump is freed from anticoagulant from the anticoagulant line while flowing through the blood donation line. After the coagulant has been added, it is fed to a membrane plasma separator where the plasma is separated. The plasma separated by the membrane plasma separator is stored in a plasma container, and the concentrated blood from which the plasma has been separated is sent to the blood container and stored. The blood stored in the blood container is dripped by a drip means interposed in the blood return line, such as a drip chamber and a roller clamp, and is returned to the vein through the blood return line. Here, the internal resistance of the membrane plasma separator increases as the rotation speed of the blood pump increases, and as the rotation speed of the blood pump increases, the transmembrane pressure of the separator increases and the sample collection speed increases. If the transmembrane pressure of the separator becomes too large, hemolysis will occur, so the rotation of the blood pump is controlled by the control unit so that the transmembrane pressure does not become excessive. In other words, when the pressure detection signals on the upstream and downstream sides of the separator are sent to the control unit, the pressure difference is caused by the internal resistance of the separator, so if the pressure difference is larger than a predetermined value, blood A signal that reduces the pump speed is
When the pressure difference is smaller than a predetermined value, a signal to increase the rotation speed of the blood pump is sent from the control section to the blood pump, and the rotation of the blood pump is controlled.

It goes without saying that the dripping speed of the drip chamber is adjusted by a roller clamp placed downstream of the drip chamber.

<Example> Next, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a membrane separation type plasma collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the membrane separation type plasma collection device of the present invention includes a blood donation line 1, an anticoagulant line 5, a membrane plasma separator 4, a plasma container 8, a blood container 9, a drip chamber 10 as a dripping means, and a roller clamp. 1
1, a blood return run 2, and a control section 12. Blood is collected from a vein (not shown) by a blood pump 3 connected to a blood donation line 1, and an anticoagulant is added to the blood from an anticoagulant line 5 on the way to a membrane plasma separator 4. The plasma is separated there, stored in a blood container 9, and then dripped in a drip chamber 10 to a blood return line 2.
The plasma separated by the membrane plasma separator 4 is returned to the vein through the plasma container 8.
The rotation of the blood pump is controlled by the control unit 12 based on the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the membrane plasma separator 4.

The blood donation line 1 is a circuit that runs from an indwelling needle (not shown) at the tip to a membrane plasma separator, and blood is collected from a vein (not shown) by an interposed blood pump 3 and supplied to the separator 4. This is a circuit for The blood pump 3 interposed in the blood donation line 1 is generally of the roller pump type, and the rotation of the pump 3 is controlled based on the pressure difference between the blood on the upstream side and the downstream side of the membrane plasma separator 4.

The anticoagulant line 5 is a circuit from the anticoagulant container 6 at the end to the blood donation line 1.
This is a circuit for adding the anticoagulant contained in the blood supply line 1 to the blood flowing in the blood supply line 1 by means of an interposed pump 7, for example in the form of a roller pump. The anticoagulant line 5 and blood donation line 11 may be connected anywhere on the blood donation line 1, but preferably upstream of the blood pump 3 in order to prevent blood from coagulating.

The membrane plasma separator 4 is a plasma separator using a plasma separation membrane, and the separation membrane may be a sheet-like membrane or a hollow fiber membrane, and the membrane material may be, for example, cellulose triacetate or cellulose diacetate. , polyacrylonitrile, vinylidene fluoride, polyolefin resin, etc. are used.

The plasma container 8 is a container for storing plasma separated from blood by the membrane plasma separator 4.
It is connected to the plasma outlet of the tube by, for example, a soft vinyl chloride tube. The material for the plasma container 8 generally includes soft vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the like.

The blood container 9 is a container for storing concentrated blood after plasma has been separated by the separator 4, and is connected to the blood outlet of the separator 4 through a tube made of vinyl chloride, for example.

As the material for forming the blood container 9, soft vinyl chloride is suitable. The blood return line 2 is a circuit from a blood container 9 to an indwelling needle (not shown) at the end, and is connected to an intervening drip means, for example, a drip chamber 1.
This is a circuit for returning blood instilled by the indwelling needle 0 and the roller clamp 11 to the blood donor via the indwelling needle. In this embodiment, the drip jumper 110
The drip speed is controlled by a roller clamp 11 disposed downstream of the chamber 10, but in addition to the roller clamp 11, other types of drip speed control means include screw type clamps and other types of flow control devices. means can be applied.

The control unit 12 is electrically connected to blood pressure detectors (not shown) and the blood pump 3 provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the separator 4, respectively.
The rotation of the blood pump 3 is controlled in response to pressure signals on the upstream and downstream sides of the blood pump 3 so that the pressure difference therebetween is maintained at about 60 mmHg. The pressure difference between the blood inlet (upstream side) and the blood outlet (downstream side) of the separator 4 indicates the internal resistance of the separator 4.
The greater the internal resistance, the greater the sample collection efficiency.
If the internal resistance is too large, hemolysis will occur, so generally
The blood flow rate is controlled to maintain a pressure difference of 60 mmHg.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention will be explained.

Blood drawn into the blood donor line 1 from a vein at a flow rate of 20 to 60 ml/min by the blood pump 3 is preferably transferred to the anticoagulant line 5 upstream of the blood pump 3.
from 2 to 6 ml/min of anticoagulant, such as ACD solution,
Alternatively, it is injected at a rate of 1/8 to 1/6 of the blood flow rate, anticoagulated, and supplied to the membrane plasma separator 4, where the plasma is separated. The plasma separated by the membrane plasma separator 4 is stored in a plasma container 8, while the concentrated blood from which the plasma has been separated is sent to a blood container 9 and stored therein. Then, the blood stored in the blood container 9 is dripped in a drip chamber 10 interposed in the blood return line 2, and is returned to the vein through the blood return line 2.

Here, the drip speed is determined by the roller clamp 1 placed on the blood return line 2 on the downstream side of the drip chamber 10.
1, the drip speed is controlled so that the drip flow rate is smaller than the amount of blood flowing into the blood container 9.

Plasma collection continues until a predetermined amount of plasma, for example 400 ml, is collected, but when the predetermined amount of plasma collection is completed, the venous blood is introduced into the circulation circuit of the device and replaced with physiological saline. It is necessary to switch over, stop the operation of the blood pump 3 when the physiological saline reaches the inlet of the blood container 9, and continue the infusion until all of the blood stored in the blood container 9 is returned to the blood donor's vein. be. Therefore, it is needless to say that the upstream side of the blood pump 3 in the blood donation line 1 is provided with a connecting portion to, for example, a container containing a physiological saline solution so that the physiological saline solution can be supplied. Needless to say, it is also necessary to prime the inside of the apparatus with physiological saline before plasma collection.

<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above explanation, the membrane separation type plasma collection device of the present invention has the following advantages.

(1) Since the blood after plasma collection is gradually returned to the vein through an infusion, the burden on blood donors can be reduced.

(2) Since no complicated mechanism is required, the device can be simplified and is economical.

(3) Since no special blood containers, plasma containers, drip chambers, or roller clamps are required, commercially available blood bags and infusion sets can be used. Therefore, handling is simple and economical.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of main symbols: 1: Blood donation line, 2: Blood return line, 3: Blood pump, 4: Membrane plasma separator, 5:
anticoagulant line, 8: plasma container, 9: blood container,
10: Drip chamber, 11: Roller clamp, 12: Control section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A blood supply line for collecting blood from a vein by means of an interposed blood pump and supplying it to a membrane plasma separator;
an anticoagulant line that adds a predetermined amount of anticoagulant to the blood flowing through the blood donation line; a membrane plasma separator that separates plasma from the supplied anticoagulant-added blood; plasma separated by the separator; a blood container that stores concentrated blood from which plasma has been separated by a membrane plasma separator; the blood stored in the blood container is infused through an intervening drip means and gradually returned to the vein A membrane separation type plasma collection device comprising: a blood return line; and a control unit that detects the pressure on the upstream and downstream sides of a membrane plasma separator and controls the rotation of a blood pump based on the pressure difference.