JPS6353924B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6353924B2 JPS6353924B2 JP60205037A JP20503785A JPS6353924B2 JP S6353924 B2 JPS6353924 B2 JP S6353924B2 JP 60205037 A JP60205037 A JP 60205037A JP 20503785 A JP20503785 A JP 20503785A JP S6353924 B2 JPS6353924 B2 JP S6353924B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- water
- ice
- granular ice
- granular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003823 mortar mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
この発明はモルタル、コンクリート等水硬性セ
メント質組成物（以下モルタル類という）の調合
方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for preparing hydraulic cementitious compositions such as mortar and concrete (hereinafter referred to as mortars).
（従来技術）
水硬性セメント質組成物の調合に際してはセメ
ントと水および必要に応じ砂、砂利等の骨材を混
合撹拌する。そして水セメント比説によれば、水
硬性セメント質組成物の硬化後の強度はセメント
にたいする水の量が少ないほど強度が大となる。
そして最近の説によればセメントの水和作用に必
要な最低水量近傍で凝結硬化させることにより、
きわめて強度が大きくなり、圧縮強度のみなら
ず、引張強度、曲げ強度、剪断強度も確保される
といわれる。(Prior Art) When preparing a hydraulic cementitious composition, cement, water, and, if necessary, aggregates such as sand and gravel are mixed and stirred. According to the water-cement ratio theory, the strength of a hydraulic cementitious composition after hardening increases as the amount of water relative to the cement decreases.
According to a recent theory, by setting and hardening near the minimum amount of water required for the hydration of cement,
It is said to have extremely high strength, ensuring not only compressive strength but also tensile strength, bending strength, and shear strength.
しかし、高品質のモルタル類を得るために必要
な最低水量となると水量が極端に少なくなるため
に、セメント、骨材および水を均等に混合して均
質性が高いモルタル類をつくることは極めて困難
であり、低水 セメント比のモルタル類の本来の
高強度を発揮することはできなかつた。 However, since the minimum amount of water required to obtain high-quality mortar is extremely small, it is extremely difficult to mix cement, aggregate, and water evenly to create highly homogeneous mortar. Therefore, it was not possible to demonstrate the original high strength of mortar with a low water-to-cement ratio.
（発明の目的）
この発明は上記問題点に着目してなされたもの
であり、水を使用しないで、水和反応に必要な水
を粒状氷によつて供給し、極めて低い水 セメン
ト比であつても均質なモルタル類が調合でき、低
水 セメント比による本来の高強度等の特性を硬
化体において発現できるモルタル類の調合方法を
提案するにある。(Purpose of the invention) This invention was made by focusing on the above problem, and it supplies the water necessary for the hydration reaction by granular ice without using water, and achieves an extremely low water-to-cement ratio. The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for blending mortar that can produce homogeneous mortar even when the temperature is low, and that can exhibit characteristics such as high strength due to a low water-to-cement ratio in a hardened product.
（発明の構成）
このモルタル類の調合方法は、セメントあるい
はセメントと骨材等の混合物に水を添加混合して
モルタル類を調合する方法において、原料に同伴
する水を除いた調合水を粒状氷となして添加し、
粒状氷の一部が融解した湿潤状態で撹拌混合し、
粒状氷の周りに前記セメントあるいはセメントと
骨材等がまぶされた状態で分散させて巨視的均一
混合系となし、次いで粒状氷の融解に伴い均一混
合系のモルタル類に移行せしめることを特徴とす
る。(Structure of the Invention) This method for preparing mortars is a method of preparing mortars by adding water to cement or a mixture of cement and aggregate, etc., in which the prepared water excluding the water accompanying the raw materials is poured into granular ice. Add as eggplant,
Stir and mix in a wet state where part of the granular ice has melted,
The cement or cement and aggregate are sprinkled around the granular ice and dispersed to form a macroscopically homogeneous mixed system, and then as the granular ice melts, the mixture is transferred to a homogeneously mixed mortar. shall be.
この調合方法では添加した粒状氷が融解する条
件、すなわち、雰囲気温度あるいはセメント、骨
材等が氷点以上の温度条件下で混合が行なわれ
る。粒状氷の粒径は小さい程均質に分散でき、打
設後に未融解の氷が残つて欠陥部を生じる恐れも
なく好ましい。例えば破砕機で破砕した比較的粒
径が大きい氷を用い５℃程度の低温度下でモルタ
ルを調合し、未融解の氷が残存する状態で打設締
固めて得た硬化物には、残存した氷部分が空洞と
して残り好ましくない。周辺が低温の場合は、小
粒径の氷も融けにくく、セメント等の粉体が氷粒
を覆い固相状態で撹拌できるために骨材等の混入
の手順前後の影響は少ない。しかし周辺が高温の
場合は、撹拌中の氷の急速な融解を抑制するため
に若干大きめの粒径となし、さらに氷表面にセメ
ントあるいはセメントと砂等の微細粒子が早く付
着するようにし、粗骨材等の混入はあとにするの
が望ましい。 In this mixing method, mixing is carried out under conditions in which the added granular ice melts, that is, at ambient temperature or at a temperature above the freezing point of cement, aggregate, etc. The smaller the particle size of the granular ice is, the more homogeneously it can be dispersed, and there is no fear that unmelted ice will remain after pouring and cause defects. For example, mortar is prepared at a low temperature of about 5℃ using relatively large ice crushed by a crusher, and the cured product obtained by pouring and compacting with unmelted ice remaining has no remaining ice. This is undesirable as the ice part remains as a cavity. When the surrounding temperature is low, even small-sized ice is difficult to melt, and powder such as cement covers the ice particles and can be stirred in a solid state, so there is little effect before and after the procedure of mixing aggregates, etc. However, if the surrounding temperature is high, the particle size should be slightly larger to suppress rapid melting of the ice during stirring, and fine particles such as cement or cement and sand should adhere to the ice surface quickly. It is desirable to mix in aggregate etc. later.
この調合では原料に同伴する水、すなわち、骨
材等に付着した水、混和剤等を溶解あるいは分散
させるに必要とする水、添加する粒状氷に同伴す
る融解水、あるいは骨材等に生蒸気を吹付け昇温
せしめた際の凝縮水等の水を除いた調合水の全量
を粒状氷となし添加するのが好ましい。 In this formulation, water that accompanies the raw materials, i.e., water that adheres to aggregates, etc., water that is necessary to dissolve or disperse admixtures, etc., melted water that accompanies the granular ice added, or live steam that accompanies the aggregates, etc. It is preferable to add the entire amount of the blended water excluding water such as condensed water when the temperature is increased by spraying the ice as granular ice.
氷の融解時間は粒状氷の温度および氷径に大き
く依存する。このため、温度および氷径を適宜選
定して生モルタル類の水和反応までの時間を制御
できる。氷径を所定の値にするため必要に応じて
粒状氷を篩分けして用いることもできる。粒状氷
は所定温度の氷塊を粉砕して用いてもよいし、粒
状となした氷を所定の温度に深冷して用いてもよ
い。 The melting time of ice is highly dependent on the temperature of the granular ice and the ice diameter. Therefore, the time until the hydration reaction of raw mortar can be controlled by appropriately selecting the temperature and ice diameter. In order to adjust the ice diameter to a predetermined value, the granular ice can be sieved and used as necessary. The granular ice may be used by crushing ice cubes at a predetermined temperature, or may be used by deep cooling granular ice to a predetermined temperature.
モルタル類を混練する混練槽あるいは混合撹拌
するミキサー車あるいは貯蔵槽は冷却装置を取付
けたり、断熱材で断熱して粒状氷の融解速度を制
御することもできる。またセメント、骨材等の素
原料を調合に先だつて冷却しておき使用すること
もできる。 A kneading tank for kneading mortar, a mixer truck for mixing and stirring, or a storage tank can be equipped with a cooling device or insulated with a heat insulating material to control the melting rate of granular ice. In addition, raw materials such as cement and aggregate can be cooled before use.
（実施例）
実施例 １
調合水を粒状氷となしセメントに添加し、室温
下で撹拌して湿潤した粒状氷の周りにセメントが
まぶされた状態で分散させ、同時に粒状氷を徐々
に融解せしめ、水が均一に分散した均質なセメン
トペーストを取得した。このセメントペーストを
密封養生して硬化物（材令28）をつくり、その水
セメント比と圧縮強度および曲げ強度との関係を
求め、その結果を第１図のグラフに示した。(Example) Example 1 Mixed water was added to granular ice and cement, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature to disperse the wet granular ice with cement sprinkled around it, and at the same time, the granular ice was gradually melted. A homogeneous cement paste in which water was evenly dispersed was obtained. This cement paste was sealed and cured to produce a cured product (material age 28), and the relationship between the water-cement ratio, compressive strength, and bending strength was determined, and the results are shown in the graph of Figure 1.
水 セメント比が25％以下のものは極めて高い
圧縮強度および曲げ強度を発現する。同時に水
セメント比が25％以下であつても、この方法によ
ると緻密な硬化物を形成できることが明らかにな
つた。 Those with a water-cement ratio of 25% or less exhibit extremely high compressive strength and bending strength. water at the same time
It has become clear that this method can form a dense cured product even if the cement ratio is less than 25%.
実施例 ２
セメント、砂（混合比１／２）に調合水の全量
を粒状氷となし添加し、室温下で粒状氷の一部が
融解した湿潤状態で撹拌し、粒状氷の融解水が均
一に分散したモルタルを調製した。そのモルタル
の水セメント比と圧縮強度および曲げ強度の関係
を求めた。Example 2 Add the entire amount of blended water as granular ice to cement and sand (mixing ratio 1/2), stir at room temperature in a wet state where some of the granular ice has melted, and make sure that the melted water of the granular ice is uniform. A mortar was prepared by dispersing the The relationship between the water-cement ratio and compressive strength and bending strength of the mortar was determined.
材料 セメント：普通ポルトランドセメント
砂：富士川産砂（粒径2.5mm以下表乾）
粒状氷：アイススライサーで破砕したもの
材令28日の水 セメント比と圧縮強度および曲
げ強度の関係は第２図グラフの通りであつた。Materials Cement: Ordinary Portland cement Sand: Sand from Fujikawa (surface dry with a grain size of 2.5 mm or less) Granular ice: Crushed with an ice slicer Water aged 28 years The relationship between cement ratio, compressive strength, and bending strength is shown in the graph in Figure 2. It was hot on the street.
このグラフによると、水 セメント比25％〜30
％において緻密で、高強度の硬化物を形成できる
ことが明らかとなつた。 According to this graph, water cement ratio 25%~30
%, it has become clear that a dense and high-strength cured product can be formed.
実施例 ３
粒状氷／セメント／砂＊1／砂利＊2
（0.30／1.0／1.5／1.5）の混合物を室温下で粒
状氷の一部が融解した湿潤状態で撹拌し、融解水
が均一に分散したコンクリートを調合した。Example 3 A mixture of granular ice/cement/sand* 1 /gravel* 2 (0.30/1.0/1.5/1.5) was stirred at room temperature in a wet state where some of the granular ice had melted, and the melted water was uniformly dispersed. mixed concrete.
＊１：最大粒径５mm、表乾
＊２：最大粒径25mm、表乾
このコンクリートを用いて、階高275cm、柱断
面40×40cm、梁断面30×60cm、スラブ厚12cm、壁
厚12cmの寸法で通常の配筋を行なつた実物大鉄筋
コンクリート模型をつくつた。コンクリートの打
設には棒状バイブレーター、型枠バイブレーター
の両方を用い密実なコンクリートの充填を図つ
た。*1: Maximum grain size 5 mm, surface dry *2: Maximum grain size 25 mm, surface dry Using this concrete, a floor height of 275 cm, a column cross section of 40 x 40 cm, a beam cross section of 30 x 60 cm, a slab thickness of 12 cm, and a wall thickness of 12 cm. A full-size reinforced concrete model was constructed with normal reinforcement arrangement according to dimensions. Both a rod vibrator and a formwork vibrator were used to place the concrete to ensure dense concrete filling.
コンクリート打設７日後に型枠を外し、大気中
に放置し養生し、28日後に柱の下部、中間部、上
部、および梁から合計７体の試験片（10cmφ×20
cmｈ）を切出し、圧縮試験を行なつた。圧縮強度
は611〜713Kg／cm2で平均662Kg／cm2であつた。 Seven days after pouring the concrete, the formwork was removed and left in the air to cure.After 28 days, a total of seven test specimens (10 cmφ x 20
cmh) was cut out and subjected to a compression test. The compressive strength was 611 to 713 Kg/cm 2 with an average of 662 Kg/cm 2 .
実施例 ４
この調合方法により、水 セメント比20％、30
％、40％、60％のセメントペーストをつくり、そ
の硬化物の材令と収縮歪との関係を求めた。その
結果は第３図のグラフの通りであつた。なお、硬
化物は直径５cm、高さ10cmのシリンダーで、室温
15℃、相対湿度60％の条件下で収縮歪を測定し
た。Example 4 By this mixing method, the water-cement ratio was 20%, 30%
%, 40%, and 60% cement paste was made, and the relationship between the material age and shrinkage strain of the cured product was determined. The results were as shown in the graph of Figure 3. The cured product is a cylinder with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm, and is kept at room temperature.
Shrinkage strain was measured under conditions of 15°C and 60% relative humidity.
このグラフで明らかなように、この調合方法に
より低水 セメント比とすることにより極めて小
さな収縮歪の硬化物をつくることができる。 As is clear from this graph, by using this mixing method, a cured product with extremely small shrinkage strain can be produced by achieving a low water-cement ratio.
（作用）
このモルタル数の調合方法は以上の構成からな
る。(Function) This mortar mixing method consists of the above structure.
この方法では、調合水を粒状氷で添加し、この
粒状氷の一部が融解し、その表面が湿潤した状態
で混合する。粒状氷は周りにセメントあるいはセ
メントと骨材等が付着し、粉体がまぶされた粒子
のごとき状態となり分散して、微視的には不均質
であるが巨視的には均質な混合系を形成する。従
つて、粒状氷の添加量が少なくても粒状氷を均等
に分散せしめ、氷が融解した後は融解水は周囲の
材料を湿潤して均質なモルタル類を形成する。粒
状氷の代りに同等の少量の水を加えた場合は、水
はセメントあるいは骨材の一部を湿潤して団塊と
なり乾燥部分と混和しがたく、均質なモルタル類
を作ることは容易でなかつた。また、セメントあ
るいは骨材等がまぶされた粒状氷は外周面が断熱
層で覆れた形となつて融解しがたく、均等な撹拌
混合、水和反応の遅延を図ることができる。 In this method, blended water is added in the form of granular ice, and some of the granular ice melts to wet the surface before mixing. Granular ice is surrounded by cement or cement and aggregate, etc., and is dispersed into particles sprinkled with powder, resulting in a mixed system that is microscopically heterogeneous but macroscopically homogeneous. form. Therefore, even if the amount of granular ice added is small, the granular ice is evenly dispersed, and after the ice melts, the melt water wets the surrounding materials to form a homogeneous mortar. When an equivalent small amount of water is added instead of granular ice, the water wets a part of the cement or aggregate and forms a lump, which makes it difficult to mix with the dry part, making it difficult to make a homogeneous mortar. Ta. In addition, granular ice coated with cement or aggregate has its outer circumferential surface covered with a heat insulating layer, making it difficult to melt, allowing uniform stirring and mixing and delaying the hydration reaction.
（発明の効果）
従つてこの調合方法によれば、水セメント比が
極めて低いモルタル類であつても、均質性よくつ
くることができ、低水／セメント比のモルタル類
の本来の高強度、あるいは低収縮歪等の特性を硬
化物において発現できる。また、従来の調合方法
では調合後短時間で打設が困難になる低水セメン
ト比でスランプ値が低いモルタル類であつても、
この調合方法によればスランプ値の低下が遅くな
り、打設の時間的余裕を得て密実な打設を可能と
する。さらに、この調合方法は混合、打設、成形
の工程を常温雰囲気で行なうので、特に冷却、保
温等の手段を必要とせず、従来の設備をそのまま
利用でき、添加水を粒状氷に代えるのみであるの
で、広範囲に実用性高く利用ができ、しかも経
費、設備費の負担が小さい。(Effect of the invention) Therefore, according to this mixing method, even mortars with extremely low water/cement ratios can be made with good homogeneity, and the original high strength of mortars with low water/cement ratios can be maintained. Characteristics such as low shrinkage strain can be exhibited in the cured product. Furthermore, even with mortars that have a low water-cement ratio and a low slump value, which would be difficult to cast within a short time after mixing using conventional mixing methods,
According to this mixing method, the decrease in the slump value is slowed down, which allows more time for pouring and enables more precise pouring. Furthermore, since this preparation method performs the mixing, pouring, and molding processes in a room-temperature atmosphere, it does not require any special means of cooling or heat retention, and conventional equipment can be used as is, and the added water can be replaced with granular ice. Therefore, it can be widely used with high practicality, and the expense and equipment costs are low.
第１図は実施例１の水セメント比と圧縮強度お
よび曲げ引張強度との相関グラフ、第２図は実施
例２の水セメント比と圧縮強度および曲げ引張強
度との相関グラフ、第３図は実施例４のセメント
ペーストの材令と乾燥収縮歪との相関グラフであ
る。
Figure 1 is a correlation graph between water-cement ratio and compressive strength and flexural tensile strength in Example 1, Figure 2 is a correlation graph between water-cement ratio and compressive strength and flexural tensile strength in Example 2, and Figure 3 is a correlation graph between water-cement ratio and compressive strength and flexural tensile strength in Example 2. It is a correlation graph between the material age and drying shrinkage strain of the cement paste of Example 4.
Claims (1)
水を添加混合してモルタル類を調合する方法にお
いて、原料に同伴する水を除いた調合水を粒状氷
となして添加し、粒状氷の一部が融解した湿潤状
態で撹拌混合し、粒状氷の周りに前記セメントあ
るいはセメントと骨材等がまぶされた状態で分散
させて巨視的均一混合系となし、次いで粒状氷の
融解に伴い均一混合系のモルタル類に移行せしめ
ることを特徴とするモルタル類の調合方法。1 In a method of preparing mortar by adding water to a mixture of cement or cement aggregate, etc., the blended water excluding the water accompanying the raw materials is added as granular ice, and some of the granular ice melts. The cement or the cement and aggregate are sprinkled around the granular ice and dispersed to form a macroscopic homogeneous mixed system.Then, as the granular ice melts, the homogeneous mixed system is formed. A method for preparing mortars, characterized by transferring the mixture to mortars.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20503785A JPS6270277A (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1985-09-17 | Method for preparing mortars |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20503785A JPS6270277A (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1985-09-17 | Method for preparing mortars |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6270277A JPS6270277A (en) | 1987-03-31 |
| JPS6353924B2 true JPS6353924B2 (en) | 1988-10-26 |
Family
ID=16500397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20503785A Granted JPS6270277A (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1985-09-17 | Method for preparing mortars |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6270277A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6438208A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-02-08 | Nikku Ind Co | Preparation of concrete |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS535694A (en) * | 1976-07-03 | 1978-01-19 | Kiyuugo Tanaka | Platinum wire used in combustible gas concentration measurements |
| JPS60218100A (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1985-10-31 | 三井建設株式会社 | Method of kneading cement |
| JPS6149806A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-03-11 | 鈴木 敏郎 | Method of compounding mortars |
| JPS627682A (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-14 | 鈴木 敏郎 | Method of blending and forming mortars |
-
1985
- 1985-09-17 JP JP20503785A patent/JPS6270277A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS535694A (en) * | 1976-07-03 | 1978-01-19 | Kiyuugo Tanaka | Platinum wire used in combustible gas concentration measurements |
| JPS60218100A (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1985-10-31 | 三井建設株式会社 | Method of kneading cement |
| JPS6149806A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-03-11 | 鈴木 敏郎 | Method of compounding mortars |
| JPS627682A (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-14 | 鈴木 敏郎 | Method of blending and forming mortars |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6270277A (en) | 1987-03-31 |
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