JPS6353322B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Field of Application> The present invention relates to road units for constructing elevated roads, for example railways for mass transit.

<Prior Art> With urbanization and increasing energy costs, economical rapid transit facilities have become a major concern. There has always been a problem that providing rapid transit facilities in densely populated areas is not economical due to the high cost of accommodating the land. One solution that has been widely used has been to provide elevated roads over which rapid transit vehicles can travel. The elevated road is
It is supported by posts or frames that occupy very little space above the road. This road unit is considered a development of the floor structure shown in US Pat. No. 3,894,370.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> Conventional prefabricated road units are heavy when filled with concrete;
The drawback was that it did not have sufficient torsional and tensile rigidity. The object of the invention is to obtain a new type of lightweight yet highly rigid road unit for use in the construction of elevated roads.

<Means for Solving the Problems> According to the present invention, it is made up of a bottom plate, side plates facing each other across the bottom plate, and end plates that close both ends in the length direction,
An elevated elevated structure comprising an elongate closed-ended metal channel filled with a coagulant therein and at least one elongate hollow metal member extending within the channel and extending along the length of the channel and connected to the inner wall of the channel. Road units are obtained.

Each unit preferably includes at least three parallel hollow members each connected to the inner wall of the channel. Each hollow member is spaced apart from the inner wall of the channel and connected to the inner wall of the channel by a web member extending parallel to at least one said hollow member attached to the outer wall of said hollow member and the inner wall of the channel; It is attached to the inner wall of the channel by parallel web members extending in a direction perpendicular to said direction and spaced apart in the direction in which said plurality of hollow members extend in the same manner. The parallel web members are provided on the upper side of the hollow member and support the track members to be installed on the road.

<Example> Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The road unit shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 includes a flat bottom plate 22, side plates 24 facing each other across the bottom plate, and an inclined side plate 26 extending diagonally to connect the bottom plate and the side plates.
and an end plate 28 (third
It is made of an elongated metal channel 20 closed at both ends, including a This embodiment also includes three similar parallel-extending hollow members 30 of circular cross-section extending the length of the channel inside the channel. Both ends of each hollow member are attached to end plates 28. End plate 28 has a hole 32 aligned with hole 34 in the hollow member. The hollow member is spaced from and attached to the inner wall of the channel by a web member 36 extending parallel to it over its entire length. Although in this embodiment the hollow member 30 is attached to the channel by a vertical web member, in other embodiments the two opposite hollow members 30 may be attached to the bottom plate as shown in broken lines in FIG. It may be connected to the connecting portion with the inclined side plate 26. The unit has side walls formed by the tops of the side plates 24 and a narrow horizontal top plate 38 attached to their upper ends. The side wall may be completed by providing a long plate member 40 parallel to the side plate 24 inside, or it may be constructed as a removable wall member 42 as shown in FIG. It may be possible to use it for passing service lines such as power lines and telephone lines for a railway system to be provided.

In this embodiment, the roadway device of the present invention includes longitudinally spaced supports 44 as supporting members.
It consists of a plurality of road units as described above connected by coupling devices mounted above. The support member may of course be of any suitable shape other than a cylindrical shape. At the upper end of each strut 44 is a coupling device 46 with a cross-section corresponding to the cross-section of the road unit. The coupling device 46 has a hollow portion and is made up of a bottom plate 48, a top plate 50, side plates 52, 54, and an end plate 56. The end plate 56 has a hole 32 in the end plate 28 and a hole 3 in the hollow member 30.
There is a hole 58 aligned with 4. The pillar 44 has a door 59 for changing the entrance. The road units are raised above the ground and connected to each other for support by a support structure constituted by columns and coupling devices.

Lift the channel formed by each road unit, which is open at the top and closed at both sides and ends, into an appropriate position.
It is mounted on and supported on the two coupling devices 46 and the ends of the channel are attached thereto with any suitable device, such as transverse bolts 60. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a space is provided between the road unit end plate 28 and the coupling device end plate 56 to allow expansion and contraction of the road unit due to changes in ambient temperature. In this embodiment, the bottom plate 48 of the coupling device projects longitudinally and has a laterally extending and upwardly projecting tongue 62 at its end. At the adjacent end of the road unit there is a recess and a horizontal closing plate 64 overlying the tongue. The bottom end of the end plate 28 is below the closure plate and slides over a low friction pad 66 on the lower portion of the tongue. The gap between the end of each roadway unit and its adjacent coupling device is filled with a flexible seal to accommodate changes in the seam. The coupling device also has a door 68 for access.

In the road unit, when concrete is poured to a level where the upper surface 72 at least immediately surrounds the bottom end of the elongated plate member 40, the space forming member made of the hollow member 30, the bottom plate 22, and the side plates 24, 2 are inserted.
Be careful to fill all the spaces between 6 and 6. The concrete is suitably compacted using known methods to smooth the top surface and provide a smooth road bed over which rapid transit vehicles can run. Although not shown, a mesh layer is formed on the top surface to control cracks. Instead of or in addition to the mesh layer, fiber-reinforced concrete can also be used. A vehicle with rubber tires can run directly on a concrete surface, and when a track guided vehicle with lateral guide wheels is run, the lateral guide wheels can be engaged with the elongated plate member 40. In this case, a plate made of a hard material may be attached to the elongated plate member 40 to prevent excessive wear due to contact with the lateral guide wheels. In such a case, although not shown, the elongated plate member 40 and the side plate 24
The space between the two can be filled with more concrete to create a more solid structure.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1-5, a steel rail 74, a central support 76 of the linear induction motor arrangement, and a removable wall member 4 are shown.
2 is shown as supporting a railway system of the type using current collector rails 78 attached to the rails 78. At least the rail 74 of the rail 74 and center support 76 is mounted within a metal groove member 80 set in concrete. The groove members rest on transverse web members 84 of T-shaped cross section spaced apart in the direction of extension of the plurality of road units and extending in a direction perpendicular to said direction. The legs of these parallel web members are attached to the surface of the hollow member 30 by welding or the like. These feet are shaped to match the circular outer surface of the hollow member 30. The transverse web member 84 is also welded to the elongate plate member 40 and/or the side plate 24 to prevent movement. In some embodiments, the side walls may also be filled with concrete. Of course, the rail can also be provided on the upper surface 72 of the concrete without using the groove member 80. The rail 74 is secured to the coupling device top plate 50 and secured to the support member, for example by welding at 86 (FIG. 3). This arrangement allows the use of continuous rails without the risk of creating excessive gaps if the rails are broken due to shrinkage. Such clearance is due to contraction of the rail between two adjacent support members. In the event of rail damage, the concrete-filled road unit acts as a tension tie to prevent large gaps from forming.

It will be appreciated that the roadway unit of the present invention is a composite longitudinal hollow structural beam of steel and concrete or other suitable materials. All metal parts of the road unit are usually joined together by welding to form a monolithic structure. If the web member 36 is not used, the hollow member is attached directly to the channel plate. These units can be prefabricated in factories under controlled conditions. A maximum number of attachments for transportation systems can also be installed between prefabs. The distance between the supporting members of each unit can be between 30 and 45 meters,
Furthermore, it is relatively lightweight before concrete is poured (e.g., about 25% of the weight of pre-concrete), making it easy to handle and lift. This unit is used as a permanent framework to support wet concrete loads and construction loads (eg, workers can walk around on the structure). The hollow member provides torsional stability to the steel structure. Therefore, there is no need to construct an enclosure during construction, and traffic obstruction is kept to a minimum. Since the channels in this unit do not leak water, the retained water completely hydrates the cement and maximizes the strength of the concrete. Cracks and deformations due to shrinkage of the concrete are therefore also minimized.

After the concrete hardens, the lower part of the steel section provides tensile strength reinforcement, and the finished product supports loads from vehicles, wind, snow and ice, earthquakes, and more. Such composite beams have maximum strength and stiffness with minimum thickness, reducing blinding and interference with the existing environment when installed. The internal space created by the hollow member 30 reduces the weight of the concrete and provides a convenient passage for utility lines for gas, electricity, telephone, street lights, water, etc. Since the entire weight of the concrete is supported by the steel sections and the concrete is not subject to any strain, cracking and long-term deformation are minimized. Since the space created by the hollow member 30 is completely embedded in the concrete and the layer of concrete beneath the rails of the transportation system is relatively thick, the transmission of sound through the road beam is minimized. Since the space created by the hollow member 30 is completely embedded in the concrete, the torsional rigidity of this composite beam is high.

The desired synthetic behavior after the concrete has set is achieved by a combination of the following factors:

(1) Chemical bond between concrete and steel.

(2) Mechanical bonding by enclosing hollow members, which can be considered hollow reinforcing bars, with concrete.

(3) Mechanical connection by confining longitudinal and/or transverse cut-resistant members with concrete.

The smooth surfaces, sloped sides, low thickness results, and use of a single exposed material, steel, result in an attractive, elegant, streamlined, and modern-looking structure.

A very important feature of the road is its aesthetic appearance with smooth sides and streamlined shapes that help deflect wind blows. The sloped side walls of these embodiments require as little concrete as possible and eliminate the need for concrete where the strength is minimal, reducing the dead weight of the concrete. Constructed from weathering steel, the steel sections are an attractive dark brown color, resulting in a maintenance-free construction and can be factory-fabricated to any desired color, including black, using a long-life coal tar epoxy finish. Can be painted with. Metal guard walls provide increased safety in the event of a vehicle derailment, and temporary, removable guardrail sections can be installed at a height that provides adequate protection for roadside workers during construction.
This will be a medium height guardrail. Furthermore, the guard wall effectively hides the wheels and undercarriage of the vehicle, making the transportation system more attractive.

Although the illustrated space-defining member is a round iron pipe, other shapes may be used, such as hexagonal, octagonal, square, etc. It is used as a compression flange for the steel section and, once the concrete has set, becomes part of the tension reinforcement member of the composite beam structure. The longitudinal web members, which are flat steel plates when used, provide a means of increasing the thickness of the steel sections, increasing stiffness and strength, and providing tension support for the composite beam structure once the concrete has set. It becomes part of the reinforcing member. The bottom member 22 is typically a flat steel plate or a corrugated steel section with corrugations parallel to the spacer. The transverse members are used to increase the stability of the steel parts during manufacture, transportation, assembly and during concrete pouring, and to provide a mechanical cut-resistant connection between the steel and concrete. They may be flat steel plates or of any other shape instead of the T-section members shown. A flat steel member placed vertically becomes a horizontal cut-resistant connection,
The T-shaped member provides a horizontal and vertical cut-resistant connection between the concrete and steel.

6-8 show cross-sections of other road units according to the invention. The space-forming hollow member 30 is provided at a distance from the wall of the channel, and is spaced apart in a direction parallel to the plurality of hollow members attached to the inner wall of the channel and the hollow member 30 via the intermediate platform member 90. and are connected to the channel walls by parallel web members 88 extending perpendicularly to said direction.

The upper ends of parallel web members 88 extend between and reinforce side plates 24 and elongated plate members 40. In some cases, such parallel web members are used in conjunction with longitudinal web members. Such parallel web members can also be used to predetermine crack patterns in the bottom of concrete.
When a composite beam structure is loaded, portions of the concrete at the mid-span or other locations where bending moments and stresses are greatest will crack due to excessive tension. Tension cracking in concrete usually occurs suddenly, and the cracks propagate upwards excessively, weakening the road. Parallel members pre-create cracks and prevent excessive cracking. The height of the parallel web members is varied to suit the tension pattern. The height is maximum at the center. Near the ends of the span, where tension cracking is less likely to occur, the height of the parallel members is minimal and acts as a horizontal connection between the concrete and steel. 6th to 8th
The figure also shows a much wider span configuration using the road unit of the present invention. The vertical cross section of the unit is greatly increased, the width of the bottom plate 22 is decreased, and the width of the two inclined side plates 26 is increased. Furthermore, the central part of the hollow member 30 is shaped like an egg with a vertical long axis. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a thin road unit coupled to a thick road unit by an intermediate coupling device 46. The functions of both units are exactly the same.

FIG. 9 shows how one support structure supports roads for two parallel transportation systems. For purposes of illustration, one side rail 74 is provided in a groove member 80;
The rail on the other side is installed directly on the cement surface.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a road of considerable length (e.g., about 330 meters) including twelve posts 44. It has been found desirable to provide rigid connections 84 between adjacent columns 44 at approximately this spacing to provide a rigid frame to withstand the forces on the rails due to temperature changes. The rigidity of the columns can of course be increased by pouring concrete into them without having to inspect the interior. The linkage can be arched for an aesthetically pleasing appearance. Such gang-like frames eliminate the need for the supports between them to be designed to withstand forces in the direction of the channel, such as rail forces due to temperature changes and forces due to vehicle acceleration and deceleration. It is also desirable at the start and end points of the system curve.

By way of example only, the following specifications are considered appropriate for roads for light rapid transit rail systems.

Road span: 30m Road width: 3m Overall road thickness: 1.5m Thickness of bottom plate 22: 1.25cm Thickness of side plates 84, 26: 0.95cm Thickness of top plate 38: 2.5cm Thickness of end plate 28 : 1.9cm Diameter of hollow member 30: 61cm Wall thickness of hollow member 30: 0.625cm Thickness of web member 36: 0.95cm Thickness of parallel web member: 0.95cm Thickness of bottom plate 48: 5.0cm Thickness of top plate 50 Diameter of strut 44: 122 cm Wall thickness of strut 44: 1.9 cm In all the embodiments shown, the channel is made of side plates, sloped side plates, and a bottom plate, which plates meet They are connected by continuous welding in the direction in which the channels extend. Although such a cross-section is particularly useful as described above, other cross-sectional shapes may be used. In particular, to avoid welding,
A sheet of the required thickness may be bent into the required shape.
In such a case, there will be no clear demarcation line between the bottom plate and the side plate, but a smooth transition.
It may also be economical to create a channel by bending one member into the required cross-sectional shape and joining the cross-sections end-to-end by welding.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a single track flyover with one end cut away to show the internal structure. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the road partially cut away to show a portion. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5--5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 2 of the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. Figure 8 is line 8-8 in Figure 7.
FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a mode in which one support structure supports two roads.
FIG. 10 is a side view of a road connecting several units. 20...metal channel, 22...bottom plate, 24...
...Side plate, 26...Slanted side plate, 28...End plate, 30
... Hollow member, 36 ... Web member, 40 ... Long plate member, 44 ... Support column, 46 ... Coupling device, 6
2... Tongue member of coupling device, 70... Concrete, 74... Rail, 76... Support for linear motor device, 80... Groove member, 84, 88... Parallel web member, 90... Platform member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A prefabricated road unit for an elevated road, which is supported at a position higher than the ground by a support structure and connected to each other in the length direction, which includes a bottom plate 22.
, a pair of side plates 24 facing each other on both sides of the bottom plate, and a pair of end plates 28 facing each other on both sides of the bottom plate, and an elongated, open-top box-shaped metal channel 20
and at least one metal hollow member 30 extending through and through the length of the channel parallel to the side plates within the channel, the hollow member being longitudinally connected to an inner wall of the channel; A road unit, wherein a space surrounded by the inner wall of the channel and the outer wall of the hollow member serves as a space filled with a coagulating material. 2. The outer wall of the hollow member 30 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the channel, and the outer wall of the hollow member 30 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the channel by a web member 36 extending parallel to the outer wall and the inner wall of the channel. Claim 1, which is connected to the inner wall.
Road unit described in section. 3. The hollow member 30 is attached to its outer wall and to the inner wall of the channel 20, with a plurality of parallel web members 84 spaced apart in a direction parallel to said outer and inner walls and extending in a direction perpendicular to said direction.
3. A road unit according to claim 2, wherein the road unit is connected to the inner wall of the channel by. 4. The road unit according to claim 3, wherein the parallel web member 84 is provided above the hollow member 30. 5. The parallel web member 84 is provided below the hollow member 30 and is connected to the hollow member across a platform member 90 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the lower side of the hollow member. Road unit listed. 6. A road unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising at least three parallel hollow members having a cylindrical cross section connected to the inner wall of the channel. 7 The central hollow member has an elliptical cross section that is long in the vertical direction, and its vertical diameter is longer than the vertical diameter of the two hollow members on both sides, and the lower end of the central hollow member is connected to the two hollow members on both sides. 7. A road unit according to claim 6, which extends downward from the lower end of the road unit. 8. The side plate 24 extends above the vehicle running surface of the road unit, and has a long plate member 40 provided on the inside in parallel with the side plate extending upward, and a top plate 38 connecting the upper ends of each side plate. Claims 1 to 7 are provided with side walls extending along the edges.
The road unit described in any of the paragraphs. 9. The side plate 24 is provided with an inclined side plate 26 which is inclined downwardly toward the inside of the bottom plate 22 of the road unit and connects the side plate 24 and the bottom plate 22.
A road unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10 The channel surrounds the hollow member and is filled with a coagulating material, and the upper surface thereof becomes a road surface.
The road unit according to any one of Items 1 to 9. 11. The road unit according to claim 10, wherein a rail is installed on the road surface. 12. The rails are provided in a groove member 80 which is coupled to extend perpendicularly over and across a parallel web member 84 provided above the hollow member 30 of each roadway unit. The road unit described in item 11. 13. Each road unit is supported at a position higher than the ground and is combined with a support structure that connects to an adjacent road unit and includes a support structure 44 for installation between the road units and a coupling device 46 provided thereon. , a road unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12. 14. The coupling device 46 has a bottom plate 48 provided at both ends with tongue-like members 62 projecting in the direction towards said adjacent ends, on which the adjacent ends of the adjacent road units rest;
A road unit according to claim 13. 15 The coupling device 46 has holes 5 which align with the holes 34 of the hollow members of the adjacent road units and join together.
15. A road unit according to claim 14, having a diameter of 8. 16. A road unit according to claim 15, wherein the coupling device 46 has a door 68 for changing the interior of the hollow member of the adjacent road unit.