JPS6350552A - Moquette pile - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a moquette pile of polyester fibers, and more specifically, as a moquette pile used for automobile seats, etc., the moquette pile has little change in gloss depending on the viewing angle, has good covering properties,
This invention relates to a moquette pile made of polyester fibers with good spreadability.

[Prior Art] Automotive interior materials such as car seats have gradually become more luxurious than the conventional leather-like materials, and nylon fibers and polyester fibers are now being used. In particular, the interior materials used for high-end cars are shifting from tricot to moquette-like interior materials to give a more luxurious feel. However, many problems have been pointed out by using conventional fibers as they are for moquette piles.

That is, the moquette pile has poor durability, covering properties, and opening properties in the raised state, and the gloss changes depending on the viewing angle. Furthermore, especially in the case of nylon fibers, light resistance is poor.

By changing from nylon fiber to polyester fiber in order to improve light resistance, light resistance was greatly improved and reached a satisfactory level, but other properties were also affected, such as the durability of raised naps, covering properties, and opening properties. However, the change in gloss depending on the viewing angle has not reached a satisfactory level.

On the other hand, various irregular cross-section fibers have been proposed so far. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-85436 relates to a flat cross-section fiber of 10 deniers or more having an animal hair-like pattern, and describes its use as pricking hair. others,
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-29626, which is a long cross-section fiber with a special texture and is knitted after false twisting; Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-29626 relates to fibers with irregular cross-sections having a high degree of color by combining napped F5
There is a publication No. 8-169541.

However, these applications do not describe the application of irregular cross-section fibers to moquette piles.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a moquette pile that satisfies the durability, covering property, opening property, and change in gloss depending on the viewing angle of the raised pile, which is made of fibers with a special irregular cross section.

In other words, as a result of intensive studies focused on optimizing the cross-sectional shape of the fibers, the present inventors found that by creating a special cross-section of fibers, moquette piles, particularly moquette piles for car seats, can be improved in raising properties, covering properties, opening properties, and The change in gloss depending on the viewing angle was significantly improved and a satisfactory level could be reached.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The object of the present invention is to provide a polyester fiber in which 85 mol% or more of the reversible units are ethylene terephthalate, and the fiber cross section has four or more apex portions, This is achieved by a moquette pile made of irregular cross-section fibers that have recesses inside the tangent line connecting adjacent apexes and have three or more recesses in the cross section of the fibers.

A feature of the present invention is that the cross section of the fibers constituting the moquette pile has four or more apex portions, and when tangents are drawn to mutually adjacent apex portions, three or more of the apex portions of the fiber cross section are lower than the tangent line. It exists within. Note that the fiber cross section in the present invention refers to a cross section when the fiber is cut in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis. By using fibers having such a fiber cross section for the moquette pile, changes in gloss depending on the viewing angle are reduced, and covering properties, opening properties, and nap durability are significantly improved.

In the present invention, the change in gloss depending on the viewing angle refers to the change in gloss in the pinched part, the unpicked part, and the intermediate part between the two when the moquette pile is slightly pinched, and the smaller the change in gloss, the better. Covering property refers to the difficulty in seeing the base fabric when making piles of the same weight and observing from the right angle direction of the moquette, or when observing from the right angle direction after slightly bending the moquette, and the bulky window of the pile yarn. In addition, the spreadability refers to the difficulty of entanglement between the single fibers that make up the napped portion, and the degree to which the fibers are spread out from each other. Generally, opening properties and covering properties are often used as synonyms, and those with good opening properties also have good covering properties. Furthermore, the durability of the nap refers to the degree of flattening of the nap and the amount of weight loss due to abrasion after repeated loads are applied, and the lower the value, the better.

Although the reason for the improvement in the change in gloss depending on the viewing angle in the present invention is not necessarily clear, it is presumed that the influence of the viewing angle is reduced as the amount of diffusely reflected light increases.

Furthermore, the improvement in opening properties and covering properties is thought to be due to the fact that the presence of a large number of apexes strengthens the effect of mutual exclusion. Furthermore, it is presumed that the durability of the nap is improved because the fibers having this cross-sectional shape have more bending resilience, so the degree of flattening of the nap due to load is reduced, and as a result, the durability is improved. It is considered that the effect of increasing the bending resilience of the fibers not only contributes to durability but also greatly contributes to improvement in spreadability due to resistance to entanglement.

Examples of the polyester fiber cross section forming the moquette pile of the present invention include those shown in FIG. preferable.

Among them, one particularly preferable cross section will be explained using FIG. 2. That is, the fiber cross section forming the moquette pile of the present invention has three linear cross sections A, B and C joined together as shown in FIG. The fiber has a special cross-sectional shape (π-shaped cross-section) in which two other linear cross-sectional parts B and C are joined in the same direction to the inner part of the fiber, as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the ratio L2/Ll is in the range of 0.3 to 1.5, and that the linear cross-sectional portions B and C are located inside the tangents S+ and S2. Here, Ll is the length of the cross section to the straight cross section, L2 is the length from the outer surface of the straight cross section A to the tips of the straight cross sections B and C, and Sl and S2 are the straight cross sections The tip portion of Δ on the side closer to each of the linear cross-sectional portions B and C and the tangent to each of the linear cross-sectional portions B and C are shown. If the L2/Ll ratio is less than 0.3 or more than 1.5, the above-mentioned effects of reducing changes in gloss depending on viewing angle, improving opening properties, covering properties, and durability of napping will be significantly reduced. The reason for this is that if it is less than 0.3, the legs of the cross section will open up and the shape will look like a flat cross section, and if it exceeds 1°5, the straight cross section parts B and C will become a river and become one body. This is thought to be due to the fact that it approaches .

More preferably, L2/L+ is 0.5 to 1.2.

The other two linear cross-section parts B and C for the linear cross-section part △
is not joined to the inside of the linear cross section A but to the tip, or the tip of the linear cross section A and the linear cross section B, C
If a part of the straight cross-section parts B and C protrudes outside the tangents Sl and S2 of each tip on the side that is not in contact with the front end of the straight cross-section part A, it is necessary to pass through the spinning process. (This may cause cracks to occur when applying crimps or a decrease in covering properties.

Further, it is preferable that the linear cross section be as straight as possible. This is because if the straight cross section A becomes curved like a U cross section, the stress when applying crimping will concentrate on the curved section, causing cracks in the cross section. This is because it becomes noticeable in some cases.

Furthermore, if the angles θ1 and θ2 formed by the intersection of the center line X to the linear cross-section and the centers Y1 and Y2 of the linear cross-sections B and C are 30 degrees or less, the durability of the raised nap and the covering property will be improved. becomes smaller. When forming a cross section in which the angles θ1 and θ2 are 120 degrees or more, the tips of the linear cross-sectional portions B and C are likely to join together during the spinning stage, resulting in a hollow cross-section, which is not preferable.

A more preferable range of θ1 and θ2 is 50 to 100 degrees.

It is preferable that the distance W between the contact points formed by the linear cross sections A, B, and C is in the range of 4 to 40 microns, and the depth H is in the range of 4 microns or more.

When W and H are each smaller than 4 microns, sufficient durability and covering performance cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, when W exceeds 40 microns, the luster becomes more glittery and when spun into yarn, the linear cross section B of each fiber becomes
, C tend to get stuck in the grooves of other fibers, resulting in poor covering properties, which is not preferable. A more preferable range of W is 5 to 3
It is 0 micron. The upper limit of H is not particularly limited, but if H is too large, uniformity will be impaired during spinning and it will be difficult to produce highly uniform fibers, so H is preferably 40 microns or less.

Another particularly preferable cross-sectional example is as shown in FIG. Examples include those whose minor axis is 1.3 or more and 3.0 or less. Incidentally, the major axis/minor axis is determined by Ml/M2 in FIG.

It is not clear why a cross-shaped cross section is suitable for a moquette pile, but it has four apexes and four concave parts, and the long axis/short axis satisfies 1.3 or more and 3.0 or less. It is presumed that this is because the long sleeves and short sleeves are clearly different.

When tangents are drawn to adjacent apexes, there are always four recesses, and preferably the distance between the tangents and the recesses (d in Figure 3) is 0.5 microns or more. If the long fi [ll/minor axis is less than 1.3, the covering property will decrease, and if it exceeds 3.0, the gloss will lose its mildness and the glare will become stronger, while at the same time the durability of the nap will decrease. .

Preferably, the major axis/minor axis is 1.4 or more and 2.5 or less.

In addition, from the viewpoint of gloss, the number of apexes and the number of recesses are preferably 6 or less and 5 or less, respectively.

The bossester that forms the moquette pile of the present invention is a polyester fiber in which 85% mole% or more of the repeating units are ethylene terephthalate, and in order to maintain the crushed dimensional stability and strength characteristics of the polyester fiber, orthochlorophenol is heated at 25°C. Intrinsic viscosity measured at 0.55
As mentioned above, polyester fibers having a strength of 4.0 y/d or more are preferable. Furthermore, short fibers are preferred in order to give the moquette a soft texture.

The polymers forming the polyester fibers include carboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, and trimellitic acid, and diols such as diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol. It may also contain one or more other copolymerization components in an amount not exceeding 15 mol % as a copolymerization component. If the copolymerization component exceeds 15 mol %, the excellent dimensional stability of the polyethylene terephthalate fiber will be impaired, which is not preferable.

Further, in addition to the catalyst, a coloring inhibitor, a matting agent, etc. may be added to the polymer in an amount not exceeding 2% by weight. In particular, it is preferable that the matting agent contains 1.0% or less of TiO2, more preferably 0.02 to 0.50% by weight, still more preferably 0.05 to 0.30% by weight.

If a material containing TiO2 in this range is used for moquette pile, it will not become dull in color and will not have glare.
This is preferable because it gives a calm and deep reflected light.Also, if the intrinsic viscosity of orthochlorophenol measured at 25°C is lower than 0.55, it will not be possible to maintain a sharp irregular cross-sectional shape during spinning, and the strength will decrease due to lower molecular weight. Also, the bending strength decreases significantly, causing damage to the fibers during the spinning process (reducing productivity, and further causing a decrease in abrasion strength and generation of frosting when used as a moquette). A more preferable range is an intrinsic viscosity of 0.60 or more. Although the upper limit of the intrinsic viscosity is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.7 or less in consideration of productivity during polymer production, thread reeling properties during the spinning process, etc.

If the strength is lower than 4.0y/d, and the strength and elongation product obtained by multiplying the strength and elongation is lower than 100, the flexural strength is 1.
In any case, if it is lower than 500, the number of scratches on the fiber increases during the spinning process, the abrasion strength of the product decreases, and frosting tends to occur. More preferred ranges include strength of 4.3 y/d or more, strength elongation product of 150 or more, and bending strength of 2000 times or more.

In the present invention, moquette is a general term for a napped fabric consisting of a nap and a base fabric, but it is particularly preferable to use a nap fabric with a nap length of 0°8M or more. It is more preferable that the moquette has the following characteristics.

Furthermore, moquette pile refers to the nap of the above-mentioned napped woven or knitted fabric, and in the present invention, the napped needs to be a fiber with a special irregular cross section, and furthermore, this fiber can be used in the base fabric as well.

The irregular cross-section fibers forming the moquette pile of the present invention are preferably short fibers. It is preferable that a degree of 10 to 20% is provided. Moreover, the preferable range of the fineness is 1.3 to 5.0 deniers,
More preferably, it is 1.8 to 4.0 deniers.

When the fineness is smaller than 1.3 denier, it becomes difficult to maintain the cross-sectional shape, and at the same time, the effect of improving the durability of the nap and opening property decreases. On the other hand, if the fineness exceeds 5.0 denier, the touch of the product tends to change from a dry touch to a rough touch, and the gloss tends to change from a pearly gloss to a glittering gloss, which is not preferable.

A specific method for producing polyester irregular cross-section fibers forming the moquette pile of the present invention will be described below.

That is, in the present invention, three linear slits are joined as shown in FIG. It can be manufactured by spinning, drawing, crimping, and cutting using a π-shaped nozzle having two slits b and c or a cross-shaped nozzle as shown in Fig. 6. .

Normal spinning conditions are used when spinning using a spinneret with the above-mentioned spinneret hole, but in order to reduce yarn breakage and yarn unevenness in the spun yarn, the draft rate is 400 or less.
Preferably, the spinning temperature is 20° C. or more higher than the softening temperature of the polymer, and a cooling zone is provided within 100 m from the spinneret surface.

The moquette pile may be manufactured by any commonly adopted method, such as the method for manufacturing pile warp piles represented by warp double weave, but in order to improve the quality and take advantage of the features of the present invention, the nap length is 0.8#. It is preferable to make it more than that.

The moquette of the present invention exhibits its effects even more when using single fibers, but in that case, normal conditions can be used for stretching, crimping, heat curing, and drying.

[Example] The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below.

The physical properties in the examples were measured as follows.

Δ, number of crimp lines, degree of crimp The number of crimp lines is determined by applying a load of 2 my/d to the short fiber using a crimp bullet measuring device and measuring the number of crimp ridges per 25 seconds. On the other hand, the degree of crimp is determined by measuring the length of the single fiber (La) under a load of 2 mg/d, then measuring the length of the fiber (Lb) under a load of 300 my/d for 30 seconds. Lb
The degree of crimp was calculated from -La)/La) xl 00.

B. Intrinsic viscosity Intrinsic viscosity measured at 25°C using ○-chlorophenol as a solvent.

Using the C0 fatigue-resistant tapered rotary compressor,
Number of rotations of test piece: 500 times, rotation speed: 70 rpm, load: 11
Kyx2 was determined by the difference in thickness between the front and rear rubber rings under the condition of 194 impact motions/min. Therefore, the smaller the difference, the better the settling resistance.

Example 1.2, Comparative Example 1.2 Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 and containing 0.10% by weight of TiO2 was prepared in Tables 1 and 5.6.
．． A cap with the hole shape shown in Figure 7 (however, the circular hole is not shown)
Spinning temperature 296°C using 200 holes for each spinneret
The discharge ♀ is spun under the conditions shown in Table 1, and then spun for 1100 m.
An undrawn yarn was obtained by taking it off at a speed of /min.

Each of the undrawn yarns was converged to form a subtow of 2.5 million denier in terms of drawn yarn, and the 10 subtows were further drawn to a total of 250,000 denier in a 95°C liquid bath at the ratio shown in Table 1. Then, after applying crimping, it was heat set at 125°C. It was further cut to 64 mm to obtain a single fiber.

The physical properties of the obtained single fibers are shown in Table 1.

Using these four types of raw cotton, 100% spun yarns were prepared using the same spinning conditions of 20/2. The spinnability of each raw cotton was almost the same, and no adverse effect on the spinnability was observed even when it was made into a π-shaped or cross-shaped cotton. Moreover, the physical properties of the spun yarns were also almost the same. This spun yarn was undyed at 130° C. for 60 minutes.

A moquette gray fabric was obtained by double weaving using the dyed spun yarn described above as pile yarn. This fabric was repeatedly shirred and brushed, and further subjected to backing and heat setting to obtain a pile with a pile density of 25 pieces/inch and a pile length of 3#. The texture and physical properties of each moquette were evaluated. The moquette made of the π-shaped cross-section fiber of Example 1 had good covering properties and opening properties, and almost no change in gloss was observed depending on the viewing angle. Furthermore, the durability was also good in the abrasion test.

Similar to the π-shaped cross-section fiber of Example 2, the oblate cross-section fiber of Example 2 obtained good results in terms of covering properties, texture, and abrasion tests, but it was slightly better than the π-shaped cross-section fiber in terms of opening properties. It was inferior.

The moquette made of circular cross-section fibers of Comparative Example 2 had poor opening properties, and in particular, the density of the naps after use was uneven, which caused the base fabric to grow, and the durability of the naps was poor, with almost no naps. I was in a bad mood. In addition, the gloss varied greatly depending on the viewing angle, giving it an appearance that lacked a luxurious feel.

The moquettes 1 to 1 made of the Y cross-section fibers of Comparative Example 1 (see Figure 4) had better coverage, durability of opening pile, and change in gloss depending on the viewing angle compared to moquettes made of circular cross-section fibers. Although the overall improvement was achieved, the durability of the pile due to abrasion and the change in gloss depending on the viewing angle were clearly inferior compared to Example 1.2.

Table 2 also shows the measurement results for resistance to settling. It is clear from Table 2 that Examples 1 and 2 have better resistance to settling than Comparative Examples 1.2.

Table 2 Effects of the Invention The moquette pile made of polyester fibers having the cross-sectional shape specified in the present invention not only has poor light resistance, which has been considered a drawback in the past, but also improves covering properties, fiber opening properties, and changes in gloss depending on the viewing angle. The reduction effect is remarkable, and in particular when using monofilament for automobile seats, it is possible to reduce the moquette pile used for luxury car seats by one thread.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows a cross section of the pile according to the present invention. Figures 2 and 3 are typical pile cross sections of the present invention. Figure 4 shows the cross section of a conventional pile. FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 show the shapes of the die holes for producing the pile fibers shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Patent applicant Toshi Co., Ltd. +11
(21+3) (4+Figure 1Figure 2Figure 6Figure 4Figure 5Figure 7

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A polyester fiber in which 85 mol% or more of the repeating units are ethylene terephthalate, the fiber cross section has four or more apexes, and a concave portion is located inside the tangent line connecting adjacent apexes. , and a moquette pile made of irregular cross-section fibers having three or more recesses in the fiber cross section. (2) The apex and recess of the irregular cross-section fiber are composed of three straight cross-sections A, B, and C, and the other two straight cross-sections B and C are straight with respect to the straight cross-section A. It is joined to the same side surface of the part that goes inward from the tip of the straight cross section A, and the outer surfaces of the straight cross sections B and C are connected to the front end of the straight cross section A and the straight cross section B and C. The moquette pile according to claim (1), characterized in that it is formed by a special cross-sectional shape that lies inside a tangent line formed by the outer surface. (3) The vertices and recesses of the irregular cross-section fibers are formed with a cross-shaped cross-sectional shape, and the recesses are both located inside the tangent line connecting adjacent vertices, and the major axis/minor axis is 1.3 or more, 3 .0 or less, the moquette pile according to claim (1).