JPS63501768A - - Subsurface culture support containing super absorbent particles and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of out-of-ground cultivation, and more precisely to a cultivation support comprising superabsorbant particles. According to a preferred embodiment, the support is comprised of an envelope (2) consisting of two sheets (3, 4) of polyethylene welded at their edges. The envelope comprises a layer of superabsorbant particles (8) provided between two sheets of cellulose wadding (9). When using the support, openings are made at regular intervals and cultivation plant-containing lumps of earth are inserted therein, and watering is carried out with nutrient solutions. Application for out-of-ground cultivation.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Surface properties containing super absorbent particles Cultivation support and its manufacturing method The present invention is applicable to the field of culture hors-sol. The present invention relates to a cultivation support that can be used for cultivation.

Off-surface cultivation methods offer numerous advantages, which explain their current development. It's clear.

A large number of devices have already been proposed for implementing this type of cultivation method.

7 Lance Patent No. 2,416,645 discloses a method of forming a strip containing a cultivation medium. A sealed envelope of root-pierceable material is described.

In use, a length of strip is spirally wrapped around the plant.

British Patent No. 97a588 discloses that a polyethylene film containing a cultivation medium, e.g. , in particular tubular, closed envelope-like objects are described. This envelope-like thing should be cultivated. An opening is provided into which the plant is inserted.

Another form of the invention, different from that described in the above patent specification, is to It is decided to manufacture a combined cloak.

Particularly rough or notched to increase contact with subsequent layers ° Covered with a base sheet of tissue paper and seeds attached by a suitable adhesive. The grains of this compressed peat are covered with a layer of compressed and dried peat. growing a plant on the ground, consisting of multiple layers forming a bed of seeds mixed with offspring There is a description of a mat designed to encourage This mat is yet another This is completed by applying a layer of adhesive followed by a layer of fibrous non-woven pile. child In this case, this pile protects the seeds.

WO8slo 1418 specification describes unoriented short fibers of lignocellulose. It consists of two cushions made of fiber, and these two overlapping cushions Mats are described in which the sections are bonded together by an adhesive.

Furthermore, referring to “super absorbent” particles, these are They absorb tens of times their weight. A detailed but not complete examination of these particles A discussion can be found in French Patent Application No. 2.544001. Especially this These particles provide better retention of body fluids in infant or adult hygiene products. used to guarantee. These super absorbents are also available for home or commercial use. Proposed for commercial cultivation purposes. Because they help plants grow It provides the advantage of storing water to which various elements can be added. however, As far as commercial applications in the field of off-surface cultivation are concerned, there are no practical applications for such particles. No mention is made of the equipment used. The above patent document includes super suction Devices using aspiration agents are not listed and should be used to remove such particles as effectively as possible. No method has been described or described to allow it to be added in such a way that it can be used effectively. do not have.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to contain super absorbents, especially for commercial or private use. The goal is to propose a support. The advantage of this device is that a wide variety of knee products can be Due to its low bulk, it saves significant transportation costs from the point of packaging to the point of use. to bring; - Because the weight of the dried medium is light, a thin film can be used as an envelope-like object. , thus being extremely economical; Regarding the single-gutter cultivation method, the super absorbent can also be used in the event of a malfunction of the drip watering system. Very clearly improved safety due to the resulting padding effect.

- Rapid and regular growth of plants resulting from constant supply of nutrient solution. Sakae Nutrients are continuously released by the super absorbent. This rapid growth is now It results in a 10 to 30% premature ripening compared to the modern methods used.

- extremely easy and rapid installation on the ground; - mobility of the device, i.e. The position is K after cultivation (in case of returning to an all-soil method or switching to a different density cultivation method) ) scales removed; - Effective and stable aeration of the roots due to the recommended super absorbent properties.

According to the invention, this cultivation support is characterized by super absorbent particles inside it. consisting of an envelope of waterproof material in which the layers are fixed and regularly distributed Out.

The waterproof envelope is made of a material that cannot be penetrated by roots, such as polyethylene. It may be made of two sheets fused together at both ends. this envelope-like thing The shape of the IJ tube is long in the longitudinal direction. It can take the form of a knit, ie a module.

Depending on the climatic conditions, this envelope can be black or, on the contrary, reflective. Good too. In all cases it may be translucent to light.

As already mentioned above, superabsorbent particles are well known in this technical field. and the invention is in no way limited to particular types of particles. Generally, this output French Patent Application No. λ543.001 by the same applicant Such particles can be used. However, among these polyacrylamide system particles, preferably anionic polyacrylamide to improve capillary action between particles. 1 to 20 parts by weight of finely powdered cationic polyacrylamide and It is advantageous to use it as a mixture of To ensure optimal plant growth , the substrate has a suitable air holding capacity, preferably greater than 10% of the volume of the substrate. must be provided.

Polyacrylamide hydrogel in air as shown in the attached table. Nippon Paper Industries was able to clarify the close relationship between porosity and the following two properties. -1) Polymer reticulation degree -2) Particle size of polymer particles.

Polyacrylamide particles, networked copolymer, polyacrylamide particles Reticulated copolymer.

Therefore, preferably recommended substrates are: or a fiber form with a diameter Q of 01 to aF2m and a length of 5 to 20cm. It should consist of a lyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid reticulated copolymer.

The surface material of the super absorbent layer is not critical, but the particles are regularly so that these particles retain their individuality and can swell without hindrance. It is necessary to distribute them separately from each other. 100 particles? or 800r /m”. Capillary action between super absorbent particles It is likewise possible to add particles or fibers to improve the for example, Mineral particles such as clay, bentonite, zeolite, or wood or cellulose natural fibers such as fibers, or synthetic fibers such as textile fibers, rock wool, etc. It is other.

The role of the above layer is to sufficiently diffuse irrigation water coming from periodic or drip-type watering equipment. The purpose of this is to facilitate wetting of the polymer.

The present invention also provides for envelopes of water-resistant material to form supports for out-of-ground cultivation. Super absorbent particles and two natural or synthetic fibers for combination with The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composite material of 0. This method is suitable for 0.2 to α5III+ Granules with a diameter of 11 and/or 0.027) to 2 m and a diameter of 5 to 2 m Super absorbent particles made of fibers with a length of 20 millimeters have adhesive ability to them. Partially wetted for application, these particles are distributed regularly onto one side of the sheet. then place the other sheet on top of the layer of Th particles, and both sheets It is characterized by compression.

The present invention also provides one or more openings in one surface of the envelope-like object. Insert one or more cultivated soil clods with plants in them and A method for using a cultivation support characterized by adding a nutrient solution necessary for growth shall be.

When the bag or rerollable strip is moistened, the polymer swells and fills its initial volume. It occupies 60 to 100 times the volume.

It is also a good idea to pre-mark the location of the openings that must be made on the support. You can also mark the cutting line. The holes also ensure the drainage of excess nutrient solution. You can also.

Other features and advantages of the present invention are as follows: will be better understood by reading the description and referring to the accompanying drawings. cormorant.

1 is a cross-sectional view of two types of cultivation supports according to the first variant of the present invention (Fig. 1A). Figure and Figure 1B).

- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an apparatus for producing the support according to FIG. 1A;

- Figure 2A shows super absorbent-support sheet composites other than those shown in Figure 2. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cultivation support according to a second variant of the invention.

Figure 4 further shows a cultivation support according to the second variant of the invention with a mulch film. A cross-sectional view of the holding body.

Further, FIG. 5 shows an apparatus for producing the support shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the support containing the plants, and FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the support containing the plants. Figure 6B shows a support in the form of a continuous strip or This figure shows a support made of a belt-like material or a strip-like material.

Layer 7 is a cross-sectional view of a support with a mulch film placed on the ground surface. .

Figure 8 has a mulch film placed on the ground containing irrigated plants. This is a cross-sectional view of two types of supports.

As shown in FIG. Consisting of According to a first embodiment (FIG. 1A), the envelope-like object 2 has a longitudinal end 5 and lateral ends (not shown) of two sheets 3 and 4, and according to a second embodiment (FIG. 1B), the envelope-like object 2 is made of polyester. The ethylene sheet 6 is bent and shaped by fusion welding the longitudinal ends 7. The polyethylene sheet 6 is then used for the envelope-like article shown in FIG. 1A. It has twice as many @s.

The interior of these envelopes 2 contains uniformly distributed particles 8 of super absorbent. It is rare. These particles are placed in a sandwich-like space between two supporting sheets 9. are packed in lullose fillings, and these are made of sheets of cellulose. Contact of the moistened super absorbent on the surface obtained by pre-wetting one sheet. It is fixed by taking advantage of its adhesive properties. If necessary, this sandwich structure may be calendered to improve fixity.

Synthetic materials such as urethane foam can be used as an alternative to cellulose-filled sheets. Sheet natural or synthetic fibrous structures or the like may also be used. this In case, fixation of particles is well known on one side of the sheet before attaching the particles. guaranteed by spraying adhesive or using heat bonding.

According to FIG. 2, which represents a first manufacturing method, a continuous strip 9 of cellulose filling is , moves on a transfer support (not shown). This system is applied from upstream to downstream of the production line. The drain 9 is wetted by the spraying device 1o and then the hopper 11 A layer 12 of agent particles 8 is deposited. The sheet is then passed through two compression rolls and a cover. The render passes between devices 13. One side of this device is an idler roller 161 C thereby providing a second sheet of cellulose filler over layer 12. in this way The sandwich structure formed is located above and below this structure, respectively. of two rollers 14 which are placed to bring the polyethylene sheets 3 and 4 respectively. can pass between. Finally, the heating roller 15 located at the longitudinal end 5 Fusion weld the ends of the two. Instead of forming an envelope immediately after the production of the complex, for cultivation It is also possible to produce the support in two stages. First of all, the composite is manufactured and then The envelope-forming process will be completed later as needed.

Figure 2A shows superabsorbent polymer particles placed on top of a film of cellulose filler. It is applied either thinly or sandwiched between two sheets of cellulose filling. Another method for producing a composite consisting of the following is exemplified. According to this method, the The inherent properties of the recommended polymer binder make it more effective at the beginning of the partially wetted phase. used. From upstream to downstream of the production line, super absorbent polymer is metered by metering equipment 41, the device deposits particles 42 onto a conveyor 43 in a uniform layer. distribution. The polymer particles are sprayed into a spray device 44 located above the conveyor. Particles of hydrated polymer are deposited onto the surface of the filler film 460. then , a second film 47 is applied to the surface of the polymer-cellulose filler composite and its The whole is then calendered between two rubber-coated press rollers 48. Ru.

The composite thus obtained is immediately formed into an envelope at the exit of the roller 48. Alternatively, the operation can be performed at a later stage.

Preferably, the wetting operation carried out by the atomizing device 44 is performed by This would correspond to an amount of 60% water. To optimize polymer adhesion, The period between wetting the polymer and spreading it onto the support is preferably between 5 and 60 Go to b within seconds.

Compared to the method of Figure 2, which consists in wetting the support and not wetting the polymer. The advantages of the above manufacturing method are that - Improved adhesion and polymer-cellulose filling on both sides of the sandwich structure be uniform throughout.

The wetting time of monopolymers is independent of the speed of paper movement, easily accelerating production rates. can proceed.

- Since the cellulose support is not directly wetted, it is often Unlike the previous method of using supports of ``CR++'', it is possible to ) film can be used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support 17 is similar to the support shown in FIG. 1A. Formed from two overlapping polyethylene sheets 18 fused together at each end. has been done. In the case shown in Figure 4, one of the sheets is more It is much wider and has a section 19 at one end which is used as a rooting film. and a strip 20 much narrower than the portion 19 projects from the other end. I'm looking forward to it.

Inside these envelopes are placed directly on the bottom sheet and glued together. is applied with a layer of super absorbent particles bound thereto. This layer is For example, it may be covered with a sheet 22 of cellulose padding to better distribute the liquid. It is.

According to FIG. 5, the polyurethane sheet 18 is coated with adhesive in a transfer and then Particles 21 of par absorbent are deposited by a hopper 24. cellulose filling The sheet 22 is formed into layer 2 by an idler roller 25 and two punch rollers 26. 1 (same method as in Figure 2 '1;). Next, the sheet 18 is moved to the roller 1 7 onto the sheet 22.

In the same manner as described in FIG. Fusion welded.

It is placed on flat soil and, if necessary, provided with drainage ditches as shown in Figure 7. The band-shaped part 19 is surrounded by this groove? covered. As shown in Figures 61, 6B and 8. The cultivation soil block 29 with the plants 30 planted therein is inserted into the slot 51 provided for this purpose. entered. The support can be an individual module 32 (FIG. 6A) or a continuous strip. 33 (Figure 6B).

Drip fertilization) Liquid nutrients are ensured by a pre-existing network (preferably of the capillary type). can be maintained. This network may be external and run along the length of the support. Includes distribution conduits. A capillary tube is installed above each conduit to supply the plants. Ru. Similarly, liquid distribution conduits are incorporated into the support so that said support is continuous. It is also possible to provide a complete device consisting of strips or strips of .

In particular, in the case shown in FIG. 8, the support, together with the mulch film, Any of the drains covered with the above films partially overlapped with each other placed on the side. The cultivated soil mass is then subjected to gel swelling which leads to the formation of the desired water retention capacity. Irrigated to allow moisture.

The present invention is of course not limited to the above description, but is based on the expertise of experts in this technical field. At home, modifications can be made without leaving the field of technology.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Inside it, a layer of super absorbent particles (8) is regularly distributed and deposited. characterized by comprising an envelope-like object (2) made of water-resistant material, A cultivation support (1, 17) used in the field of off-the-ground cultivation. 2. Super absorbent on a support sheet (9) consisting of a material that allows the diffusion of aqueous liquids. Cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of agent particles (8) is supported. Support for. 3. The layer of super absorbent particles (8) is covered by a second support sheet (9). A cultivation support according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4. The support sheet is of foam or natural or synthetic fibrous structure. Cultivation support according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: 5. Claim 4, characterized in that the support sheet is made of a cellulose filling. Cultivation support according to section. 6. Super absorbent particles can be used to moisten the particles, resulting in adhesive strength. Accordingly, any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that it is fixed to the support sheet. A support for cultivation using one of the following. 7. Super absorbent particles are distributed on the bottom sheet (18) of the waterproof envelope. and fixed with adhesive, then a sheet (2 2) A cultivation support according to claim 1, characterized in that it is covered with: 8. Granules in which the particles have a diameter of 0.5 to 4 mm or a diameter of 0.01 to 0 ．． 2 mm and a length of 5 to 20 mm. A cultivation support according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Super absorbent particles are based on polyacrylamide and their Claims 1 to 3 are characterized in that some of them are in cationic form, if necessary. A cultivation support according to any one of clause 8. 10. Super absorbent particles are distributed in an amount of 100g to 800g/m2. A cultivation support according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Holding body. 11. Particles or fibers with a layer of super absorbent particles to improve capillary action Any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is present as a mixture. A support for cultivation according to one of the following. 12. The supports can be isolated modules (32) or continuous strips or Any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it consists of a strip (33). A support for cultivation using one of the following. 13. One or more openings (31) are made in one of the surfaces of the envelope-like object. and one or more cultivated soil clods (29) with plants (30) in them are inserted. Claims 1 to 3, in which the water necessary for plant growth is added. Use of a cultivation support according to any one of clauses 12. 14. Particularly formulated into envelopes of waterproof material to form supports for out-of-ground cultivation. Based on super absorbent particles and two types of natural or synthetic fibers for A manufacturing method that involves producing a composite based on, in particular, a composite consisting of a cellulose filler. In the method, granules with a diameter of 0.5 to 4 mm and granules with a diameter of 0.01 to 4 mm are used. Super absorbent particles consisting of fibers of 0.2 mm and length 5 to 20 mm, These particles are made into sheets by partially moistening them to give them adhesive properties. on one of the particles and distributed regularly, and then the debris of the particles mentioned above. Features placing another sheet on top and applying compressive force between both sheets The said manufacturing method. 15. Add water in an amount between 15 and 60% of the wet to dry superabsorbent product. Manufacture according to claim 14, characterized in that it is obtained by a method of spraying. Method.