JPS6349087B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6349087B2 JPS6349087B2 JP58192539A JP19253983A JPS6349087B2 JP S6349087 B2 JPS6349087 B2 JP S6349087B2 JP 58192539 A JP58192539 A JP 58192539A JP 19253983 A JP19253983 A JP 19253983A JP S6349087 B2 JPS6349087 B2 JP S6349087B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- sliding
- segment
- shaft
- segments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/046—Bearings
- F04D29/047—Bearings hydrostatic; hydrodynamic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/046—Bearings
- F04D29/0465—Ceramic bearing designs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/26—Brasses; Bushes; Linings made from wire coils; made from a number of discs, rings, rods, or other members
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
本発明は、摺動材をセグメント状に分割して固
定側ケースに取り付けたすべり軸受に関し、特
に、起動時及び停止時に気体中におかれて無潤滑
条件下で運転され、定常運転時に水中又はスラリ
液中で運転される立軸ポンプ又は斜軸ポンプ等に
使用されるすべり軸受に関する。
従来、立軸ポンプや斜軸ポンプ等の水中軸受と
して使用されていたゴム軸受、鉛青銅軸受等は、
気体中、即ち無潤滑条件下でポンプを始動すると
き、摺動部から激しく発熱し軸受部が速やかに破
損されるので、そのままの状態では起動できず、
そのため、軸受摺動部へ潤滑油や潤滑水を供給し
て水中軸受を保護するための手段、即ち回転軸及
び水中軸受部の外側に保護管を設け、該保護管の
内部を通して軸受部に注水していた。
第１図は、従来の立軸ポンプの縦断面図であつ
て、１は外水位であり、羽根車２は、この外水位
に水没する位置に設置され、駆動用モータ３によ
り軸継手４、軸５，５′、中間軸継手６を介して
駆動される。水は吸込ベル７から吸い込まれ、吐
出ボウル８、吊下げ管９，１０を経て吐出エルボ
１１から吐出される。１２，１３は、軸５，５′
を保護し、上部注水口２０より上下の水中軸受１
４，１５へ潤滑水を導くための保護管であり、こ
れらの水中軸受１４及び１５は、水中軸受支え１
６及びリブ１７，１７′によりそれぞれ支持され
ている。ところが、上記のような立軸ポンプで
は、軸の長さが数10ｍにも及ぶことがあり、この
場合には、多数の水中軸受が用いられ、その間の
軸を保護管で保護しているので、ポンプ始動時に
おける水中軸受保護のために多大の設備費を強い
られる欠点があつた。
そこで、上記のような無潤滑条件下での起動及
びスラリ液中での定常運転などの悪条件下でも使
用できる軸受材料として、超硬合金やセラミツク
ス等が考えられるが、セラミツクスや超硬合金な
ど、圧縮強度の高い摺動部材を軸受の固定側ケー
スに取り付ける場合、第３図に示すように、これ
ら摺動部材を円筒リング摺動材２１とし、該円筒
リング摺動材２１を軸受側の金属ケース２２の内
側に焼嵌めによつて取り付けるのが一般的であつ
た。しかしこの方法では、軸径φDが異なるごと
に多種サイズの円筒リング摺動材２１が必要にな
り、それに伴つて金型費用が高価になるばかりで
なく、大きいサイズのものは製造上も困難であつ
た。そのため、円筒リング摺動材をセグメント状
に分割することが望まれるが、セラミツクスや超
硬合金などは硬度が極めて高く、ビス等で機械的
に固定する方法は価格的、技術的に問題があつ
た。
本発明の目的は、上記した従来技術の欠点を除
去することができ、清水中のみならずスラリ液中
においても、また気体中即ちポンプ始動時等にお
けるような無潤滑条件下でも、安定した摺動特性
をもち、しかも製作が容易で精度がよく、大型軸
受にも容易に適用できるすべり軸受を提供するこ
とにある。
この目的を達成するために、本発明は、回転軸
部材を超硬合金で、また固定側ケースに分割して
取り付けられる各セグメントとセラミツクスでそ
れぞれ構成すると共に、これらの各セグメントを
円柱体で形成し、孔溝を固定側ケース内面の半径
方向外方に設けた孔ぐりピツチサークル上に間隔
を隔てて穿設し、該孔溝に前記セグメントを滑り
面を残して焼嵌めによつて固定したことを特徴と
している。
以下、本発明を実施例によつて詳しく説明す
る。
先ず、本発明の特徴の一つとする、すべり軸受
の回転側及び固定側に使用される材料について説
明すると、立軸ポンプ又は斜軸ポンプ等の水中軸
受として使用されるすべり軸受における摺動部材
の組合せについて、各種材料の軸受／軸を各環境
下における実験により比較検討した結果、前記の
ような本発明のすべり軸受に使用される材料が最
も優れていることを見い出した。上記実験の結果
得られたデータを第１表に示す。
The present invention relates to a sliding bearing in which a sliding material is divided into segments and attached to a stationary case, and in particular, it is operated under non-lubricated conditions by being immersed in gas during startup and stopping, and submerged or submerged during steady operation. This invention relates to a sliding bearing used in a vertical shaft pump or a diagonal shaft pump operated in slurry liquid. Rubber bearings, lead bronze bearings, etc. that were conventionally used as submersible bearings in vertical shaft pumps, inclined shaft pumps, etc.
When starting a pump in gas, that is, without lubrication, the sliding parts generate intense heat and the bearings are quickly damaged, so the pump cannot be started in that state.
Therefore, there is a means to protect the underwater bearing by supplying lubricating oil or lubricating water to the sliding parts of the bearing. In other words, a protection tube is provided outside the rotating shaft and the underwater bearing, and water is injected into the bearing through the inside of the protection tube. Was. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical shaft pump, in which 1 is the outside water level, the impeller 2 is installed at a position submerged in this outside water level, and the drive motor 3 drives the shaft coupling 4 and the shaft. 5, 5', and an intermediate shaft joint 6. Water is sucked in through the suction bell 7, passes through the discharge bowl 8, hanging pipes 9 and 10, and is discharged from the discharge elbow 11. 12 and 13 are shafts 5 and 5'
The underwater bearings 1 above and below the upper water inlet 20
4 and 15, and these underwater bearings 14 and 15 are connected to the underwater bearing support 1.
6 and ribs 17, 17', respectively. However, in the vertical shaft pumps mentioned above, the length of the shaft can reach several tens of meters, and in this case, many submersible bearings are used, and the shafts between them are protected by protective tubes. The disadvantage was that a large amount of equipment was required to protect the underwater bearings when the pump was started. Therefore, cemented carbide and ceramics can be considered as bearing materials that can be used even under adverse conditions such as startup under non-lubricated conditions and steady operation in slurry liquid as described above. When attaching sliding members with high compressive strength to the fixed side case of a bearing, as shown in FIG. It was common to attach it to the inside of the metal case 22 by shrink fitting. However, with this method, various sizes of cylindrical ring sliding members 21 are required for different shaft diameters φD, which not only increases the mold cost but also makes it difficult to manufacture large sizes. It was hot. Therefore, it is desirable to divide the cylindrical ring sliding material into segments, but ceramics, cemented carbide, etc. have extremely high hardness, and the method of mechanically fixing them with screws, etc. is problematic in terms of cost and technology. Ta. An object of the present invention is to be able to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide stable sliding properties not only in fresh water but also in slurry liquid, and even under non-lubricated conditions such as in gas, ie, when starting a pump. The object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing that has dynamic characteristics, is easy to manufacture, has good precision, and can be easily applied to large bearings. In order to achieve this object, the present invention consists of a rotating shaft member made of cemented carbide, each segment that is separately attached to the stationary side case, and ceramics, and each segment formed of a cylindrical body. Then, hole grooves were bored at intervals on the hole pitch circle provided radially outward on the inner surface of the case on the fixed side, and the segments were fixed in the hole grooves by shrink fitting, leaving a sliding surface. It is characterized by Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples. First, to explain the materials used for the rotating and stationary sides of a sliding bearing, which is one of the features of the present invention, this is a combination of sliding members in a sliding bearing used as a submersible bearing for a vertical shaft pump or a diagonal shaft pump. As a result of comparing bearings/shafts made of various materials through experiments under various environments, it was found that the material used for the sliding bearing of the present invention as described above is the most excellent. Table 1 shows the data obtained as a result of the above experiment.
【表】
ステンレス鋼……SuS304ステンレス鋼
超硬合金……90％以上のWCを含有するJIS
H550 Ｇ種３号品
硬質肉盛材……35％のWCを含む
スラリー水……平均粒径80μ・最大粒径100μの
SiO2を0.3重量％含む水
スラリー河川水……川砂0.3重量％＋0.3重量％
Al2O3（max100μ・av80μ）を含む水
海水＋スラリ……av80μ、max100μのSiO2を0.3
重量％を含む海水
第１表中No.１，２が本発明のすべり軸受の構成
材料（その中の二つ）であり、No.３〜９が従来の
軸受材料の組合せ及び比較試験のための軸受材料
の組合せである。
なお、評価の欄の記号は、それぞれ
◎…充分な耐久性がある。（16000時間以上）
〇…実用上使用可能（8000時間以上）
△…条件により使用可能
×…使用不能
を意味し、摩擦係数、耐摩耗性、耐焼付性等の諸
因子を総合的に評価した結果を示すものである。
また第２図は、横軸に運転時間、縦軸に摩擦係
数をとつた軸受の摺動特性を示す線図であつて、
摺動速度2.5m／ｓ、面圧はゴム軸受―ステンレ
ス鋼SUS304については6.3Kgｆ／cm2（×印の記号
で表わす）、窒化珪素セラミツクス軸受―超硬合
金（90％WC）については67Kgｆ／cm2（〇印の記
号で表わされた本発明１）、炭化珪素セラミツク
ス軸受―超硬合金（90％WC）については67Kg
ｆ／cm2（本発明２）及び42Kgｆ／cm2（本発明2′）
をそれぞれとつている。
前記の第１表及び第２図から明らかなように、
本発明のすべり軸受における回転軸部材と固定側
ケースをそれぞれタングステンカーバイドを含む
超硬合金と窒化珪素セラミツクス又は炭化珪素セ
ラミツクスとした摺動面は、空気中、清水中、或
いは珪砂、アルミナ粒子を含むスラリ液中におい
ても極めて安定した摺動特性を示すものであるこ
とが分かる。そして、この種のすべり軸受におい
ては、軸スリーブの外周面と軸受部材の内周面と
が僅かの隙間をもつて支持されており、回転によ
つて生じる軸の半径方向の振れを、軸スリーブの
外周面を軸受内周面に摺接させることによつて制
限するものであるので、実際に摺接する個所は部
分的であり、したがつて、上記本考案の軸受側セ
ラミツクス材をセグメント状に分割しても摺動特
性上特に差異はみられない。また、窒化又は炭化
珪素セラミツクスは、引張強度、もろさ、線膨脹
率などの機械的性質から、できるだけ取付け容易
なしかも固定側の摺動面に用いられる。なお、本
発明の回転軸部材に使用される超硬合金は、90重
量％以上のタングステンカーバイド（WC）を含
むものであれば、第１表及び第２図に示される良
好で且つ安定した摺動特性をもつものであり、ま
た上記タングステンカーバイドに代えてチタンカ
ーバイド（TiC）、クロームカーバイド（Cr3C2）
が主成分の超硬合金でも、同様の効果が奏され
る。
次に、上記して軸受材料を用いた本発明のすべ
り軸受の実施例を図面と共に説明する。
第４ａ図は、本発明の一実施例のすべり軸受の
要部断面図であり、第４ｂ図は第４ａ図の―
線断面図であつて、軸受ハウジング内側に取り付
けられる金属ケース２２の内面（直径φD）の半
径方向外方に設けた孔ぐりピツチサークル（直径
P.C.D）上に間隔を隔てて等間隔に断面円弧（全
円周の半分より大きい優弧をなしている。）状の
孔溝（直径φd）２３が穿設されており、これら
の孔溝２３内には、窒化珪素又は炭化珪素等のセ
ラミツクスからなる円柱セグメント摺動材２４が
滑り面を残して焼嵌めによつて固定されている。
この実施例によれば、前記セラミツクスからな
るセグメント２４を円柱状に形成しているので、
例えば、第５図に示すように該セグメントを断面
長方形に形成したもの、或いは第６図に示すよう
に断面台形に形成したものが何れも(i)締代に必要
な精度を出す金属ケース２２の溝加工が難しく加
工費用が高価になり、(ii)内径公差を設計寸法内に
するための金属ケース２２の加工が難しく、内径
の再研磨が必要な場合があるなどの欠点がみられ
るのに対して、上記本発明の実施例のものでは、
次のような効果が奏される。
(i) セグメントの断面形状が円であるため、焼嵌
めの締代精度が容易に得られる。
(ii) セグメント断面形状が円であるため、軸受内
径公差をおさえるために金属ケース２２の孔ぐ
りピツチサークル径Ｐ、Ｃ、Ｄをおさえればよ
く、したがつて製作が容易で内径再研摩も不要
である。
(iii) 精度が良く、信頼性の高いセグメント構造を
少ない加工工数で提供できる。
(iv) セラミツクス製の各円柱体セグメントは軸側
外周面２５と線接触に近い状態で摺動するの
で、該軸受装置が、例えばポンプ始動時、無潤
滑下で運転される時の、即ち気中運転時の発熱
を低下させる効果がある。このことは軸側に超
硬合金をまた軸受側にセラミツクス材を使用し
て、線接触により部分的に非常に高くなつた面
圧に十分耐えることができるようになつたから
である。
(v) セラミツクス製円柱体セグメントを孔溝に焼
嵌めによつて固定するようにしたことにより、
例えば気中運転時の発熱が仮りにセグメントに
伝わつたとしても、固定側ケースとセラミツク
ス製セグメントとの接触面での熱膨脹差による
すべりの自由度が、接着剤で固定した場合より
大きくとれるので、該セラミツクス製セグメン
トの破損の恐れが少なく従つて、固定側ケース
とセラミツクス製セグメントとの熱膨脹係数の
差などによる使用温度範囲の制限がなくなる。
(vi) 該軸受装置を第７図に示すような水中軸受に
使用した場合、円柱セグメント状に分割された
各セラミツクス片間の比較的広い間隙にポンプ
揚水が流れるため、取扱液中の異物が軸方向に
流れ摺動面へのかみ込みが減少し、前記軸受構
成材料と相俟つて耐摩耗性が更に向上する。
(vi) セグメント状に分割することにより、セラミ
ツクス単体としては小さなものですむので、大
型の軸受にも適用でき、信頼性を高め、しかも
コストを下げることができる。
第７図は、第１図に示した従来の立軸ポンプに
本発明のすべり軸受を適用した場合の縦断面図で
あつて、第１図における保護管１２，１３、注水
口２０と図示していない注水装置及び下部水中軸
受１５を支えるリブ１７等が不要となつたので設
けられておらず、極めて簡単な構造となつてお
り、しかも上下の両水中軸受１４，１５が従来の
ものと比べて極めて小型になつていることが分か
る。このことは、第２図からも明らかなように、
本発明のすべり軸受材料は極めて高い面圧荷重
（従来の10倍以上）にも耐えることから、摺動面
積を小さくすることが可能になつたからである。
第８ａ図は、第７図Ａ部の水中軸受部の拡大断
面図、第８ｂ図は第８ａ図の―線断面図であ
つて、図中、３０は軸５′に固着された超硬合金
製軸スリーブ、２２は軸受支え１６に取り付けら
れた金属ケースを示している。
以上は、主として立軸ポンプの水中軸受に本発
明を適用した例について述べたが、斜軸ポンプや
その他の水力機械のすべり軸受として利用しても
同様の作用効果を奏するものである。
以上説明したように、本発明は前述した構成か
らなつているので、清水中のみならず、スラリ液
中においてもまた気体中即ちポンプ始動時等にお
けるような無潤滑条件下でも安定した摺動特性を
もち、またセラミツクスは高絶縁性を有するので
軸とケーシングの電位差腐食をこの軸受の採用で
防ぐことが可能となつて耐食性が向上し、しかも
製作が容易で精度がよく、大型軸受にも容易に適
用することができる。[Table] Stainless steel...SuS304 stainless steel cemented carbide...JIS containing 90% or more WC
H550 G class No. 3 hardfacing material...Slurry water containing 35% WC...Average particle size 80μ, maximum particle size 100μ
Water slurry river water containing 0.3% by weight of SiO 2 ... River sand 0.3% by weight + 0.3% by weight
Water containing Al 2 O 3 (m a x100μ・av 80μ) Seawater + slurry... av80μ, max100μ SiO 2 0.3
Seawater containing % by weight In Table 1, Nos. 1 and 2 are the constituent materials (two of them) of the sliding bearing of the present invention, and Nos. 3 to 9 are for combinations and comparative tests of conventional bearing materials. This is a combination of bearing materials. Note that the symbols in the evaluation column are ◎...sufficient durability. (16,000 hours or more) 〇...Practically usable (8,000 hours or more) △...Can be used depending on conditions ×...Means unusable, and various factors such as friction coefficient, wear resistance, seizure resistance, etc. were comprehensively evaluated. This shows the results. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the sliding characteristics of a bearing, with the operating time on the horizontal axis and the friction coefficient on the vertical axis.
The sliding speed is 2.5 m/s, and the surface pressure is 6.3 Kgf/cm 2 for rubber bearings - stainless steel SUS304 (represented by the symbol x), and 67 Kgf/cm 2 for silicon nitride ceramic bearings - cemented carbide (90% WC). cm 2 (invention 1 represented by the symbol ○), 67Kg for silicon carbide ceramic bearings - cemented carbide (90% WC)
f/cm 2 (invention 2) and 42Kgf/cm 2 (invention 2')
are taken respectively. As is clear from Table 1 and Figure 2 above,
In the sliding bearing of the present invention, the rotating shaft member and the stationary side case are each made of a cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide and silicon nitride ceramics or silicon carbide ceramics, and the sliding surfaces are in air, clean water, or contain silica sand or alumina particles. It can be seen that it exhibits extremely stable sliding characteristics even in slurry liquid. In this type of plain bearing, the outer circumferential surface of the shaft sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the bearing member are supported with a slight gap between them, and the shaft sleeve absorbs the radial runout of the shaft caused by rotation. Since the outer circumferential surface of the bearing is limited by slidingly contacting the inner circumferential surface of the bearing, the actual sliding contact is only partial. Even when divided, there is no particular difference in sliding characteristics. In addition, nitride or silicon carbide ceramics are used for the sliding surface on the fixed side because of their mechanical properties such as tensile strength, fragility, and coefficient of linear expansion, so that they can be installed as easily as possible. The cemented carbide used in the rotating shaft member of the present invention has good and stable sliding properties as shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, as long as it contains 90% by weight or more of tungsten carbide (WC). It has dynamic properties, and titanium carbide (TiC) and chrome carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) can be used instead of the tungsten carbide mentioned above.
A similar effect can be achieved with cemented carbide whose main component is Next, an embodiment of the sliding bearing of the present invention using the above-mentioned bearing material will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 4a is a sectional view of a main part of a sliding bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4b is a -
This is a line cross-sectional view showing the hole pitch circle (diameter
Hole grooves (diameter φd) 23 having a circular arc cross section (forming an arc larger than half of the total circumference) are bored at equal intervals on the PCD), and these hole grooves 23 Inside, a cylindrical segment sliding member 24 made of ceramics such as silicon nitride or silicon carbide is fixed by shrink fitting with a sliding surface remaining. According to this embodiment, since the segment 24 made of ceramics is formed into a cylindrical shape,
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the segment has a rectangular cross-section, or as shown in FIG. 6, it has a trapezoidal cross-section. (ii) It is difficult to process the metal case 22 to bring the inner diameter tolerance within the design dimensions, and the inner diameter may need to be re-ground. On the other hand, in the above embodiment of the present invention,
The following effects are produced. (i) Since the cross-sectional shape of the segment is circular, the tightness accuracy of shrink fitting can be easily obtained. (ii) Since the segment cross-sectional shape is circular, it is only necessary to suppress the hole pitch circle diameters P, C, and D of the metal case 22 in order to suppress the bearing inner diameter tolerance, so manufacturing is easy and there is no need to re-sharpen the inner diameter. It is. (iii) A highly accurate and reliable segment structure can be provided with fewer processing steps. (iv) Since each cylindrical body segment made of ceramics slides in a state close to line contact with the shaft side outer circumferential surface 25, the bearing device is operated without lubrication, such as when starting the pump, that is, when the bearing device is operated without lubrication, that is, when the bearing device is It has the effect of reducing heat generation during medium operation. This is because by using cemented carbide on the shaft side and ceramic material on the bearing side, it has become possible to sufficiently withstand the surface pressure that is locally extremely high due to line contact. (v) By fixing the ceramic cylindrical segment into the hole groove by shrink fitting,
For example, even if heat generated during air operation is transmitted to the segment, the degree of freedom of sliding due to the difference in thermal expansion at the contact surface between the fixed side case and the ceramic segment is greater than when fixed with adhesive. There is little risk of breakage of the ceramic segment, and there is no restriction on the operating temperature range due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the stationary case and the ceramic segment. (vi) When this bearing device is used in an underwater bearing as shown in Fig. 7, the pumped water flows through a relatively wide gap between each ceramic piece divided into cylindrical segments, so that foreign matter in the handled liquid is prevented. The flow in the axial direction is less likely to get caught in the sliding surface, and together with the bearing constituent material, the wear resistance is further improved. (vi) By dividing into segments, the ceramic itself can be small, so it can be applied to large bearings, improving reliability and reducing costs. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional vertical shaft pump shown in FIG. 1 in which the sliding bearing of the present invention is applied, and the protective tubes 12, 13 and water inlet 20 in FIG. The water injection device and the rib 17 that supports the lower underwater bearing 15 are no longer needed, so the structure is extremely simple, and both the upper and lower underwater bearings 14 and 15 are smaller than conventional ones. It can be seen that it has become extremely small. This is clear from Figure 2,
This is because the sliding bearing material of the present invention can withstand extremely high surface pressure loads (more than 10 times that of conventional bearings), making it possible to reduce the sliding area. Fig. 8a is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the submersible bearing part in part A of Fig. 7, and Fig. 8b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - - in Fig. 8a, where 30 is a cemented carbide fixed to the shaft 5'. The shaft-making sleeve 22 indicates a metal case attached to the bearing support 16. The above description has mainly been about an example in which the present invention is applied to a submersible bearing for a vertical shaft pump, but similar effects can be obtained even when the invention is used as a sliding bearing for a diagonal shaft pump or other hydraulic machines. As explained above, since the present invention has the above-described structure, it has stable sliding characteristics not only in fresh water but also in slurry liquid and even in gas, that is, under non-lubricated conditions such as when starting the pump. In addition, since ceramics have high insulating properties, it is possible to prevent potential difference corrosion between the shaft and casing by using this bearing, improving corrosion resistance.In addition, it is easy to manufacture and has good precision, making it easy to manufacture large bearings. It can be applied to
第１図は従来の立軸ポンプの縦断面図、第２図
は軸受の摺動特性を示す線図、第３図は従来のす
べり軸受の横断面図、第４ａ図は本発明のすべり
軸受の一実施例の要部断面図、第４ｂ図は第４ａ
図の―線断面図、第５図及び第６図は説明用
図面、第７図は本発明のすべり軸受を適用した立
軸ポンプの縦断面図、第８ａ図は第７図Ａ部の拡
大断面図、第８ｂ図は第８ａ図の―線断面図
である。
５′…回転軸、１６…軸受支え、２２…金属ケ
ース、２３…セグメント用孔溝、２４…円柱セグ
メント摺動材。
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical shaft pump, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the sliding characteristics of the bearing, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional plain bearing, and Fig. 4a is a cross-sectional view of the plain bearing of the present invention. A sectional view of the main part of one embodiment, Fig. 4b is a sectional view of the main part of one embodiment.
5 and 6 are explanatory drawings, FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a vertical shaft pump to which the sliding bearing of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 8a is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A in FIG. 7. FIG. 8b is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 8a. 5'...Rotating shaft, 16...Bearing support, 22...Metal case, 23...Segment hole groove, 24...Cylindrical segment sliding material.
Claims (1)
ースに取り付けたすべり軸受において、回転軸部
材を超硬合金で、また固定側ケースに分割して取
り付けられる各セグメントをセラミツクスでそれ
ぞれ構成すると共に、これらの各セグメントを円
柱体で形成し、孔溝を固定側ケース内面の半径方
向外方に設けた孔ぐりピツチサークル上に間隔を
隔てて穿設し、該孔溝に前記セグメントを滑り面
を残して焼嵌めによつて固定したことを特徴とす
るすべり軸受。 ２ 回転軸部材をタングステンカーバイドを含む
超硬合金で、また軸受側ケースに分割して取り付
けられる各セグメントを窒化珪素又は炭化珪素の
セラミツクスでそれぞれ構成した特許請求の範囲
第１項記載のすべり軸受。[Claims] 1. In a sliding bearing in which a sliding member is divided into segments and attached to a stationary case, the rotating shaft member is made of cemented carbide, and each segment that is divided and attached to the stationary case is made of ceramic. Each of these segments is formed of a cylindrical body, and hole grooves are bored at intervals on a hole pitch circle provided radially outward on the inner surface of the fixed side case, and holes are formed in the hole grooves. A sliding bearing characterized in that the segments are fixed by shrink fitting, leaving a sliding surface. 2. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft member is made of a cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide, and each segment that is separately attached to the bearing side case is made of silicon nitride or silicon carbide ceramics.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19253983A JPS6084423A (en) | 1983-10-17 | 1983-10-17 | Sliding bearing |
| AU32968/84A AU579834B2 (en) | 1983-09-30 | 1984-09-12 | Combination of slide members |
| US06/651,039 US4664595A (en) | 1983-09-30 | 1984-09-14 | Combination of slide members |
| DE3435821A DE3435821C2 (en) | 1983-09-30 | 1984-09-28 | Bearing for a pump |
| KR1019840006058A KR930002055B1 (en) | 1983-09-30 | 1984-09-29 | Active part combined structure of bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19253983A JPS6084423A (en) | 1983-10-17 | 1983-10-17 | Sliding bearing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6084423A JPS6084423A (en) | 1985-05-13 |
| JPS6349087B2 true JPS6349087B2 (en) | 1988-10-03 |
Family
ID=16292954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19253983A Granted JPS6084423A (en) | 1983-09-30 | 1983-10-17 | Sliding bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6084423A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62200017A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-03 | Toshiba Corp | Sliding member |
| JPH0339616Y2 (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1991-08-21 | ||
| KR100471553B1 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2005-03-08 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | A Segmented Pin Type Journal Bearing for Water Lubricated Canned Motor Pump |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6081517A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1985-05-09 | Ebara Corp | Submersible bearing |
-
1983
- 1983-10-17 JP JP19253983A patent/JPS6084423A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6081517A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1985-05-09 | Ebara Corp | Submersible bearing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6084423A (en) | 1985-05-13 |
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