JPS6340757B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A discharge chamber is provided at the bottom of the bulk material silo, and the bulk material flowing out of the bulk material silo is passed through the discharge chamber, for example, for subsequent homogenization of the bulk material, or for simply disassembling the bulk material. It is well known to improve the flow conditions of materials. In such cases, the discharge chamber is provided with an aeration device for fluidizing the bulk material or silo storage and with an exhaust device for removing the pressure in the discharge chamber and conveying the fluidizing air. The level of silo storage in the discharge chamber may vary depending on inflow and outflow conditions. Even if the height of the discharge chamber is set so that there is no silo stored material above the point where the exhaust system is connected during normal operation, if there is a problem with the inflow rate, the silo stored material will be removed from the exhaust opening. cannot be accurately prevented from reaching and overflowing. Such inflows occur particularly when the silo discharge path is suddenly closed. If the aeration system of the silo and/or the discharge chamber is turned off at the same time as the discharge path from the discharge chamber is closed, the fluidized silo stock will flow from the silo into the discharge chamber and the level of the silo stock will be reduced. Increase. It is uneconomical to increase the height of the discharge chamber so that complete filling can never occur even under adverse circumstances. When the level of silo storage in the discharge chamber reaches the exhaust openings, prevent the silo storage from flowing into the exhaust path communicating with these exhaust ports with air from the discharge chamber and blocking the exhaust path. for,
The discharge path shall be designed so that the silo stock is returned to the discharge chamber as quickly as possible.
Three configurations that take this requirement into consideration are conventionally known. According to a first configuration, the evacuation channel is formed as a tube rising vertically from the evacuation chamber. The inflowing silo stock can easily fall from the pipe into the discharge chamber. The silo according to German Patent No. 2619993 has such a construction. In this silo,
The exhaust pipe of the vacuum chamber downstream of the mixing chamber opens into the upper part of the main silo chamber, which is adapted to also be used as an exhaust device for part of the discharge path of the silo store.

According to the second configuration, the evacuation chamber is arranged in the center of the silo bottom and is connected to the silo wall via an evacuation chamber having a considerably large volume; The lower end of the top is also connected to the discharge chamber, and at the silo wall the exhaust system generally communicates with the silo upper chamber or its dust removal system. The exhaust chamber is evacuated through an upper communication hole located between the exhaust chamber and the exhaust chamber. The silo stored material that has flowed into the exhaust chamber through this communication hole settles in the exhaust chamber due to the large volume of the exhaust chamber, and is returned to the discharge opening through the lower opening. Such a configuration is suitable when the discharge chamber is provided within the silo chamber, whereas the third configuration is suitable only when the discharge chamber is provided separately from the main silo chamber.
According to this third configuration, a filter is provided in the discharge chamber, and the stored material that has flowed into the discharge chamber falls through the filter and is returned to the discharge chamber.

These known configurations are relatively costly.
In particular, when the discharge chamber is disposed in the silo chamber mentioned above, static pressure acts on it, so it is necessary to make the discharge chamber particularly strong.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reduce the cost required for evacuation of the evacuation chamber.

The invention starts from known bulk silos in which an exhaust pipe with a small cross-sectional area extends to the pneumatic chute of the discharge path of the silo store, which is provided outside the discharge chamber, and The discharge gate valve of the discharge path and the shutoff gate valve of the exhaust pipe are provided outside the discharge chamber, and the discharge gate valve and the shutoff gate valve are configured to be controlled synchronously.

According to the invention, the exhaust pipe can be guided along a desired path to a very close depressurization point or pressure relief point without having to make adjustments in position and shape as in conventional designs.

According to the conventional understanding, it was necessary to take into consideration that if the silo stored material flows into the exhaust pipe due to overflow of the discharge chamber, the exhaust pipe would be suddenly blocked. This can be prevented by means of a shut-off gate valve which is controlled synchronously with the discharge gate valve, based on the following effects: If the fluidized storage material flows from the silo room into the discharge chamber after the chamber discharge section is abruptly closed, an uncontrolled rise in the level of the silo stored material in the discharge chamber will cause the discharge chamber to This only occurs if the pressure is constantly removed and compensation of the amount of silo storage entering the discharge chamber takes place via the exhaust pipe. In the present invention, this compensation is prevented by closing the exhaust pipe. The silo stock entering the discharge chamber therefore increases the pressure within the discharge chamber, and this pressure increase is opposed with increasing resistance as the level of the silo stock rises further, so that the silo stock is discharged. There is almost no room overflow. Of course, the closure element to be provided in the exhaust pipe or pressure reducing pipe cannot be installed in the immediate vicinity of the inlet opening of the exhaust pipe, which is normally connected to the upper part of the discharge chamber, but only outside the discharge or silo chamber. Therefore, a considerable length of the pressure reducing pipe is not protected. If the volume of the exhaust pipe is large, the above-mentioned effect may become ineffective since a sudden increase in pressure within the exhaust pipe is prevented. but,
Since the exhaust pipe according to the invention has a small cross-sectional area, the increase in pressure in the exhaust chamber is practically unhindered.

By designing the exhaust pipe as a pipe with a small cross-sectional area, the equipment costs associated with evacuation of the exhaust chamber are significantly reduced.

It is preferable that the exhaust pipe is installed directly in the discharge path of the silo storage material. Since the discharge path of the silo store is generally located directly below the discharge chamber, this minimizes the length of the exhaust pipe. After that, the silo storage discharge path is responsible for further conveying the decompressed air to the attached exhaust device, and especially receives some silo storage that has entered the exhaust pipe, and this silo storage is over the length of the exhaust pipe. Due to its short length and the effect of decompressed air, it is unlikely to get stuck in the exhaust pipe.

In this connection, it is particularly useful to direct the exhaust pipe substantially vertically downward, since the removal of any incoming silo material is facilitated by the action of gravity. For this reason, it is particularly advantageous if the exhaust pipe is free of constrictions.

Other advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of an embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

The silo 2 is provided with a bottom part 3, and the bottom part 3 is raised so that the lower part thereof becomes a vacant space. An outflow chamber 4 is formed in the silo chamber 1 at the center of the bottom 3. Outflow chamber 4 includes discharge chamber 5 .
A number of inlets 6 are disposed along the outer circumference at the bottom of the outflow chamber 4, and the silo storage material, that is, bulk material, is brought into a fluid state through an aeration device 7 at the bottom of the silo chamber 1 and the discharge chamber 5, and the silo is Stored material flows from the silo chamber 1 into the discharge chamber 5 through these inlets 6. At this time, an upper surface 8 of the bulk material is formed inside the discharge chamber 5, and an upper portion of the discharge chamber 5, that is, an upper chamber 9 is formed above the upper surface 8 of the bulk material.
The silo store is discharged from the outlet chamber 4 through an outlet opening 10 having an outlet gate valve 11 . A pneumatic chute 12 is connected to the discharge gate valve 11 for guiding the bulk material to a predetermined location, such as a loading device.
The outflow opening 10, the discharge gate valve 11 and the pneumatic chute constitute a discharge path for the silo store. If the bottom of the silo 2 is left empty, the loading device may be placed directly below the outflow chamber 4. The pneumatic chute 12 is formed, as is well known, by a lower case 14 connected to a source of compressed air 13 and an upper case 15 separated from the lower case by a perforated plate 16 and forming a feed cross section. The fluidized bed of silo storage is supported by the lower part 17 of the upper case 15. A free section 18 is formed above the lower part 17 through which fluidized air flows to an exhaust device or exhaust filter 19, which may be of known construction.

A vertically mounted exhaust pipe 20 of constant cross-sectional area extends from the upper chamber 9 of the exhaust chamber 5 to the pneumatic chute 12. Immediately below the outlet from the silo structure, a shut-off gate valve 2 is now set to two extreme states, namely "open" and "closed".
1 is installed in the exhaust pipe 20. The exhaust pipe 20 continues (see FIGS. 2 and 3) without changing direction to a stabilization vessel 22, at the bottom of which an aeration device 23 is provided, which Forms part of chute 12. The opening 24 of the exhaust pipe or vacuum pipe 20 is shielded by a roof-like buttful 25 from the lower part 17 of the pneumatic chute 12 containing the fluidized bed, so that the silo stores do not fall particularly violently from the exhaust pipe 20. However, the chute feed will not be disturbed.

The upper case 18 of the pneumatic chute 12 is the exhaust pipe 2
0, that is, the stabilizing vessel 22, has a sufficient volume for the exhaust from the discharge chamber 5.

The aeration device (inflow opening 6) inside the silo 2 and the discharge chamber 5, the discharge gate valve 11 and the shut-off gate valve 21, and if necessary the aeration device of the discharge member, closes the shut-off gate valve at the same time as the discharge gate valve 11 closes. 21 is closed and the aeration is synchronously controlled. If the silo storage material then flows into the discharge chamber 5 from the silo chamber 1 in a rush-like manner, the pressure in the discharge chamber 5 increases, and this pressure increase has no effect due to the small volume of the exhaust pipe 20. Not accepted,
In the normal case, overflow is prevented. If the silo stock still reaches the exhaust pipe 20, it is directed from the exhaust stream into the silo stock discharge stream.
As a result, even if a fluctuation occurs in the flow of the silo stored material, this fluctuation is not a problem if a device that does not detect the fluctuation, such as the silo or the transport vehicle in which it is loaded, is connected. When a device that detects fluctuations is connected, the discharge gate valve 11 is installed in a direction that compensates for fluctuations.
A flow rate measuring device that has the function of adjusting the flow rate may be provided in front of the fluctuation sensing device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a silo for bulk materials according to the present invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical sectional views taken from two mutually orthogonal directions passing through the connecting part of the exhaust pipe to the pneumatic chute of the silo storage material. It is. 1... Silo room, 2... Silo, 5... Discharge chamber, 11... Discharge gate valve, 20... Exhaust pipe, 2
1... Shutoff gate valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A discharge chamber 5 is provided at the center of the bottom of the silo chamber 1, and an exhaust pipe 20 with a small cross-sectional area is connected to the discharge chamber 5.
for bulk materials extending from the upper chamber 9 of the exhaust chamber 5 through the bottom of the exhaust chamber 5 to the pneumatic chute 12 of the discharge path communicating with the outflow opening 10 of the silo storage provided in the bottom of the exhaust chamber 5. In the silo, a discharge gate valve 11 for the discharge path of the silo stored material and a shutoff gate valve 21 for the exhaust pipe 20 are provided outside the discharge chamber 5, and these discharge gate valves 1
1 and a shutoff gate valve 21 are controlled synchronously. 2. The bulk materials silo according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust pipe 20 opens into the pneumatic chute 12. 3 The exhaust pipe 20 opens into a stabilizing container 22 provided in the pneumatic chute 12, and the stabilizing container 2
A silo for bulk materials according to claim 2, characterized in that an aeration device 23 is provided at the bottom of the silo. 4. The bulk material silo according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exhaust pipe 20 extends substantially vertically. 5. The bulk material silo according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the exhaust pipe 20 is not provided with a shrinkage section. 6. The opening 24 of the exhaust pipe 20 into the stabilizing vessel 22 is separated from the lower part of the stabilizing vessel 22 by a baffle 25 through which the silo stores flow. Section ~ 5th
A silo for bulk materials according to any one of paragraphs.