JPS63397A - Liquid detergent containing anionic surfactant, succinate builder and fatty acid - Google Patents

Abstract

Liquid detergent compositions containing anionic synthetic surfactant, C12-C14 alkyl or alkenyl succinate builder and C12-C14 fatty acid, in a molar ratio of succinate to fatty acid of from about 0.8 to about 2.4, provide a minimum of suds in otherwise high sudsing compositions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to anionic synthetic surfactants and
14 Alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid or its salt (
Bilgu system [succinate to fatty acid molar ratio (calculated on acid basis) of about 0.8 to about 2.4 ], preferably a heavy duty liquid detergent. Within this range, the mixture of succinate and fatty acid surprisingly provides minimal foaming in high foaming detergents that would otherwise contain significant amounts of anionic synthetic surfactants.

Background Art GB 1,293,753 discloses dicarboxylate builders including alkyl and alkenyl succinates. Example 10 contains 2% dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 6% of an 80:20 mixture of tallow soap and coconut soap, and hexadecane-
A low foaming detergent containing 6% disodium 1,2-carboxylate. This is dicarboxylate versus 012~
yielding a molar ratio of C14 fatty acids of 2.7.

European Patent Application No. 28,850 describes the use of non-ionic surfactants, small amounts of 010=C15 alkylbenzene sulfonates, 07 as builders and hydrotropes.
Liquid detergents containing ~C12 alkyl or alkenyl succinates are disclosed.

Examples D-M include LAS 0-1%, nonenylsuccinic anhydride 5.5-6% and coconut fatty acid 1.2-3%
Contains. The lowest ratio of succinate to fatty acids present is about 1.7.

US Pat. No. 3,776.851 discloses detergents containing tetrahydroxysuccinic acid builders 5-7096. Example 4 is tetrahydroxysuccinic acid 20
% and 80;20 tallow powder to 1.8% coconut powder as foam suppressant.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,707,511 describes C10""
1G alkyl or alkenyl succinates are useful as suds boosters and stabilizers for detergents, especially those containing alkylaryl sulfonates. Examples of compositions containing succinates and fatty acids include do not have.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides for the use of (a) from about 10% to about 50% by weight of an anionic synthetic surfactant;
%, (b) C12-C14 alkyl or alkenino succinic acid, or a salt thereof, from about 2% to about 2596, and (c)
C1□ to C14 fatty acid or its salt about 1% to about 1
5%, and the molar ratio of (b) to (c) is about 0.8 to 5% on an acid basis.
2.4.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The detergent compositions of the present invention contain an anionic synthetic surfactant and a succinate to fatty acid molar ratio (calculated on an acid basis) of about 0.
8 to about 2.4, preferably about 0, 9 to about 1.8, more preferably about 12O to about 1.4 succinate and fatty acid virgoux. Within these ratios, succinate and fatty acids have an otherwise significant Q (e.g. 1
Provides minimal foam in high foaming detergents containing anionic synthetic surfactants (greater than 0% by weight).

This is particularly surprising given that it is expected that foaming will gradually increase as the amount of succinate increases and decrease as the amount of fatty acid increases.

Anionic synthetic surfactant The detergent compositions of the present invention contain from about 10% to about 50%, preferably from about 13% to about 40% by weight, based on acid, of anionic synthetic surfactant.
% by weight, more preferably from about 16 to about 30% by weight. Anionic synthetic surfactants are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,285.
, 841 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,919,678.
It is disclosed in the specification of No.

Useful anionic surfactants include water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group having from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic or sulfuric acid ester group, especially alkali metals. salts, ammonium salts and alkylol ammonium salts (eg, monoethanol ammonium salts or triethanol ammonium salts) (the term "alkyl" includes the alkyl portion of an aryl group). Examples of this group of synthetic surfactants are alkyl sulfates, especially higher alcohols (08-C18 carbon atoms) such as those obtained by reducing glycerides of tallow or coconut oil.
alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group has from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms in a straight-chain or branched configuration, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 2,220,099; and of the type described in No. 2.477.383.

Other anionic surfactants of the invention have from about 8 to about 2 carbon atoms.
4 (preferably about 12 to 18) paraffin sulfonic acids, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonic acids, especially 08 to
Ethers of C18 alcohols (e.g., those derived from tallow and coconut oil) having from about 1 to about 4 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and from about 8 to about 8 units in the alkyl group.
Aqueous solutions of alkylphenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates having about 12 carbon atoms and alkyl ethylene oxide ether sulfates having from about 1 to about 4 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. It is natural salt.

Other anionic surfactants useful in the invention include alpha-sulfonated surfactants having about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms in the fatty acid group and about 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the ester group. Water-soluble salts of esters of fatty acids; 2-acyloxy-alkane-1- having about 2 to 9 carbon atoms in the acyl group and about 9 to about 23 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety;
water-soluble salts of sulfonic acids; water-soluble salts of olefin sulfonic acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms;
3 carbon atoms and about 8 to 20 in the alkane moiety
.beta.-alkyloxyalkanesulfonates having 5 carbon atoms.

Preferred anionic surfactants in the present invention have the formula (wherein R
is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, N1 is a cation that renders the compound water-soluble, especially an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium cation, and X is from 0 to about 4. It is. Preferably R is C1
A 2-C16 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, particularly a C12-C1512 group, where X is from about O to about 3.

Highly preferred anionic surfactants include linear linear alkylbenzene sulfonates having an average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of from about 12 to about 13, as described above, and from 0 to about 3 ethylene oxide units. C Alcohol sulfate has 12 to 15. From 3:1 to about 1:3 by weight, preferably about 2:
Mixtures of these surfactants from 1 to about 1:2 are also preferred. These anionic surfactants produce hard (preferably magnesium) surfactants that lower interfacial tension and are particularly effective in removing grease/ura soil.

The detergent compositions of the present invention also contain succinate building blocks of the general formula R-CH(cOOH)CH2(cOOH), where R is a 012-C14 alkyl or alkenyl group. 2 to about 25% by weight, preferably about 3 to about 20%, more preferably about 5 to about 15% by weight.

These succinate builders are preferably used in the form of their water-soluble salts, including sodium, potassium, ammonium, and alkanol ammonium salts (e.g., mono-, di-, or tri-ethanol ammonium salts). Ru.

Specific examples of succinate builders include lauryl succinate, myristyl succinate, 2-dodecenyl succinate (preferred) and 2-tetradecenyl succinate.

Furthermore, the compositions of the present invention contain from about 1 to about 15% by weight of fatty acids, preferably from about 2 to about 10% by weight of 012-C14 fatty acids, or salts thereof.
% by weight, more preferably from about 3 to about 6 2% by weight.

Suitable fatty acids can be obtained from natural products, for example from vegetable or animal esters (for example palm kernel oil, palm oil and coconut oil), or can be produced synthetically (for example by oxidation of petroleum, or by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by the Fischer-Tropsch method). Examples of fatty acids suitable for use in the compositions of the invention include:
Includes lauric acid, myristic acid, coconut and palm kernel fatty acids. Saturated coconut fatty acids, a mixture of lauric acid and myristic acid in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 1.1 (preferably about 3.1), and palm kernel fatty acids,
preferable.

The succinate and fatty acid builders of the present invention are calcium selective builders. This means that they preferentially control calcium ions in the cleaning solution rather than magnesium ions or other hardness ions. These calcium-selective builders enable sufficient free hardness to complex some of the anionic surfactants and hardness surfactants ( For example, it is believed that while producing magnesium linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, the hardness of the wash water can be suitably controlled to prevent excessive interaction with the anionic surfactants of the present invention and with t-nare. It is being

Such hardness surfactants collect at the ura/water interface where they lower interfacial tension and enhance grease/oil soil removal.

The liquid detergent compositions of the present invention may optionally contain any of the adjunct ingredients known for use in detergent compositions. These auxiliary ingredients include auxiliary surfactants, auxiliary builders,
Neutralizing agents, buffering agents, phase modifiers, solvents, hydrotropes, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, polyacids, antifoaming agents, opacifiers, antioxidants, bactericides, dyes, fragrances, and whitening agents. agents, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,841.

Preferred compositions of the invention include U.S. Pat.
No. 1,998 and U.S. Patent No. 4.507,21
Examples include those described in Specification No. 9.

The composition preferably has the formula R1(QCH)OHC, where R1 is C~24
n 10C alkyl group (preferred) or 08-C2 alkylphenyl group, n is about 3-
from about 1% to about 20% by weight, more preferably from about 3% to about 15% by weight, most preferably from about 5% to about 10% by weight of an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant of about 9%; The activator has a HLB (9M aqueous lipophilic balance) of approximately 9
to about 13, preferably about 10 to about 13.

HLB is non-ionic surfactants (Nonionic 5urfa) by M.J.
ctants), Marcel Detzker Incorporated, 1966, pp. 607-613. These ethoxylated nonionic surfactants suspend the hardness surfactants in the aqueous wash solution. They should be in large enough quantities to prevent excessive precipitation of hardness surfactants at the oil/water interface (making soil removal more difficult) or to allow the desired adsorption and collection at the interface. Used in small enough quantities of melon.

The aqueous composition can be formulated to have a pH of about 7.5 to about 12, more preferably about 8 to about 11.

Preferred compositions of the present invention are alkaline compositions that are particularly useful in combination with peroxyacid bleach compositions that generally have a pH of about 2 to about 5 for best bleach stability. Such alkaline compositions have a pH of about 9
to about 12, preferably about 9.5 to about 11.5, more preferably about 10 to about 11. They preferably contain from about 2 to about 15% by weight monoethanolamine, more preferably from about 4 to about 10% by weight. The combination of such alkaline compositions and peroxy acid bleaches
Preferably the wash water pH is about 7.8 to about 9, preferably about 7.
．． 9 to about 8.5, such a pH is desirable for good bleach performance, minimal fabric yellowing, and minimal bleach degradation by monoethanolamine.

The following examples provide a detailed explanation of the invention.

All parts, percentages and ratios used herein are on a die basis unless otherwise specified.

Example I The following compositions were prepared by adding the ingredients to a mixing vessel in the order indicated under continuous mixing.

Verification product material component −ψρ−(
Severe epilepsy) (average weight) ■ 014-15 alkyl polyethoxylate (2,25)
48,8 11.3 23.2 Sodium sulfate 013 Linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid 9G
, 0 g, 0 g, 33 Sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate 41.0 0.35 0.
7 Propylene glycol 10
0.0 10.5 10.5 Monoethanolamine
100.0 5.0 3.0
Brightener mixture 100.
0 - 13.212, C7/l/:7-lupol
Jx Tokinre-t-100,09,07,O12~13 (6,5) *Ethanol 92
．． 0 10.48 7.3 Potassium hydroxide
45.0 2.48 5.51 Sodium hydroxide 50.0
2.94 5.88 Boric acid
100.0 +, 25 1.25 water -
-5,652-dodecenyl sodium succinate
80.0 5.53 6.9012-14 fatty acids 100.0 3.5
3.5 citric acid
50.0 4.0 g, 0 Calcium formate 10.0 0.
12 1.2 Hayashi TEPA-E15~, 8g0.0 3.0 3.75p
Adjust H to 10.5 ---
Bucotease enzyme (2, OAU/g)
100.0 1.16 1.10 amylase enzyme
(375AM, tt/g) 100.
0 0.16 0.16 fragrance
100.0 0.25 0.25
dye 100
．． 0 0.08 0.0g water
- Remainder 3.25 100% 1 Paste is 16.2% ethanol and 35% water
Contains 2 monoethanolamine 32.2%, water 32.2%,
C alcohol polyethoxylene 12-13 one (6,3) zero 32.2%, and brightener 3.36
Contains % alcohol removed** Ethylene oxide 15-18 at each hydrogen site
The above composition is preferably used in combination with the following liquid amberuchic acid bleach composition. The lfk body bleach composition is made of Eppenbacb when in a water bath.
) 21 was made by high shear mixing of the ingredients in a mixer. DPDA and water were added to the mixer before turning on the mixer. Foam suppressants were added to minimize foaming during mixing and to minimize air trapping in the finished composition. After turning on the mixer, the other ingredients were added in the order indicated after the indicated times.

g Passenger-level time 1,12-diperoxide dodecanedione lO,1i2
1.6 18.0 0 acid (DPDA) (26,68%
activated slurry) *water (additional)
1.896 11.8 0 Foam inhibitor
12.8 o, oa
1 min 013 linear alkylbenzene sulfone 4
17.8 2.5 Trimonic acid (active ingredient 9696*) Sodium cumene sulfonate 4B3.
4 1.45 3 minutes (active ingredient 50%*) dipicolinic acid t,
e o,ot 3 sodium sulfate
641.8 4.0 1 hour 25 minutes Magnesium sulfate 1,884.2
10.5 2 hours 10 minutes Sodium hydroxide (active ingredient 50!'6') 104 0.32 3
After 3 hours and 30 minutes, the remaining part was mainly water, and the pH of the composition was measured to be 20.
It was 3.20 °C. After 4 hours and 10 minutes, the pH was measured again and was 3.20 at 20°C. I stopped the mixer. The composition was a stable suspension of ingredients and had a viscosity of about 350 cps at about 20°C. The DPDA had an average diameter of about 2-5μ.

The above is important since the high shear mixing of the ingredients in the water bath, the order of their addition and the approximate time of addition are all found to be important in obtaining the desired physical stability of the composition. A preferred method of preparation will be described.

The composition is preferably used in a 5.5:1 volume ratio of detergent composition to liquid bleach. The detergent composition is designed for a usage of about 0.55 cup in a typical American laundry regimen. This gives a product concentration in the wash water of approximately 0.22% by weight. 0.1 cup of liquid bleach (i.e. approx. 25ml)
) provides 10 ppm of available oxygen to the wash water.

The detergent composition and liquid bleach are preferably codispensed simultaneously from a two-compartment bottle in a 5.5:1 ratio of detergent to bleach.

Mixtures of succinate and fatty acid builders in the detergent compositions are preferred because they produce less fabric yellowing and measure cup residue than all-fatty acid formulations when used in combination with the liquid bleaches.

Examples ■ Other compositions of the invention that can be prepared by adding the ingredients to a mixing vessel in the order indicated under continuous mixing are as follows.

Ingredients
AB014-15 alkyl polyethoxylate (2,25) sodium sulfate 1 function 12.7 8. ICl3
Sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate
8.5 3.9 Sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate 0.3-Propylene glycol 8.5-
monoethanolamine
2.0 5.4c -c Alcohol polyethoxylate (6,5>” 5.0
-6.6 012-C16 alkyldimethylamine oxide ethanol
4.0 Sodium toluenesulfonate
8.0 Sodium 2-dodecenyl succinate 11.0
15. OCl. ~C14 fatty acids
7.0 7.0 Citric acid
4.0
2.0 Calcium formate
0.12 - Sodium formate
0.87 -#
2.0 2.0
TEPA-E15-18 protease enzyme (2,0All/g)
0.75 -amylase enzyme (
375A)1. U/g)
0.16 - Water and trace components
Remainder Remainder 100% 100%

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. By weight: (a) about 10% to about 50% anionic synthetic surfactant; (b) about 2% to about 25% C_1_2-C_1_4 alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid, or a salt thereof; , and (c) about 1% to about 15% of a C_1_2 to C_1_4 fatty acid or a salt thereof, and the molar ratio of (b) to (c) is about 0.8 to about 15% on an acid basis.
A liquid detergent composition characterized in that the liquid detergent composition is about 2.4. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of (b) to (c) is from about 1.0 to about 1.4 on an acid basis. 3. The anionic surfactant of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a C_1_2 to C_1_3 linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, a C_1_2 to C_1_2 to alcohol sulfate containing from 0 to about 3 ethylene oxide units, or a mixture thereof. Composition. 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein (b) is sodium 2-dodecenylsuccinate. 5, an anionic synthetic surfactant comprising about 16% to about 30% of a C_1_2 to C_1_3 linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, a C_1_2 to C_1_5 alcohol sulfate containing from 0 to about 3 ethylene oxide units, or a mixture thereof. A composition according to claim 1. Sodium 6,2-dodecenylsuccinate about 5% to about 15
% and C_1_2 to C_1_4 fat content 3% to about 6%
A composition according to claim 5, comprising: 7. The composition of claim range box 6, wherein the molar ratio of (b) to (c) is from about 1.0 to about 1.4. 8. The composition of claim 1, having a pH of about 9.5 to about 11.5. 9, having a pH of about 10 to about 11.
The composition described in Section. 10, comprising about 4% to about 10% monoethanolamine;
A composition according to claim 9. 11, Formula R^1(OC_2H_4)_nOH (where R
^1 is a C_1_0 to C_1_6 alkyl group, n is about 3 to
from about 5% to about 10 ethoxylated nonionic surfactants having an HLB of about 9 to about 13
11. The composition of claim 10, further comprising %.