EP0028850B1 - Liquid detergent composition - Google Patents

Liquid detergent composition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0028850B1
EP0028850B1 EP19800200988 EP80200988A EP0028850B1 EP 0028850 B1 EP0028850 B1 EP 0028850B1 EP 19800200988 EP19800200988 EP 19800200988 EP 80200988 A EP80200988 A EP 80200988A EP 0028850 B1 EP0028850 B1 EP 0028850B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
liquid detergent
alkyl
hydrotrope
compositions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19800200988
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0028850A1 (en
Inventor
Jacob Adriaan Van Der Griend
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Unilever NV
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Unilever NV
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C11D1/08—Polycarboxylic acids containing no nitrogen or sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an aqueous, built liquid detergent composition with an improved storage stability at low temperatures.
  • Aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions are well-known in the art. They are usually based upon an active -detergent system together with suitable builder salts, and, to provide for the required stability on storage they normally comprise a hydrotrope system.
  • Such hydrotrope systems are manifold, the most well-known being toluene-, xylene-, or cumene-sulphonates, alkanephosphonates, and solvents such as ethyl alcohol.
  • the choice of a suitable hydrotrope is restricted by the type of active detergent and builder salt, and although satisfactory results can be obtained e.g. when the product is stored at room temperature, less satisfactory results are achieved when the product is stored under changing temperature conditions, or at lower temperatures.
  • an aqueous built liquid detergent composition with improved low-temperature storage stability comprises from 5-25% by weight of a nonionic detergent active material, from 5 ⁇ 25% by weight of a water-soluble builder salt, and from 3-15% by weight of a mono alkyl- or alkenylsuccinate hydrotrope in which the alkyl-or alkenyl group contains from 7-12 carbon atoms, characterized in that the composition further comprises from 0.5-3% by weight of an alkali metal-, ammonium- or substituted ammonium salt of an alkylbenzenesulphonic acid in which the alkyl group contains from 10-15 carbon atoms.
  • the nonionic detergent-active material used in the present invention can be any suitable type of well-known nonionics, either alone or mixtures thereof.
  • Nonionics are alkylene oxide condensation products with hydrophobic organic compounds. Typical examples are ethylene- and/or propylene-oxide condensation products with alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, fatty acid amides, and glycols. Numerous examples can be found in Schick, "Nonionic Surfactants", 1967.
  • the amount of nonionic detergent active material ranges from 5-25% by weight, the preferred range being 6-20% by weight.
  • the water-soluble builder salts used in the present invention can be organic and/or inorganic builder salts, such as sodium citrate, sodium carboxymethyloxysuccinate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, sodium carbonate, sodium or potassium salts of ortho-, pyro- or tripolyphosphoric acid, such as sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate, tripotassium orthophosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of the phosphate builder salts ranges from 5-25% by weight, the preferred range being 12-20% by weight.
  • the mono alkyl- or alkenyl-succinate hydrotrope to be used in the present invention contains from 7-12, particularly from 8-9 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkenylgroup. These groups may be branched or straight-chain, the latter being preferred. They may be used in the acid or anhydride form, their corresponding salts being formed in situ in the composition by neutralisation with alkaline material present therein, or they may be added in their salt form. Suitable salts are the alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts.
  • the amount of the alkyl- or alkenyl succinate ranges from 3-15% by weight, the preferred range being from 4-10% by weight.
  • the composition of the invention may furthermore comprise other ingredients, commonly used in aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions, Thus, it may comprise alkaline material such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate (up to 10%), sequestering agent such as ethylene i diaminetetraacetic acid, ethanehydroxydiphosphonic acid, ethylene diaminetetra- phosphonic acid, triethanolamine etc. (up to 2%), foam depressors such as soaps, silicones, paraffins (up to 5%), fluorescers in minor amounts, enzymes, perfumes, colouring agents, germicides, anti-soil redeposition agent and so on.
  • the alkylbenzenesulphonate which is used according to the present invention is an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of alkylbenzenesulphonic acid, in which the alkyl group is branched or, preferably, straight-chain and which comprises from 10-15 carbon atoms. Suitable examples are sodium or potassium straight-chain C'2-alkylbenzenesulphonate.
  • a small amount of these sulphonates is used, from 0.5-3% by weight, the preferred range being from 0.75-1.5% by weight.
  • compositions of the invention can be prepared in any suitable manner; it is however advantageous to add the hydrotrope to the composition prior to the phosphate builder salts and neutralize the hydrotrope in situ.
  • the products of the invention are particularly suitable for industrial laundering, especially to prepare stock solutions therefrom to be used in industrial laundering processes where these solutions are automatically dosed into the washing system. They are of particular benefit for the laundering of polyester/cotton laundry.
  • compositions were prepared:
  • compositions were stored under cycling conditions, i.e. at temperatures of -12°C and +20°C changing the temperature every 24 hours, which was repeated 6 times, as well as in a refrigerator (temp. +3°C). Their stability was visually assessed as to phase separation. The following results were obtained:

Abstract

Aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions on the basis of a nonionic detergent, a builder salt, and a mono alkyl- or alkenyl C7-C12 succinate (as hydrotrope) suffer from unsatisfactory storage stability at lower temperatures or under changing temperature conditions. By inclusion of a small amount of a C10-C15 alkylbenzene sulphonate, the storage stability under these conditions is significantly improved. These compositions are particularly suitable for industrial laundering purposes.

Description

  • The present invention relates to an aqueous, built liquid detergent composition with an improved storage stability at low temperatures.
  • Aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions are well-known in the art. They are usually based upon an active -detergent system together with suitable builder salts, and, to provide for the required stability on storage they normally comprise a hydrotrope system. Such hydrotrope systems are manifold, the most well-known being toluene-, xylene-, or cumene-sulphonates, alkanephosphonates, and solvents such as ethyl alcohol. Frequently, however, the choice of a suitable hydrotrope is restricted by the type of active detergent and builder salt, and although satisfactory results can be obtained e.g. when the product is stored at room temperature, less satisfactory results are achieved when the product is stored under changing temperature conditions, or at lower temperatures.
  • It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide for an aqueous, built liquid detergent composition which includes a hydrotrope system such, that the storage stability at lower temperatures is significantly improved. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to improve the low-temperature storage stability of aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions which are based on a nonionic detergent-active system and water-soluble phosphate builder salts, where this problem is particularly acute.
  • It has already been proposed in GB-A-1,285,582 to improve the storage-stability of aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions which contain a nonionic detergent-active system and builder salts by inclusion therein of mono-alkyl- or alkenyl-succinates, in which the alkyl- or alkenyl group contains from 7 to 12 carbon atoms, such as monooctenyl- and monononenyl-succinate. Although such compositions have indeed a satisfactory storage stability at ambient temperatures, it is less satisfactory at low temperatures or under changing temperature conditions.
  • It has now been found that the low-temperature stability of such compositions can be significantly improved by inclusion therein of a small amount of an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of an alkyl benzene sulphonic acid in which the alkyl group contains from 10 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • According to the present invention therefore, an aqueous built liquid detergent composition with improved low-temperature storage stability comprises from 5-25% by weight of a nonionic detergent active material, from 5―25% by weight of a water-soluble builder salt, and from 3-15% by weight of a mono alkyl- or alkenylsuccinate hydrotrope in which the alkyl-or alkenyl group contains from 7-12 carbon atoms, characterized in that the composition further comprises from 0.5-3% by weight of an alkali metal-, ammonium- or substituted ammonium salt of an alkylbenzenesulphonic acid in which the alkyl group contains from 10-15 carbon atoms.
  • The nonionic detergent-active material used in the present invention can be any suitable type of well-known nonionics, either alone or mixtures thereof.
  • Nonionics are alkylene oxide condensation products with hydrophobic organic compounds. Typical examples are ethylene- and/or propylene-oxide condensation products with alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, fatty acid amides, and glycols. Numerous examples can be found in Schick, "Nonionic Surfactants", 1967.
  • Especially suitable are the condensation products of ethylene oxide (6-10 moles) with nonylphenol, of ethylene- and/or propylene-oxide (3-12 moles) with linear monohydric primary or secondary alcohols with 9-15 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.
  • The amount of nonionic detergent active material ranges from 5-25% by weight, the preferred range being 6-20% by weight.
  • The water-soluble builder salts used in the present invention can be organic and/or inorganic builder salts, such as sodium citrate, sodium carboxymethyloxysuccinate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, sodium carbonate, sodium or potassium salts of ortho-, pyro- or tripolyphosphoric acid, such as sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate, tripotassium orthophosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof. The amount of the phosphate builder salts ranges from 5-25% by weight, the preferred range being 12-20% by weight.
  • The mono alkyl- or alkenyl-succinate hydrotrope to be used in the present invention contains from 7-12, particularly from 8-9 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkenylgroup. These groups may be branched or straight-chain, the latter being preferred. They may be used in the acid or anhydride form, their corresponding salts being formed in situ in the composition by neutralisation with alkaline material present therein, or they may be added in their salt form. Suitable salts are the alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts.
  • The amount of the alkyl- or alkenyl succinate ranges from 3-15% by weight, the preferred range being from 4-10% by weight. The composition of the invention may furthermore comprise other ingredients, commonly used in aqueous, built liquid detergent compositions, Thus, it may comprise alkaline material such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate (up to 10%), sequestering agent such as ethyleneidiaminetetraacetic acid, ethanehydroxydiphosphonic acid, ethylene diaminetetra- phosphonic acid, triethanolamine etc. (up to 2%), foam depressors such as soaps, silicones, paraffins (up to 5%), fluorescers in minor amounts, enzymes, perfumes, colouring agents, germicides, anti-soil redeposition agent and so on.
  • The alkylbenzenesulphonate which is used according to the present invention is an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of alkylbenzenesulphonic acid, in which the alkyl group is branched or, preferably, straight-chain and which comprises from 10-15 carbon atoms. Suitable examples are sodium or potassium straight-chain C'2-alkylbenzenesulphonate.
  • A small amount of these sulphonates is used, from 0.5-3% by weight, the preferred range being from 0.75-1.5% by weight.
  • The compositions of the invention can be prepared in any suitable manner; it is however advantageous to add the hydrotrope to the composition prior to the phosphate builder salts and neutralize the hydrotrope in situ.
  • The products of the invention are particularly suitable for industrial laundering, especially to prepare stock solutions therefrom to be used in industrial laundering processes where these solutions are automatically dosed into the washing system. They are of particular benefit for the laundering of polyester/cotton laundry.
  • The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
    • Example 1
  • The following compositions were prepared:
    Figure imgb0001
  • These compositions were stored under cycling conditions, i.e. at temperatures of -12°C and +20°C changing the temperature every 24 hours, which was repeated 6 times, as well as in a refrigerator (temp. +3°C). Their stability was visually assessed as to phase separation. The following results were obtained:
    Figure imgb0002
  • The figures in the above table denote the amount of days after which instability, i.e. phase separation was observed. It can be seen that the addition of the alkylbenzenesulphonate in each case greatly enhances the storage stability under both storage conditions.
    • Example 2
  • Replacing the nonionic detergent active of Example 1 by a 1:1 mixture of C9-11 monohydric alcohol, condensed with 6 moles of EO and C12-1. monohydric alcohol, condensed with 3 moles of EO produces similar results.

Claims (2)

1. An aqueous, built liquid detergent composition comprising from 5-25% by weight of a nonionic detergent active material, from 5-25% by weight of a water-soluble builder salt, and from 3―15% by weight of a mono alkyl- or alkenylsuccinate hydrotrope in which the alkyl- or alkenyl group contains from 7-12 carbon atoms, characterized in that the composition further comprises from 0.5-3% by weight of an alkali metal-, ammonium- or substituted ammonium salt of an alkylbenzenesulphonic acid in which the alkyl group contains from 10-15 carbon atoms.
2. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises from 0.75-1.5% by weight of the alkylbenzene sulphonate.
EP19800200988 1979-11-09 1980-10-20 Liquid detergent composition Expired EP0028850B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7938985 1979-11-09
GB7938985 1979-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0028850A1 EP0028850A1 (en) 1981-05-20
EP0028850B1 true EP0028850B1 (en) 1983-04-20

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EP19800200988 Expired EP0028850B1 (en) 1979-11-09 1980-10-20 Liquid detergent composition

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DE (1) DE3062842D1 (en)
FI (1) FI803436L (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8511305D0 (en) * 1985-05-03 1985-06-12 Procter & Gamble Liquid detergent compositions
GB8511303D0 (en) * 1985-05-03 1985-06-12 Procter & Gamble Liquid detergent compositions
US4744916A (en) * 1985-07-18 1988-05-17 Colgate-Palmolive Company Non-gelling non-aqueous liquid detergent composition containing higher fatty dicarboxylic acid and method of use
EP0241073B2 (en) 1986-03-31 1995-03-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid detergents containing anionic surfactant, succinate builder and fatty acid
JPH02113100A (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-25 Kao Corp Liquid detergent composition
US5719116A (en) * 1992-04-10 1998-02-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for manufacture of a high active detergent composition containing succinic acid
DE69214932T2 (en) * 1992-04-10 1997-05-15 Procter & Gamble Process for the preparation of a highly active detergent composition containing succinic acid
US6352966B1 (en) 2000-05-19 2002-03-05 Albemarle Corporation Cleansing bars

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910855A (en) * 1972-05-16 1975-10-07 Richard M Abeles Liquid cleaning compositions
DE2226988A1 (en) * 1972-06-02 1973-12-20 Henkel & Cie Gmbh DISHWASHER AND CLEANING AGENTS
GB1528171A (en) * 1975-01-06 1978-10-11 Diamond Shamrock Europ Foaming hard surface cleaner formulations
DE2853136C3 (en) * 1977-12-09 1994-04-14 Albright & Wilson Aqueous, surface-active agent

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EP0028850A1 (en) 1981-05-20
FI803436L (en) 1981-05-10
DE3062842D1 (en) 1983-05-26

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