JPS6338707A - Cylinder sliding device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an improvement in a cylinder sliding device capable of performing both rotational and sliding motions.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, a spline mechanism exists as a mechanism that rotates and slides at the same time. However, it is not suitable for equipment that requires high precision because it is difficult to achieve machining accuracy and it is difficult to construct an oil-free mechanism. In response to this, a cylinder sliding device shown in FIG. 4(A), ([1)] has been devised in recent years. In the figure, ■ is a sleeve connected to an electric motor (not shown), 2 is a cylindrical key whose cross section perpendicular to the axis is circular, and 3 is a cylinder that slides on the sleeve 1. Cylindrical key 2 is made of steel, so sleeve 1
Two pieces are loaded into each keyway 1a, lb and 3a, 3b of the cylinder 3. In FIG. 4(B), one end of the sleeve 1 is a free end, and the sleeve 1 passes through the sliding surface 3C of the cylinder 3.

In this type of cylinder sliding device, as shown in FIG. 4 (8), the key/a1a of the sleeve 1 has upper and lower portions 1c' and lc'' both on the sliding surface along its axis. The structure is such that it forms a

Therefore, the length of the sleeve 1 is at least the length of the cylinder 3, the length of the upper sliding contact part, and the length b2 of the lower sliding contact part.
The length of the sum of is required. On the other hand, the length of the keyway 3a of the cylinder 3 is determined by the sum of the length l of the key 2 and the required movement amount (a++az) of the cylinder 3.

[Width point]

However, in this type of sliding device, a large biasing force or impact force is often applied to the cylinder 3 via a load device (not shown). Because of this, the sliding surfaces are prone to wear or deformation.
This increases the looseness and causes the entire device to vibrate.

The cause is that the length L of the cylinder 3 is too short.
Key? A% Ia.

This is thought to be due to the lack of dimensional accuracy between 3a and the key 2. In particular, if this key structure does not have a certain level of accuracy, even if the length of the cylinder 3 is made longer, the rotational impact in the key structure cannot be absorbed sufficiently, resulting in the cylindrical key being destroyed. Or the sliding surface is struck,
It wears out or deforms quickly. As a result, lubricating oil leaks from the oil meal portion of the cylinder 3, and support bearings (not shown) deteriorate more quickly, which determines the lifespan of the sliding device.

On the other hand, the reason why it is difficult to improve the machining accuracy of the key structure is that end mills, broaching machines, and Although an indexing board or the like is used, the accuracy of positioning to the chuck is not achieved, so the method shown in Fig. 4 (B
), the keyways 1a+, 3al are machined three-dimensionally away from the central axis a of the rotary sleeve 1, as indicated by the axes s and c. Moreover, as shown in the same figure (A), the key ′/
The same goes for n1b and 3b, and two more keys?
Angle 180 for 11a and lb, 3a and 3b
It is extremely difficult to maintain the accuracy at the radial position of ' to a predetermined value. Furthermore, a key groove 1a having a semicircular cross section,
When machining lb, 3a, and 3b, the tip of the cutting bit itself is already out of roundness. For this reason, when actually loading the key 2, it is often impossible to load the key. Therefore, in order to load the keys during mass production, it is necessary to finish each of the key grooves 1a to 3b with a large machining radius in advance and load the keys in a blank hole state. This limitation in the machining accuracy of the keyway hastened the deterioration of this type of sliding device.

Therefore, as long as the structure of the cylinder sliding device itself is such that the key 2 is arranged in isolation on the sleeve 1, it is difficult to overcome this drawback.

[Means for solving problems]

In this invention, the keyway provided on the sliding surfaces of the sleeve and cylinder reaches the free ends of the sleeve and cylinder, forming an open end there, and disposing the keyway adjacent to this open end. By doing so, the sliding surface between the sleeve and the cylinder is determined only by the sum of the length of the key and the length of the telescopic sliding portion on the non-free end side. Due to this structure, the length of the sliding part changes as the cylinder slides, which is different from conventional devices in which the length of the sliding part is always constant even when sliding. There is.

[For production]

By adopting such a sliding part structure, one end of the keyway becomes an open end, so it can be used for tools such as drills, reamers, or grinding bits that can cut at a high angle of ↑n in the direction of their rotational axis. machine can be used. This significantly improves processing accuracy, and as a result, it is possible to load a cylindrical key that is about 2 to 3 times longer than before, with optimal fitting accuracy between the keyway and the keyway.
Moreover, as the key structure became more precise,
The fitting tolerance between the sleeve and cylinder can be further reduced.
A cylinder sliding device with a highly accurate fit can be achieved. This also means that even under usage conditions in which large moments are applied in the directions indicated by arrows A+ and Az in FIG. 4, a longer life can be achieved.

In addition, even if this key mechanism is subjected to mechanical shock from the outside, the key and keyway will not hit each other, so the cylindrical key acts to absorb this shock appropriately. do. Therefore, since no large eccentric force is applied to the cylindrical sliding surface, there is no occurrence of wear or deformation of this surface, and a cylinder sliding device that can withstand long-term use is realized.

〔Example〕

FIGS. 1(A), (B), (C) and (D) show the cross-sectional structure of a cylinder sliding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(A) shows a longitudinal cross-section of the cylinder sliding device. A plan,
Figure (B) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the cylinder in a sliding state, Figure (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure (A), and Figure (D) is a cross-sectional view of Figure (A). It is a sectional view cut along the DD line.

In FIG. 1(A), 1 is a sleeve, in which two semicircular keyways 1a are machined, and one end of these keyways 1a reaches the end of the free end, forming an opening 1b. . An oiltight 1d is provided at the center, and a flow path If is provided between the key l holder 1a and this oiltight 1d. 2 is a cylindrical key, in which a close coil spring is used, and the surface of the coil spring is especially polished. 3 is a cylinder, and a semicircular key ' ($3a) is machined on the inner surface, and like the key #la, one end of these key grooves 3a reaches the end of the free end and an opening 3b is formed. In this embodiment, a sealing lid 7 is screwed to one end of the cylinder 3.
A breathing screw 8 having an air passage 9 is attached to the center of the sleeve, that is, coaxially with the sleeve axis. This cylinder 3 is connected to a load device 11 such as a gear or a pulley by a bolt 5.
is installed.

Further, a chamber 10 opened toward the free end of the sleeve l is filled with lubricating oil 15 at a lower level than the tip nozzle 8a of the breathing screw 8.

FIG. 1(B) shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cylinder 3 of FIG. 1(A) in a state in which it is sliding toward the free end and is rotating about the axis a. In this state, the lower end of the keyway 3b of the cylinder 3 is in direct communication with the oil seal 10, so as is clear from FIG. 1(C), during rotation, the inside of the key 2 and Oil is supplied to the outer circumference. Furthermore, the oil that has entered the opening 1d is dispersed and adhered to the inner wall 1e due to centrifugal force, and passes through the flow path 1f to the key groove la.

3a is refueled. Therefore, the sliding surface of the rotating cylinder 3 is always supplied with oil by the action of centrifugal force. At this time, this key structure has the advantage that oil can be supplied using the original keyway 3a or 1a to which the key 2 is not fixed, and the interior of the cylindrical key serves as an oil flow path. Furthermore, since a structure can be adopted in which the lubricating oil 15 can be used in a sealed state by the sealing lid 7, there is no possibility of galling of the sliding surfaces 1c and 3c due to oil leakage.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1A, air and lubricating oil 15 are sealed in the chamber 10, and the volume of the chamber 10 increases or decreases as the cylinder 3 slides. Therefore, it is necessary to release the pressure within the chamber.

The passage 9 of the breathing screw 8 communicates the air in this chamber 10 with the outside air, allowing breathing to occur between them.

FIG. 1(D) shows how a stopper 4 for preventing the key 2 from falling off is fixed to the tip of the sleeve 1 with a screw 6. 1
3 is a screw hole for sealing the lid 7 with a screw 12.

FIG. 2 shows the manufacturing process of the cylinder sliding device of this embodiment. That is, FIG. 2(A) shows the first processing step, and at this stage, semicircular keys are first placed at two locations on the outer circumference of the sleeve 1. +11 a' is cut axially with an end mill until it is opened at its free end. On the other hand, two semicircular keyways 3a' are similarly machined on the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 3 using an end mill. At this time, as already mentioned in FIG. As explained in the figure, it has a keyway shape with an irregular cross section. Moreover, the parallelism in the axial direction is not achieved. Therefore, in this first machining process, cutting is performed to a size that is somewhat smaller than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical key 2, and preliminary machining is performed to perform highly accurate cutting in the next process.

FIG. 2(B) shows the second processing step and the third processing step. In the second machining process, in order to achieve the machining accuracy of the groove cut in the previous first machining process, the fixed sleeve
The processing is performed with the cylinder 3 and the cylinder 3 fitted together. That is, the two keyways on the sleeve side and the cylinder side are combined as a pair, and the sleeve 1 and cylinder 3
After positioning and fixing the gap, drill or
Correction processing is performed in this process. The drill and reamer 20 cut in the sliding direction, that is, in the axial direction of the sleeve 1, and since it is a cylindrical cutting process, a pair of key grooves 1a,
It is possible to process the inner diameter of the cylindrical space formed by 3a with extremely high accuracy.

Moreover, since the rough machining has been performed in advance during the primary machining, there is less stress on the drill or grinder 20, and there is no chance of the shaft core escaping during cutting. It is also possible to accurately machine the depth of the groove and the parallelism with the rotation axis of the boob. This shows that even if the axial length of the key 2 is cut to be much longer than the conventional key 2, the tolerance in the axial dimension can be kept within a predetermined range.

In addition, when the cylinder 3 is a soft member such as a cast material, primary processing may be performed in advance with a minus tolerance of a predetermined dimension d, as shown in FIG. 2(B).

Furthermore, in the third processing step, the sliding cylinder 3 is slid on the sleeve 1, and the spacer block 21 is moved onto the cylinder 3.
In this state, a drill or reamer similar to the secondary processing is applied again, and a grindstone polishing process is performed. In the second machining process, Fig. 22 (C) of the keyway 3a
The keyway having the length indicated by the symbol S was still machined by an end mill, but the specified accuracy was not ensured, so in the tertiary processing step, this portion was cut by a drill or a caramer.

Subsequently, in the fourth processing step, assembly and lubricating oil loading are performed. To load the key 2, as shown in FIG. 2(C), the key 2 is inserted through the open ends 1b and 3b, and the ring-shaped stopper 4 shown in FIG. 1(D) is fixed with a screw 6.

Furthermore, the sealing lid 7 is closed with a screw 12 with a sealing means 11 interposed therebetween.
It will be closed at. After that, a predetermined amount of lubricating oil 15 is injected from the lower center a of the lid 7, and the breathing screw 8 is attached to complete the process.

[Other Examples]

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a cylinder sliding device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the key 2 was loaded on the side of the sleeve l, whereas in this embodiment, the cylinder 3
The case is shown in which it is loaded on the inner wall of the The manufacturing process is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. Further, in this case, after the sleeve 1 is machined with a key groove, a stopper 16 is provided at the tip. At this time, a stopper 4 is also attached to the open end of the cylinder 3 to prevent the key from falling off. Since other parts are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, they are given the same reference numerals and explanations are omitted.In addition, in this example, the sleeve 1 is provided with a communication passage 9 with the outside air.

Although the case where the seal M7 is attached to the cylinder 3 has been described, the lid 7 may be attached to the load device and sealed.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a method for manufacturing the key structure is explained in which a drill that cuts the tip and a reamer that cuts the side surface are used.
(It goes without saying that a U tool may also be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the cylinder sliding device of the present invention, since a plurality of cylindrical keyways each having an open end are provided between the sleeve and the cylinder, manufacturing and processing are facilitated. In particular, as a result of being able to improve the machining accuracy of the key groove, it is possible to perform machining such that the fit between the key groove and the key is perfect and the fitting tolerance between the sleeve and the cylinder is reduced. Therefore, even if a large force or moment is applied to a load device such as a gear from the cylinder to the sleeve,
Rotational and sliding movements can be performed smoothly at all times. In particular, due to the synergistic effect of the impact-absorbing cylindrical key and the good adhesion of the sliding surface, durability against startup impact and constantly applied moments is significantly increased. However, there is an advantage that a load device with a large radius can be applied.

In addition, unlike conventional key structures, one end of the keyway is formed in an open state, so this keyway and the cylindrical key can be actively used as an oil supply path when lubricating oil is supplied. Since one end can be sealed, a sliding mechanism without oil leakage can be achieved, and the industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 (A), (B), (C) and (D) are cross-sectional views of a cylinder sliding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (B) is an explanatory diagram of its operation, (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line c-c', and (D
) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D′, and FIGS. (
A) is an explanatory diagram showing the first processing step, FIG. 3(B) is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the keyway, and FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cylinder device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B) show a conventional cylinder sliding device, with FIG. 4(A) being an external configuration diagram and FIG. 4(B) being an explanation of its operation. In the figure, 1...sleeve, la, lb...keyway, 1
d...oil tight, 1f...flow path, 2...cylindrical key, 3...cylinder, 3a, 3b...keyway, 1
0...Chamber, 15...Lubricating oil, 16.17...
・Seal member, 19...bit, 20...finishing bit. Patent applicant Tokyo Jidokiko Co., Ltd. Figure 1 (A) Figure 1 (B) Figure 1 (C) Figure 1 (D) O Figure 2 (C) Figure 3 Figure 4 (A)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A cylinder sliding device having a keyway for fixedly arranging a plurality of cylindrical keys on the sleeve or cylinder, and an extension keyway for sliding on the cylinder or sleeve corresponding to the keyway. , the keyway reaches the free end of the sleeve or cylinder to form an open end, and the key is loaded and the open end is sealed, so that the sliding surface between the sleeve and the cylinder is and the length of the telescopic sliding contact portion on the non-free end side adjacent to the key, while the telescopic space is formed on the free end side adjacent to the key. Characteristic cylinder sliding device. (2) The cylinder sliding device according to claim 1, wherein the expandable space is sealed at the free end of the cylinder and communicates with the outside air. (3) The cylinder sliding device according to claim 2, wherein means for communicating the expandable space with outside air is provided in the cylinder or sleeve.