JPS6334308A - Key apparatus and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a key device in which a cylindrical key is added between a cylindrical member and an inner cylindrical sliding body that slide and rotate with each other, and This invention relates to improvements in its manufacturing method.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, as a rotary sliding device to which a cylindrical key is applied, those shown in FIGS. 4 and 4B have been known. 1 is a cylindrical member, 2
3 is a cylindrical key, and 3 is an inner cylinder sliding body.

As the cylindrical member 1 rotates, the inner cylinder sliding body 3 also rotates via the key 2. Moreover, during this rotation, the inner cylinder sliding body 3 slides on the cylindrical member 1. The key device applied here includes a keyway 1 having a semicircular cross section in a part of the cylindrical member 1.
a, 1b are machined separated by an angle 180'. Similarly, the inner cylindrical portion of the sliding body 3 also has two key grooves 3a having a semicircular cross section.
, 3b are also applied. Furthermore, at the center of the cylindrical member l is a pond 1.
d, and this pond 1d communicates with the keyways 1a and 1b via an oil passage 1f. Further, an oil seal 16 and a lip seal 17 are provided at the end of the inner cylinder of the inner cylinder sliding body 3.

〔problem〕

However, the key grooves 1a, 1 applied to this type of key device
b is processed into an island shape on the surface of the cylindrical member 1, and it is necessary to process the cross section into a semicircular shape. The grooves were machined in 9 steps. However, during this machining, it is difficult to fix and position the cylindrical member 1 with a machine tool. For example, in order to machine the depth of the keyway 1, 1b to a constant depth, the parallelism between the moving direction of the end mill bit and the axial direction of the cylindrical member 1 must be achieved with high precision. In reality, 1. It was not possible to maintain a constant level of accuracy within the mass production process.

As a result, the keyway 1 a/, 1 shown by the dotted line in Fig. 4(A)
An error occurs when both grooves are in the same direction as shown in b'. The same thing can be said when machining the keyways 3a and 3b of the inner cylinder sliding body 3, and in actual machining, the external shape of the tip of the bit is semicircular in both cases. However, it is difficult to ensure highly accurate roundness.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4(B), the key grooves of both the cylindrical member 1 and the inner cylindrical sliding member 3 do not match each other during assembly, so that the key 2 cannot be loaded in some cases. This is the same figure (
After machining the grooves 1a, 3& located on the OA side of B), the angle θ is set with respect to this. = 180' with the indexing board, but since the accuracy at this time cannot be achieved, for example, the cylindrical member 1 deviates by a plus angle θ and moves to the keyway 1 b' shown by the dotted line, and the sliding body 3 moves by a negative angle. There was a drawback that the keyway 3b' was machined to be deviated by θ2 as shown by the dotted line.

In this way, a cylindrical key device causes machining errors in each three-dimensional direction, so even if the key device theoretically absorbs shock, it is difficult to overcome these machining problems in reality. In order to do this, the radius of one groove is increased by 1 and the semicircular shape is machined into a hollow hole state, so the key structure that contains the tack acts in the opposite direction, accelerating the impact during driving, and making it difficult to handle the cylindrical part. 1 and the sliding surfaces 1c and 3c of the inner cylinder sliding body 3
The fitting K also had the disadvantage that looseness increased early.

Deer also use lubricating oil 1 because the sealing effect of oil seal 16, lip seal 17, etc. is weakened due to this looseness.
Furthermore, after this complete leakage, the sliding body 3 sticks to the columnar member 1, a so-called sagging phenomenon, and becomes unable to slide.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a key device having a structure in which a cylindrical key can be easily loaded into a key groove, and the tolerance between the key and the left and right key grooves after loading can be kept within a predetermined tolerance even during mass production. It provides:

In other words, one end of the keyway formed in the cylindrical member reaches the free end of the cylindrical member so that the cross section is approximately semicircular, and a stopper is installed at the open end of this keyway to prevent the cylindrical key from falling off. It has a structure with metal fittings attached.

[Effect]

By adopting this advanced structure, when cutting the keyway, a tool that can be moved in the direction of the axis of rotation, such as a drill or reamer, can be used from the free end of the cylindrical member to the axial direction of the cylindrical member. This allows the axis of the cylindrical slot formed by both the keyways of the cylindrical member and the inner cylinder sliding body to maintain parallelism with the axis of the cylindrical member with high accuracy. 1 rill, reamer, etc. can process roundness with extremely high precision.

This means that the key itself can be longer than conventional keys, and the fit tolerance between the key and both key grooves can always be kept within the specified tolerance range even during mass production. Therefore, all of the plurality of keys can be loaded in an optimally fitted state. Therefore, there is no cylindrical contact even when the rotation is started. Therefore, not only the life of the rotary sliding body is extended, but also unnecessary vibrations are not generated in the inner cylinder sliding body, so that lubricating oil does not leak from the sealing member.

Further, according to the present invention, it is structurally possible to make the inner cylinder sliding body longer than the cylindrical member and to seal the tip of the inner cylinder sliding body. In this case, there is an advantage that leakage of lubricating oil can be almost completely prevented.

〔Example〕

m Figures 1 (A), (B), (C) and (D) are
The figure shows a cross-sectional structure of a rotary sliding device to which a key device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. Figure 1 (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C--C in the figure, and Figure 1 (0) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D--D in the figure (N).

In Fig. 1(A), 1 is a cylindrical member in which two semicircular keyways 1m are machined, and one end of these keyways 1m reaches the end of the free end to form an opening 1b. Ru. An oil seal 1d is provided at the center, and a flow passage 1f is provided between the keyway 1a and this oil seal 1d. 2 is a cylindrical key;
A close coil spring is used here, and the surface of the coil spring is especially polished. Reference numeral 3 designates an inner cylindrical sliding body having a semicircular keyway 3a machined on its inner surface, and like the keyway 1a, one end of the keyway 3a reaches the free end to form an opening 3b. In this embodiment, the inner cylinder sliding body 3
A sealing lid 7 is screwed to one end of the housing. Further, a breathing screw 8 having an air passage 9 is attached to the center of the sealing lid 7, that is, coaxially with the central axis of the cylindrical member. What about this inner cylinder sliding body 3? A loading device Fe1l such as a gear or a pulley is attached to the seat 5.

Further, a chamber 10 opened toward the free end of the cylindrical member 1 has a lower diameter Kffl than the tip nozzle 8a of the breathing screw 8.
Lubricating oil 15 is enclosed.

FIG. 1(B) shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder sliding body 3 of FIG. 1(A) in a state in which it is sliding toward the free end and rotating around its axis a. There is. In this state, the lower end of the keyway 3b of the inner cylinder sliding body 3 is in direct communication with the oil seal 10, so during the rotation υ, which is clear from FIG. 1(C), the key is passed through this keyway 3b. Oil is supplied to the inside and the outer periphery of 2. Furthermore, the oil that has entered the opening 1d is dispersed and adhered to the inner wall 1e due to centrifugal force, and passes through the flow path 1f to the key groove 1.
A and 3a are refueled. Therefore, the sliding surface of the rotating inner cylinder sliding body 3 is always supplied with oil by the action of centrifugal force. At this time, this key structure has the advantage that oil can be supplied using the keyway 3a or la to which the key 2 is not fixed, and the interior of the cylindrical key serves as an oil flow path. Moreover, since a structure can be adopted in which the lubricating oil 15 can be used in a sealed state with the sealing lid 7, it is possible to use the lubricating oil 15 in a sealed state.
There is no room for galling to occur in e.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1(4), air and lubricating oil 15 are sealed in the chamber 10, and the volume of the chamber 10 increases or decreases as the inner cylinder sliding body 3 slides. Therefore, it is necessary to release the pressure within the chamber.

The passage 9 of the breathing screw 8 communicates the air in this chamber 10 with the outside air, allowing breathing to occur between them.

FIG. 1(D) shows how a stopper 4 for preventing the key 2 from falling off is fixed to the tip of the cylindrical member 1 with a screw 6. 1
3 is a screw hole for sealing the lid 7 with a screw 12.

FIG. 2 shows the manufacturing process of the rotary sliding device of this embodiment. That is, FIG. 2 shows the first processing step, in which semicircular keyways 1a/ are first formed at two locations on the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 1 in the axial direction until they are opened at their free ends. Cutting is performed by a mill. On the other hand, there are also two semicircular keyways 31 on the inner wall of the inner cylinder sliding body 3.
' is processed by an enr.mill. At this time, as already mentioned in Fig. 4, since the outer peripheral curved surface of the bit used in the end mill is not manufactured with an accurate spherical shape, both the cylindrical member 1 side and the sliding body 3 side are As explained in FIG. 4, the key groove has an irregular cross section and is not parallel to the axial direction. Therefore, in this first machining process, as shown in Fig. 2(B), cutting is performed to a size that is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface 2& of the cylindrical key 2, and in the next process, highly accurate cutting is performed. Preliminary processing is carried out.

Figure 2 (0 indicates the second machining process and the third machining process. In the second machining process, in order to obtain the machining accuracy of the groove cut in the previous first machining process, the cylindrical member The processing is performed with the cylindrical member 1 and the inner cylindrical sliding body 3 fitted together.In other words, the two keyways on the sleeve side and the cylinder side are combined as a pair, and the cylindrical member 1 and the inner cylindrical sliding body 3 are After positioning and fixing, correction machining using a drill or reamer 20 is performed in this step.The drill and reamer 20 cut in the sliding direction, that is, the axial direction of the cylindrical member l, and since the cutting process is cylindrical, a pair of keyways 1a,
It is possible to process the inner diameter of the cylindrical space formed by 3a with extremely high accuracy. Moreover, since the rough machining has been performed in advance during the primary machining, there is less stress on the drill or reamer 20, and there is no chance of the core escaping during cutting. It is also possible to accurately process the depth and the parallelism with the rotation axis of the rotary sliding device. This shows that even if the axial length of the keyway of the key 2 is cut to be much longer than that of the conventional key 2, the tolerance of the axial dimension can be kept within a predetermined range.

In addition, when the sliding body 3 is a soft member such as a cast material, primary processing may be performed in advance with a negative tolerance of a predetermined dimension d, as shown in FIG. 2(B).

Furthermore, in the third processing step, the inner cylinder sliding body 3 is moved to the cylindrical member 1.
The spacer Glock 21 is interposed under the sliding body 3, and in this state, the drilling or reaming process similar to the secondary process is performed again.

In the second machining process, the key groove 3a shown in FIG.
The keyway having the length indicated by the symbol S in C) was still machined by an end mill, but the predetermined accuracy was not ensured, so in the tertiary machining process, this portion was cut using a drill or a reamer.

Subsequently, in the fourth processing step, assembly and lubricating oil loading are performed. The key 2 is inserted through the through hole shown in FIG. 2(C) and the open ends 1b, 3b, and is fastened with a ring-shaped stopper 4 shown in FIG. 1(D) with a screw 6. Further, the sealing lid 7 is closed with a screw 12 with a sealing means 11 interposed therebetween. After that, a predetermined amount of lubricating oil 15 is injected from the center lower a of the lid 7, and the breathing screw 8 is attached.

[Other Examples]

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a rotary sliding device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the key 2 is loaded on the side of the cylindrical member 1, whereas in this embodiment, the key 2 is loaded on the inner wall of the inner cylinder sliding body 3. The manufacturing process is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG.

Further, in this embodiment, the tip of the cylindrical member l protrudes as a small radius portion to form a sliding portion ig. This is effective when the shaft core has double bearings. In this case, a stone ring 16 is provided at the step between the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion of the cylindrical member 1, and a stopper 4 is attached to the open end of the sliding body 3 to prevent the key from falling off. Since the other parts are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, they are given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted.

Although the case where the sealing lid 7 is attached to the sliding body 3 has been described, the lid 7 may be attached to the load device and sealed.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the method for manufacturing the key structure is explained in which a drill for tip cutting and a reamer for side cutting are used, but it is also possible to use other similar tools such as a grindstone grinding bit. Needless to say.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the key device of the present invention, since a plurality of cylindrical key grooves each having an open end are formed between the cylindrical member and the inner cylinder sliding body, the key device can be manufactured and processed easily. In particular, as the machining accuracy of the key groove can be improved, not only the fit between the key groove and the key, but also the fit between the cylindrical member and the inner cylinder sliding body can be machined to be small. Therefore, even if a large even-odd force or moment is applied from the sliding body to the cylindrical member on a load device such as a gear, rotational movement and sliding movement can always be performed smoothly.

Special feature: Due to the synergistic effect of the impact-absorbing cylindrical key and the good adhesion of the sliding surface, durability against startup impact and constantly applied moments is significantly increased. There is an advantage that a load device having a relatively large radius can be applied.

Also, unlike the conventional key structure, one end of the keyway is formed in an open state, so this keyway and the cylindrical key can be actively used as an oil supply path when lubricating oil is supplied. Furthermore, since one end can be sealed, a sliding mechanism without oil leakage can be achieved, and the industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1(A), (B), (C) and (D) are cross-sectional views of a rotary sliding device to which a key device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 1(A) is a vertical cross-sectional view. Figure 1a (B) shows an explanatory diagram of its operation, Figure 1a (C) shows a cross-sectional view taken along line c-c', and figure (6) shows a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D'. Figure 2, (B) and (C) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the machining process of the rotary sliding device. are explanatory diagrams each showing a cross-sectional view of the keyway, FIG. 3(C) shows the secondary and tertiary processing steps, and FIG. Show the diagram. Furthermore, FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B) show the external configuration 4 of a conventional rotary sliding device, FIG. 4(4) shows its longitudinal cross-sectional view, and FIG. are shown respectively. In the figure, 1... Cylindrical member, 2... Cylindrical key, 3...
・Inner cylinder sliding body, la, lb...keyway, 3m,
3b...Keyway, 15...Lubricating oil, 1d...Oil tight, 16.17...Seal member, 1f...Flow path, 19...Bit, 20...Finishing bit patent for drills, reamers, etc. Applicant Tokyo Jidokiko Co., Ltd. Figure 1 (A) Figure 1 (B) Figure 1 (C) Figure 1 (D) J (j Figure 2 (C) Figure 3 Figure 4 (A) Figure 4 (B)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a key device in which a plurality of cylindrical keys are interposed between a cylindrical member and an inner cylindrical sliding body that are slidably fitted together, the cylindrical keys are inserted into the cylindrical member so that the cross section is approximately semicircular. A key device characterized in that one end of the key groove reaches the free end of the cylindrical member to form an opening, and a stopper for preventing the cylindrical key from falling off is attached to the opening. (2) In a method for manufacturing a key device in which a plurality of cylindrical keys are interposed between a cylindrical member and an inner cylindrical sliding body, each of the sliding surfaces of the cylindrical member and the inner cylindrical sliding body is uniquely and A keyway is roughly machined so that one end forms an open end, and then, with the inner cylinder sliding body fitted to the cylindrical member, the open end of the keyway is connected to the axis of the cylindrical member. A method for manufacturing a key device, characterized in that finishing is performed using a finishing bit in a parallel direction, and then a key is loaded and assembled.