JPS6337029A - Pneumatic conveying device for granular material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically replenish the granular material when the level of the material in a material receiving container is lowered, by shifting the granular material held in a pressurized condition by means of conveying pressurized air to pressurized air from a booster mechanism. CONSTITUTION:When a granular material filled in material receiving containers 22, air only in an amount corresponding to the amount of discharged air from the material receiving containers 22, is fed into the system from an air pressure feed source 17 or a booster mechanism 30 disposed in a conveying pipe 12, which is sufficient for allowing the granular material in the material receiving containers 22, branch pipes 20, the conveying pipe 12 and a pressure container 10 to fall in an equilibrium condition. When the granular material in the material receiving containers 22 are consumed so that the level of the granular material is lowered, the lowered level influences at once upon the inside of the conveying pipe 12 through the branch pipes 20 connected to the containers 22, and therefore, the internal pressure of the conveying pipe 12 is lowered in that part. The lowered pressure is replenished at once by the granular material which is held during that time in a high density and high pressure condition and which is shifted from the branch pipes 20, the conveying pipe 12 and the pressure container 10, and therefore the original equilibrium condition is recovered, thereby it is possible to automatically replenish materials for consumed materials.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a pneumatic transport device that uses pressurized air to transport powder and granular materials such as food raw materials, pharmaceutical raw materials, and synthetic resin molding raw materials.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, this type of pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular materials has (a) a pressure vessel (^) and a pneumatic feeding source (
When transporting and supplying powder to a plurality of material receivers (D) using a pneumatic transport device consisting of a transport pipe (C) and a transport pipe (C), the transport pipe (C) Connect the branch pipe ([ri) to the transport pipe (C) and branch pipe (E) for each branch.
An on-off valve (v) such as ball pulp that selectively opens the
, and each on-off valve (V) is connected to each material receiver (
D) is switched by a signal from the level type (L) installed in the pressure vessel (A), and a small amount of powder or granular material, usually a fraction of the capacity of each material receiver (D), is placed in the pressure vessel (A). The pressurized air supply unit is operated to send out the entire capacity, and the pressurized air supply unit is stopped to open the input valve (F) and the charge tank (G) is discharged from the charge tank (G). A badge method was adopted in which the demand for a predetermined material receiver (D) was satisfied by alternately repeating the operation of replenishing powder material a predetermined number of times.

(O) As a method of supplying powder to the pressure vessel (A), as shown by the imaginary line in Figure 10, pulp (H) is placed above the charge tank (G). A service tank (K) is provided through the service tank (K).
Items that naturally fall from the service tank (K), ■
) is known to fall directly from the charge tank (G) by itself, and in both of the above cases ① and ②, the powder and granules were manually added while riding on a step stool (M).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, according to the above-mentioned conventional example, from the configuration (a) above, the on-off valves (
V), requires many components such as level meters (L) provided in each material receiver (D) and their control equipment. Therefore, the pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular materials is correspondingly more expensive.

In addition, due to the frequent blocking and opening of the transportation route by the on-off valve (V), the on-off valve, etc. is subject to severe wear and tear, and the on-off valve (V) may be caught in or adhered to particles, etc. V) was causing malfunction or breakdown. Furthermore, the on-off valve (v)
Due to the switching operation, the transportation of materials was temporarily interrupted, resulting in a loss in transportation time.

Also, from the configuration (2) above, in both of the cases ① and ②, since the charging port of the charge tank (G) is high, the step stool (
It was troublesome that it could not be manually inserted without using M).

Further, in the case of (2) above, the input port becomes large and high, which limits the installation height of these material input sections, and requires extra pulp and the like.

In the case (2) above, it was not possible to open the means inlet of the charge tank (G) during transportation of the powder material.

This invention attempts to solve all of the above problems.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular materials according to a first aspect of the invention, which has been designed to solve the above problems, includes a pressure vessel for charging and supplying powder and granules, and a pressure vessel connected to the pressure vessel. A transport pipe, a material receiver connected to the tip of the transport pipe via a branch pipe, and the transport pipe and the branch pipe are constantly filled with powder and granular material, and the pressure vessel is constantly pressurized in the transport direction. a pneumatic source in communication with the discharge, and one or more booster mechanisms spaced appropriately in the branch pipe to reduce the level of material in the material receiver as described above. It is characterized in that it is configured to be automatically replenished by moving the powder and granules maintained in a pressurized state using pressurized air or pressurized air from a booster mechanism.

Further, in the second invention, in the above pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular material, the storage container for powder and granular material provided upstream of the pressure vessel is divided into a charging chamber and a service chamber by a partition plate, and the service chamber is divided into a charge chamber and a service chamber. is located at the front of the discharge section of the storage container, and the charge chamber is located at the rear of the same discharge section, and the discharge section of the storage container is connected to the pressure vessel via the material supply pipe, while the terminal end of the transport pipe The terminal end of the circulation pipe connected to the storage container is connected to the service chamber of the storage container.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 1 to 9.

FIG. 9 is an overall schematic diagram of this embodiment, in which (1) is a storage container having an inlet (2) opened to atmospheric pressure, and a discharge portion of this storage container (1). Material supply pipe (3)
A pressure vessel Q1) is connected via which the material in the storage vessel fll is fed by transport air from an air source (4). There is a transport pipe (b) in the discharge part aD of pressure vessel 0.
is connected to the base end of the pressure vessel Ql, and a booster mechanism α for pressurization is attached near the base end of the pressure vessel Ql. Further, an air pressure supply source aη such as a compressor is connected to the discharge portion O1l of the pressure vessel αΦ. The pressurized air from this pneumatic supply source 01 maintains the powder and granules to be transported to the transport pipe (B) and the branch pipe (2) described later in a constantly filled state, and also maintains a constantly pressurized state in the transport direction (this In the example, it is a high pressurized state, but it is not limited to this.)
I try to maintain it. In addition, 0 Xun is a level meter, 0
9 is an exhaust valve, and αe is a pressure gauge.

At the tip (downstream side) of the transport pipe (2), there is a T-shaped pipe or a Y-shaped pipe.
One or more (six in the embodiment) branch pipes branched through joints Qυ such as joints are provided, and at the lower end of each branch pipe Qυ, for example, bread dough is placed. A material receiver (2
) are connected. This branch pipe +21 can also be divided into a plurality of parts to arbitrarily adjust the length of the branch pipe.

The branch pipe (to) is provided with one or more booster mechanisms (I2) at appropriate intervals, and when the powder and granules filled in the branch pipe (2I) are not discharged naturally, this booster mechanism (2I) is installed at suitable intervals. ) is discharged using pressurized air.

The specific structure, number and mounting position of this booster mechanism (2) are arbitrary.

As shown in the first figure, the mounting positions of the booster mechanism (2) are arranged so that the distances are gradually longer from the transport pipe (2) side to the material receiver (2) side, and in the figure, a<b
<c<d<...<n. However, depending on the physical properties of the material, it may be a-b-cwd...-n, or a
>b≦C≦d≦...≦n.If the respective mounting positions of this booster mechanism (2) are expressed by a general formula, αn-Fnl<P+ΣE, α+ΣII-IF.

(However, as shown in Fig. 5, the transportation pressure on the transportation pipe side is P, the frictional resistance of the material of the booster mechanism Q1 on the most downstream side is αn, and the gravity with which the material tries to fall is FTl.) For example, , as shown in Fig. 5, when there are two booster mechanism Q fields, in (a) αt Fl<P+(α・+α+
) + (I6 +Fl ) booster 23. If there is, 23. The pressurized air evacuates the material at the location. Similarly, in (b) αr P
+ <P+Cto +)”0, α in (C).

If -Fe<p, the material is discharged and the state shown in (d) is reached.

Further, as for the mounting structure of the booster mechanism (2), the structure shown in FIG. 7 may be used, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. A booster mechanism 12 rod is interposed at an appropriate interval between the branch pipe (end) and the air supply pipe Q4, and the booster mechanism (21) is connected to the pressurized air. supply,
The configuration is such that the stop is performed by a solenoid valve 129, and the backflow of pressurized air is performed by a check valve L2@. The fins are pressure reducing valves.

As mentioned above, if the configuration includes the booster mechanism I21), if the branch pipe (to) is too long or due to the physical properties of the powder or granules, as shown in FIG. Even if the powder (M) remains filled and is not discharged, it can be discharged by pressurized air from the booster mechanism (2). The order of activation of the booster mechanisms (2) is arbitrary, but in this example, the booster mechanisms (2) were activated sequentially from the downstream side to the upstream side (see Figures 5(b), (c), and (d)). ,
Pressure may be applied to two or more at the same time, one at a time, or sequentially in a pulsed manner, but if there is a request from the material receiver (2) It saves pressurized air if it operates only at certain times.

Then, the material level in the material receiver (2) is reduced by moving the powder and granules maintained in a pressurized state by using pressurized air for transportation and pressurized air from the booster mechanism (to) as described above. It is configured so that it is automatically replenished by

Further, as shown in the third figure, it is preferable that the branch pipe (to) has at least a lower part divided, and the divided pipe part (20a) is provided in the material receiver (2) so as to be freely inserted and taken out at an arbitrary length. However, it is also possible to configure the branch pipe (to) with a plurality of divided bodies and connect these divided bodies in a detachable manner. According to such a configuration, the branch pipe I2II may be too short,
Depending on the physical properties of the powder, it is possible to eliminate overflow from the material receiver (2) as shown in the fourth figure. In other words, the split pipe portion (20a) serves as the material receiver (2).
It has a level adjustment function that adjusts the amount of supply to it depending on the degree of insertion.

Furthermore, a booster mechanism (to) for pressurizing the line is attached to the transport pipe 0 slightly downstream of the branch pipe (to).

Although this booster mechanism (to) is optional, as shown in FIG. 30c
) The closed outer cylinder body (30a) and this outer cylinder body (30a
) The inner cylindrical body (30a) is fitted into the large diameter cylindrical part (30c) of
, and the flange (
31) is bolted to the flange (12a) of transport pipe 0. An air introduction hole (3
2) is formed, and an annular connecting part (33) communicating with the air introduction hole (32) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder (30d).
The outer cylinder has a tapered surface (34) that slopes inward at the boundary between the large diameter cylinder (30c) and the small diameter cylinder (30e), and the inner cylinder (30d) has a tapered surface (34) that slopes inward. ) has a tapered surface (35) that slopes outward, and a diagonally inward spout (35) is formed between both tapered surfaces (b) and (to).
).

In addition, as shown in Figure 8, two booster mechanisms configured as described above are used, and both are inverted and connected with bolts, so that a front jet for supplying pressurized air in the direction of transport of the powder and granules can be used. It is also possible to form an outlet (toward) and a rear jet port (36a) for supplying pressurized air in the opposite direction to the transport direction of the powder and granules, so that pressurized air can be jetted from the front or rear. can.

With this configuration, it is possible to prevent particles that have passed through without being branched to the branch pipe (to) from clogging the transport path.

Furthermore, the storage container (1) is divided into a charging chamber (6) and a service chamber (7) by a partition plate (5) as shown in FIGS. In the front part of the discharge part (1a) of the storage container (1), there is a charge chamber (6).
are facing the rear of the discharge part (1a), and the discharge part (1a) of the storage container (1) is connected to the material supply pipe (3).
It is connected to the pressure vessel OI via. On the other hand, at the terminal end of the transport pipe (2), there is a circulation pipe (9) that collects the powder and granules that have not been distributed to the branch pipe (2) into the service chamber (7).
) are connected. With this configuration, the powder and granules that have not been distributed to the branch pipe (to) are collected into the service chamber (7), and the collected powder and granules are collected before the powder and granules in the charge chamber (6). Since the granular material is supplied into the pressure vessel Ql, there is an advantage that proper circulation of the granular material can be achieved. In addition, during transportation of powder and granular materials, the partition plate (5
), the inlet (2) formed in the charge chamber (6) allows the powder and granules on the service chamber (?1 side to play the role of pulp).
can be kept open to atmospheric pressure at all times. In addition, storage container (1
) can also be provided with stirring means (8) in the discharge section (la). U is the exhaust filter, and song is the level meter.

(Effect of Example) An example of the operation of the above embodiment will be explained below.

Powder material is charged from the input port +21 of the storage container (1), and the powder is compressed by transport air from the air source (4) through the material supply pipe (3) by opening the charge valve (3a). Container a・
Input and supply to. At this time, the material collected in the storage container (1) via the circulation pipe (9) of the service chamber (7) is supplied preferentially to that of the charge chamber (6).

When the pressure vessel α reaches a set amount (for example, full), the level meter 041 detects it and closes the injection valve (3a), which causes the air source (4) to close.
The transportation is stopped by stopping the driving of the pressure vessel αe, and the pressure vessel αe is sealed. The powder reaches the discharge section OD under its own weight.

Next, when pressurized air (Po) is continuously supplied from the pneumatic supply source θη, a filter (not shown) installed in the discharge part
At the same time as the powder and granules flow inside, the powder and granules in the discharge section aD move into the base end of the transport pipe @, for example, in the form of a column that blocks the pipe diameter. On the other hand, the internal pressure of the pressure vessel α・ becomes an internal pressure (P,) that has increased from the beginning due to the resistance of the granular material in the transport pipe @.

Furthermore, when the pushing up in the transport pipe (b) reaches a certain level, the feeding resistance of the powder and granular material and the reduced pressure based on the discharge inside the pressure vessel OI are balanced, and the gap between the material pushed up earlier and the following material is balanced. , a space filled only with pressurized air (Po) is formed, and thereafter, such a phenomenon occurs alternately, forming an intermittent columnar state while advancing inside the transport pipe (2). In this way, high-concentration transport is achieved.

Then, in the columnar state, the material is sequentially filled from the material receiver (23) on the front side through each branch pipe (toward) and supplied to the end side.At this time, powder particles are supplied to each material receiver (2). The air that has finished supplying the body is exhausted out of each material receiver.

At the time when each material receiver (2) is filled with powder and granules as described above, an amount of air corresponding to the exhaust from each material receiver (2) is transferred to the pneumatic supply source αη or the transport pipe (2). ), the powder and granules in each material receiver (c), branch pipe rs, transport pipe 0 and pressure vessel ae have high density and high pressure. An equilibrium state is reached under , and no movement of the powder or granules occurs.

In this state, when the powder and granules in the material receiver (2) are consumed and the material level decreases, the level drop is transferred from the branch pipe (to) connected to the material receiver (2) to the transport pipe (2). This immediately spreads to the area, causing a drop in the internal pressure of the transport pipe (2), and this drop in internal pressure also affects the branch pipe (to), the transport pipe (2), and the pressure, which are maintained at a high density and high pressure state. The material is immediately replenished by the movement of the material from the container 01, and the original equilibrium state is returned to automatically replenish the consumed material. At this time, when the material level inside the material receiver (2) decreases, the level meter Q and the crack are detected and the pressure vessel Ql
Materials will be supplied within the facility.

However, in the above case, as shown in Figure 5a,
The branch pipe (2) may remain filled with material and not be discharged to the material receiver @. At this time, the booster mechanism e provided in the branch pipe (2) is operated, and the pressurized air discharges the material into the material receiver I2. According to Figure 5, first, the lower booster mechanism (to) in (b)
The material at the tip is discharged by the air pressure.
Next, the booster mechanism t2 in the upper part of (c) is operated to discharge the material in the upper part in the same way. Finally, the material is discharged by the transport pressure in the transport pipe (2) in (d).

In addition, by moving the branch pipe part (20a) of the branch pipe (to) up and down to adjust its height, the material can be transferred to the material receiver (
2) It is possible to prevent overflow from inside and adjust the level of the material receiver. In this way, the length of the branch pipe r2I can be changed arbitrarily.
, If the pipe line of the transport pipe @ is clogged with material, it is recommended to activate the line pressure booster mechanism (to) installed in the transport pipe @ and use the pressurized air to release the clogging of the material. .

The transport pipe (2) passes through the circulation pipe (9) to the storage container (1).
) is supplied to the pressure vessel (1) with priority over the material in the charge chamber (6).

In addition, in this first invention, the storage container +1 as in the embodiment is
), and the material supply to the pressure vessel α can be performed not only by an automatic mechanism but also by an appropriate manual mechanism.

The booster mechanism (2) or (to) may also be linked to a pressure gauge OI9 provided in the pressure vessel 0I.

The number of material receivers (2) is one or more and arbitrary. In addition, if the powder or granular material is a special substance that easily combines with oxygen in the air, it is difficult to use air as the transport gas, so other suitable gases such as argon or nitrogen may be used. . Therefore, in the present invention, the air to be transported should be understood in a broad sense, including gases other than air.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the first invention, there is provided a pressure vessel for charging and supplying powder and granules, a transport pipe connected to the pressure vessel, and a material receiver connected to the tip of the transport pipe via a branch pipe. The transport pipe and the branch pipe are always filled with powder and granular material, and are always pressurized in the transport direction, and a pneumatic feed source is provided that is connected to the discharge part of the pressure vessel, and the branch pipe is provided with a suitable One or more booster mechanisms are provided at spaced intervals to maintain the reduced material level in the material receptacle under pressure with pressurized transport air or booster mechanism pressurized air as described above. Since it is configured to automatically replenish powder by moving it, many components such as on-off valves, level meters, and their control equipment, which were previously required, can be removed compared to the conventional example described above. It can be omitted, and costs can be reduced accordingly. In addition, since an on-off valve is not required, it is possible to eliminate all problems such as malfunctions, breakdowns, and transportation time losses due to particles getting caught in or adhering to the on-off valve.

Further, according to the second invention, the powder storage container provided on the upstream side of the pressure vessel is divided into a charge chamber and a service chamber by a partition plate, and the service chamber is located in the front part of the discharge part of the storage container. In addition, the charge chambers are located at the rear of the discharge section, and the discharge section of the storage container is connected to the pressure vessel via the material supply pipe, while the terminal end of the circulation pipe connected to the terminal end of the transport pipe is connected to the discharge section of the storage container through the material supply pipe. Since it is connected to the service room of the storage container, the input port for the storage container can be lowered so that it can be easily loaded by hand without using a step stool, etc., and there are no restrictions on the installation height of the storage container. This eliminates the problem and allows the charge chamber inlet to be kept open at all times, improving work efficiency.

Since the materials collected to the service room are transported before the materials in the charging room, there are many effects such as proper circulation of materials.

Note that if the configuration is as described in claims (2) to (6) or (8), there will be advantages as described above.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 and 5 to 9 show embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view of the vicinity of the branch pipe, and FIG. 2 is a specific example of how the booster mechanism shown in FIG. 1 is installed. 3 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the split pipe, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the branch pipe section, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the storage container, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are A partially sectional front view showing an example of how the booster mechanism is installed;
FIG. 9 is an overall schematic explanatory diagram of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a branch pipe of a conventional example, and FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a conventional example. (1)...storage container, (2)...inlet, (5)...
... Partition plate, (6) ... Charge chamber, (7) ... Service room, (9) ... Circulation pipe, aI ... Pressure vessel, αυ ... Discharge section, (2) ...・・Transport pipe, an・・
・Pneumatic supply source, (to)...branch pipe, (20a)...
Split pipe section, (company)...Material receiver, (to), (2L-
3)... Booster mechanism, (to)... Booster mechanism for pressurizing the line. Patent applicant Matsui Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 ↓ Figure 4 ↓ Figure 3 Figure 5 a b Cd Figure 6 Figure 8

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A pressure vessel for charging and supplying powder and granules, a transport pipe connected to the pressure vessel, a material receiver connected to the tip of the transport pipe via a branch pipe, and a powder container constantly connected to the transport pipe and the branch pipe. Filled with granules and constantly pressurized in the transport direction, a pneumatic supply source is provided that is connected in communication with the discharge part of the pressure vessel, and the branch pipe is provided with one or more booster mechanisms at appropriate intervals. The material level in the material receiver is automatically lowered by moving the granular material maintained in a pressurized state using pressurized air for transportation or pressurized air of a booster mechanism as described above. A pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular material, characterized in that it is configured to allow replenishment. (2) When multiple booster mechanisms are provided, the mounting position of the booster mechanism is such that the transport pressure of the transport pipe is P, the frictional resistance of the material of the booster mechanism on the most downstream side is α_n, and the material is also about to fall. If gravity is F_n, α_
n-F_n<P+Σ_n_-_1α+Σ_n_-_1F
A pneumatic transportation device for powder or granular material according to claim (1), which is provided at a position that satisfies the general formula: (3) The powder particles according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the branch pipe has at least a lower portion divided, and the divided pipe portion is provided so as to be freely put in and taken out of the material receiver. Air transportation device of the body. (4) The pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular material according to any one of claims (1) to (3), wherein the branch pipe is divided into a plurality of parts. (5) Claim No. 1, wherein a booster mechanism for pressurizing the line is provided in the transport pipe slightly downstream of the branch pipe.
A pneumatic transportation device for powder or granular material according to any one of items 1 to 4. (6) The powder particles according to claim (5), wherein the line pressurizing booster mechanism is configured to send pressurized air in a direction opposite to the direction in which the powder particles are transported in the transport pipe. Air transportation device of the body. (7) In the pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular material according to claim (1), the storage container for powder and granular material provided upstream of the pressure vessel is divided into a charging chamber and a service chamber by a partition plate. The service chamber faces the front part of the discharge part of the storage container, and the charge chamber faces the rear part of the discharge part of the storage container, and the discharge part of the storage container is connected to the pressure vessel via the material supply pipe. 1. A pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular material, characterized in that a terminal end of a circulation pipe connected to a terminal end of a transport pipe is connected in communication with a service chamber of the storage container. (8) The pneumatic transportation device for powder and granular material according to claim (7), wherein a stirring means is provided at the discharge portion of the storage container.