JPS6335201B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for directly sowing rice in flooded soil. Methods for direct seeding cultivation include direct sowing in dry fields, in which furrows are made in dry fields and seed rice is sown directly, and direct seeding in flooded fields, in which seed rice coated with a layer of anti-rotation agent such as lime peroxide is sown directly into flooded rice fields. Conventionally, in the case of direct sowing in dry fields, soil may flow into the furrow after sowing and cover the paddy, resulting in poor germination.If the soil becomes too moist due to rainfall during the sowing period, flooding after sowing can cause severe seedling emergence. This method has disadvantages such as deterioration of water quality and the need for a temperature of 12°C to 13°C during the sowing period, which narrows the regional limits compared to direct sowing in water. On the other hand, in direct flooding, the method of sowing rice seeds directly on the field has the disadvantage that the degree of floating and burial of rice seeds is not uniform due to ripples and soil disturbance caused by wind and running of working equipment. be. In addition, in the method of sowing seeds in a cultivation furrow, returning the semi-kneaded paddy soil on both sides of the trench and covering with soil, the semi-kneaded paddy soil with a high moisture content is used for covering soil, so the seed rice cannot be spread into the soil. The problem is that the air is sealed tightly and there is a lack of air (oxygen) necessary for seeds to germinate, inhibiting or suffocating germination. The present invention aims to improve the shortcomings of conventional direct sowing cultivation by creating a flooded soil for rice that can expand regional limits, facilitate the supply of oxygen, and allow the germination and growth of seed rice under optimal conditions. The purpose is to provide a direct sowing method. That is, the present invention raises the soil temperature during the sowing period by 3 to 4 degrees Celsius compared to direct sowing in dry fields by flooding direct sowing, and expands the regional limits. In addition, in order to prevent the covering soil from becoming sealed, an anti-septic agent such as lime peroxide and a soil conditioner such as lime hydroxide to correct soil acidity are mixed with aggregated dry crushed soil with a porosity of 30 to 60%. Covering the soil facilitates the supply of oxygen, provides optimal conditions for direct sowing cultivation, and facilitates the germination and growth of seed rice. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side structural view of an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. A frame 3 is connected to the rear part of the towing vehicle body 1 via a connecting part 2, and a soil covering supply device 4 is connected to this frame 3.
A sled-like grounding body 6 is attached. Further, a seed supply device 5 is attached to the upper frame 1a of the vehicle body 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the covering soil supply device 4 includes a hopper 4a that accommodates the covering soil A and is equipped with an on-off valve 15 at the bottom.
, a covering soil feeding device 7 having a built-in covering soil feeding roll 8 having a concave portion 8a around the periphery for feeding the covering soil A in fixed amounts, and a chute 9 for guiding the delivered covering soil A into the groove B. . Further, the rotation of the feed roll 8 is transmitted from the rotating shaft of the driving force of the towing vehicle body 1 through the V-belt 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, two feeding devices 7 and two chute 9 are arranged so that two grooves B can be covered with soil from the hopper 4a at a time. On the other hand, almost similarly, the seed feeding device 5 includes a seed hopper 5a and a seed feeding device 5 provided below the seed hopper 5a.
b, and a chute 10 whose tip reaches the sled-like grounding body 6, and is driven. The sled-shaped grounding body 6 is located in front of the soil covering supply device 4, and its front part is appropriately suspended and supported by the frame 3 by a chain 16, and the bracket 11 connected to the rear part is connected to a pair of upper and lower springs. The rear part of the grounding body 6 is elastic so that it can be moved up and down along the field D with an appropriate pressure. Moreover, two protrusions 6a, 6a for creating grooves B, B are provided on the bottom surface of the grounding body 6. The seed rice sown in the furrow is covered with soil by the device of the above embodiment, and this covering soil actively creates an aggregate structure in the dry crushed soil in its natural state, which has an aggregate structure due to the presence of plants, microorganisms, insects, etc. It is made up of a mixture of 0.5 to 3% of anti-septic agents such as lime peroxide and soil conditioners such as lime hydroxide, which have been treated with organic matter or lime to maintain soil quality. . Furthermore, by adding sodium salt of polyacrylic acid as a soil stabilizer, the aggregate structure can be further stabilized. Therefore, unlike semi-kneaded soil with high moisture content such as plowed soil, directly plowed seed rice is covered with dry crushed soil having the above-mentioned aggregate structure, which is effective for seed germination. Enough air (oxygen) can be provided. In particular, when water falls from a flooded paddy field, the covered soil is in aggregate form, so air (oxygen) is easily supplied and there is no problem with germination.
A uniform and good germination condition can be obtained overall. Furthermore, the covering soil is mixed with a soil conditioner to correct soil acidity and an inhibitor to prevent seedling rot, ensuring nearly 100% germination. The results of the present invention are compared with the conventional example and are shown in the table below. The table shows the results of investigating the germination rate over a 1 m ² area on the 14th day of sowing.

[Table] As explained above, according to the present invention, while supplying sufficient oxygen to the seeds, they are also protected from sparrow damage, drying damage, and herbicide damage, preventing rotting of the seed rice, and ensuring uniform and good germination. This results in a nearly 20% improvement in seedling establishment rate compared to the conventional method of covering with substitute soil. In addition, since aggregated dry covering soil is used, soil covering work can be done in conjunction with a conventionally used seeding machine by making a slight improvement, and it is also possible to cover a certain amount of soil using a feeding device. There is also the advantage that it is possible to

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 3 show embodiments of the soil covering work of the present invention, Figure 1 is a side structural view showing one embodiment of the equipment for implementation, and Figure 2 is a partially sectional side view of the soil covering supply device. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the implementation state of the seeding groove section. 1... Traction vehicle body, 4... Soil covering supply device, 5...
Seed supply device, 6... sled-shaped grounding body, 7... feeding device, 8... feeding roll, 9... chute,
A... Covering soil, B... Groove, C... Seed rice, D... Field surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A groove is created on the surface of a field that has been raked and leveled, seed rice is directly sown in the groove, and the seed rice in the groove is covered with dry crushed soil having a granular structure mixed with an anti-rot agent and a soil conditioner to allow germination and growth. A method of directly sowing rice in flooded soil, which is characterized by: