JPS6332959B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing rock, concrete, etc. by inserting it into a hole drilled in rock, concrete, etc.

(Conventional structure and its problems) The most common method for crushing rocks has been the blasting method, but with this method, noise,
Vibrations are generated and have a negative impact on the surrounding environment.
Furthermore, dust is generated, which causes deterioration of the underground working environment. Therefore, there is a need for a rock crushing method that generates less noise, vibration, and dust.

Recently, as a method of this kind, a cement-based filler is filled into holes drilled in the rock, and the filler is expanded through a chemical reaction, and the rock is statically crushed by the expansion pressure. However, this construction method has drawbacks such as poor work efficiency due to the long reaction time of the cement filler, and moreover, it is economically expensive.

In addition, in such a crushing method, the destructive force on the hole wall acts almost uniformly toward the rock around the hole, resulting in many cracks in the rock, resulting in, for example, in tunnel excavation. The problem is that cracks appear in the tunnel wall surface of the desired shape, resulting in falling skin and falling rocks, and the wall surface becomes uneven.As a result, the ground around the tunnel becomes loose, requiring work to break down the ground, and requiring a lot of concrete lining. Has a point.

Therefore, a method of destroying rock etc. along a desired shape is desired, and such a method involves drilling a blast hole along the tunnel shape and injecting high-pressure jet water into the blast hole in the direction of the tunnel. A method has been developed in which blasting is carried out by forming a slit, then charging the slit with a charge.

However, according to this method, a new slit forming operation is required, which complicates the crushing operation process.Furthermore, since blasting is performed, noise and vibration are generated.

(Purpose of the Invention) The purpose of the present invention is to improve the various problems and inconveniences of the conventional construction methods described above, and it does not generate noise or vibration and can be carried out in a relatively short period of time in a good working environment. To provide a crushing device capable of achieving desired crushing of an object to be crushed.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for crushing rock, etc. of the present invention includes a cylindrical elastic expandable body such as a rubber tube inserted into a metal rod body, and a semi-cylindrical shape attached to the outer periphery of the expandable body. After attaching a pair of rigid plates and inserting them into a hole drilled in rock, etc., high-pressure liquid is injected into the cylindrical elastic expansion body through the liquid injection hole provided in the axial direction of the metal rod. As a result, the elastic expandable body is expanded to generate cracks in the rock, etc. around the hole in a direction parallel to the rigid plate through the rigid plate.

(Description of Embodiments) Embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
is a metal bar made of steel bar material, with screws 2 and 3 carved into the outer periphery of both ends thereof, and a liquid press-in hole 4 extending from the center of one end surface to the middle of the metal bar 1 in the axial direction. is bored, and the tip of the liquid press-in hole 4 is an opening 5 in the outer circumferential surface of the central portion of the metal rod 1 in the longitudinal direction.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a cylindrical elastic expandable body made of a relatively thick rubber tube, and inner cylindrical parts 7, 7 each having a shape that is folded back and bent toward the inner periphery are integrally connected to openings at both ends thereof.

The metal rod 1 is inserted into the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6 such that both ends of the metal rod 1 protrude from both end openings of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6. The inner circumferential surfaces of the inner cylindrical portions 7, 7 are brought into close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the metal rod body 1 due to their elastic force.

8 is the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical elastic expansion body 6 and the metal rod body 1
A hydraulic pressure chamber having an annular cross section is formed between the outer circumferential surfaces of the hydraulic pressure chamber 8 and the liquid pressure injection hole 4 is communicated with the hydraulic pressure chamber 8.

Reference numerals 9, 9 denote a pair of rigid plates having a semicircular cross section and having approximately the same length as the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6. These rigid plates 9, 9 cover the entire circumferential surface of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6. are covered and their both ends are joined 9' so that they can be moved into and out of contact with each other.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rigid plate 9 includes a semi-cylindrical inner piece 10 having an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6, and a semi-cylindrical inner piece 10 inscribed in the outer periphery of the inner piece 10. The inner and outer pieces 10 and 11 are fitted and fixed to each other with appropriate dimensions shifted in the circumferential direction, and the inner piece 10 is attached to one end edge.
The inner protruding ear part 12 is formed by the protruding edge of the outer piece 11, and the outer protruding ear part 1 is formed by the protruding edge of the outer piece 11 on the other side edge.
A pair of such rigid plates 9, 9 are assembled into a cylindrical shape that covers the elastic inflatable body 6 as described above by fitting the inner and outer protruding ears 12, 13 into each other. .

Reference numerals 14 and 14 denote expansion prevention members made of washers, which are inserted from both ends of the metal rod body 1, and whose opposing surfaces are connected to a cylindrical elastic expandable body 6 and rigid plates 9, 9 fitted over this expandable body.
It is in contact with and received on both end faces of.

15, 15 are screws 2, 3 at both ends of the metal rod 1
Nut-shaped stoppers are screwed into the cylindrical elastic expandable bodies 6, respectively, and their inner surfaces are brought into contact with the countersunk washers 9, 9 to restrain the longitudinal extension of the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6 via the stoppers 14, 14. be.

Reference numeral 16 indicates the liquid press-in hole 4 on one end surface of the metal rod 1.
It is a connecting pipe disposed in communication with the screw 2, and is fixed by a cap nut-shaped connecting fitting 17 screwed onto the screw 2.

To explain an example of the use of the device for crushing rocks and the like constructed in this manner, first, a circular hole b having a diameter slightly larger than that of the crushing device is bored in a rock mass a to be crushed using a drill.

Next, after inserting the crushing device into the circular hole b,
When a high-pressure pump (not shown) connected to the connecting pipe 16 via piping (not shown) is driven, liquid such as water is forced into the hydraulic chamber 8 through the liquid injection hole 4.
The cylindrical elastic expandable body 6 is pressurized and expanded.

When the cylindrical elastic expandable body 6 starts to expand, the rigid plates 9 expand in the outer diameter direction, and the gap c in the circular hole b is
It contacts the inner circumferential wall of the circular hole b and attempts to expand further.

At this time, the elastic expandable body 6 tries to expand in its longitudinal direction, but this expansion is prevented by the stoppers 15, 15.
It is prevented by expansion prevention members 14, 14 fixed by , and therefore expands only in the diametrical direction.

Furthermore, when the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 8 increases, hydraulic pressure acts on the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner cylindrical parts 7 and 7 at both ends of the cylindrical elastic body 6, causing the inner cylindrical parts 7 and 7 to move around the outer periphery of the metal rod 1. Firmly adheres to the surface and provides a reliable seal.

After the rigid plates 9, 9 are pressed against the inner circumferential wall of the circular hole b, when pressurized liquid is further pressurized into the hydraulic chamber 8, the expansion pressure of the elastic expandable body 6 acts on the rock mass a, and the pressurizing force is applied to the rock mass. When the strength reaches or exceeds , the rock mass a cracks d
is generated and crushed.

That is, the rigid plate 9 is a rigid body, and is made of semi-cylindrical pieces connected to each other by the protruding ears 12 and 13.
The expansion pressure of the elastic expandable body 6 acts on the entire inner circumferential surface of the inner piece 10 of the rigid plates 9, 9, but the rigid plates only cover the upper and lower surfaces in the figure with the contact surface 9 where the rigid plates 9, 9 are stacked as boundaries. The expansion force acts only in the direction of movement, that is, in the vertical direction. Therefore,
Tensile force is generated in the vertical direction of the rock, and when the tensile force is exceeded, cracks d occur only in the horizontal direction.

4 to 9 show other shapes of the rigid plate, and FIGS. 4 to 7 show a semi-cylindrical outer piece 10,
11 are fixed integrally with appropriate dimensions shifted in the circumferential direction to provide protruding ears 12 and 13, and a semi-disc-shaped expansion prevention material 1 is provided on one end surface thereof.
4a and 14b are fixed together.
The length of these inner and outer pieces 10 and 11 is formed to be half the length of the rigid plate 9 in the above embodiment, and when used, these divided rigid plates are appropriately combined to form the inner and outer pieces. 10, 11 protruding ends 20,
21 which are slidably overlapped in the length direction are fitted onto the inflatable body 6. With this configuration, the inflatable body 6 expands and the metal rod 1 is caused to expand due to the expansion pressure. It can be made to follow the slight expansion.

Further, although the outer surface of the rigid plate in each of the above embodiments is formed into a circular shape, it may be formed into a convex arc-shaped surface, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In short, only the working surface is Any surface that matches the shape of the hole wall may be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the rock crushing device of the present invention, the cylindrical elastic expandable body is restrained from expanding in the longitudinal direction by the expansion prevention material whose both end faces are fixed to the metal rod, and the rock The elastic expandable body expands only in the cross-sectional direction of the hole drilled in the concrete, etc., and the elastic expandable body is covered with a split rigid plate, so the pressure liquid that is forced into the hydraulic chamber causes the elastic expandable body to expand in proportion to the outer circumferential area of the elastic expandable body. A large pressure can be applied to the rock mass in two directions through the semi-cylindrical rigid plates connected to each other, and the rock mass can be fractured by generating cracks in any direction. In addition, since the inflatable body is covered with a rigid plate, the expansion pressure can be applied effectively even if there are cracks in the drilled rock, and the inflatable body is protected during expansion to prevent damage. It is something that can be done.

In addition, by simply pressurizing the inside of the inflatable body with liquid, it can be crushed in any direction without forming slits, making it possible to smoothly excavate walls such as tunnels, and shortening the construction period without the need for countermeasure work. can be achieved.

Furthermore, since the crushing device crushes rock by simply inserting the crushing device into a hole and injecting liquid into the hydraulic pressure chamber using a pump, the crushing work can be done quickly and noise and vibrations are generated. This can improve the working environment without any problems.

Furthermore, since this crushing device can be reused, the crushing work can be carried out efficiently and economically.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of the semi-cylindrical rigid plate inserted into a hole drilled in a rock, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a semi-cylindrical rigid plate, and FIG. FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A during expansion, and FIGS. 4 to 9 are perspective views showing various embodiments of the rigid plate. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Metal rod body, 4... Liquid press-in hole, 6... Cylindrical elastic expansion body, 7, 7... Inner cylinder part, 8... Hydraulic pressure chamber, 9, 9... Rigid plate, 12, 13 ... Inner and outer protruding ears, 14, 14... Stoppers, 15, 15
……Fasteners.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A metal rod is inserted into a cylindrical elastic expandable body which is formed by integrally connecting inner cylinder portions that are folded back and bent toward the inner circumference at both end openings, and the inner cylinder portions at both ends are inserted into the metal rod body. A pair of semi-cylindrical rigid plates are placed in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical elastic expandable body and are attached to the outer circumference of the cylindrical elastic expandable body so as to be able to move toward and away from it in the radial direction of the expandable body. A liquid press-in hole is bored in the hole, and the liquid press-in hole is communicated with a hydraulic pressure chamber formed by the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical elastic expandable body and the outer circumferential surface of the metal rod. 1. An apparatus for crushing rocks, etc., characterized in that the cylindrical elastic expandable body is configured to expand in the outer circumferential direction by pressurizing a liquid into the cylindrical elastic expandable body.