JPS633292A - Fast breeder reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactor, and in particular, the present invention relates to a liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactor, and in particular, a reactor core, a primary cooling system, and a secondary cooling nI system are assembled into modules. Concerning fast breeder reactors that have become more advanced.

(Prior Art) Generally, a liquid metal such as liquid metal sodium is used as a primary coolant in a fast breeder reactor.

In such a nuclear reactor, the primary coolant passing through the core is strongly activated, so a primary circulation pump circulates the primary coolant through the core and intermediate heat exchanger.
This intermediate heat exchanger exchanges heat with the secondary coolant, and the secondary coolant is further circulated through a steam generator etc. by a secondary circulation pump to generate 4q of high-pressure steam.

There are two types of fast breeder reactors: loop type and tank type. An example of a loop type fast breeder reactor is shown in Figure 6, which has a primary cooling system.
, has a secondary cooling system ■ and a steam system ■, and has a reactor vessel 1o.
1 contains a primary coolant 102 such as liquid metal sodium and a reactor core 103.

The reactor core 103 is composed of a plurality of fuel assemblies and control rods (not shown), and the upper opening 104 of the reactor vessel 101 is closed by a roof slab 105.

The reactor vessel 101 has a closed-loop primary cooling system in which the primary coolant 102 is circulated by connecting the primary side of the intermediate heat exchanger 107 and the primary circulation pump 108 sequentially and in a loop via primary cooling piping 106. is forming.

In addition, a steam generator 11 is connected to the secondary side that exchanges heat with the primary side of the intermediate heat exchanger 107 via a secondary cooling pipe 109.
A closed-loop secondary cooling system in which the cooling flow path between the inside of the outside 11 of the 0 and the outside of the heat transfer tube 110A and the secondary circulation pump 111 are connected sequentially and in a loop, and the secondary coolant 112 is circulated. is formed.

Furthermore, the steam outlet of the heat transfer tube 110A of the steam generator 110 is connected to the steam inlet of a steam turbine 114 via a steam pipe 113, and a water supply pump 116 is connected to a turbine condenser 115.
The water supply inlet of the heat transfer tube 110A of the steam generator 110 is communicated with the water supply inlet of the heat transfer tube 110A of the steam generator 110 through a condensate pipe 117 interposed therein, thereby forming a steam system (2).

Therefore, the primary coolant 102 heated in the core 103 in the reactor vessel 101 and heated to a high temperature is transferred to the intermediate heat exchanger 1.
At 07, the secondary coolant 112 is heated while being cooled, and is returned to the reactor vessel 101.

On the other hand, the high temperature secondary coolant 112 heated by the intermediate heat exchanger 107 is transferred to the steam generator 110 through its heat transfer tube 110A.
The feed water supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 107 is heated to generate steam while being cooled and returned to the intermediate heat exchanger 107 again.゛The steam generated in the steam generator 110 is sent to the steam turbine 114.
The steam turbine 114 is sent to the generator 11 to do work.
8 to generate electricity.

The steam that has done work in the steam turbine 114 is cooled in the turbine condenser 115 and condensed into condensate, and this condensate is passed through the condensate pipe 1.
Water is supplied to the steam generator 110 as feed water through 17.

Figure 7 shows an example of the configuration of a tank-type fast breeder reactor, in which the conventional primary cooling system
It is stored in 01.

That is, a reactor vessel 201 houses a primary coolant 202 and a reactor core 203, and the reactor core 203 is composed of a plurality of fuel assemblies and control rods (not shown), and is connected to the reactor vessel via a core support bridge 204. It is supported by 201.

The interior of the reactor vessel 201 is vertically divided into two parts by a partition wall 205, with the upper part serving as an upper plenum 206 and the lower part serving as a lower plenum 207. The upper opening 201A of the reactor vessel 201 is closed by a roof slab 208, and the core inside thereof is 2
On the outer circumferential side of 03, a plurality of primary system (2) intermediate heat exchangers 209 and primary circulation pumps 210 are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

In addition, the reference numeral 211 in the figure indicates the reactor building, the reference numeral 212 indicates the safety container, and the secondary cooling pipe ■ and the steam system ■ are the sixth
It has the same structure as the loop type shown in the figure, so
In FIG. 7, the same parts are marked with the same numbers, and redundant explanations thereof will be omitted.

According to such a conventional example, the primary coolant 202 is
It is heated by the nuclear reaction heat of 3 and rises to a high temperature. The hot primary coolant 202 flows into the upper plenum 206 and then into the intermediate heat exchanger 209 where it exchanges heat with the secondary coolant 112 and is cooled. The cooled primary coolant 202 flows into the lower plenum 207 within the reactor vessel 201 and further into the primary circulation pump 210 . The core 2 is pressurized again by this primary circulation pump 210.
03 is supplied below.

However, the conventional examples configured in this manner have the following problems. In the case of a loop type fast breeder reactor, the primary cooling pipe 106 and the secondary cooling pipe 109 are located outside the reactor vessel 101? ! As a result, the equipment becomes large in size, and the reactor building that houses the entire reactor also becomes large.

On the other hand, in the case of a tank-type fast breeder reactor, the intermediate heat exchanger 2
09 and the primary circulation pump 210 are housed inside the reactor vessel 201, it is possible to omit the arrangement of the primary cooling piping outside the reactor vessel 201. There is a problem in that it is necessary to provide piping outside the reactor vessel 201, and the reactor vessel 201 becomes larger. In addition, such a reactor vessel 20
Due to the increase in the size of reactor vessel 201, the reactor vessel 201 has to be divided into complicated parts for transport reasons, but these divided parts have to be assembled on site, which is difficult.

Furthermore, as described above, since the primary circulation pump 210J5 and the intermediate heat exchanger 209 are housed inside the reactor vessel 201, there is no space inside the reactor vessel 201, and maintenance and inspection work is difficult. This worsened workability.

As described above, conventional fast breeder reactors, both loop-type and tank-type, have the problem of becoming larger and more complex. This is due to the fact that the secondary cooling system (2) is interposed between the primary cooling system (2) and the steam system (2).

Therefore, in view of the circumstances, what was decided was Jikai Dn 6.
This is a double tank type fast breeder reactor published in Publication No. 0-57289.

This is constructed as shown in FIG. 8, and has two tanks located outside a reactor vessel (primary cooling system tank) 305 that houses a reactor core 301, an intermediate heat exchanger 302, and a primary circulation pump 303 together with a primary coolant 304. A secondary cooling system tank 306 is installed, and the upper surface opening of the tank 306 is closed by a roof slab 307.

Then, an annulus space between the reactor vessel 305 and the secondary cooling system tank 306, a secondary circulation pump 308, and a steam generator 309 are arranged, and a secondary coolant 31
Fill with liquid metal sodium which is 0. The secondary circulation pump 308 and the steam generator 309 are suspended from the roof slab 307 like the primary system equipment, and have the same number of bases as the intermediate heat exchanger 302 due to the secondary coolant flow path configuration.

The steam system (■) has the same structure as the loop fast breeder reactor shown in Figure 6, so the same reference numerals are given in Figure 8.
The redundant explanation has been omitted.

In the conventional double-tank fast breeder reactor configured in this way, the primary and secondary cooling pipes 106 and 109 (see Figure 6) can be omitted, but the reactor vessel 305 becomes larger and more complex. is unavoidable.

On-site assembly work during plant construction became difficult.
There was a problem that workability deteriorated and the construction period of yA became longer.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, conventional fast breeder reactors have problems such as the complicated and large piping configuration or the large size of the reactor vessels 201 and 305. This increases the difficulty of on-site assembly during plant construction, worsens work efficiency, and lengthens the construction period.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is a system in which a primary cooling system and a secondary cooling 741 system are each modularized, and are configured as follows.

The core into which the control rods are inserted is immersed in the primary coolant and housed! A primary system module that integrates an intermediate heat exchanger and a primary circulation pump in a closed vessel, and uses the primary circulation pump to forcefully circulate the primary coolant through the intermediate heat exchanger into the reactor core, and a steam generator and a secondary circulation pump. It is divided into a secondary system module, which uses a secondary circulation pump to circulate secondary coolant to a steam generator and generates steam in the steam generator, a low-temperature coolant plenum, and a high-temperature coolant plenum. The reactor vessel has a reactor vessel in which a secondary coolant is filled, and the primary system module and secondary system module are arranged in the reactor vessel, and the reactor is supplied through the intermediate heat exchanger and steam generator. A low temperature coolant plenum and a high temperature coolant plenum of the vessel are connected.

(Operation) When the fast breeder reactor is operated, the core of the primary system module heats the primary coolant.

As a result, the primary cold FJL material heated to a high temperature of 77 g is transferred to the reactor core by the primary circulation pump through the intermediate heat exchanger.
During this period, it is heated and cooled by exchanging heat with the low-temperature secondary cold nJ material introduced from the low-temperature coolant plenum in the reactor vessel in the intermediate heat exchanger.

The high temperature secondary coolant heated by the intermediate heat exchanger flows out from the intermediate heat exchanger into the high temperature coolant plenum of the reactor vessel and is then introduced into the steam generator of the secondary system module.

In the steam generator, high-temperature secondary coolant heats the feed water to generate steam while being cooled, and this low-temperature secondary coolant is discharged by a secondary circulation pump to the 1-material plenum for low-temperature cooling of the reactor vessel. be done.

After this, the secondary coolant in the reactor vessel is heated and raised in temperature by the primary system module, and steam is generated in the secondary system module to 15U again, and the low temperature coolant plenum and R't4 cold kJ material plenum are heated. Do not repeat the cycle between.

Steam generated in the steam generator of the secondary system module (supplied to a steam turbine, etc. to do work).

(Real/11] column) Hereinafter, examples of actual drops of the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 1 to 5.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a primary system module 2 and a secondary system module 3 are suspended within a reactor vessel 1.

The reactor vessel 1 accommodates a secondary coolant 4 therein, has an upper end opening closed by a roof slab 5, and has a high-temperature coolant plenum 7 and a low-temperature coolant plenum 8 separated by partition walls 6.
It is divided into two vertically.

The primary system module 2 is constructed as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and contains a reactor core 10 immersed in a single primary coolant in a closed container 9.

A plurality of control rods 12 are inserted into and removed from the core 10, and
The reactor core reactivity is controlled, and these control rods 12 are each driven by a plurality of control rod drive mechanisms 14 erected on a shielding plug 13 that closes the upper end opening of the closed vessel 9. It has become.

Intermediate heat exchangers 15 are arranged around the outer periphery of the core 10 within the closed vessel 9 at a required interval.

The intermediate heat exchanger 15 has heat transfer tube bundles 15a arranged concentrically around the outer periphery of the reactor core 10 at predetermined intervals.
The heat exchanger tube outer shell 15c covers the outer circumference of the heat exchanger tube. A seal skirt 1 is provided on the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube outer body 15c.
6 is tightly fitted onto the outside, and the lower end of this seal skirt 16 is fixed to the partition wall 6.

The heat exchanger tube bundle 15a has a large number of heat exchanger tubes with secondary cooling NL material 4 inside.
At the same time, a required gap is set between these heat transfer tubes in the flow path of the primary coolant 11, and the primary side inlet 15d is in the upper part of the flow path, and the primary side outlet is in the lower part. 1
5e is open.

In addition, a secondary side outlet 15f is opened at the upper part of the heat transfer tube bundle 15a, and a secondary side inlet 15 (J) is opened at the lower part of the heat exchanger tube bundle 15a.
and are communicated through the inside of the heat exchanger tube bundle 15a.

Below the core 10, a primary circulation pump 17 consisting of a ml pump is installed in the closed vessel 9, and this primary circulation pump 17 connects the primary side outlet 15e of the intermediate heat exchanger 15 to the core
A cylindrical iron core 17b is provided on the inner periphery of the annulus flow path of this pump casing 17a, and a magnetic field excitation coil 17C is coaxially arranged around the outer periphery of the iron core 17b. It is set up and configured.

On the other hand, the secondary system module 3 is configured as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and the steam generator 18 houses an evaporation tube 18b in an outer shell 18a, and its upper end opening is sealed with an ME plug 19. A plurality of secondary side openings 18c are opened in the circumferential direction in the axially intermediate portion of the outer shell 18a, and the secondary coolant 4 is introduced into the outer shell 18a.

The evaporation pipe 18b is connected to a water supply header 20 for supplying water and an air outlet header 21, and an electromagnetic pump 22 is connected to the inner circumference of the annulus flow path of the discharge nozzle 18d. An iron core 22a is provided, and this iron core 22
The excitation coil 22b is provided concentrically on the outer periphery of a, and the outer 311
The secondary coolant 4 in 8a is discharged into a low temperature coolant plenum 8.

A seal skirt 23 is provided on the outer circumference of the axially intermediate portion of the outer body 18a.
is fitted, and its lower end is fixed to the partition wall 6.

Note that in FIGS. 1 to 3, white arrows indicate the primary coolant 11, and black arrows indicate the flow direction of the secondary coolant 4.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When the fast breeder reactor is operated, the primary coolant 11 in the primary system module 2 is heated to a high temperature, and as shown by the white arrow, the heat transfer tube bundle 15a is transferred from the primary side population 15Cj of the intermediate heat exchanger 15. flows outside and flows down.

At this time, the low-temperature secondary coolant 4 from the low-temperature coolant plenum 8 flows into the heat transfer tube bundle 15a from the secondary side inlet 15g, and is exchanged with the higher-temperature primary coolant 11 in the intermediate heat exchange Z15. The low temperature secondary coolant 4 exchanges heat, and the primary coolant 11 becomes low temperature 1! The temperature of the secondary coolant 4 increases to 8.

The primary coolant 11, which has cooled to a low temperature, enters the pump casing 17a of the primary circulation pump 17 from the primary side outlet 15e of the intermediate heat exchanger 15, where it is connected to the excitation coil 17C, which generates a moving magnetic field, and the iron core 17b. As it flows through the annulus space, it is pressurized and forced to circulate below the core 10.

- On the other hand, the high-temperature secondary coolant 4 heated by the intermediate heat exchanger 15 of the primary system module 2 flows out from the secondary side outlet 15f of the heat transfer tube bundle 15a to the high-temperature coolant plenum 7 of the reactor vessel 1. Then, it is introduced into the outside 1j 118a from the secondary side population 18c of the steam generator 18 of the secondary system module 3.

Outside this & inside 18a, the high temperature secondary cooling IJ material 4 is in the evaporation tube 1.
The water supplied into the tank 8b is heated to generate steam, while being cooled down to a lower temperature. This low-temperature secondary coolant 4 is pressurized by the secondary circulation pump 22 and discharged from the discharge nozzle 18.
d is discharged to the low temperature coolant plenum 8.

On the other hand, the steam generated in the evaporator tube 18b is supplied to a steam system (not shown) through the steam outlet header 21.

Since this embodiment is configured in this manner, the number of piping for the primary cooling system and the secondary cooling system can be reduced.

Moreover, since the reactor core, primary cooling system, and secondary cooling system separate units are modularized, factory production is possible, improving quality and improving work efficiency such as assembly at the plant construction site. The plant construction period can be shortened.

4 and 5 show other embodiments of the present invention, in which a plurality of pairs of the primary system module 2 and secondary system module 3 of the above embodiment are installed in the reactor vessel 1. It is suspended.

According to this embodiment, by appropriately selecting the installation logarithm of the primary system module 2 and the secondary system module 3, it is possible to easily meet various demands for plant capacity.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention modularizes the core, the primary cooling system, and the secondary cooling system, so it is possible to improve workability such as assembly work at the plant construction site, and shorten the blunt construction period. can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the overall configuration of a one-dimensional example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing a partial cross-section of the primary system module shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a conventional Lubach 1 high-speed multiplication device. FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional tank type fast breeder reactor, and FIG. 8 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional double tank type fast breeder reactor. 1... Reactor vessel, 2... Joule on the primary system, 3.
...Secondary system module, 4...Secondary coolant, 5...
Roof lap, 6... Partition wall, 7... High temperature coolant plenum 1, 1 8... Low temperature coolant plenum, 9... Closed container, 10
...-6-~' Reactor core, 11...Primary coolant, 12...Archive rod, 1
5... Intermediate heat exchanger, 17... Primary circulation pump, 1
8...Steam generator, 22...Secondary circulation pump. Applicant's agent Hisashi Hatano ◆Second; Ready-to-read material Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] An intermediate heat exchanger and a primary circulation pump are integrated into a sealed container that houses the reactor core in which the control rods are inserted and removed by immersing it in the primary coolant, and the primary circulation pump supplies the primary coolant to the reactor core through the intermediate heat exchanger. A secondary system module that integrates a primary system module for forced circulation, a steam generator, and a secondary circulation pump, and uses the secondary circulation pump to circulate the secondary coolant to the steam generator to generate steam. system module, and a reactor vessel that is partitioned into a low-temperature coolant plenum and a high-temperature coolant plenum and is filled with a secondary coolant, and the primary system module and the secondary system module are installed in the reactor vessel. 1. A fast breeder reactor, characterized in that a low temperature coolant plenum and a high temperature coolant plenum of a reactor vessel are connected to each other through an intermediate heat exchanger and a steam generator.