JPS6332167A - Speed governor for water turbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve responsiveness of the speed governor in the above caption for load decreasing, by disconnecting a speed setting unit from a low values priority circuit when the load to a water turbine is suddenly decreased, and connecting a constant output circuit to said low values priority circuit instead. CONSTITUTION:A speed governor determines the guide vane opening of a water turbine by a signal inputted to a low values priority circuit 16. In the condition with a normal turbine load, an opening computing/regulating unit 11 is connected to said low values priority circuit 16, but, when the load is cut off, a constant output circuit 20 is connected to said low values priority circuit 16. As said constant output circuit 20 outputs a constant value 21 smaller than the smallest value of deviation 28, a water flow regulating means for a water turbine can be controlled with good responsiveness even when the load to the turbine is cut off.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a regulator of a water turbine generator.

(Prior art) Figure 2 shows the configuration of a conventional water turbine generator by speed governor.
There is a block diagram. The first signal (guide vane 1 degree command value 112) and the second signal (Gfi 128) obtained from the iri tip tip circuit 116 are set so that The height of the guide vane 106 is determined by a signal with a small value on the back side.L! A frequency 103 as a value corresponding to the rotation speed of the generator, a setting value 105 set by the speed setting device 104, and a guide vane distance value 107 indicating the current opening degree of the guide vane 10G by J'3. Rigidity/elasticity restoration W device 108
The value of 109 was obtained when the bell was played, and the deviation was 1.
10 is blue. The e-difference 110 is subjected to various operations such as proportionality P, integral I, and differentiation by the opening degree calculation adjuster 111 in the next stage to determine the appropriate guide vane opening degree 1n order value 11.
2 is generated. The command value 112 is the low value priority circuit 11
6 is input. Another signal is input to the low value priority circuit 116. That is, the set value 125 is output from the load limiter 124 in response to the control signal 123 from the automatic load regulator (or automatic water level regulator) 122.

The set value 125 and the guide vane distance value 107 corresponding to the anal hearing of the guide vane 106 are subtracted by a subtracter 130 to generate a deviation 128, and the deviation 128 is input to the low value priority circuit 116. .

The low value priority circuit 116 selectively outputs a signal indicating a small value behind the two inputs, the struck guide vane opening command value 112 and the deviation 128, and adds it to the next stage 1 novo [-ta] 129. drive it. The opening degree fil+ of the guide vane 106 is controlled by driving the revo motor 129.

Start a water turbine generator using the speed governor described above fJJ-
! To achieve this, it is sufficient to set the speed setter 104 to the rated speed of the water wheel and set the automatic load adjuster 122 to the maximum value, thereby starting the water wheel 1 and rotating at the rated speed.゛After the electric machine is paralleled to the grid, either governor-free operation (operation using governor) or load limiting operation-
The load on the water turbine generator is controlled by operating either of them.

Governor free operation is performed as follows. That is, first, the automatic load regulator 122 is adjusted to make the set value 125 (deviation 128) output from the load m1ll limiter 124 the maximum value.As a result, the deviation 128 is always greater than the guide vane opening command value 112. Increases.Low value priority circuit 1
16 always outputs a guide vane opening command value 112. Load control is performed using the command value 112. The command value 112 is adjusted by changing the set value 105 of the speed setter 104. Therefore, zero load control is performed by adjusting the speed setter 104.

Further, load limiting operation is performed as follows. That is, first, the speed setter 104 sets the set value 105 (guide vane opening command value 112) to the maximum value. As a result, the guide vane opening command value 112 is always more crowded than the deviation 128. Low value (7) The deviation 128 is always output from the preceding circuit 116. Load control is performed based on the deviation 128. The deviation 128 is adjusted by the load regulator 1.
This is done by adjusting 22. Therefore, load control is performed by adjusting the load adjuster 122.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The above-mentioned governor-free operation has a problem in that the water turbine output fluctuates depending on the system frequency and is unstable.

In view of this problem, load limiting operation has the advantage that stable operation is possible without changing the turbine output even if the system frequency fluctuates.1': I get caught. However, when the load suddenly becomes lighter, such as when the system becomes isolated or when the load is cut off, it takes time for the speed regulating effect to work.
There is a risk of the water turbine overspeeding. In order to solve this problem, there is a method of controlling the speed setter 104 and the load limiter 124 by constantly connecting IJJ, but this control method is complicated and requires high-level equipment to implement it. rIIIi
It is inevitable that it will become something.

The object of the present invention is to respond to the load reduction with good responsiveness even when the load is suddenly and significantly reduced due to load shedding or TL independent systemization during load limiting operation. The objective is to provide a highly functional speed governor.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for solving the problem) The speed governor of the present invention has a first
and a second signal corresponding to the set value in the negative ^1 limiter are respectively applied to the low value P priority circuit, and the low value output from the low value priority circuit behind the first and second signals is applied to the low value P priority circuit. In the speed regulator of the water turbine generator, the water in the water turbine generator is controlled by the regulating means 2a according to the value signal, and a constant value output that outputs a constant value smaller than the summed low value of the second signal. circuit and;
A switching circuit which disconnects the speed setter from the low value 9 ahead circuit and connects the constant 1ifl output circuit to the low value priority circuit in the rapid load reduction 1r, '1; be done.

(Function) In normal load conditions other than load cutoff, etc., the speed setter is connected to the low 1llI priority circuit by the switching circuit. Therefore, load limiting operation is performed by setting the maximum value with the speed setting device and making the first signal from the speed setting device slightly higher than the maximum value of the second signal from the load limiter. For example, if a load interruption occurs during this operation,
The switching circuit switches the speed setter from the low priority circuit and connects the constant value output circuit to the low priority circuit.

Since the constant value output from the constant value output circuit is smaller than the second signal, the constant value is output from the low value priority circuit, and the water ID adjustment means is controlled with good responsiveness by the constant value, thereby reducing the load. Increase in speed of the water turbine is suppressed as much as possible during times of shut-off, etc.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a speed governor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As will be described in detail later, the speed governor is configured to determine the first opening of the guide vane based on a signal of a smaller value behind the first and second signals applied to the low value priority circuit 16. Both governor free operation and load limiting operation are possible.The second signal is as follows:
A deviation 28 between the guide vane opening value 7 and the set value 25 of the load limiter 24 is used. As the first signal, either the guide vane opening command value 12 or the constant value 21 is used by switching according to a change in the load state. By switching, the load-restricted operation can be switched directly to governor-free operation, making it possible to respond to 1!18 when switching to independent system or load shedding.

That is, 1 is an adjuster n, and this adjuster n 1 has a frequency 3 which is a value corresponding to the rotational speed of the water turbine power generator detected by a frequency detector 2, and a speed setting P! The set value 5 set in step 4 and the calculation 19 obtained by calculating the guide vane distance a value 7 indicating the current opening degree of the guide vane 6 by the rigidity/elasticity restoration calculator 8 are added, and a deviation of 10 is obtained. The deviation 10 is subjected to various calculations such as proportionality P, integral I, and differentiation by an opening calculation regulator 11 in the next stage, and an appropriate guide vane opening command value 12 is generated. The command value 12 is transmitted to the low value priority circuit 16 via the first contact 14 of the single detection switching circuit 13. The switching circuit 13 is
It repeats "C operation and recovery in response to changes in load conditions. In other words, under normal load conditions, it operates and the first
Then, switch the second contacts 14 and 15 from the illustrated position to another position, and when the negative 6H is significantly reduced, such as when the load is cut off or the system becomes an isolated system, return to the 8 contact +:, t
14.

15 from another position to the position shown. The constant value output circuit 20 outputs a low value through the second contact 15 to the low value ta destination circuit 1.
6. Therefore, under normal load conditions, the opening degree regulator 11 is connected to the low value priority circuit 16, but when the load is cut off, the constant value output circuit 20 is connected to the low value priority circuit 16. The constant value output circuit 2
0 outputs a constant value 21 that is b smaller than the lowest value of the 1lili difference 28, which will be described later. Another signal is input to the low t11is ahead circuit 16. That is, it is output from the load limiter 24 in response to the control signal 23 from the automatic load regulator (or automatic water level regulator) 22 . The set value 25 and the guide vane opening value 7 corresponding to the opening degree of the guide vane 6 are subtracted by the attenuator 30 to generate a deviation 28. The deviation 28 is inputted to the low value priority circuit 16. A signal indicating the value is selectively outputted and applied to the next stage ribo motor 29 to drive it.The opening degree of the guide vane 6 is controlled by driving the ribo motor 29.

Start the water-in generator using the speed regulator described above.
To do so, the speed setting device 4 may be set to the underwater rated speed j, and the automatic load adjuster 22 may be set to the maximum value. Upon activation, the independent detection switching circuit 13 detects the load condition and operates to switch the first and second contacts 14, 15 from the illustrated position to another position. Thereby, it starts up and rotates at the rated speed set by the speed setting device 4 while underwater. After the power generators are connected in parallel to the grid, either governor-free operation or load limiting operation is possible, and either of these operations results in 2:1 load control for each water turbine power generation. During any of these operations, under load conditions of on and off, the individual detection switching circuit 13 holds the contacts 14 and 15 at other positions (not shown). Therefore, the governor tree operation is performed as follows.

First, the automatic load adjuster 22 is adjusted to set the set value 25 (o=difference 28) output from the load limiter 2/I as the maximum ship. As a result, the deviation 28 is always 6 larger than the guide vane opening command io'+12. The guide vane opening degree command value 12 is immediately output from the low value priority circuit 16. By that command 1+I'112 -C negative 6? fa, I
Adjustment of the command value 12 in which the I-group is carried out can be performed by changing the setting value 5 of the speed setting device 4. Therefore, load control 211 is performed by adjusting the speed setter 4.

In addition, the load limiting operation is carried out as follows. That is, first, the speed setter 4 sets the set value 5 (guide vane opening command 1 to 12) to a maximum of 1.

As a result, the guide vane opening command value 12 is always larger than the deviation 28. Low i (i The deviation 28 is always output from the il destination circuit 16. The deviation 2B causes negative 6
I-system fill is performed. Adjustment of the deviation 28 is performed 4c by adjusting the load regulator 22. Therefore, by adjusting the load adjuster 22, the load ailJ 121
+ is performed.

In the load limit operation M rotation, negative? When the load is suddenly reduced by 4+1 due to JL, disconnection, or independent systemization, the independent detection switching circuit 13 returns and the 1st and 21st yc points 1/
1. Switch 15 from other positions to the position shown.

Due to the change 9), a constant value 21 is input to the low value priority circuit 16 instead of iJ and the guide vane opening command value 12. Therefore, after A, the constant value 21 and the deviation 28 are compared in the pseudo-11I'1 pseudo-prior circuit 16. As mentioned above, since the constant value 21 is set to be smaller than the minimum value of the A difference 28, the low value priority circuit 16 outputs the constant value 21 in place of the previous deviation 28. .That is,
The governor is immediately switched from load-11 limit operation to governor tree operation.

Then, the two servo motors are activated by the constant value 21, and the opening degree of the guide vane 6 is rapidly reduced, thereby minimizing the speed increase 51 of the water turbine.

In the embodiments described above, the adjustment of the guide vane as a means for adjusting the amount of water in Fucinsis water was explained as an example. It goes without saying that this method can be applied to control of needles, etc.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In this way, according to the governor of the present invention, the load limiting operation 11
t: Sometimes the load is too low, and when snow occurs, the water turbine's water δj adjustment means is controlled with good response.
Underwater quick claw 10rP? You can mark the smallest thing possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the speed governor according to the embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a block diagram of a conventional speed governor. 1.101... Adder/subtractor, 2,102... Frequency detector, 3,103... Frequency, 4,104... Speed setter, 5,105... Set value, 6,106... ...Guide vane, 7,107...Guide vane opening feed, 8
゜108...Rigidity/elasticity restoring device, 9,109...
・611Q value, 10,110...deviation, 11,111
...Opening degree calculation adjuster, 12,112...Guide vane IL? Command value, 13...Single detection switching circuit, 14
...1st contact point, 15...21st contact point, 16, 1.1
6...Low value ``4 ahead circuit, 20... Constant value output circuit, 21... Constant value, 22.122... Automatic load adjuster, 23,123... Limit 0 signal, 24.124...
・Load limiter, 25.125...Set value, 28.12
8...Deviation, 29.129...Nervo motor, 30
, 130...Reduction t]; At:.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first signal corresponding to the setting value of the speed setting device and a second signal corresponding to the setting value of the load limiter are respectively added to the low value priority circuit, and the first and second signals are added to the low value priority circuit. In a speed governor of a water turbine generator, the water flow rate adjusting means of the water turbine generator is controlled by a low value signal outputted from a low value priority circuit among the two signals, the lowest value of the second signal being lower than the lowest value of the second signal. a constant value output circuit that outputs a small constant value; a switching circuit that disconnects the speed setter from the low value priority circuit and connects the constant value output circuit to the low value priority circuit when there is a sudden load reduction; A speed governor for a water turbine generator, characterized by being equipped with.