JPS63315822A - Waste disposing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable collection and melting of most of incinerated ash content, by a method wherein the exhaust gas outlet of an incinerator is located in a level higher than that of the discharge port of incinerated ash content. CONSTITUTION:An opening 9 of the upper end part of an exhaust pipe 8 in which a discharge passage R through which incinerated ash content is forced to flow down from a fluidized bed 1 together with combustion exhaust gas for take out is mounted to a fluidized bed furnace 7 in a level lower than that of the upper end of the fluidized bed 1. A melting furnace 10 to melt incinerated ash content taken out through the discharge passage R is situated below, a discharge port 11 of the discharge passage R is situated in the melting furnace 10, and an exhaust gas outlet 12 of the melting furnace 10 is positioned in a level higher than that of the discharge port 11. When the incinerated ash content of a layer of coarseness C1 of the fluidized bed 1 is forced to flow down through the discharge passage R, a sufficient amount of particles having high apparent specific gravity and grain size can be collected by the melting furnace 10. Further, since a portion in the vicinity of the discharge port 11 is heated to 1000 deg.C by means of a secondary burner 15, when the incinerated ash content heated in a combustion chamber 16 to 800-900 deg.C is further dropped in the melting furnace 10 through the discharge port 11, it is heated to 1000 deg.C, and melting is promoted.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a waste treatment device.

[Conventional technology]

In conventional waste treatment equipment, a connection opening for a discharge passage through which incinerated ash is raised and taken out together with combustion exhaust gas is arranged at a level higher than the upper end of the fluidized bed in a fluidized bed furnace.
An electrostatic precipitator was installed to collect incinerated ash from the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, since the incinerated ash that rises with the combustion exhaust gas and is extracted has a small apparent specific gravity and small particles, most of it can only be collected by an electrostatic precipitator, which requires an increase in the capacity of the electrostatic precipitator. In addition, the incinerated ash collected by the electrostatic precipitator cools down by the time it is transferred to the melting furnace and melted, resulting in a large heat loss.

An object of the present invention is to be able to collect most of the incinerated ash without using a large-capacity electrostatic precipitator, and to melt the incinerated ash while reducing heat loss.

[Means for solving problems]

A characteristic configuration of the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is that a connection opening for a discharge passage through which incinerated ash is allowed to flow down and taken out together with combustion exhaust gas is arranged at a level lower than the upper end of the fluidized bed in a fluidized bed furnace, and from the discharge passage. A melting furnace is installed to melt the incinerated ash of 1. The discharge port of the discharge passage is arranged in the melting furnace with the discharge port facing downward, and the exhaust gas outlet of the melting furnace is
The reason is that it is located at a higher position than the outlet,
Its effects are as follows.

[For production]

In other words, the processed material in a fluidized bed furnace repeatedly collides violently within the fluidized bed, and as combustion and ashing are promoted, the apparent specific gravity becomes smaller and the particles become smaller. Top ◇: It flies out with the combustion exhaust gas above the IH and does not come back down. Therefore, incinerated ash having a larger apparent specific gravity and larger particle size than in the past flows into the discharge channel from the openings arranged at a level lower than the upper end of the fluidized bed. The incinerated ash flowing down the discharge channel is
Because of their large apparent specific gravity and particle size, they tend to fall downward from the discharge port in the melting furnace and accumulate at the bottom.Moreover, because the exhaust gas outlet of the melting furnace is located at a higher position than the discharge port, When the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port rises to the exhaust gas outlet, most of the incinerated ash is separated from the exhaust gas by cyclone action, falls to the bottom of the melting furnace, and is melted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Therefore, without using a large-capacity electrostatic precipitator to collect incineration components from the exhaust gas, most of the incineration ash can be collected in the melting furnace and melted quickly without cooling. Because of this, it has become possible to reduce the cost of waste disposal facilities and processing costs due to less heat loss.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a fluidized bed (1) is formed by filling the lower part of the interior with a fluidized medium such as sand, and a secondary air blower (2) is formed.
A plurality of diffuser holes (
3) is provided below the fluidized bed (1);
Above the fluidized bed (1), the material to be incinerated is supplied to the hopper (6) via a screw conveyor (5) etc. A fluidized bed furnace (7) is installed to float and incinerate incinerated materials such as sludge or urban dust extracted from sewage treatment containing 20 to 50% moisture, and incinerate the incinerated ash together with the combustion exhaust gas in the fluidized bed. (1) A discharge pipe (8) in which a discharge path (R) is formed to be taken out by flowing down from the
It is attached to the fluidized bed furnace (7) with the opening (9) at the upper end thereof facing in the vertical direction and located at the center position in a plan view at a level lower than the upper end of the fluidized bed (1), and the discharge passage A melting furnace (10
) is arranged below the fluidized bed furnace (7), and a discharge passage (R
) is arranged in the melting furnace (10) with the outlet (11) facing downward, and the exhaust gas outlet (12) of the melting furnace (10)
) is placed at a higher position than the discharge port (11), the melting furnace (10) is equipped with a cyclone function, and the waste! ¥! I
A J processing device is configured.

At the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace (7), there is a screw conhair (
13) is installed to discharge incombustibles and flame retardants such as metal scraps contained in the incinerated materials, and some fluidized bed river sand and ash contained in the discharged materials are separated. Device (2
After separation in step 7), it is returned to the furnace (7), and the remainder is transferred to the melting furnace (10).
). In the figure, (14) is a negative burner, which is used at the beginning of combustion, and (15) is a secondary burner, which is used to perform secondary combustion of unburned gas in the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port (11). It is provided in the melting furnace (10). In addition, since the vicinity of the discharge port (11) in the melting furnace (10) is heated to 1000°C by the secondary burner (15),
800-900℃ in the combustion chamber (16) in the fluidized bed furnace (7)
When the incinerated ash heated to 100° C. further falls into the melting furnace (10) from the discharge port (11), it is heated to 1000° C. to accelerate melting.

In addition, in order to burn unburned gas in the secondary burner (15), a secondary air supply device (17) that replenishes air has its air jet port (18) within the exhaust pipe (8), and It is arranged concentrically with the discharge port (11).

The melting furnace (10) includes a pair of molybdenum electrodes (19) for melting the stored incineration material from within.
(19), and an orifice plate gate (20) for taking out the molten slag is provided at the bottom, and an electric collector is installed in the upper and lower intermediate positions of the melting furnace (10) from the exhaust gas exiting from the exhaust gas outlet (12). The EP ash consisting of harmful low-melting point heavy metals etc. collected by the duster (21) is transferred to the melting furnace (10).
) is provided with a feeding device (22) for feeding into the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash.

In the figure, (23) is a fan that forcibly draws exhaust gas from the exhaust gas outlet (12), and (24) is a waste heat recovery device.

Further, the exhaust gas outlet (12) is attached to the melting furnace (10) so as to face tangentially in a plan view as shown in FIG. 2, and is configured to effectively produce a cyclone effect. .

In other words, the incinerated ash, which apparently has a large specific gravity and particle size before flying out from the fluidized bed (1), is mixed with the combustion exhaust gas in the exhaust furnace (
The remaining part of the incinerated ash, which flows downward through R) and deposits most of it at the bottom of the melting furnace (10), and further rises in the melting furnace (10) together with the exhaust gas, is discharged through the discharge port (11).
The gas rises while rotating along the circumferential direction of the inner furnace wall (IOA) from to the exhaust gas outlet (12), is separated from the exhaust gas by the cyclone action, and falls downward. Then, the incineration material stored in the lower part of the melting furnace (10) is reduced to 1,500 by using the molybdenum electrode (19) and burner (15)
Because it is heated to ~1600℃ and melted from within, the heavy metals with a low melting point contained in the ingredients are covered by the unmelted incinerated ingredients above and are not vaporized and scattered into the outside air. The molten slag becomes molten slag together with other incineration materials, and is taken out in appropriate amounts by adjusting the opening of the orifice plate game 1-(20), and is solidified while being air-cooled on the container hair (25).

In the fluidized bed furnace (7), Fig. 3 shows the relationship between the fluidization start speed (A) and the final speed (B) for each particle size and apparent specific gravity. So 3.0
For a specific gravity (ρ) of 0.2 m/sec, a starting velocity (A
), it must be operated at a speed within the terminal speed (B) of approximately 10 m/sec, and if the optimum flow acceleration is 5 m/sec, the apparent specific gravity (ρ) = 0.
．． In the case of the substance No. 3, when the particle size becomes about 2 mm or less, it flies out of the fluidized bed (1) and becomes fly ash, which is difficult to collect except with an electrostatic precipitator (21).

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluidized bed (1) is
C+), (CZ) and dense (0) layers, and if the incinerated ash in the coarse (C1) layer is allowed to flow down through the discharge channel (R) and taken out, it will be more visible than the fly ash mentioned above. Particles with large specific gravity (ρ) and particle size are taken out and can be sufficiently collected by the melting furnace (10).

Note that (26) in FIG. 1 is a dispersion plate formed so that the materials to be incinerated supplied from above are evenly dispersed.

[Awesome party]

The opening (9) is not limited to the center in a plan view of the fluidized bed furnace (7), but may be located closer to or on the inner peripheral wall.

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the whole, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of ■-■ in FIG.
The line cross-sectional view and FIG. 3 are graphs. (1)...Fluidized bed, (7)...Fluidized bed furnace, (9)...Opening, (10)...Melting furnace, (11 )...Exhaust port, (12)...
...Exhaust gas outlet, (R)...Exhaust path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A connecting opening (9) for a discharge passage (R) through which incinerated ash is allowed to flow down and taken out together with combustion exhaust gas is disposed at a level lower than the upper end of the fluidized bed (1) in the fluidized bed furnace (7). A melting furnace (10
), and the discharge port (11) of the discharge passage (R) is arranged in the melting furnace (10) facing downward, and the exhaust gas outlet (12) of the melting furnace (10) is connected to the exhaust gas outlet (12). Exit(
11) Waste treatment equipment located at a higher position than the