JPS63313182A - Image forming device - Google Patents
Image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63313182A JPS63313182A JP14788487A JP14788487A JPS63313182A JP S63313182 A JPS63313182 A JP S63313182A JP 14788487 A JP14788487 A JP 14788487A JP 14788487 A JP14788487 A JP 14788487A JP S63313182 A JPS63313182 A JP S63313182A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- temperature
- transfer material
- sheet
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004479 Ta2N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野））
本発明は、加熱溶融性のトナーを用いて転写材りに画像
を形成し、これを加熱定着処理する画像形成装置に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus that forms an image on a transfer material using heat-melting toner and heat-fixes the image.
（従来の技術及び問題点）
従来、この種の装置に用いられている定２、装ｙ１は、
所定の温度に維持された加熱ローラと、弾性層を有して
該加熱ローラに圧接する加圧ローラとによって、未定着
のトナー画像か形成された転写材を挟持搬送しつつ加熱
するローラ定着方式か多用されている。しかしながら、
この種の装置ては、加熱ローラにトナーか転移するいわ
ゆるオフセット現象を防；卜するために、加熱ローラを
最滴な温度に維持する必要かあり、加熱ローラあるいは
加熱体の熱容量を大きくしなければならなかった。すな
わち、加熱ローラの熱容量か小さい場合には、発熱体に
よる供給熱晴との関係により通紙あるいは他の外的要因
て加熱ローラ温度か低温側あるいは高温側に大きく変動
し易くなる。低温側に変動した場合には、トナーの軟化
溶融不足によって、定着不良や低温オフセットを生し、
高温側に変動した場合には、トナーか完全に溶融し・て
しまいトナーの凝東力か低ドするために、高温オフセッ
トを生する。(Prior art and problems) The constant 2 and y1 conventionally used in this type of device are as follows:
A roller fixing method in which a transfer material on which an unfixed toner image has been formed is heated while being nipped and conveyed by a heating roller maintained at a predetermined temperature and a pressure roller having an elastic layer and in pressure contact with the heating roller. It is often used. however,
In this type of device, in order to prevent the so-called offset phenomenon in which toner is transferred to the heating roller, it is necessary to maintain the heating roller at the lowest temperature possible, and the heat capacity of the heating roller or heating element must be increased. I had to. That is, when the heat capacity of the heating roller is small, the temperature of the heating roller tends to fluctuate greatly toward the lower or higher temperature side due to paper passing or other external factors, depending on the relationship with the heat supply from the heating element. If the temperature changes to the low temperature side, the toner softens and melts insufficiently, resulting in poor fixing and low-temperature offset.
When the temperature changes to the high temperature side, the toner is completely melted and the condensation force of the toner is reduced, resulting in a high temperature offset.
かかる聞届を回避するために、加熱ローラの熱容量を大
きくすると、加熱℃１−ラな所定の温度まて昇温するた
めの時間か長くなり、装置の使用の際に待機時間が大き
くなるという別の聞届か生ずる。In order to avoid such problems, if the heat capacity of the heating roller is increased, it will take longer to raise the temperature to a predetermined temperature of 1-1 °C, which will increase the waiting time when using the device. Another hearing will occur.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は、Ｌ述の従来装置の有していた問題点を解決し
、定着不良やオフセットを生ずることなく加熱体の熱容
！４を小さくすることを’Ｉ ｌｅとし、その結果、待
機時間や消費電力、さらには機内昇温の小さい画像形成
装置を提供することを目的とする。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention solves the problems of the conventional apparatus described in L, and improves the heat capacity of the heating body without causing fixing failure or offset. It is an object of the present invention to provide an image forming apparatus that reduces standby time, power consumption, and internal temperature rise.
本発明は、上記目的の達成のために、
転写材上に、加熱溶融性の樹脂等より成るトナーな担持
せしめて未定着のトナー画像を形成する画像形成手段と
、
トナー画像を有する面にて転写材に接しかつ、該転写材
の搬送速度と同一速度で移動する耐熱性シートを介して
、パルス状に通電発熱する発熱体によってトナーの一ヒ
記画像を加熱溶融した後、トナー画像が冷却固化した後
に、耐熱性シートが転写材から離反する加熱定着り段と
、
を有することにより構成される。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes: an image forming means for forming an unfixed toner image by supporting a toner made of heat-melting resin or the like on a transfer material; and a surface having the toner image. A heat-resistant sheet that is in contact with the transfer material and moves at the same speed as the conveyance speed of the transfer material is heated and melted by a heating element that generates heat by being energized in a pulsed manner, and then the toner image is cooled. The heat-fixing stage is configured to separate the heat-resistant sheet from the transfer material after solidification.
先ず、本実施例装置の画像形成装置の概略構造を第１図
に基づいて説明すると、ｌはガラス等の透明部材よりな
る原稿載置台で、矢印ａ方向に往復動して原稿を走査す
る。原稿ａ置台の直Ｆには短焦点小径結像素ｆ−アレイ
２か配されていて、原稿載置台ｌトに置かれた原稿像Ｇ
は照明ランプ７によって照射され、その反射光像は上記
アレイ２によって感光ドラム３ｔにスリット露光される
。なおこの感光ドラム３は矢印す方向に回転する。また
４・は帯電器であり、例えば酸化亜鉛感光層あるいは有
機半導体感光層３８等を被覆された感光ドラム３上に一
様に帯電を行なう。この帯電器４により一様に帯電され
たトラム３は、素子アレイ２によって画像露光が行なわ
れた静電画像か形成される。この静電潜像は、現像器５
により加熱で軟化溶融する樹脂等より成るトナーを用い
て顕像化される。一方、カセットＳ内に収納されている
シートＰは、給送ローラ６と感光トラム３−［−の画像
と同期するようタイミングをとってＬ下方向て圧接して
回転される対の搬送ローラ９によって、ドラム３Ｌ−に
送り込まれる。そして、転写放電器８によって、感光ド
ラム３Ｆに形成されているトナー像は、シートＰｌｚに
転写される。その後、公知の分離手段によってドラム３
から分離されたシートＰは、搬送ガイド１０によって定
着装と２０に導かれ加熱定着処理された後にトレイＩＩ
上に排出される。なお、トナー像を転写後、ドラム３Ｆ
の残留トナーはクリーナ１２によって除去される。First, the general structure of the image forming apparatus of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. 1. Reference numeral 1 denotes a document mounting table made of a transparent member such as glass, which scans the document by reciprocating in the direction of arrow a. A short-focus, small-diameter imaging element F-array 2 is disposed in the direct F of the document placement table A, and a document image G placed on the document placement table L is arranged.
is irradiated by the illumination lamp 7, and the reflected light image is slit-exposed onto the photosensitive drum 3t by the array 2. Note that this photosensitive drum 3 rotates in the direction of the arrow. A charger 4 uniformly charges the photosensitive drum 3 coated with, for example, a zinc oxide photosensitive layer or an organic semiconductor photosensitive layer 38. The tram 3 uniformly charged by the charger 4 is subjected to image exposure by the element array 2 to form an electrostatic image. This electrostatic latent image is
The image is visualized using a toner made of a resin or the like that softens and melts when heated. On the other hand, the sheet P stored in the cassette S is rotated by a pair of conveying rollers 6 and 9 in pressure contact with each other in a downward direction L at a timing synchronized with the image on the photosensitive tram 3-[-. is fed into the drum 3L-. Then, the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum 3F is transferred onto the sheet Plz by the transfer discharger 8. Thereafter, the drum 3 is separated by known separating means.
The sheet P separated from the sheet P is guided by a conveyance guide 10 to a fixing device 20, where it is heated and fixed, and then transferred to a tray II.
is discharged to the top. Note that after transferring the toner image, the drum 3F
The remaining toner is removed by a cleaner 12.
第２図は本実施例の一ヒ記定着装置２０の拡大図である
。同図において、２１は発熱体で、アルミナ等の耐熱性
でかつ電気絶縁性の基材またはそれを含む複合部材より
成る基材の下面に、輻１６０ｇｍ、長さく紙面に直角な
方向の長さ） ２１６ｍ５で例えばＴａ２Ｎ等より成る
線状もしくは帯状の発熱面２８を有し、さらにその表面
に摺動保護層として例えば、Ｔａ２０ｑが形成されてい
る。発熱体２１のｒ面は平滑でありかつ前後端部は丸味
を帯びていて耐熱シート２３との摺動をＩＩＴ濠にして
いる。該耐熱シーｔ−２３は、ポリエステルを基材とし
、耐熱処理を施した例えば約９蒔聰厚に形成され、矢印
Ｃ方向へ送り出し可能にシート送り出し軸２４巻回され
ている。上記耐熱シート２３は発熱体２１の表面に当接
し、曲率の大きな分離ローラ２６を介してシート巻取り
軸２７に巻き取られる。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the fixing device 20 of this embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a heating element, which has a radius of 160 gm and a length in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. ) It has a linear or strip-shaped heating surface 28 made of Ta2N or the like, and has a sliding protective layer formed of, for example, Ta20q on the surface. The r-face of the heating element 21 is smooth, and the front and rear ends are rounded, making sliding movement with the heat-resistant sheet 23 an IIT moat. The heat-resistant sheet T-23 is made of polyester as a base material, is heat-resistant treated, and is formed to have a thickness of, for example, about 9 mm, and is wound around a sheet feeding shaft 24 so as to be fed in the direction of arrow C. The heat-resistant sheet 23 comes into contact with the surface of the heating element 21 and is wound around a sheet winding shaft 27 via a separating roller 26 having a large curvature.
上記）Ａ熱体の発熱面２８は熟容星か小さく、パルス状
に通電されて、その都度瞬時に２６０℃曲後まで５１温
する。転写紙Ｐの先端、後端を転写紙検知レバー２５及
び転写紙検知センサー２９で検出することにより、発熱
面２８はタイミングを取って必要時に通電を受ける。そ
の際、画像形成装置の給紙センサーなどによる転写紙の
位置検知等を用いて、発熱体への通電を制御しても良い
。The heating surface 28 of the A heating element (above) is small in size and is energized in a pulsed manner, each time instantaneously heating up to 51 degrees Celsius. By detecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the transfer paper P by the transfer paper detection lever 25 and the transfer paper detection sensor 29, the heat generating surface 28 is energized at the appropriate timing when necessary. At this time, energization to the heating element may be controlled by detecting the position of the transfer paper using a paper feed sensor of the image forming apparatus or the like.
一方、加圧ローラ２２は、金属等より成る芯材りにシリ
コンゴム等より成る弾性層を有するものてあり、駆動源
（図示せず）により駆動されて、搬送ガイドＩＯによフ
゛Ｃ４かれた未定着トナー画像Ｔをｌｉする転写材Ｐを
、該転写材Ｐと同一の速度て移動する耐熱ンー１−２３
を介して発熱体に密漬させている。ここて、加圧ローラ
２２の搬送速度は、画像形成蒔の搬送速度とばぼ回−で
あることか好ましく、耐熱シート２３の移動速度は、そ
れに準する値で設定される。On the other hand, the pressure roller 22 has a core material made of metal or the like and an elastic layer made of silicone rubber or the like, and is driven by a drive source (not shown) and is rolled by the conveyance guide IO. A heat-resistant unit 1-23 that moves a transfer material P that carries an unfixed toner image T at the same speed as the transfer material P.
It is tightly immersed in the heating element through the . Here, it is preferable that the conveying speed of the pressure roller 22 is approximately the same as the conveying speed of the image forming layer, and the moving speed of the heat-resistant sheet 23 is set at a value corresponding thereto.
かかる構成の本実施例装置にあっては、転写紙Ｐ上の加
熱溶融性のトナーより成るトナー画像は先ず、耐熱シー
ト２コを介して１発熱体２１によって加熱され、少なく
ともその表層部は完全に軟化溶融する。しかる後、発熱
体２１から離れ、分離ローラ２６に達する間に、トナー
像は自然放熱し・て−１び冷却ｌ占１化し、曲率の大き
な分離ローラ対２５を通過した後に耐熱シート２コは転
写紙Ｐからはれる。１゜述のように、トナーＴは−・［
１完全に軟化溶融した後、古び固化するので、トナーの
凝集力は算常に大きくなっていて、 −団となって挙動
することになる。また、加熱されて軟化溶融された際に
加圧ローラ２２によって加圧されるため、トナー像Ｔは
転写材表層に浸透してそのまま冷却固化しているので、
耐熱シート２３にオフセットすることなく転写材Ｐ１−
に定石される。In the apparatus of this embodiment having such a configuration, the toner image made of heat-fusible toner on the transfer paper P is first heated by one heating element 21 via two heat-resistant sheets, and at least the surface layer thereof is completely heated. to soften and melt. Thereafter, while leaving the heating element 21 and reaching the separation roller 26, the toner image radiates heat naturally and is cooled down to 1. After passing through the separation roller pair 25 with a large curvature, the two heat-resistant sheets are separated. It comes off from the transfer paper P. 1. As mentioned above, toner T is −・[
1. After being completely softened and melted, the toner ages and solidifies, so the cohesive force of the toner is arithmetically large, causing it to behave in clusters. In addition, since the toner image T is pressed by the pressure roller 22 when it is heated and softened and melted, the toner image T penetrates into the surface layer of the transfer material and is then cooled and solidified.
The transfer material P1- is transferred to the heat-resistant sheet 23 without being offset.
It is established that
＋発り１の発熱体（加熱体）は本実施例でも明らかなよ
うに小型もので十分てありそのため熱容量か小さくなり
、ｆ・め加熱体を）？温させる必要かないので、非画像
形成時の消費゛−シカも小さくすることができ、また機
内昇温も防＋Ｆてきることとなる。。As is clear from this example, a small heating element (heating element) for the first generation is sufficient, and therefore the heat capacity is small. Since there is no need for heating, the amount of heat consumed during non-image formation can be reduced, and temperature rise inside the machine can also be prevented. .
また、かかる本実施例では、耐熱シート２３として薄く
て安価なポリエステルシートを基に耐熱処理を施したも
のを用いることか口ｒｔＥなので、第２図のごとく耐熱
シート２３は巻取り方式で使用後に交換する形態を採る
ことかできる。すなわち、所定長さのシートを巻いたロ
ールをシート送り出し軸２４にセットし、発熱体と加圧
ローラ及び分離ローラ対の間を通して巻取り軸２７にシ
ートの先端を固着する。かかる方式を採った場合は、Ｉ
ｆｆｄｆｆ−トセンサーアーム３０とセンサー（図示せ
ず）で耐熱シートの残量を検出してシートが終端近くな
った場合に使用者に警告表示ないしは警告音で耐熱シー
トの交換を促すようにするのがよい。そして、耐熱シー
ト２３の交換の際には、発熱体と加圧ローラ、分離ロー
ラ対とをそれぞれ離間させるように、回転軸３１を中心
に第３図のごとく開閉可能にすることが望まれる。本実
施例では、耐熱シート２３を１記のごとく巻取り交換方
式で、＃熱シートの耐久性に関係なく、薄膜化すること
がＯｆ能となり、低電力化することができる。In addition, in this embodiment, since it is preferable to use a thin and inexpensive polyester sheet that has been subjected to heat-resistant treatment as the heat-resistant sheet 23, the heat-resistant sheet 23 is rolled up after use as shown in FIG. It is possible to take the form of exchange. That is, a roll wound with a sheet of a predetermined length is set on the sheet delivery shaft 24, and the leading end of the sheet is fixed to the winding shaft 27 by passing between the heating element, the pressure roller, and the pair of separation rollers. If such a method is adopted, I
The remaining amount of the heat-resistant sheet is detected by a sensor arm 30 and a sensor (not shown), and when the sheet is near the end, a warning display or sound is displayed to prompt the user to replace the heat-resistant sheet. Good. When replacing the heat-resistant sheet 23, it is desirable to be able to open and close it around the rotating shaft 31 as shown in FIG. 3 so that the heating element, the pressure roller, and the separation roller pair are separated from each other. In this embodiment, the heat-resistant sheet 23 is rolled up and replaced as described in 1 above, and it is possible to reduce the thickness of the heat-resistant sheet 23 regardless of the durability of the heat-resistant sheet, thereby reducing power consumption.
また、本実施例では前述の如く耐熱シートへのオフセッ
トが生じないので、耐熱シートの熱変形や劣化か小さけ
れは、巻取った耐熱シートを再び使用することがｕＴ壱
であり、Ｆｌ動的に巻戻す。あるいは、巻取側と送出側
とを交換するなどして複数回使用しても良い。In addition, in this example, no offset occurs to the heat-resistant sheet as described above, so if the heat-resistant sheet is thermally deformed or degraded, even if it is small, it is best to reuse the rolled-up heat-resistant sheet, and the FL dynamic Rewind. Alternatively, it may be used multiple times by exchanging the take-up side and the delivery side.
また、本実施例では分離ローラ２６を設けることにより
、該分離ローラまでの間加圧状１ムでのトナー像Ｔの冷
却時間を十分確保し、しかも上記分離ローラ２６の曲率
を大きくすることによって耐熱シート２３と転写材Ｐと
の分離を容易にするとともに、前述の効果に相乗して分
離部におけるオフセットを防１トすることかできる。た
たし、発熱層２８及び耐熱シートの熱容ｔかト分小さく
、かつ定着処理速度が小さい場合には、分離ローラ２５
のごとき特別な手段を設けずとも、転写材Ｐが発熱層を
通過後の短い範囲でトナー像Ｔは冷却するので、本実施
例で示した分離ローラ２６を省略しても、オフセットの
ない定着処理が呵イ艶となる。すなわち、トナー像を−
・旦加熱し軟化溶融させた後再び放熱固化した後に耐熱
シートと転写材とを分離できればよい。Further, in this embodiment, by providing the separation roller 26, sufficient cooling time is ensured for the toner image T in the pressurized state up to the separation roller, and by increasing the curvature of the separation roller 26, In addition to facilitating separation of the heat-resistant sheet 23 and the transfer material P, it is possible to prevent offset at the separation portion by combining the above-mentioned effects. However, if the heat capacity t of the heat generating layer 28 and the heat-resistant sheet is small and the fixing processing speed is low, the separation roller 25
Since the toner image T is cooled within a short range after the transfer material P passes through the heat generating layer without providing any special means, offset-free fixing can be achieved even if the separation roller 26 shown in this embodiment is omitted. The treatment becomes very glossy. In other words, the toner image is -
- It is sufficient if the heat-resistant sheet and the transfer material can be separated after being heated, softened and melted, and then solidified again by heat radiation.
次に、本実施例装置による実施結果を具体的数ｆｔｉを
もって示す。キャノン株式会社ＳＲＰＰＣＰ（１ニー１
０（商品名）用のワウクス系トナーを用いて、トナ、−
画像Ｔを形成し、定着処理速度約ｌ５ｍｍ／ｓでへ４サ
イズ紙１枚当たり約２０００Ｗ−３の発熱ｚ１１となる
ように、ｌｏ＋ｍｓ毎に２１Ｓの゛、１合でパルス状加
熱して定着テストを行なったところ、実用ヒ全（問題の
ない画像か得られた。この通電によって発熱層は約２６
０℃前後まて５１温し、熱容τａ′か小さいので８ｍｓ
の通電休止により降温する。このことから加熱体を加温
するための待時間は不要となる。また、本実施例では、
パルス状加熱することにより、定着に必要な熱エネルギ
をその都度与えているので、熱容量か小さく立ちトリか
非常に早い発熱層を周期的にほぼ同等の温度を示すよう
にすることか比較的容易にできる。さらに、連続的に定
着処理を行う場合には、発熱のパルスｒｌＪを順次小さ
くしてゆくなどして、発熱層の異常な高温側へのシフト
を防止することもたやすい。上記の場合、トナ一層Ｔの
温度は、従来高温オフセットを生ずると言われている温
度を瞬間的であっても超えているか、前述のごとく、再
度十分に冷却固定化した後に耐熱シート２３と転写材Ｐ
とか離れるのでオフセットとはならない、加熱された際
に本実施例で使用されたトナーの主成分であるワックス
は約８０”Ｃの融点であり、また、溶融時の粘度も低い
ために２６０℃萌後の発熱体により加熱されると、従来
の加熱定着装置では、転写材に溶融したトナーか浸透し
すぎて画像の滲み、または裏写りといった不都合を生ず
ることとなってしまいトナーの低融点化の妨げとなって
いたが、本実施例ては、発熱層２８の熱容量、１か小さ
くかつ、加熱時間か短いのて、転写紙の表層のみを短Ｉ
Ｉν間しか加熱しないのて、トナーの過浸透によって生
ずる上記の弊害はない。Next, the results of implementation using the apparatus of this embodiment will be shown with specific numbers fti. Canon Co., Ltd. SRPPCP (1 knee 1
Using Wax toner for 0 (product name), toner, -
Form an image T, and perform a fixing test by heating in a pulsed manner at a rate of 21 S, 1 go every lo+ms, at a fixing processing speed of about 15 mm/s, and heat generation of about 2000 W-3 per sheet of F4 size paper. When I carried out this process, I was able to obtain a practical image with no problems.This energization increased the heating layer to about 26 cm.
It warms up to around 0℃ and takes 8ms because the heat capacity τa' is small.
Temperature drops due to energization interruption. This eliminates the need for waiting time for heating the heating element. Furthermore, in this example,
By applying pulsed heating, the thermal energy necessary for fixing is applied each time, so it is relatively easy to make the heat generating layer, which has a small heat capacity and a very fast rise, periodically exhibit approximately the same temperature. Can be done. Furthermore, when the fixing process is performed continuously, it is easy to prevent the heat generating layer from shifting to an abnormally high temperature side by gradually decreasing the heat generating pulse rlJ. In the above case, the temperature of the toner single layer T exceeds even momentarily the temperature that is conventionally said to cause high-temperature offset, or the temperature of the toner single layer T is transferred to the heat-resistant sheet 23 after being sufficiently cooled and fixed again as described above. Material P
The wax, which is the main component of the toner used in this example, has a melting point of about 80"C when heated, and its viscosity when melted is low, so it does not cause offset. When heated by a subsequent heating element, in conventional heat fixing devices, the molten toner penetrates into the transfer material too much, causing problems such as blurring or show-through of the image. However, in this embodiment, since the heat capacity of the heat generating layer 28 is 1 or less and the heating time is short, only the surface layer of the transfer paper is heated to a short I.
Since heating is performed only for Iv, the above-mentioned disadvantages caused by excessive toner penetration do not occur.
第４図は、本発明の他の実施例の画像形成装置に適用さ
れる加熱定着装置の断面図である。なお、前実施例と共
通部分には同−符−）を付し、その説Ｉ５１は省略する
。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a heat fixing device applied to an image forming apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. Note that parts common to the previous embodiment are marked with the same symbol (-), and explanation I51 thereof will be omitted.
本実施例では、耐熱シート２３の代わりに耐熱性のエン
ドレスベルトを採用しており、耐熱性ベルト４０は何度
も加熱され、かつトナ一層Ｔとの接触も繰り返される。In this embodiment, a heat-resistant endless belt is used instead of the heat-resistant sheet 23, and the heat-resistant belt 40 is heated many times and is repeatedly brought into contact with the toner layer T.
このため、離型性に優れ耐熱性の高いＰＦ＾樹脂で３０
絡厚のベルトを形成しである。上記耐熱ベルト４０は、
ベルト駆動軸４１によって転写材の搬送速度と回−の周
速度となるように駆動され、耐熱ベルト４０に張力を与
えるように付勢されたアイドラー４２とによって緊ルさ
れつつ回転駆動される。For this reason, PF^ resin with excellent mold releasability and high heat resistance
It forms a thick belt. The heat-resistant belt 40 is
The belt drive shaft 41 drives the transfer material at a peripheral speed equal to the transport speed of the transfer material, and the heat-resistant belt 40 is rotated while being tensioned by an idler 42 that is biased to apply tension.
発熱体２１はその基材の温度を検出するための温度検知
素子４３か設けられてあり、さらには、安全装δ４４と
して温度ヒユーズあるいはサーモスタットか配設されて
おり、過昇温か防１トされている。The heating element 21 is provided with a temperature detection element 43 for detecting the temperature of its base material, and is further provided with a temperature fuse or thermostat as a safety device δ44 to prevent overheating. There is.
また、本実施例における発熱体２１への通電のタイミン
グは、画像形成手段において発生する信号を基にして制
御されている。本実施例の定着処理速度（画像形成時も
同一）を５０ｍ５＋／ｓとして、前実施例に較べて高速
化しているので、発熱層２８の幅（加熱幅）を３００終
膳と大きくし、かつ発熱層への通電の時間を変えて５−
５毎に１．２５■Ｓの割合で。Furthermore, the timing of energizing the heating element 21 in this embodiment is controlled based on a signal generated in the image forming means. The fixing processing speed of this example (same during image formation) is set to 50 m5+/s, which is faster than that of the previous example, so the width of the heat generating layer 28 (heating width) is increased to 300 m5+/s, and 5- by changing the time of energization to the heating layer
At a rate of 1.25 ■S for every 5.
へ４サイズ紙１枚当たり約２４００訃Ｓの発熱を行なっ
た。ここで発熱層の最大温度は約３００″Ｃを超える程
度であり、また発熱層２８の電力密度か前実施例よりも
大きくなっていること、さらには上述の熱穢が短時間に
４えられること等から、発熱体２１自身の昇温く蓄熱）
かりｉ１実施例の場合に比して大きくなるので、本実施
例では発熱体２１の支持材に設けた前述の温度検出素子
４３の検出値に応して、通電パルスの幅を調整している
。すなわち、発熱体２１の基材温度か高い場合には、通
電パルスの幅を小さくして、発熱体１１身の異常昇温を
防止している。さらには、前述の安全装置４４か所定の
温度以Ｉ−，になった場合には、発熱層２８への通電を
遮断している。Approximately 2,400 S of heat was generated per sheet of 4-size paper. Here, the maximum temperature of the heat generating layer is approximately over 300''C, the power density of the heat generating layer 28 is higher than that of the previous embodiment, and furthermore, the above-mentioned heat pollution can be generated in a short time. Due to this, the temperature of the heating element 21 itself increases and heat is stored)
In this embodiment, the width of the energizing pulse is adjusted in accordance with the detected value of the temperature detection element 43 provided on the support material of the heating element 21. . That is, when the base material temperature of the heating element 21 is high, the width of the energization pulse is made small to prevent abnormal temperature rise of the heating element 11 itself. Furthermore, when the temperature of the safety device 44 mentioned above reaches a predetermined temperature or lower, the power supply to the heat generating layer 28 is cut off.
ここて、転写材及びトナー像Ｔの降温も前実施例に比し
て不利になっている。すなわち、定石処理速度を大きく
したことによって、発熱層の温度を高くし、かつ１枚当
たりの発熱；ｔも大きくなり、さらには加熱後分離する
まての時間も小さくなる等の不利を解消するために、ベ
ルトの離間まての間に冷却固化させる冷却ｒ′、投が必
要となる。Here, the temperature drop of the transfer material and toner image T is also disadvantageous compared to the previous embodiment. That is, by increasing the fixed stone processing speed, the temperature of the heat generating layer is increased, and the heat generation per sheet; Therefore, it is necessary to cool and solidify the material until the belt is separated.
例えば、耐熱ベルト４０に当接させたアルミニウム製の
放熱板４５であり、発熱体２１と分離ローラ２６との間
に設けられている。冷却ｒ一段はこの他に送風ａ等を用
いても良い。また、分＃部には分離爪４６を配し、転写
材の巻き付きを防１トし、また耐熱ベルト４１１ｈに付
着した紙粉等の異物を除去ずろためにフェルトからなる
クリーニンクバ・ンド４７を当接させている。また、フ
ェルトバットに若［の離型剤、例えはシリコーンオイル
を合材させて、耐熱ベルト４０の離型性を向上させても
良い。さらに、本実施例では絶縁性のＰＦＡ樹脂を用い
ているので、トナー画像を撹乱する静’１１１：気か耐
熱シートに発生し易いので、これに対処するために接地
した除電フラジ４８て除電している。ここて接地せずに
ブラシにバイアス屯圧を印加してトナー画像を撹乱しな
い範囲で、耐熱ベルトを帯屯させても良い。さらにＰＦ
ＡｖＡ脂に導°市性の粉体繊維、例えばカーボンブラッ
ク等を添加して、に述の静’ｉｌ：気による画像乱れを
防■１ニするのも一策である。また、加圧ローラの除帯
電及び導′心化に関Ｉノても同様の１′段により行なう
ことかできる。また、帯電防ＩＬ・剤等の塗布や、添加
を行なっても良い。For example, it is an aluminum heat sink 45 that is brought into contact with the heat-resistant belt 40 and is provided between the heating element 21 and the separation roller 26 . In addition to this, a blower a or the like may be used for the first stage of cooling r. In addition, a separation claw 46 is arranged in the separation part to prevent the transfer material from being wrapped around the part, and a cleaning band 47 made of felt is provided to remove foreign matter such as paper dust attached to the heat-resistant belt 411h. It is in contact. Furthermore, the mold release properties of the heat-resistant belt 40 may be improved by mixing a felt bat with a small mold release agent, for example, silicone oil. Furthermore, since insulating PFA resin is used in this embodiment, static electricity is easily generated on the heat-resistant sheet due to static electricity that disturbs the toner image. ing. Here, the heat-resistant belt may be applied to the brush without being grounded to the extent that it does not disturb the toner image by applying bias pressure to the brush. Furthermore, PF
One solution is to add a commercially available powder fiber, such as carbon black, to the AvA resin to prevent the image disturbance caused by the static air described in 1. Further, the charge removal and conductive core formation of the pressure roller can also be carried out using the same 1' stage. Further, it is also possible to apply or add an anti-static IL/agent or the like.
ここで、加圧ローラ２２と発熱層２８との圧接部は発熱
体２１と加圧ローラ２２との圧接１１】の内ても搬送力
向の人［］側に寄っており、加熱直後の耐熱ベルト４０
と転写材Ｐとの離間を防市している。Here, the pressure contact portion between the pressure roller 22 and the heat generating layer 28 is closer to the person [ ] side in the direction of the conveying force among the pressure contact parts 11] between the heat generation element 21 and the pressure roller 22, and the heat resistance immediately after heating is belt 40
The distance between the transfer material P and the transfer material P is prevented.
本実施例では、高速化により最大消費゛心力か約１６０
０Ｗと大きくなるので、発熱層を長ｆ方向て四分割して
順次通電することによって、最大消費電力を４００冑と
低減化してもよい。In this example, the maximum mental power consumption is approximately 160 by increasing the speed.
Since the power consumption is as large as 0W, the maximum power consumption may be reduced to 400W by dividing the heating layer into four parts in the longitudinal f direction and sequentially energizing them.
以に示した本実施例では、冷却ｒ段や分離り段を付加す
ることによって、オフセットのない安定した画像を比較
的高速て得ることかｌｌ（能となり、さらに耐熱性のエ
ンドレスベルトな用いることによって、経済性の向ｌ；
を図ることか４滝となった。In this embodiment shown above, by adding a cooling stage and a separation stage, it is possible to obtain a stable image without offset at a relatively high speed, and it is also possible to use a heat-resistant endless belt. According to the direction of economic efficiency;
As a result, there were 4 waterfalls.
また、本発明の以りの実施例として、電子写真方式を用
いた複写装置について−ユ例説ＩＩ Ｌ、たか、本発Ｉ
ＪＩはこれに限定されるこのなく、レーザービームプリ
ンタ等の加熱により軟化溶融するトナーを用いた画像形
成装置に適用可ｆｌであり、特に待時間を必要とせずに
加熱定着処理することが可イ敞であるので、ファクシミ
リの出力装置としても好適に用いられる。Further, as a further embodiment of the present invention, regarding a copying apparatus using an electrophotographic method - Example II L, Taka, Present invention I
JI is not limited to this, but can be applied to image forming apparatuses that use toner that softens and melts when heated, such as laser beam printers, and can perform heat fixing processing without requiring any waiting time. Since it is a transparent material, it can also be suitably used as a facsimile output device.
（発明の効果）
本＞’ｌ明は以１−のごとく、走行する耐熱シートに未
定着トナー像か面するように転写材を同一速度でに記＃
熱シートに密着走行せしめ、該耐熱シートを介して必要
時にパルス状に発熱する発熱体によって−に２転写材を
加熱定着することとしだので、定着不良やオフセ・ント
を発生することなく、加熱体の熱台へ１′を小さくする
ことかＩ’Ｔ ｆＩ、となり、その結果、装置使用時の
待機時間や、消費’ｌｔｃ力、さらには機内シＬ温の小
さな画像形成装置を得るという効果を奏する。(Effects of the Invention) As described in 1-1 below, the transfer material is recorded at the same speed so that the unfixed toner image faces the running heat-resistant sheet.
The transfer material is run in close contact with a heat sheet, and the heat-generating element that generates heat in pulses through the heat-resistant sheet heats and fixes the transfer material on the surface. By reducing the temperature of the body by 1' or I'T fI, the result is an image forming device that reduces standby time when using the device, consumes less ltc power, and has a smaller in-flight temperature. play.
第１図は本発す１の一＝・実施例装置の画像形成装置の
概要構成を示す断面図、第２図は第１１２１の定ｚ１゛
装置の拡大断面図、第３図は第２図装置の耐熱シート交
換時における断面図、第４１′Ａは本発明の他の実施例
装置の定着装置の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the general configuration of the image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the 1121 constant z1 device, and FIG. No. 41'A is a sectional view of the fixing device of another embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (1)
せしめて未定着のトナー画像を形成する画像形成手段と
、 トナー画像を有する面にて転写材に接しかつ、該転写材
の搬送速度と同一速度で移動する耐熱性シートを介して
パルス状に通電発熱する発熱体によってトナーの上記画
像を加熱溶融した後、トナー画像が冷却固化した後に、
耐熱性シートが転写材から離反する加熱定着手段と、 を有することとする画像形成装置。[Scope of Claims] An image forming means for forming an unfixed toner image by supporting a toner made of heat-meltable resin or the like on a transfer material; After the toner image is heated and melted by a heating element that generates heat by being energized in pulses through a heat-resistant sheet that moves at the same speed as the conveyance speed of the transfer material, and after the toner image is cooled and solidified,
An image forming apparatus comprising: a heat fixing means for separating a heat resistant sheet from a transfer material.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62147884A JP2516886B2 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1987-06-16 | Image heating device |
| EP88305483A EP0295901B1 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1988-06-16 | An image fixing apparatus |
| DE3854801T DE3854801T2 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1988-06-16 | Image fixing device |
| US07/668,333 US5149941A (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1991-03-14 | Image fixing apparatus with movable sheet member and detectors |
| US07/989,538 US5300997A (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1992-12-11 | Image fixing apparatus |
| US08/135,130 US5343280A (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1993-10-12 | Image fixing apparatus |
| US08/691,431 US5767484A (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1996-08-02 | Image fixing heater and image fixing apparatus having same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62147884A JP2516886B2 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1987-06-16 | Image heating device |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30230295A Division JPH08211767A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Fixing device |
| JP7302301A Division JP2676718B2 (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Fixing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63313182A true JPS63313182A (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| JP2516886B2 JP2516886B2 (en) | 1996-07-24 |
Family
ID=15440383
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62147884A Expired - Fee Related JP2516886B2 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1987-06-16 | Image heating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2516886B2 (en) |
Cited By (205)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02161480A (en) * | 1988-12-15 | 1990-06-21 | Canon Inc | Recorder |
| JPH02168289A (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-28 | Canon Inc | Picture forming device |
| JPH02259793A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-22 | Canon Inc | Image forming device |
| JPH0324577A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-02-01 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH0325474A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-02-04 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH0333783A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-02-14 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH0335277A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-02-15 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH0341489A (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1991-02-21 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03144477A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1991-06-19 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03144475A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1991-06-19 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03144675A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1991-06-20 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03166579A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1991-07-18 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03209491A (en) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-09-12 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03233585A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-10-17 | Canon Inc | Image forming device |
| JPH03233588A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-10-17 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH03241376A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-28 | Canon Inc | Fixing device |
| JPH04276783A (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-10-01 | Nec Corp | Fixing device for electrophotographic image forming device |
| US5171969A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1992-12-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Movable film fixing device with heater control responsive to selected sheet size |
| JPH0580665A (en) * | 1991-09-24 | 1993-04-02 | Canon Inc | Image heating device |
| US5278618A (en) * | 1991-03-14 | 1994-01-11 | Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. | Thermal fixing device including a non-adhesive resin coated metal belt and PTC thermistor heater |
| US5300386A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1994-04-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Developer for developing electrostatic image, image forming method and heat fixing method |
| US5309210A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1994-05-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image fixing apparatus using fixing film containing fluorinated resin |
| US5444521A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1995-08-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image fixing device capable of controlling heating overshoot |
| US5486903A (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 1996-01-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus with paper thickness detector |
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| JP2516886B2 (en) | 1996-07-24 |
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