JPS63308887A - Heating element - Google Patents
Heating elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63308887A JPS63308887A JP62145800A JP14580087A JPS63308887A JP S63308887 A JPS63308887 A JP S63308887A JP 62145800 A JP62145800 A JP 62145800A JP 14580087 A JP14580087 A JP 14580087A JP S63308887 A JPS63308887 A JP S63308887A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- thermistor element
- metal film
- pair
- whole surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/006—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using interdigitated electrodes
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（ａｌ産業上の利用分野
この発明は、シート状の有機正特性サーミスタ素体の表
面に電極を形成した発熱体に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Al Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a heating element having electrodes formed on the surface of a sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor element.
（ｂ）従来の技術
−ｉに、ポリエチレンなどポリオレフィン系樹脂にカー
ボンブラック、グラファイト、金属粉などの導電性粒子
を混入混練したものは正特性サーミスタの性質を備え、
このような有機正特性サーミスタ素体をシート状に成形
し、その表面に一対の電極を形成することによって面状
発熱体とし、例えば自動車のサイドミラーの結露防止用
等に用いることが考案され、開発されている。(b) In addition to conventional technology-i, a product in which conductive particles such as carbon black, graphite, and metal powder are mixed and kneaded with polyolefin resin such as polyethylene has the properties of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
It has been devised that such an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor body is formed into a sheet shape and a pair of electrodes are formed on the surface of the sheet to form a planar heating element, which can be used, for example, to prevent condensation on side mirrors of automobiles. being developed.
第３図（Ａ）、ＣＢ）は従来の発熱体の構造を表す平面
図および断面図である。図において１はシート状の有機
正特性サーミスタ素体であり、その両端に電極２．３を
形成している。このように素体の両端にのみ電極を形成
した場合、両端部の温度が放熱により低下するため、中
央部の温度が高くなる。その結果、中央部の抵抗値が上
昇し、両端との温度差がさらに大きくなって第３図（Ｃ
）に示すようにシート状有機正特性サーミスタ素体の中
央部から周辺部にかけて大きな温度勾配が生じる。そこ
で第４図（Ａ）、 （Ｂ）に示すように一対の電極を
それぞれ櫛歯状に形成して対向配置させることによって
、サーミスタ素体の全面に発熱部を分散させることも行
われている。このことにより、第４図（Ｃ）に示すよう
に各電極間のサーミスタ素体をそれぞれ発熱させて、全
体として略均−に発熱させている。FIGS. 3(A) and 3(CB) are a plan view and a sectional view showing the structure of a conventional heating element. In the figure, 1 is a sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor body, and electrodes 2.3 are formed at both ends thereof. When electrodes are formed only at both ends of the element body in this way, the temperature at both ends decreases due to heat radiation, so the temperature at the center increases. As a result, the resistance value at the center increases, and the temperature difference between both ends becomes even larger, as shown in Figure 3 (C
), a large temperature gradient occurs from the center to the periphery of the sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor body. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4 (A) and (B), a pair of electrodes is formed into a comb-teeth shape and placed facing each other, thereby distributing the heat generating portion over the entire surface of the thermistor element. . As a result, as shown in FIG. 4(C), the thermistor element between each electrode generates heat, and the heat is generated approximately evenly as a whole.
（ｃ＋発明が解決しようとする問題点
このような面状の発熱体は被加熱体に貼着することによ
って面全体を加熱する用途に用いられる。例えば自動車
のサイドミラーの裏面に発熱体を貼着して結露を防止す
ることや、液晶パネルなどの温度依存性の高い表示パネ
ルの保温に使用することができる。ところが、たとえば
液晶は温度によって応答性が大きく変化するため、温度
分布が不均一であれば、部分的に液晶の反応状態が異な
り、濃度むらができやすい。このように特に温度分布の
均一性が要求される場合、従来のように単に電極を櫛歯
状に形成しただけでは温度分布の均一化が不十分であっ
た。(c+Problem to be solved by the invention) Such a planar heating element is used for heating the entire surface by pasting it on an object to be heated.For example, a heating element is pasted on the back side of an automobile side mirror. It can be used to prevent dew condensation by attaching to the screen, and to keep temperature-dependent display panels such as LCD panels warm.However, for example, the response of LCDs varies greatly depending on the temperature, so the temperature distribution may be uneven. If this is the case, the reaction state of the liquid crystal will be different in some parts, and concentration unevenness will easily occur.If uniformity in temperature distribution is particularly required, it is not possible to simply form the electrode in a comb-like shape as in the past. Temperature distribution was insufficiently uniform.
この発明の目的は、温度分布をより均一化し、面状の被
加熱体を全面にわたって均一に加熱できるようにした発
熱体を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a heating element that has a more uniform temperature distribution and can uniformly heat a planar heated object over its entire surface.
＋ｄ１問題点を解決するための手段
この発明の発熱体は、シート状有機正特性サーミスタ素
体の一方の面に、一対の電極を互いに近接させ、かつ略
全面にわたって分布する状態で形成し、他方の面に略全
面に金属膜を形成したことを特徴としている。Means for Solving the +d1 Problem The heating element of the present invention has a pair of electrodes formed on one surface of a sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor element in a manner close to each other and distributed over substantially the entire surface; The feature is that a metal film is formed almost entirely on the surface.
（ｅ）作用
この発明の発熱体においては、シート状有機正特性サー
ミスタ素体の一方の面に一対の電極を互いに近接させ、
かつ略全面にわたって分布する状態で形成したことによ
り、一対の電極間に電圧を印加した際、一対の電極間の
サーミスタ素体に電流が流れ、その部分が発熱する。さ
らに、上記シート状有機正特性サーミスタ素体の他方の
面に略全面に金属膜を形成したことにより、この金属膜
を介して各電極直下のサーミスタ素体にも電流が流れ、
その部分も発熱する。このため、サーミスタ素体は一対
の電極間と、各電極直下の双方、すなわち全面にわたっ
て発熱されることになり、全面が均一に発熱する。(e) Effect In the heating element of the present invention, a pair of electrodes are placed close to each other on one surface of the sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor element,
Moreover, since it is formed in a state where it is distributed over almost the entire surface, when a voltage is applied between a pair of electrodes, a current flows through the thermistor element between the pair of electrodes, and that portion generates heat. Furthermore, by forming a metal film almost entirely on the other surface of the sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor element, current also flows through this metal film to the thermistor element directly below each electrode.
That part also gets hot. Therefore, the thermistor body generates heat both between the pair of electrodes and directly under each electrode, that is, over the entire surface, and heat is generated uniformly over the entire surface.
（ｆ）実施例
この発明の実施例である発熱体の構造を第１図（Ａ、）
、 （Ｂ）に示す。同図（Ａ）はその平面、（Ｂ）は
（Ａ）におけるＡ−Ａの断面を表している。これらの図
において１はポリエチレンなどポリオレフィン系樹脂に
カーボンブラック、グラファイト金属粉などの導電性粒
子を混入混練してシート状に成形した有機正特性サーミ
スタ素体であり、その一方の面に一対の櫛歯状電極２，
３を対向配置するとともに、他方の面に全面に金属膜４
を形成している。これらの電極および金属膜は恨ペース
トの印刷、焼付、パターン化された金属箔の熱圧着、あ
るいは金属箔を熱圧着した後エツチングによりパターン
化する、などの方法により形成される。(f) Example The structure of a heating element which is an example of this invention is shown in Figure 1 (A,).
, shown in (B). The figure (A) shows the plane thereof, and (B) shows the cross section taken along the line A-A in (A). In these figures, 1 is an organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor body made by mixing and kneading conductive particles such as carbon black and graphite metal powder into a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and molding it into a sheet. toothed electrode 2,
3 are placed facing each other, and a metal film 4 is placed on the entire surface of the other surface.
is formed. These electrodes and metal films are formed by printing a paste, baking, thermo-compression bonding of a patterned metal foil, or patterning the metal foil by etching after thermo-compression bonding.
上記発熱体の素体に流れる電流および熱の移動経路など
を第２図に示す、素体１の上面に形成した電極２，３に
電圧を印加することにより、電極２．３に挟まれる領域
のサーミスタ素体に横方向に電流が流れる。これにより
、各電極間のサーミスタ素体がジュール熱により発熱す
る。また、各電極２．３と下面の金属膜４との間にも電
流が流れる。すなわち電極３→サ一ミスタ素体→金属膜
４→サーミスタ素体→電掻２の経路で電流が流れること
により、各電極直下のサーミスタ素体もジュール熱によ
り発熱する。発熱量はサーミスタ素体の厚みおよび各電
極間隔を設定することによって、電極間の発熱量と電極
直下の発熱量を略等しくすることができる。なお、金属
膜４は熱伝導性が高いため、上記両者の発熱量に多少の
差があっても第２図において破線で示すように水平方向
に熱が拡散され、全体の温度分布がさらに均一化される
。第１図（Ｃ）はその温度分布の特性を表している。第
４図（Ｃ）に示した従来例と比較して明らかなように櫛
歯状電極の存在によるリップルが殆ど生じることがない
。By applying voltage to the electrodes 2 and 3 formed on the upper surface of the element body 1, the area sandwiched between the electrodes 2 and 3, as shown in FIG. Current flows horizontally through the thermistor element. As a result, the thermistor element between each electrode generates heat due to Joule heat. Further, current also flows between each electrode 2.3 and the metal film 4 on the lower surface. That is, as a current flows through the path of electrode 3 -> thermistor element -> metal film 4 -> thermistor element -> electric scraper 2, the thermistor element directly below each electrode also generates heat due to Joule heat. By setting the thickness of the thermistor body and the spacing between each electrode, the amount of heat generated between the electrodes and the amount of heat generated immediately below the electrodes can be made approximately equal. Furthermore, since the metal film 4 has high thermal conductivity, even if there is a slight difference in the amount of heat generated between the two, the heat is diffused in the horizontal direction as shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, making the overall temperature distribution even more uniform. be converted into FIG. 1(C) shows the characteristics of the temperature distribution. As is clear from comparison with the conventional example shown in FIG. 4(C), almost no ripples occur due to the presence of the comb-like electrodes.
上記実施例では金属膜４を電極２．３と略同−厚さにし
たが、本発明はこれに困らず、たとえば箔状のものから
厚さ数ｍｍ程度の板状のものまで用いることができる。In the above embodiment, the metal film 4 was made to have approximately the same thickness as the electrode 2.3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be used, for example, from a foil-like film to a plate-like film with a thickness of several mm. can.
ｆｇ）発明の効果
以上のようにこの発明によれば、シート状有機正特性サ
ーミスタ素体の略全面が均一に発熱するため、これをミ
ラーや液晶パネル等の面状被加熱体に接合することによ
って、面状被加熱体をむらなく加熱することができる。fg) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, substantially the entire surface of the sheet-like organic PTC thermistor element generates heat uniformly, so that it can be bonded to a planar heated object such as a mirror or a liquid crystal panel. Accordingly, the planar heated object can be heated evenly.
第１図（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）はこの発明の実施例である発熱体
の構造および温度分布を表し、第２図は同発熱体の電流
および熱の経路を表している。第３図（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）と
第４図（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）はそれぞれ従来の発熱体の構造を
および温度分布について表している。
１−シート状有機正特性サーミスタ素体、２．３−電掻
、
４−金属膜。FIGS. 1A to 1C show the structure and temperature distribution of a heating element according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the current and heat paths of the heating element. 3(A)-(C) and FIG. 4(A)-(C) respectively represent the structure and temperature distribution of a conventional heating element. 1-Sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor body, 2.3-Electric scratching, 4-Metal film.
Claims (1)
、一対の電極を互いに近接させ、かつ略全面にわたって
分布する状態で形成し、他方の面に略全面に金属膜を形
成したことを特徴とする発熱体。(1) A pair of electrodes are formed on one surface of a sheet-like organic positive temperature coefficient thermistor element body in close proximity to each other and distributed over almost the entire surface, and a metal film is formed on the other surface almost over the entire surface. Features a heating element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62145800A JPS63308887A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Heating element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62145800A JPS63308887A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Heating element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63308887A true JPS63308887A (en) | 1988-12-16 |
Family
ID=15393443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62145800A Pending JPS63308887A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Heating element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63308887A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02136992U (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-11-15 |
-
1987
- 1987-06-10 JP JP62145800A patent/JPS63308887A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02136992U (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-11-15 |
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