JPS63295151A - Rotary tool cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a workpiece cuttable with a desirable constant value of cutting speed even if its circumferential speed varies, by controlling rotational frequency of a rotary tool or the workpiece so as to cause the cutting speed to become the specified one from circumferential speed of the rotary tool and the detected work circumferential speed. CONSTITUTION:A controller 9 inputs a signal of work circumferential speed 5 and also a signal of tool circumferential speed 4 of a rotary tool 1 from a speed detector 8, and it performs such operation that makes the work circumferential speed 5 and the tool circumferential speed 4 into vector synthesization, thereby calculating the cutting speed. Then, a driver 2 of the rotary tool 1 is controlled so as to cause this cutting speed to become the specified one, and rotational frequency of the rotary tool 1 is controlled. Consequently, supposing the work circumferential speed 5 varies, this variation is connected and thereby a workpiece can be machined so as to cause the cutting speed to become the specified one, thus these effects of reduction in wear, improvement in quality, cost down, etc., are all securable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting a rotating workpiece using a rotating tool.

[Prior Art] FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic explanatory diagrams showing the state during cutting or grinding by a conventional driven rotary tool. In FIG. 0, 1 is a rotary tool; It is rotationally driven by the device 2. 3 is a workpiece, and the workpiece 3 is also rotationally driven by a drive device (not shown). Rotary tool 1
As shown in the figure, the rotational axis of the workpiece 3 and the rotational axis of the workpiece 3 are generally not on the same plane, do not intersect, and are not parallel.

Cutting with such a rotary tool is performed by bringing the cutting blade of the rotating rotary tool 1 into contact with the surface of the rotating workpiece 3 and making a cut. The advancing direction and advancing speed of the cutting edge are obtained by vector synthesis of the cutting edge speed of the rotary tool 1, that is, the tool circumferential speed 4, and the circumferential speed (cutting circumferential speed) 5 of the cut portion of the workpiece 3. direction and speed. Further, the chips 6 that are cut and discharged are discharged at a chip discharge speed 7 determined by this combined speed.

Generally, in cutting, it is considered advantageous in terms of tool wear, machining cost, machining quality, etc. to perform cutting at a relatively low cutting speed. Especially when cutting a rotating workpiece with a rotating tool,
In order to reduce the amount of tool wear, the rotational speed of the rotary tool and the rotational speed of the workpiece should be set appropriately, and the difference between the chip evacuation speed 7 and the tool circumferential speed 5 should be made as small as possible during cutting. is said to be good.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] As described above, in cutting using a conventional rotary tool, the rotational speed of the tool and the speed of the workpiece are adjusted so that the cutting speed is a constant value that is advantageous in terms of tool wear, etc. Although the rotational speed is set, even if the workpiece 3 is driven at a set constant rotational speed, the cutting peripheral speed 5 is the product of the rotational speed and the radius of the cut part. Since it is determined proportionally, for example, as shown in Figure 3,
When cutting the upper part of the figure, the radius is small, so the circumferential cutting speed is low; when cutting the lower part of the figure, the radius is large, so the circumferential cutting speed is high.

Therefore, in order to keep the cutting speed at a desired constant speed as described above, it is necessary to increase the rotation speed of the workpiece 3 when cutting the upper part of the figure, and increase the rotation speed when cutting the lower part of the figure. The number needs to be reduced. Further, if the rotation speed of the workpiece 3 is to be maintained at a constant value, it is necessary to change the rotation speed of the rotary tool 1. However, this is very troublesome, and especially when the shape of the workpiece 3 is changing continuously, it is virtually impossible to continuously change the rotation speed to an appropriate speed. There was a problem in that the speed was inappropriate, increasing tool wear and deteriorating the quality of the cutting process.

This invention was made to solve these problems, and even if the shape of the workpiece, that is, the radius, changes and the circumferential speed of the workpiece changes, this invention can be corrected to maintain a desirable constant cutting speed. The purpose is to obtain a means for cutting so that the value of .

[Means for Solving the Problems] The rotary tool cutting device according to the present invention includes a speed detector that detects the cutting peripheral speed of the ttq material, and a signal of the cutting peripheral speed detected by the speed detector. a control device that receives the information, calculates a cutting speed from the tool circumferential speed of the rotary tool and the workpiece circumferential speed, and controls the rotation speed of the rotary tool or the workpiece so that the cutting speed becomes a predetermined speed. It is something that

[Operation] The rotary tool cutting device of the present invention detects the circumferential speed of the cut portion of the work material, calculates the cutting speed from the tool circumferential speed and the workpiece circumferential speed, and makes the cutting speed a predetermined speed. This is to control the rotational speed of the rotating tool or the workpiece, and this is done automatically, so even if the circumferential speed at the part to be cut changes depending on the shape of the workpiece, the rotation speed of the rotating tool or the workpiece can be controlled. The cutting speed is automatically corrected so as to be appropriate as the rotational speed changes and any of the circumferential speeds changes. This allows cutting to be performed in a desired state at all times.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure is an explanatory diagram of a rotary tool cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a rotary tool, and the rotary tool 1 is rotationally driven by a drive device 2. 3 is a workpiece, and the workpiece 3 is rotationally driven by a drive device (not shown). The cutting edge on the outer periphery of the rotary tool 1 is brought into contact with the cut portion of the workpiece 3 to cut it, and the workpiece 3 is also rotating and the workpiece 3 is turned. At that time, the direction and cutting speed in which the cutting blade of the rotary tool 1 cuts the cut part of the workpiece 3 are determined by the speed of the cutting blade of the rotary tool 1 (tool circumferential speed) 4 and the cut part of the workpiece 3 Peripheral speed (cutting peripheral speed) 5
It is a vector composition of The chips 6 are separated by this cutting and are discharged at a chip discharge speed 7 determined by this cutting speed.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a speed detector, which detects the outer circumferential speed (cut circumferential speed) 5 at the cut portion of the workpiece 3. The speed detector 8 may be a contact type that detects the speed by bringing a roller or the like into contact, or may be a non-contact type that detects the speed using electricity, magnetism, light, or the like. Reference numeral 9 denotes a control device, and the control device 9 takes in a signal of the peripheral speed of the cutting work from the speed detector 8, and also takes in a signal of the peripheral speed of the tool 4 of the rotary tool 1, and controls the peripheral speed of the workpiece 5 and the tool peripheral speed 4. The cutting speed is calculated by performing vector synthesis of
This is to control the rotation speed of the motor. This predetermined speed is determined in consideration of tool wear and the like. Particularly when tool wear, for example tool rake face wear, is a problem, the predetermined speed is set so that the tool circumferential speed 4 and the chip evacuation speed 7 calculated from the cutting speed are the same.

-m, in cutting, if the cutting speed is too high, the wear of the tool will increase significantly, and if the cutting speed is too low, the cost will increase. In between, there is less tool wear,
There is a cutting speed that allows for low cost and good machining quality. In particular, when cutting a rotating workpiece with a rotary tool, in order to reduce the amount of wear on the tool, the rotational speed of the rotary tool and the rotational speed of the workpiece should be appropriately set, and the chip ejection speed should be set to 7. It is said that it is best to perform cutting by minimizing the difference between the tool circumferential speed 5 and the tool circumferential speed 5.

Therefore, as described above, the control device 9 outputs the relative speed (cutting speed) # from the cutting peripheral speed 5 and the tool peripheral speed 4, and controls the rotation speed of the drive device 2 so that this becomes the desired value. and performs machining at a desired cutting speed. As a result, effects such as reduction in tool wear, improvement in quality, and cost reduction can be obtained.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the control device 9 is configured to control the drive device 2 of the rotary tool 1 to change the rotation speed of the rotary tool 1, but it also controls the drive device for the workpiece (not shown). If the rotational speed of the workpiece 3 is changed, the circumferential speed of the workpiece can always be kept constant, which is even better, and similar effects can be obtained.

Note that the speed detector 8 may be one that detects the radius of the part to be cut.

In addition, although the embodiments in which the present invention is applied to turning have been described above, when the speed of the cut part changes in milling, shaping, etc., the present invention can be applied to change the desired cutting speed. It is possible to obtain effects such as reduced wear, improved quality, and reduced costs.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, even if the speed of the workpiece changes, this is detected and the rotational speed of the workpiece or tool is controlled, and cutting is always performed in an appropriate state. Therefore, advantageous effects such as reduced tool wear can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a rotary tool cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams of cutting by a rotary tool. In the figure, ■ is a rotary tool, 2 is a drive device, 3 is a workpiece, 6 is a chip, 8 is a speed detector, and 9 is a control device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A cutting device that cuts a rotating workpiece using a rotating tool, including a speed detector that detects a circumferential speed of the workpiece at a cut portion of the workpiece, and a speed detector that detects the circumferential speed of the workpiece at a cut portion of the workpiece; A control device that receives a speed signal, calculates a cutting speed from the tool peripheral speed of the rotary tool and the workpiece peripheral speed, and controls the rotation speed of the rotary tool or the workpiece so that the cutting speed becomes a predetermined speed. A rotary tool cutting device characterized by comprising: (2) The rotary tool cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined speed is a speed at which a chip discharge speed calculated from the tool circumferential speed and the workpiece circumferential speed is the same as the tool circumferential speed. .