JPS6328705A - Spike pin - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent road face damage by providing a cover capable of elastic deformation outside a spike shank and positioning the top of the cover on the top face of a spike shank as shooting, in a spike pin of spike type for vehicle. CONSTITUTION:At running on i not-frozen road face, a shooting 7 is projected from a tip 4 on the summit face of a shank 3 and the tip 4 doesn't contact with the road face. At this time, the friction coefficient between the shooting and the road face is large and the sideward slipping of the shooting 7 doesn't occur. And on the frozen road face, the friction coefficient between the shooting 7 and the snow/ice becomes small and the shooting 7 causes the sideward slipping and the shooting 7 shifts outward along the top end face 9 of the shank 3 and enters a groove 15. Hereby, the tip 4 contacts with the road face to function as a spike. By this constitution, road face damage can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Purpose of the invention [Field of industrial application] The present invention relates to a spike tire used when a vehicle runs on an icy and snowy road.

[Prior Art] When a vehicle drives on a frozen road such as an icy road, spiked tires, which have a plurality of spikes protruding from the tire tread, have traditionally been used to prevent the tires from slipping. Are known.

A conventional spike tire has a structure in which spikes 102 are driven into a snow tire 101 and protrude by about 1.5 to 2.0 ffi from the tire surface, as shown in FIG. A tip 103 made of cemented carbide or the like is usually attached to the tip of the sink 104 of the spike 102 for wear resistance.

Conventional spiked tires have this structure, so
On a road surface without ice or snow, the spikes 102 scrape the road surface and scatter as dust during popular use, causing pollution problems. As a countermeasure to this, current efforts are to reduce the protrusion of the spikes to 1.0 to 1.5 feet, or to increase the number of spikes from 154 spikes per tie A' to 122 spikes per tie A'. However, this does not provide a practical solution to the pollution problem, and
On the other hand, it may cause a decline in the performance of tires on icy and snowy roads, which is considered to be a safety issue. It is desired to develop a spiked tire that can maintain the same performance.

For this purpose, technology is being considered to move the spikes of spiked tires in and out depending on the road surface conditions when it is frozen or not.In this case, the temperature of the road surface can be detected to drive the spikes in and out. However, estimating the state of road slippage from the road surface temperature is an extremely indirect detection method.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and directly corresponds to the frozen and non-frozen conditions of the road surface. It is possible to use the difference in the coefficient of friction as it is to change the length of the spikes protruding from the tire surface, to move them below the tire surface, or to hide the spikes, thereby preventing them from scraping the road surface. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiked tire that is particularly simple in structure, easy to operate, and reliable, without deteriorating the performance of the tire on ice and snow surfaces. .

(B) Structure of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problem] Corresponding to this object, the spike pin of the present invention has a spike shank and a lζ cover member provided outside the spike shank, and The member includes an elastically deformable support part that extends along the side surface of the spike shank, and an elastically deformable support part that is attached to the tip of the support part, is located on the tip surface of the spike shank, and has a circumferential length that is elastic. Rm
It is said that

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings showing one embodiment.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a spiked tire, which is provided with spikes 2 embedded therein. The spike 2 consists of a shank 3 and a cover member 10. shank 3
has a columnar shape, a tip 4 is fixed to the tip of the shank 3, and a flange 5 is formed at the uQ portion of the shank 3.

The shank 3 is attached to the tire 6 with its tip exposed outward.
The shank is buried in the shank, and the flange 5 prevents the shank from coming out. The cover member 10 consists of a support portion 8 and a shoe ring 7.

The support portion 8 is made of an elastic material such as rubber, has a thin cylindrical shape, and is fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the shank 3. A shoe ring 7 is provided at the tip of the support part 8 concentrically with the support part 8. The shoe ring 7 is formed integrally with the support part 8 and has an annular shape, and surrounds the tongue 4 and attaches to the shank 3.
It is located on the tip surface 9 of. The shoe ring 7 has a circular cross-sectional shape in a plane including the central axis of the ring. The shoe ring 7 is made of an elastic material, and when an external force directed outward in the radial direction is applied to the shoe ring 7, it can stretch outward with the tip 4 as the center, and when the external force disappears, The area immediately around the chip 4 returns to its original shape. The tip surface 9 of the shank 3 has a middle height, with the center being the highest and the peripheral portion being slightly lower, so no external force acts on the shoe ring 7 in the radial direction outward, and the shoe ring 7 retains its original shape. In some cases, the end surface 11 of the shoe ring 7 is located further outward than the tip 12 of the tip 4 by Δh,
Therefore, the tip 12 of the tip 4 does not come into contact with the road surface 13.

On the other hand, when an external force acting on the shoe ring 7 toward the outside in the radial direction causes the shoe ring 7 to be displaced toward the periphery of the distal end surface 9 of the shank 3, the end surface 11 of the shoe ring 7 is lowered, and the tip 4 is relatively The tip 12 protrudes from the road surface 13
come into contact with. Incidentally, an annular groove 15 may be formed on the tire tread surface 14 around the distal end surface 9 of the shank 3 in order to accommodate the shoe ring 7 when the shoe ring 7 is displaced. Further, the peripheral portion of the chunk may be stepped 20 as shown in FIG.

The shoe ring 7 is made of rubber or plastic, and its coefficient of friction is particularly important, and a material whose coefficient of friction with respect to frozen road surfaces is smaller than that with respect to non-frozen road surfaces is used.

[Function] A spiked tire equipped with spike pins configured as described above has i! between the running road surface and the tire surface or tip. J! Taking advantage of the fact that the m engagement is different between frozen and non-frozen conditions, the tip tip protrudes or is exposed to grip the road surface on frozen roads, and retreats or hides the tip tip on non-frozen roads such as dry roads. This reduces contact between the spike tips and the road surface, reducing wear and tear on the road surface.

Its specific action is as follows.

First, when the spiked tire 1 is used to drive on a non-frozen road surface free of ice and snow, the tips 4 do not come into contact with the road surface, but only the shoe rings 7 come into contact with the road surface, as shown in FIG. 3(a). Is the shoe ring 7 in the axial direction of the shank 3 from the road surface? When receiving i41, a component force is generated in the direction parallel to the road surface 13, but the difference between the shoe ring 7 and the non-frozen road surface is 11! Since the coefficient of friction is large, side slip does not occur on the shoe ring 7. Therefore, the load from the road surface is borne by the shank 3 via the shoe ring 7, the shoe ring 7 contacts the road surface 13, and the tip 4 does not contact the road surface 13, so the tip 4
does not scrape the road surface.

Next, when the tire 1 runs on an icy and snowy road surface, the coefficient of friction between the shoe ring 7 and the ice and snow is small, so the shoe ring 7
Due to the component force in the direction parallel to the road surface generated in When a groove 15 is provided, the tip 4 retreats outward and enters the groove 15, and the tip 4 relatively protrudes outward and bites into the ice and snow on the road surface 13 to function as a spike.

(C) Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, when the road surface is frozen,
By directly utilizing the difference in the coefficient of friction when not frozen, it is possible to change how well the chips protrude from the tire surface, move them below the tire surface, or hide the chips. Do not scrape off, and
It is possible to obtain a spiked tire with a simple structure without reducing the performance of the tire on ice and snow surfaces.

It is particularly important to note that although it has been thought to control the entry and exit of spikes according to temperature, estimating the road surface condition from the temperature condition is only an indirect method of detecting the road surface condition. However, since the present invention directly uses the slippage of the road surface as a signal, it can respond extremely well to the condition of the road surface.

(D) Other Embodiments FIG. 5(a) shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the shape of the new surface of the shoe ring 7b in a plane including the center axis of the ring is not a perfect circle, and the distal end surface 1
6 and the side end surface 17 form a straight line, and a membrane-like collar 18 is provided inside the shoe ring 7b.
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. The straight end surface 16 increases the contact area with the road surface 13, reduces wear on the shoe ring 7b, and
The provision of the brim 18 means that, as shown in FIG. 5(b),
The operation of the spike 2 is ensured by preventing sand or the like from entering between the shank 3 and the cover member 10.

FIG. 6(a) shows still another embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment shown in FIG. and have different characteristics. In this case, the surface of the front end face 16 is a surface with a small coefficient of friction with respect to the frozen road surface, and the surface of the rear end face 21 is 11! with respect to the frozen road surface. Forms on surfaces with a large friction coefficient. .

In the shoe ring 7C configured in this way, when driving on a non-frozen road surface, the tip end surface 16 of the shoe ring 7C comes into contact with the road surface 13 as shown in FIG. 6 <a).
When driving on a frozen road surface, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the front end surface 16 of the shoe ring 7C slides, and the shoe ring 7C is reversed so that the back end surface 21 is on the outside and comes into contact with the road surface 13.

Since the rear end surface 21 is formed to have a large coefficient of friction like a rough surface, the vehicle can run without slipping on the frozen road surface. Therefore, in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the tip 4 can be omitted.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a spike pin according to an example of this invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of the spike pin,
Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing how the spike pin is used;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a spike pin according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a spike pin according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing a spike pin according to the embodiment of Haku, and a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing a conventional spike tire as shown in Fig. 7. 1...Spike tire 2...Spike 3・
・・Shank 4・Tip 5・Flange 6・Tameya 7・Shoe ring 8・
... Support part 10 ... Cover member 11 ... End surface
12... Tip 13... Road surface 14... Tire tread 15... 1 Tomb 16... Tip surface 17...
・Side end face 18...Brim 21...Back end face Fig. 1 Fig. 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] It has a spike shank and a cover member provided on the outside of the spike shank, and the cover member includes an elastically deformable support part located along a side surface of the spike shank, and an elastically deformable support part attached to the tip of the support part. and an annular shoe ring having an elastically variable circumferential length and located on the tip surface of the spike shank.