JPS63284559A - Organic photoconductive material - Google Patents
Organic photoconductive materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63284559A JPS63284559A JP11918687A JP11918687A JPS63284559A JP S63284559 A JPS63284559 A JP S63284559A JP 11918687 A JP11918687 A JP 11918687A JP 11918687 A JP11918687 A JP 11918687A JP S63284559 A JPS63284559 A JP S63284559A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- charge generating
- charge
- photoconductive
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 60
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 21
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 3
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyphenylenoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001629 stilbenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004961 triphenylmethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/142—Inert intermediate layers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、例えば電子写真用感光体等に使用される有
機光導電材料に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an organic photoconductive material used, for example, in electrophotographic photoreceptors.
電子写真用感光体の一種に、三層構造型の感光体がある
。この三層構造型の感光体は、第１図に示すように、ア
ルミニウムなどの導電性支持体ｌ上に、下引き層２を介
して、光を吸収して電荷を発生する電荷発生材を含む電
荷発生層３を設け、この電荷発生層３上に発生した電荷
が感光体中を効率良く移動できる機能を有する電荷輸送
材を含む電荷輸送層４を設けたもので、電荷発生層３と
電荷輸送層４とで光導電層を構成している。One type of electrophotographic photoreceptor is a three-layer photoreceptor. As shown in Fig. 1, this three-layer structure type photoreceptor has a charge-generating material that absorbs light and generates a charge, placed on a conductive support l such as aluminum, via an undercoat layer 2. A charge-generating layer 3 is provided, and a charge-transporting layer 4 is provided, which includes a charge-transporting material that has a function of allowing the charges generated on the charge-generating layer 3 to move efficiently through the photoreceptor. The charge transport layer 4 constitutes a photoconductive layer.
この種の感光体の下引き層２は、感光体に電位をかけた
際に、導電性支持体に発生する電荷の光導電層への移動
を阻止して光導電層の帯電性を向上させるためのもので
ある。また、この下引き層２は、導電性支持体の材料と
して例えばアルミニウムを用いた場合に、支持体表面と
光導電層表面との間のぬれ性を改善するとともに、支持
体表面を平滑にして両者間の密着性を向上させるための
ものでもある。The undercoat layer 2 of this type of photoreceptor improves the charging property of the photoconductive layer by blocking the transfer of charges generated in the conductive support to the photoconductive layer when a potential is applied to the photoreceptor. It is for. In addition, when aluminum is used as the material for the conductive support, this undercoat layer 2 not only improves the wettability between the support surface and the photoconductive layer surface, but also smoothes the support surface. It is also for improving the adhesion between the two.
そして、このような下引き層２を形成する材料としては
、従来より、カゼイン、メチルセルロース、ポリビニル
ピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコールなどが知られている
。As materials for forming such an undercoat layer 2, casein, methyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like are conventionally known.
しかしながら、このような電子写真用感光体は、下引き
層２により光導電層の帯電性が向上したものとなるが、
半減露光量（Ｅｌ／２．単位ルックス・秒）で表される
感度が低い問題点があった。However, in such an electrophotographic photoreceptor, although the undercoat layer 2 improves the charging property of the photoconductive layer,
There was a problem in that the sensitivity expressed by the half-life exposure amount (El/2.unit: lux/second) was low.
この発明は上記の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、電子写
真用感光体としての感度が良好でかつ光導電層の帯電性
が向上した有機光導電材料を提供することを目的とする
。The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an organic photoconductive material that has good sensitivity as an electrophotographic photoreceptor and has an improved chargeability of a photoconductive layer.
この発明では、下引き層を形成する材料として光導電層
の電荷発生層用バインダーと同じ材料のものを用いるこ
とにより、光導電材料として良好な感度等の特性が得ら
れるようにした。In this invention, by using the same material as the binder for the charge generation layer of the photoconductive layer as the material for forming the undercoat layer, it is possible to obtain good characteristics such as sensitivity as a photoconductive material.
この発明の有機光導電材料は、導電性支持体と、電荷発
生層および電荷輸送層からなる光導電層との間に上記電
荷発生層用バインダーと同じ材料からなる下引き層が設
けられたものである。The organic photoconductive material of the present invention is one in which an undercoat layer made of the same material as the binder for the charge generation layer is provided between a conductive support and a photoconductive layer consisting of a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer. It is.
この発明では、後述する電荷発生層の電荷発生材用バイ
ンダーとなる合成樹脂と同じ合成樹脂を有機溶剤に溶解
し、これを導電性支持体ｌ上に塗布し乾燥することによ
り下引き層２とされる。そして、この下引き層２を形成
する材料としては、例えばシリコーン、ブヂラール、ボ
リヵーボネイト、ポリフェニレノキサイド、ポリスルフ
ォン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリエステル、ポリ
スチレン等の合成樹脂が好適に用いられる。In this invention, the undercoat layer 2 is formed by dissolving the same synthetic resin as the binder for the charge generation material in the charge generation layer described later in an organic solvent, coating it on the conductive support l, and drying it. be done. As the material for forming the undercoat layer 2, synthetic resins such as silicone, butyral, polycarbonate, polyphenylenoxide, polysulfone, polymethyl methacrylate, polyester, and polystyrene are preferably used.
一方、光導電層中の電荷発生材としては、例えばアゾ顔
料、スクアリウム塩色素、会合性チアピリリウム塩型シ
アニン色素、フタロノアニン顔料などが用いられる。こ
れらの電荷発生材は、バインダーとなる上述の合成樹脂
とともに有機溶剤に溶解、分散されて溶液とされ、これ
を上記下引き層２上に塗布し乾燥することにより電荷発
生層３とされる。On the other hand, as the charge generating material in the photoconductive layer, for example, an azo pigment, a squalium salt dye, an associative thiapyrylium salt type cyanine dye, a phthalonoamine pigment, etc. are used. These charge generating materials are dissolved and dispersed in an organic solvent together with the above-mentioned synthetic resin serving as a binder to form a solution, which is applied onto the undercoat layer 2 and dried to form the charge generating layer 3.
また、光導電層中の電荷輸送材としては、例えば芳香族
置換ピラゾリン類、芳香族ヒドラゾン類、芳香族置換オ
キサジアゾール類、トリフェニルメタン類、トリフェニ
ルアミン類、スチルベン類などが用いられる。これらの
電荷輸送材は、バインダーとなる合成樹脂とともに、有
機溶剤に溶解、分散され、この溶液を上記電荷発生層３
」二に塗布、乾燥することにより電荷有機層４とされる
。Further, as the charge transport material in the photoconductive layer, for example, aromatic substituted pyrazolines, aromatic hydrazones, aromatic substituted oxadiazoles, triphenylmethanes, triphenylamines, stilbenes, etc. are used. These charge transport materials are dissolved and dispersed in an organic solvent together with a synthetic resin serving as a binder, and this solution is added to the charge generation layer 3.
A charged organic layer 4 is formed by applying the second layer and drying it.
このような有機光導電材料にあっては、光導電４一
層の帯電性が向上するとともに、感光体とした時の光感
度が高感度となる。In such an organic photoconductive material, the charging property of the photoconductive 4 layer is improved, and the photosensitivity when used as a photoreceptor becomes high.
以下、実施例を示してこの発明の作用効果を明確にする
。Hereinafter, the effects of this invention will be clarified by showing examples.
（実施例１）
シリコーン樹脂ｒ ＥＳｌｏｏＩ Ｊ （商品名、信越
化学制）０．１ｇを１０ｇのテトラヒドロフランに溶解
せしめ、この溶液をアルミニウムからなる導電性支持体
上に約０．１μｍの厚さに塗布し、乾燥して下引き層と
した。(Example 1) 0.1 g of silicone resin r ESlooI J (trade name, Shin-Etsu Chemical) was dissolved in 10 g of tetrahydrofuran, and this solution was applied to a thickness of about 0.1 μm on a conductive support made of aluminum. It was dried to form an undercoat layer.
次いで、この下引き層の上に、上記シリコーン樹脂をテ
トラヒドロフランに溶解した溶液にＸ型無金属フタロン
アニンを分散した液を約０．５μ屑の厚さに塗布し乾燥
して電荷発生層を形成した。次に、この電荷発生層上に
、電荷輸送材としてのヒドラゾン系化合物（皿内香料製
）をボリアリレート樹脂ｒ ＮＡＰ樹脂」（商品名、鐘
淵化学工業製）のバインダーとともにンクロルメタンに
溶解した溶液を塗布、乾燥して電荷輸送層を形成し、感
光体を得た。Next, on top of this undercoat layer, a solution prepared by dispersing X-type metal-free phthalonanine in a solution of the silicone resin dissolved in tetrahydrofuran was applied to a thickness of about 0.5 μm and dried to form a charge generation layer. . Next, on this charge generation layer, a solution prepared by dissolving a hydrazone-based compound (manufactured by Sarauchi Co., Ltd.) as a charge transporting material in chloromethane together with a binder of polyarylate resin "NAP resin" (trade name, manufactured by Kanefuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is applied. A charge transport layer was formed by coating and drying to obtain a photoreceptor.
この感光体の電子写真特性を静電気帯電試験装置（ＥＰ
Ａ−８１００，川口電機製）を使用して評価した。The electrophotographic properties of this photoreceptor were measured using an electrostatic charging tester (EP).
A-8100, manufactured by Kawaguchi Denki).
導電性支持体に一５ｋＶの静電圧を印加して帯電させた
のち、１０ルツクスの白色光を１０秒間照射して光減衰
特性を調べたところ、帯電電位（Ｖｏ）が−１２００Ｖ
で感度（Ｅ １／２）が１．５ルツクス・秒となり良好
な結果が得られた。After applying an electrostatic voltage of -5 kV to the conductive support to charge it, we irradiated it with 10 lux white light for 10 seconds to examine the light attenuation characteristics, and found that the charging potential (Vo) was -1200 V.
The sensitivity (E 1/2) was 1.5 lux·sec, which was a good result.
（比較例１）
下引き層を設けない以外は実施例１と同様にして感光体
を作成し、同様に電子写真特性を評価したところ、帯電
電位（Ｖ、）が−９００■で感度（Ｅ １／２）が１．
５ルツクス・秒であった。(Comparative Example 1) A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no undercoat layer was provided, and the electrophotographic characteristics were similarly evaluated. 1/2) is 1.
It was 5 lux·sec.
（比較例２）
下引き層を形成する材料としてカゼインを用いる以外は
実施例１と同様にして感光体を作成し、同様に電子写真
特性を評価したところ、帯電電位（Ｖｏ）が−１３００
Ｖで感度（Ｅ １／２）が１．フルックス・秒であった
。(Comparative Example 2) A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that casein was used as the material for forming the undercoat layer, and the electrophotographic characteristics were similarly evaluated. As a result, the charging potential (Vo) was -1300.
At V, the sensitivity (E 1/2) is 1. It was Flux Sec.
（比較例３）
下引き層を形成する材料として５１０２ガラスを用いる
以外は実施例Ｉと同様にして感光体を作成し、同様に電
子写真特性を評価したところ、帯電電位（Ｖ、）が−１
１００Ｖで感度（Ｅ１／２）か１６ルツクス・秒であっ
た。(Comparative Example 3) A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example I except that 5102 glass was used as the material for forming the undercoat layer, and the electrophotographic characteristics were similarly evaluated. As a result, the charging potential (V, ) was - 1
At 100V, the sensitivity (E1/2) was 16 lux·sec.
（比較例４）
下引き層を形成する材料としてポリビニルピロリドンを
用いる以外は実施例１と同様にして感光体を作成し、同
様に電子写真特性を評価したところ、帯電電位（Ｖｏ）
が−１２００Ｖで感度（Ｅ ｌ／２）が１．９ルツクス
・秒であった。(Comparative Example 4) A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as the material for forming the undercoat layer, and the electrophotographic characteristics were evaluated in the same manner.
was −1200 V and the sensitivity (E 1/2) was 1.9 lux·sec.
（実施例２）
下引き層を形成する材料および電荷発生材用バインダー
としてブチラール樹脂を用いる以外は実施例１と同様に
して感光体を作成し、同様に電子写真特性を評価したと
ころ、帯電電位（Ｖ、）が−１２００Ｖで感度（Ｅ １
／２）が１．７５ルツクス・秒であった。(Example 2) A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that butyral resin was used as the material forming the undercoat layer and the binder for the charge generating material, and the electrophotographic characteristics were similarly evaluated. (V,) is -1200V and the sensitivity (E 1
/2) was 1.75 lux·sec.
（比較例５）
下引き層を設けない以外は実施例２と同様にし第１図は
、電子写真用感光体の例を示す概略断面図である。(Comparative Example 5) Same as Example 2 except that no undercoat layer was provided. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an electrophotographic photoreceptor.
て感光体を作成し、同様に電子写真特性を評価したとこ
ろ、帯電電位（Ｖｏ）が−９００Ｖで感度（Ｅ １／２
）が１７５ルツクス・秒であった。When a photoreceptor was prepared using
) was 175 lux·sec.
（比較例６）
下引き層を形成する材料としてカゼインを用いる以外は
実施例２と同様にして感光体を作成し、同様に電子写真
特性を評価したところ、帯電電位（Ｖｏ）が−１３００
Ｖで感度（Ｅ １／２）が１．９５ルツクス・秒であっ
た。(Comparative Example 6) A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that casein was used as the material for forming the undercoat layer, and the electrophotographic characteristics were similarly evaluated. As a result, the charging potential (Vo) was -1300.
The sensitivity (E 1/2) was 1.95 lux·sec.
以上のように、この発明の有機光導電材料を有する感光
体は、従来の比較例に比べて高感度であった。As described above, the photoreceptor having the organic photoconductive material of the present invention had higher sensitivity than the conventional comparative example.
以上説明したように、この発明の有機光導電材料は、導
電性支持体と電荷発生層および電荷輸送層からなる光導
電層との間に、上記電荷発生層用バインダーと同じ材料
からなる下引き層が設けられたものであるので、光導電
層の帯電性が向上するとともに、高感度のものとなる。As explained above, in the organic photoconductive material of the present invention, an undercoat made of the same material as the binder for the charge generation layer is provided between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer consisting of the charge generation layer and the charge transport layer. Since the photoconductive layer is provided with layers, the charging property of the photoconductive layer is improved and the photoconductive layer has high sensitivity.
１・・導電性支持体、２・・・下引き層、３ ・電荷発
生層（光導電層）、４ 電荷輸送層（光導電層）。1. Conductive support, 2. Undercoat layer, 3. Charge generation layer (photoconductive layer), 4. Charge transport layer (photoconductive layer).
Claims (1)
導電層との間に、上記電荷発生層用バインダーと同じ材
料からなる下引き層が設けられたことを特徴とする有機
光導電材料。An organic photoconductive material characterized in that an undercoat layer made of the same material as the binder for the charge generation layer is provided between a conductive support and a photoconductive layer consisting of a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11918687A JPS63284559A (en) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-05-15 | Organic photoconductive material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11918687A JPS63284559A (en) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-05-15 | Organic photoconductive material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63284559A true JPS63284559A (en) | 1988-11-21 |
Family
ID=14755041
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11918687A Pending JPS63284559A (en) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-05-15 | Organic photoconductive material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63284559A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04240861A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-08-28 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
-
1987
- 1987-05-15 JP JP11918687A patent/JPS63284559A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04240861A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-08-28 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
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