JPS63270418A - Method for dissolving metal kind by nitric acid - Google Patents
Method for dissolving metal kind by nitric acidInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63270418A JPS63270418A JP62104134A JP10413487A JPS63270418A JP S63270418 A JPS63270418 A JP S63270418A JP 62104134 A JP62104134 A JP 62104134A JP 10413487 A JP10413487 A JP 10413487A JP S63270418 A JPS63270418 A JP S63270418A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nitric acid
- metal
- gas
- water
- nox
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen dioxide Chemical compound O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013722 M(NO3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQBGDVZLIUYDDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ni].[Ag].[Au] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ni].[Ag].[Au] QQBGDVZLIUYDDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000061 acid fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、硝酸による金属の溶解方法、特に金属の硝酸
溶解により発生するＮＯｘガスを系外に排気せずに系内
で硝酸に変換して硝酸に可溶な金属と不溶な金属を分離
するようにした方法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for dissolving metals with nitric acid, and in particular, a method for converting NOx gas generated by dissolving metals in nitric acid into nitric acid within the system without exhausting it outside the system. The present invention relates to a method for separating metals soluble in nitric acid and metals insoluble in nitric acid.
（従来技術とその問題点）
従来から各種金属を硝酸に溶解させる技術（硝酸分金）
が知られており、例えば銅、ニッケル及び亜鉛等の卑金
属に金又は白金族を加えてなる合金中から該金又は白金
族金属を分離回収する際に前記硝酸公金技術が使用され
る。この技術はステンレス鋼等から成るタンクに被処理
体を投入しておき、該被処理体に濃硝酸（６２％）を滴
下し必要に応じてヒーターで加熱して前記被処理体を硝
酸に溶解するようにしている。(Conventional technology and its problems) Conventional technology for dissolving various metals in nitric acid (nitric acid fraction)
is known, and the nitric acid public metal technique is used, for example, when separating and recovering gold or platinum group metals from an alloy formed by adding gold or platinum group metals to base metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc. In this technology, the object to be processed is placed in a tank made of stainless steel, etc., and concentrated nitric acid (62%) is added dropwise to the object, and if necessary, the object is heated with a heater to dissolve the object in the nitric acid. I try to do that.
この反応は例えば、
阿＋４ｔｌＮＣｈ →Ｍ（ＮＯ３）！ ＋２ＮＯ□＋２
Ｈ，０（１１諸＋８ＨＮＯ：ｌ １３Ｍ（ＮＯｚ）ｚ
＋ ２ＮＯ＋ ４Ｈ□０（２）の式に従って進行し、
有害物質であるＮＯｘガスが生じるとともに加えた硝酸
の全部が金属溶解に使用されずＮＯｘガスに転化される
ため効率が低下する。該ＮＯｘガスは溶解装置に付設し
た吸収塔に導いて除去しているが、装置が大型化して大
きな設置面積を必要とするとともに経済性も低下する。This reaction is, for example, A+4tlNCh →M(NO3)! +2NO□+2
H,0(11+8HNO:l 13M(NOz)z
+ 2NO+ 4H□0 Proceeds according to the formula (2),
NOx gas, which is a harmful substance, is generated, and all of the added nitric acid is not used for metal dissolution and is converted to NOx gas, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. The NOx gas is removed by being led to an absorption tower attached to the dissolving device, but this increases the size of the device, requires a large installation area, and also reduces economic efficiency.
この欠点を解消するために上記した（１） （２１の反
応に酸素ガスを関与させて、例えば、
ＮＯ＋１／２０□ −ＮＯ□
（３）ＮＯ□ ＋ １／２ Ｈ２Ｏ＋ １／
４０□ −ｔｌＮＯ３（４１間 ＋ ２ＨＮＯ，＋
１／２０□ −Ｍ（ＮＯ３）２ →−１１□０（５）
の反応のように硝酸として回収したり （反応（４））
、又は硝酸に変換した後更に金属の溶解に利用したりす
る（反応（５））ことが既に知られている。しかしなが
ら反応（１）及び（２）を反応（３） （４） （５１
と同一系内で進行させることは困難であり、ＮＯｘガス
は系外に排出されることが多い。In order to solve this drawback, oxygen gas is involved in the reaction of (1) (21), for example, NO+1/20□ -NO□
(3) NO□ + 1/2 H2O+ 1/
40□ -tlNO3 (between 41 + 2HNO, +
1/20□ -M(NO3)2 →-11□0(5)
It can be recovered as nitric acid as in the reaction (reaction (4)).
It is already known that nitric acid is converted into nitric acid and then used for dissolving metals (reaction (5)). However, reactions (1) and (2) are converted into reactions (3) (4) (51
It is difficult to allow NOx gas to proceed in the same system as NOx gas, and NOx gas is often discharged outside the system.
上記反応式（１） （２）に従って発生したＮＯｘガス
を系外に排出せず反応式（４）又は（５）に従って回収
し又は更に金属の溶解に使用するためには、発生したＮ
Ｏｘガスを迅速に反応式（３１ｆ４１ （５１に従って
反応させることが必要になる。In order to recover the NOx gas generated according to reaction formulas (1) and (2) above according to reaction formulas (4) or (5) without discharging it outside the system, or to use it for dissolving metals, it is necessary to
It is necessary to react Ox gas quickly according to the reaction equation (31f41 (51).
（発明の目的）
本発明は、硝酸による金属の溶解反応を停止させること
なく発生するＮ、Ｏｘガスの硝酸への変換を迅速に行う
ことを可能にし、上記した（１）〜（５）の反応を連続
的に進行させて発生するＮＯｘガスを系外に排出させる
ことなく系内で完全に使用できる方法を提供することを
目的とする。(Object of the invention) The present invention enables rapid conversion of generated N and Ox gases into nitric acid without stopping the metal dissolution reaction with nitric acid, and achieves the above-mentioned (1) to (5). It is an object of the present invention to provide a method in which NOx gas generated by continuous reaction can be used completely within the system without being discharged outside the system.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は、少なくとも一部に硝酸に溶解する金属を含む
被溶解物に硝酸を加えて前記金属を溶解する方法におい
て、該溶解系に酸素含有ガスを加えるとともに水を加え
て該溶解により発生するＮＯｘガスを硝酸に変換するよ
うにしたことを特徴とする金属類の硝酸による溶解方法
である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a method of adding nitric acid to a material to be melted containing at least a portion of a metal that is soluble in nitric acid to dissolve said metal, in which an oxygen-containing gas is added to the melting system. This is a method for dissolving metals using nitric acid, which is characterized in that water is added at the same time to convert NOx gas generated by the dissolution into nitric acid.
以下に本発明をより詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
本発明の最大の特徴は、金属の硝酸溶解に際して水を加
えることであり、本発明は単独又は複数の金属を硝酸に
溶解するために使用し、あるいは複数の金属から硝酸に
溶けあるいは溶けない金属の分離回収に使用することが
できる。The greatest feature of the present invention is that water is added when dissolving metals in nitric acid. It can be used for the separation and recovery of
濃硝酸は約６２％の濃度であり通常これ以上の濃度には
ならない。上記反応式（１１（２）において水が発生し
、理論的には硝酸濃度が低下して上記反応式（４）で示
すようにＮ Ｏｘガスを吸収することが可能であるが、
実際には上記反応式（４）を進行させるために十分に硝
酸濃度が低下していることが少なく発生するＮＯ□Ｏｘ
ガス記反応式（４）により吸収されずに系外に排出され
ることが多い。従って本発明では上記反応式（４）で生
ずる水の他に水を加えて硝酸濃度を飽和濃度と比較して
かなり低くしておき発生するＮＯ２ガスが迅速に硝酸に
吸収されるようにしておくことが必要である。Concentrated nitric acid has a concentration of about 62% and usually does not exceed this concentration. In the above reaction formula (11(2)), water is generated, and theoretically, the nitric acid concentration decreases and it is possible to absorb NOx gas as shown in the above reaction formula (4).
In reality, the nitric acid concentration rarely decreases enough for the above reaction formula (4) to proceed, and NO□Ox is generated.
According to gas reaction formula (4), it is often discharged out of the system without being absorbed. Therefore, in the present invention, water is added in addition to the water produced in reaction formula (4) above to keep the nitric acid concentration considerably lower than the saturated concentration so that the generated NO2 gas can be quickly absorbed by the nitric acid. It is necessary.
本発明では、金属は完全に硝酸中に浸漬していてもよい
が、金属片を溶解装置中に位置させこれに硝酸を加えて
硝酸が金属に接触するとともに金属を溶解して金属片の
下方へ移動するようにすることが好ましい。In the present invention, the metal piece may be completely immersed in nitric acid, but the metal piece is placed in a melting device and nitric acid is added to it so that the nitric acid comes into contact with the metal and melts the metal, dissolving the metal piece under the metal piece. It is preferable to move to .
本発明における金属の種類は、少なくとも硝酸に溶解す
る金属が含まれていれば特に限定はされず、金、銀及び
パラジウム等の貴金属及び／又は銅、ニッケル及び亜鉛
等の卑金属を任意に使用することができる。The type of metal in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains at least a metal that dissolves in nitric acid, and noble metals such as gold, silver, and palladium and/or base metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc may be optionally used. be able to.
系中に加える水は噴霧状態で加えることが好ましい。Ｎ
Ｏｘガスは上記反応式（１） （２）に従って金属と硝
酸の接触面つまり液相又は気相で発生する。The water added to the system is preferably added in the form of a spray. N
Ox gas is generated at the interface between the metal and nitric acid, that is, in the liquid phase or gas phase, according to reaction formulas (1) and (2) above.
液相の場合には液中つまり硝酸中に該ＮＯｘガスが溶解
できるだけの余裕がないと一部又は全部が気相中に移動
する。水を気相中へ噴霧するとこれらのＮＯｘガスが大
きな面積で噴霧された水と接触するためＮＯｘガスの溶
解が促進される。In the case of a liquid phase, if there is not enough room for the NOx gas to dissolve in the liquid, that is, in the nitric acid, part or all of it will move into the gas phase. When water is sprayed into the gas phase, these NOx gases come into contact with the sprayed water over a large area, so that dissolution of the NOx gases is promoted.
又気相の場合にも発生するＮＯｘガスが水と広い面積で
接触して吸収が促進されるためには、水を噴霧すること
が好ましい。Furthermore, it is preferable to spray water so that the NOx gas generated even in the gas phase comes into contact with water over a wide area and absorption is promoted.
更にＮＯｘガスが気相で発生する場合には加える硝酸も
噴霧することが好ましく、これにより硝酸が金属の全面
に少量ずつ均一に接触してＮＯｘガスも均一に発生し酸
素や水と十分接触して上記反応式（３） （４） （５
１が迅速に進行してＮＯｘガスがほぼ定量的に硝酸へ転
化されることが可能になる。従って従来の硝酸溶解では
理論量の１．４〜１．５倍必要であった硝酸が、本発明
では１．１倍程度の使用で十分となる。Furthermore, when NOx gas is generated in the gas phase, it is preferable to also spray the added nitric acid, so that the nitric acid comes into uniform contact with the entire surface of the metal little by little, and NOx gas is also generated uniformly, ensuring sufficient contact with oxygen and water. The above reaction formula (3) (4) (5
1 proceeds rapidly, allowing almost quantitative conversion of NOx gas to nitric acid. Therefore, in the conventional nitric acid dissolution, 1.4 to 1.5 times the theoretical amount of nitric acid was required, but in the present invention, it is sufficient to use about 1.1 times the theoretical amount.
又本発明では水、酸素、ＮＯｘガス及び硝酸の接触を促
進するため、液相の場合には攪拌器、気相の場合にはガ
ス攪拌ポンプを設置することができる。更に系の要所に
未反応のＮＯｘガスを冷却して系内に戻すための冷却器
を設置することもできる。Further, in the present invention, in order to promote contact between water, oxygen, NOx gas, and nitric acid, a stirrer can be installed in the case of a liquid phase, and a gas stirring pump can be installed in the case of a gas phase. Furthermore, a cooler can be installed at key points in the system to cool unreacted NOx gas and return it to the system.
なお、上記反応式（３）における二酸化窒素は１４０〜
１５０°Ｃで分解して一酸化窒素となり父上記反応式（
４）における硝酸も高温で分解するため、これらの分解
を防止するためにも冷却器が必要なことがある。In addition, nitrogen dioxide in the above reaction formula (3) is 140 to
It decomposes at 150°C to become nitrogen monoxide, and the above reaction formula (
Since nitric acid in 4) also decomposes at high temperatures, a cooler may be required to prevent this decomposition.
上記反応式（１） （２１は４０℃程度に加熱しないと
進行しないため反応の初期にヒーター等を使用して反応
系を加熱することが必要である場合があるが、一度反応
が進行すると該反応は発熱反応であるためより以上の加
熱は不要である。The above reaction formula (1) (21 does not proceed unless heated to about 40°C, so it may be necessary to heat the reaction system using a heater etc. at the beginning of the reaction, but once the reaction proceeds, Since the reaction is exothermic, no further heating is necessary.
以下添付図面を参照しながら本発明の実施例を記載する
が、該実施例は本発明を限定するものではない。Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
図面は本発明方法に使用する溶解装置の一例を示す縦断
面図である。The drawing is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a melting device used in the method of the present invention.
下部にテーパー面１が形成された筒状の装置本体２の内
壁面には多孔板３が嵌合され、該多孔板３上には複数の
角柱上の銀である金属片４が位置している。該多孔板３
と金属片４との間には側面視逆り字状の予熱用ヒーター
５の下部が挿□入されている。又該多孔板３の下方には
、ガス循環ポンプ６に連結されたガス通路７が側壁から
挿入されて前記多孔板３の下方のガスを前記ガス循環ポ
ンプ６へ導くようになっている。A perforated plate 3 is fitted onto the inner wall surface of a cylindrical device main body 2 having a tapered surface 1 formed at the bottom thereof, and a plurality of prismatic silver metal pieces 4 are placed on the perforated plate 3. There is. The perforated plate 3
A lower part of a preheating heater 5, which has an inverted shape when viewed from the side, is inserted between the metal piece 4 and the metal piece 4. A gas passage 7 connected to a gas circulation pump 6 is inserted from the side wall below the perforated plate 3 to guide the gas below the perforated plate 3 to the gas circulation pump 6.
該金属片４の上方の前記本体２の側壁には、下から順に
酸素ガス吹き込み管８、硝酸噴霧管９及び水噴霧管１０
が装着されてそれぞれ酸素、噴霧硝酸及び噴霧水を本体
２内へ供給するようになっている。又本体２上端部には
側方から冷却器１１が挿入され、該冷却器１工には前記
ガス循環ポンプ６からガスが供給されて本体２内のガス
を冷却して過熱を防止している。On the side wall of the main body 2 above the metal piece 4, an oxygen gas blowing pipe 8, a nitric acid spraying pipe 9, and a water spraying pipe 10 are arranged in order from the bottom.
are attached to supply oxygen, atomized nitric acid, and atomized water into the main body 2, respectively. A cooler 11 is inserted from the side into the upper end of the main body 2, and gas is supplied to the cooler 1 from the gas circulation pump 6 to cool the gas inside the main body 2 and prevent overheating. .
図中、１２は圧力安全弁、１３は金属投入ハツチ、１４
は該ハツチ１３と本体２上端間のパツキン、１５は本体
２下部の前記テーパー面１内に貯留された硝酸の金属塩
、硝酸及び水を含む溶液、１６は該テーパー面ｌ下端の
液抜きバルブである。In the figure, 12 is a pressure safety valve, 13 is a metal insertion hatch, 14
15 is a gasket between the hatch 13 and the upper end of the main body 2; 15 is a solution containing a metal salt of nitric acid, nitric acid and water stored in the tapered surface 1 at the bottom of the main body 2; 16 is a drain valve at the lower end of the tapered surface 1. It is.
この装置において、酸素ガスを酸素ガス吹き込み管８か
ら、硝酸を硝酸噴霧管９から、かつ水を水噴霧管１０か
ら吹き込み又は噴霧させて前記本体２内に供給すると、
硝酸が前記金属片４に接触して上記反応式（１１（２１
に従って銀が硝酸に熔解して硝酸の金属塩が形成され、
該金属塩溶液は前記多孔板３を通して前記テーパー面１
の内部に溶液１５として貯留されるとともに、Ｎｏ及び
ＮＯ！ガスを含むＮＯｘガスが発生する。該ＮＯｘガス
のうち上記反応式（２）に従って発生するＮｏガスは加
えられた酸素ガスと上記反応式（３）に従って反応して
ＮＯ□ガスに変換され、上記反応式（１１で発生したＮ
Ｏｘガスとともに、酸素及び噴霧された水と十分接触
し上記反応式（４）に従って硝酸に変換されるため、発
生するＮＯｘガスはほぼ定量的に金属溶解に使用され一
系外に排出されることがない。In this device, when oxygen gas is blown or sprayed from an oxygen gas blowing pipe 8, nitric acid is blown from a nitric acid spraying pipe 9, and water is blown or sprayed from a water spraying pipe 10 into the main body 2,
When nitric acid comes into contact with the metal piece 4, the reaction formula (11 (21
Accordingly, silver is dissolved in nitric acid to form a metal salt of nitric acid,
The metal salt solution passes through the perforated plate 3 and onto the tapered surface 1.
is stored as a solution 15 inside the No and NO! NOx gas containing gas is generated. Of the NOx gas, the NO gas generated according to the above reaction formula (2) reacts with the added oxygen gas according to the above reaction formula (3) and is converted to NO□ gas, and the NO gas generated according to the above reaction formula (11) is converted into NO□ gas.
Together with Ox gas, it comes into sufficient contact with oxygen and sprayed water and is converted into nitric acid according to the above reaction formula (4), so the generated NOx gas is almost quantitatively used for metal melting and is discharged outside the system. There is no.
（実施例１）
系内を酸素ガスで置換した図面に示す装置を使用し、金
属片として電解で得た銀粉末を７ ｋｇ加えた。酸素ガ
スは約２１／分で吹き込み、硝酸（６２％）及び水をそ
れぞれ５０−７分及び２５ｍ１／分で噴霧し、内圧が０
、 ０５ ｋｇ／ｃ艷となった時点で酸素ガスの吹き
込みを停止し、０．１ｋｇ／ａ＋ｆとなった時点で硝酸
の噴霧を停止するようにし、かつガス循環ポンプを稼動
させて系内の冷却を行った。(Example 1) Using the apparatus shown in the drawing in which the inside of the system was replaced with oxygen gas, 7 kg of silver powder obtained by electrolysis was added as a metal piece. Oxygen gas was blown at a rate of approximately 21/min, and nitric acid (62%) and water were sprayed at a rate of 50-7 min and 25 m1/min, respectively, until the internal pressure was 0.
, Stop blowing oxygen gas when it reaches 0.5 kg/c, stop spraying nitric acid when it reaches 0.1 kg/a+f, and operate the gas circulation pump to cool the system. I did it.
反応が進行しても系中にＮＯ□ガス特有の赤褐色が生ず
ることがなく、内圧が０．１ｋｇ／ａｄ以上となること
なく溶解が進行し、最大温度は８２℃であった。溶解に
必要な硝酸の量は理論量に対して１．０９倍であり、系
外に排出されるＮＯｘガスは観察されなかった。Even as the reaction progressed, the reddish-brown color characteristic of NO□ gas did not occur in the system, the dissolution proceeded without the internal pressure rising above 0.1 kg/ad, and the maximum temperature was 82°C. The amount of nitric acid required for dissolution was 1.09 times the theoretical amount, and no NOx gas was observed to be discharged outside the system.
同一の条件で水の噴霧を行わずに銀粉末の溶解を行った
ところ、約１５分で内圧が上昇して硝酸供給が停止し、
ＮＯｘガスが系外が排出され始めた。When silver powder was dissolved under the same conditions without water spraying, the internal pressure increased and nitric acid supply stopped in about 15 minutes.
NOx gas began to be discharged from the system.
（実施例２）
実施例１と同様の装置を用い、銅−ニッケルー金−銀合
金約８５０ ｋｇを加えた。酸素ガスを内圧が零又は負
圧の場合には５０１／分で、それ以外では１０１／分で
、６２％の濃硝酸をｉ／分でそして水を０．５１１７分
でそれぞれ供給し、かつ内圧が０． ０５ ｋｇ／ｃｎ
！となった時点で酸素ガスの吹き込みを停止し、０ 、
１ ｋｇ ／ ｃｕｔとなった時点で硝酸の噴霧を停
止するようにし、更に０．１２ｋｇ／ ｃａｌで安全弁
が開くよう調節した。(Example 2) Using the same apparatus as in Example 1, about 850 kg of copper-nickel-gold-silver alloy was added. Oxygen gas is supplied at a rate of 501/min when the internal pressure is zero or negative pressure, and at a rate of 101/min otherwise, 62% concentrated nitric acid is supplied at a rate of i/min, and water is supplied at a rate of 0.5117 min, and the internal pressure is is 0. 05 kg/cn
! Stop blowing oxygen gas when it reaches 0,
The spraying of nitric acid was stopped when the amount reached 1 kg/cut, and the safety valve was further adjusted to open at 0.12 kg/cal.
ガス循環ポンプは１００Ａ／分で稼動するようにし、冷
却は冷却器表面が２５℃以下に保たれるようにした。The gas circulation pump was operated at 100 A/min, and the cooling was such that the surface of the cooler was kept below 25°C.
内圧が０．１ｋｇ／ａｎ！に達することなく溶解が連続
的に進行し、ＮＯｘガスは系外に排出されなかった。溶
解に必要な硝酸の量は理論量に対して１．１倍であり、
最大温度は本体上部で１２０℃に達した。Internal pressure is 0.1kg/an! The dissolution proceeded continuously without reaching 100%, and no NOx gas was discharged outside the system. The amount of nitric acid required for dissolution is 1.1 times the theoretical amount,
The maximum temperature reached 120°C at the top of the main body.
同一の条件でガスの冷却を行わずに前記合金の溶解を行
ったところ、約３０分で内圧が上昇して硝酸供給が停止
し、ＮＯｘガスが安全弁から系外が排出され始めた。When the alloy was melted under the same conditions without cooling the gas, the internal pressure rose in about 30 minutes, the supply of nitric acid was stopped, and NOx gas began to be discharged from the system through the safety valve.
又ガス循環ポンプを使用しなかった以外は上記条件と同
一条件で溶解を行ったところ、内圧が上昇して２時間で
硝酸供給が停止した。When melting was carried out under the same conditions as above except that the gas circulation pump was not used, the internal pressure increased and the supply of nitric acid was stopped after 2 hours.
（発明の効果）
本発明方法では、金属を硝酸で溶解するに際して、該溶
解系に酸素含有ガスを加えて発生するＮＯガスのＮ Ｏ
ｘガスへの転化を促進するとともに、該溶解系に水を加
えて硝酸を希釈し前記ＮＯ□ガスの硝酸への転化を容易
に行えるようにしである。(Effects of the Invention) In the method of the present invention, when a metal is dissolved with nitric acid, an oxygen-containing gas is added to the dissolution system, and NO gas is generated.
In addition to promoting the conversion to x gas, water is added to the dissolution system to dilute the nitric acid so that the conversion of the NO□ gas to nitric acid can be easily performed.
従って金属の硝酸溶解に際して発生するＮＯｘがほぼ定
量的に硝酸へ変換され、加えた硝酸が金属溶解に使用さ
れて有効に利用され経済的であるとともに、有害なＮＯ
ｘガスが系外に排出されることがなく環境衛生面からも
好都合である。Therefore, the NOx generated when metals are dissolved in nitric acid is almost quantitatively converted to nitric acid, and the added nitric acid is used for dissolving metals, which is effective and economical, and eliminates harmful NOx.
This is advantageous from the standpoint of environmental hygiene as the x gas is not discharged outside the system.
添付図面は、本発明方法の実施に使用する溶解装置の一
例を示す縦断面図である。
出願人 田中貴金属工業株式会社
計・・霞素〃ス吹き材層 １６・・・歿叛きへ゛ルブ
。The accompanying drawing is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of a melting apparatus used to carry out the method of the present invention. Applicant: Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Total: Kasumi blown material layer 16: Rebellion.
Claims (7)
解物に硝酸を加えて前記金属を溶解する方法において、
該溶解系に酸素含有ガスを加えるとともに水を加えて該
溶解により発生するＮＯｘガスを硝酸に変換するように
したことを特徴とする金属類の硝酸による溶解方法。(1) A method in which nitric acid is added to a material to be melted containing at least a portion of a metal that dissolves in nitric acid to dissolve the metal,
A method for dissolving metals with nitric acid, characterized in that an oxygen-containing gas and water are added to the dissolution system to convert NOx gas generated by the dissolution into nitric acid.
の範囲第１項に記載の溶解方法。(2) The dissolving method according to claim 1, wherein the metal to be dissolved is present in nitric acid.
に接触して該金属を溶解して下方へ該金属とともに移動
するようにした特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の溶解方法
。(3) The melting method according to claim 1, wherein nitric acid is added to the metal to be melted, and the nitric acid comes into contact with the metal surface, dissolves the metal, and moves downward with the metal.
１項から第３項までのいずれかに記載の溶解方法。(4) The dissolution method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein water is added by spraying.
請求の範囲第４項に記載の溶解方法。(5) The dissolution method according to claim 4, wherein nitric acid is added by spraying together with water.
又は混合物であり、該卑金属を硝酸に溶解し、前記白金
族金属又は金を分離回収するようにした特許請求の範囲
第１項から第５項までのいずれかに記載の溶解方法。(6) Claim 1, wherein the metal is an alloy or mixture of a platinum group metal or gold and a base metal or silver, and the platinum group metal or gold is separated and recovered by dissolving the base metal in nitric acid. The dissolution method according to any one of Items 1 to 5.
テニウム及びパラジウムから成る群から選択され、かつ
卑金属が、銅、ニッケル及び亜鉛から成る群から選択さ
れたものである特許請求の範囲第６項に記載の溶解方法
。(7) The platinum group metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium and palladium, and the base metal is selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel and zinc. Dissolution method described in.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62104134A JPS63270418A (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-04-27 | Method for dissolving metal kind by nitric acid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62104134A JPS63270418A (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-04-27 | Method for dissolving metal kind by nitric acid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63270418A true JPS63270418A (en) | 1988-11-08 |
Family
ID=14372632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62104134A Pending JPS63270418A (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-04-27 | Method for dissolving metal kind by nitric acid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63270418A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009074115A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-09 | Dowa Metals & Mining Co Ltd | Method for producing lead sulfate |
| GB2540745A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-02-01 | William Blythe Ltd | Metal dissolution with nitric acid |
-
1987
- 1987-04-27 JP JP62104134A patent/JPS63270418A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009074115A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-09 | Dowa Metals & Mining Co Ltd | Method for producing lead sulfate |
| GB2540745A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-02-01 | William Blythe Ltd | Metal dissolution with nitric acid |
| GB2542248A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-03-15 | William Blythe Ltd | Metal dissolution with nitric acid |
| GB2542248B (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-02-21 | William Blythe Ltd | Metal dissolution with nitric acid |
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