JPS63267216A - Nonwoven cloth structure for plant culture bed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled structure having moderate water-retaining action and usable easily without causing root rot, proliferation of mold, etc., by producing a nonwoven cloth having specific thickness, cut width, cut length, etc., using cut synthetic fibers having specific diameter. CONSTITUTION:A nonwoven cloth having a thickness of 1-10mm is produced by using cut fibers of a synthetic fiber (e.g. polyester fiber or vinylon fiber) having a diameter of 1-10dr. The nonwoven cloth is cut to 1-10mm in width and 20-400mm in length to obtain the objective nonwoven cloth structure for a plant culture bed. The structure can be used simply by filling in a culture vessel. Sprinkled water is moderately retained in a culture bed composed of the structure and the retained water is freely movable by capillary phenomenon and absorbed by a plant within a few days or evaporated from the free surface. Accordingly, proliferation of sundry germs in the structure can be suppressed and the structure can be maintained in clean state to eliminate the necessity of disinfection.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric structure for a plant cultivation bed made of synthetic fiber material suitable for the cultivation of orchidaceae plants and other plants that are susceptible to root rot due to excessive water retention. be.

<Prior Art> The reason why naturally collected sphagnum moss is useful as a cultivation bed material for orchid plants is that it does not cause root rot despite its high water retention capacity. However, since it is targeted at nature, there is a limit to its supply capacity, and it also has the drawbacks of being easily perishable and susceptible to disease.

Therefore, an attempt was made to replace this by using synthetic fibers, and in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-255762, a nonwoven fabric structure for plant cultivation beds made of a mixture of synthetic fibers and highly water-absorbent synthetic fibers was proposed.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The above-mentioned nonwoven fabric structure for plant cultivation beds has been evaluated for its usefulness due to its high water retention capacity, depending on the plants to be cultivated, such as grass. However, for orchidaceae plants and some ornamental plants, it is undesirable for the cultivation bed itself to retain water for a long time, amounting to several thousand yen, and there are some that may cause root rot, so it is important to consider This was a problem that should be addressed.

<Means for Solving the Problems> Therefore, the present inventors have developed a nonwoven fabric structure whose water retention rate over time changes in performance similar to that of sphagnum moss, and which is suitable for cultivating orchids and the like. Its purchase is synthetic U& of thickness 1~10dr.
Thickness 1 to I Onyn using cut fiber
, a nonwoven fabric weighing about 50 to 500 g/a,
It is characterized by being made of a string-like material with a cut width of 1 to 10 m and a cut length of 20-4001Tyn.

The thickness of the synthetic m fiber mentioned here is preferably 2 to 6 dr.
This is similar to super absorbent resin fibers, which last for several tens of days.
It does not maintain a very high moisture content, but loses most of its moisture within a few days with normal use, and its initial water absorption is about the same level as sphagnum moss (approximately 17 times its own weight) or more. be. Examples of synthetic fibers that meet these conditions include polyester, vinylon, polypropylene, polyester-based or polyolefin-based heat-adhesive conjugate fibers. Since such fibers swell when they contain water, it is almost impossible to retain water, and water is present between the fibers.

It can move freely within the non-woven fabric due to capillary action and spends several days being absorbed by plants or evaporated from free surfaces.

Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric referred to in the present invention is a fabric entwined by needle punching or heat fusion, with a thickness of 1 to 10 mm, a basis weight of 50 to 500,
/ trr later. This causes problems with seedlings and water retention ability, and production is also difficult. Also, if it is thicker than this, it will be difficult to shred it later.

It also becomes difficult to fill the cultivation container. Appropriate voids between fibers are necessary to provide a suitable oxygen supply function to the hair roots of cultivated plants and to maintain water retention capacity, but the required water retention capacity varies depending on the cultivated plant, and the structure It is controlled by the thickness of the fiber and r-1 (=J, thickness of the nonwoven fabric).

Effect> By making the non-woven fabric structure for plant cultivation bed into such a structure, inside the cultivation bed using this structure.

Irrigated water is properly retained and can move freely due to capillary action, and is absorbed by plants and released from free surfaces in a few days. From this, the interior was kept free of germs.
There is no need for t, erasure).

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples.

<Example 1> Polyester m wholesale with a thickness of 3 dr and a length of 51 m (■
(manufactured by Kuraray) and polyester thermoadhesive fiber (manufactured by LIL Kuraray, core-sheath type polyester composite m-fiber whose core part is crystalline polyester and outer peripheral part is coated with low melting point copolyester polyester). Blend at a ratio of 20 (weight ratio) to make a web, which is
After performing 8 needle punches, it was passed through a heat treatment machine with hot air at 145℃ to give it a fabric weight of 150. /r/, a nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 3 to 5IIIT1 was obtained. This nonwoven fabric was cut into a piece having a width of 3+nm and a length of 3001 m to obtain a nonwoven fabric structure for a plant cultivation bed.

As a result of measurement, the obtained non-woven fabric structure for a plant cultivation bed has a water absorption amount of 23 times its own weight, and in the case of sphagnum moss, it has a water absorption amount of 1 times its own weight.
Since it is 8 times larger, it can initially contain more water than sphagnum moss.

Next, a water evaporation test was conducted, and the results shown in the first EA were obtained. At the same time, commercially available sphagnum moss was also subjected to a water evaporation test, and the water content was 811% (t), with a moisture content of 20%, whereas the nonwoven fabric structure for plant cultivation beds of the present invention lost 20% moisture in 9 days. %, and it has been confirmed that it has the optimal performance for cultivating plants such as Lepidaceae.

Using the non-woven fabric structure for a plant cultivation bed obtained in this example, Toyo-ma (a type of Orchid orchid, which is native to China and Taiwan) was cultivated. The plants were managed in the same manner as normal natural sphagnum moss, with appropriate moisture and fertilizers given. As a result, plants planted in the spring grow as well as or better than plants grown using natural sphagnum moss, etc.
Beautiful flowers bloomed in autumn.

<Example 2> Polypropylene 14 with a thickness of 6 clr and a length of 51e+n+
1 NC (manufactured by Daiwabo), thickness 4dr, length 51wn
Polyolefin thermoadhesive fibers (Daiwabo Ml, core part is crystalline polypropylene, sheath part is low melting point polyolefin polymer) are blended at a ratio of 65:35 (weight ratio) to form a web, and this is made into a web. After applying 25 needle punches, it was passed through a hot air circulation type heat treatment machine at 150°C to give a date of 200 g/n? , a nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 5 to 7n1. Next, this nonwoven fabric was shredded into 3 pieces in width and 30 pieces in length to make one nonwoven fabric for plant cultivation.

Cymbidium nimelodei fair Marilyn Monroe was planted using the nonwoven fabric structure for plant cultivation obtained in this example. Watering and fertilization were carried out while monitoring the state of growth. As a result, it grew smoothly and produced results similar to or better than other natural sphagnum moss.

<Effects of the Invention> The nonwoven fabric structure for a plant cultivation bed of the present invention has the structure as described above, and its usage is simply by filling it alone or together with other cultivation bed materials into the inside of a cultivation container or pot. , easily available. During use, the plant can grow well without root rot or mold propagation due to its moderate water retention effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in moisture content over time. that's all

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 1 to 10 mm using cut synthetic fibers with a thickness of 1 to 10 dr, and a cut width of 1
A nonwoven fabric structure for a plant cultivation bed consisting of a string-like material with a length of ~10 mm and a cut length of 20 to 400 mm.