JPS63264797A - Waveform synthesizer for electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a waveform synthesis device for an electronic musical instrument that can collect and store external sounds and generate and emit them as musical sounds.

[Prior art and its problems] Conventionally, in such electronic musical instruments, external sounds are collected with a microphone, etc., and this is sample-linked at a predetermined period, and the waveform level obtained at this time is stored in RAM. That's what I do.

In this case, it is conceivable to synthesize the waveforms of multiple external sounds to obtain one composite waveform, but in such a case, if you synthesize each waveform as is, the pitch of each waveform will be different. , when there is no predetermined ratio relationship, or when the length of sound emission time of each waveform is different, a beautiful synthesized sound cannot be obtained, and a synthesized sound that can be used as a musical sound cannot be obtained.

In addition, when synthesizing in this way, it is common knowledge that the rising points of the memorized waveforms of each external sound are shifted, so if you synthesize it as is, you will not be able to obtain a clean synthesized sound. Couldn't get any sound.

[Object of the invention] This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to obtain a beautiful synthesized sound that can be used as a musical sound when synthesizing waveform data of a plurality of external sounds. An object of the present invention is to provide a waveform synthesis device for an electronic musical instrument.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention changes the pitch width of reading out the waveform data of stored external sound, synthesizes a plurality of waveform data, and synthesizes the waveform of stored external sound. When reading data, the reading of waveform data is delayed or accelerated by the rising width up to the rising point of the waveform,
The key point is that the width of the connections can be changed arbitrarily when combining multiple waveform data or joining them in the middle.

[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1. Configuration of the first embodiment> FIG. 1 shows an overall block circuit diagram corresponding to the first and second embodiments of an electronic musical instrument constructed by applying the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a key human power section. Yes, this key manual labor includes sampling key 2, composition key 3, cross fade key 4, A key 5, B key 6, C key 7, cursor movement key 8. In addition to the numeric keypad 9 and display key 26, a key 5110 is provided.

The sampling key 2 is used to instruct recording of external sound.

The synthesis key 3 is used to instruct addition synthesis of the recorded waveform A, waveform B, and waveform data of two external sounds to obtain a synthesized waveform C.

The sound of the crossfade key 4 was recorded and stored. Waveform A
As shown in FIG. 4, this command instructs to increase or decrease the synthesis ratio of waveform A and waveform B to obtain synthesized waveform C in accordance with the progress of reading out both waveforms A and H.

A, B, C keys 5, 6, 7 are waveforms A, B, C, respectively.
In addition to recording external sound waveforms, reading and playing back the recorded waveforms, and displaying each waveform A, B, and C, you can also specify the readout pitch width of waveforms A and B. Also used for

The cursor movement key 8 is used to move a vertical line cursor displayed on the display section 11 to the left or right along with the recorded waveform of the external sound, and is used to indicate the rising point of the displayed waveform on the display section 11.

The numeric keypad 9 is operated together with the A key 5 and the B key 6 to input pitch width data for reading out the two waveforms A and B.

The display keys 26 are the above A key 5, B key 6, and C key 7.
The waveform data A, B, and C are read out from the A waveform memory 17, the B waveform memory 18, and the C waveform memory 19 and displayed on the display section 11.

The tone of the musical tone corresponding to the operation key of the keyboard IO is the A key 5 above.
, B key 6, or C key 7.

Further, the waveform signal of the external sound inputted from the microphone 1z is amplified by the amplifier 13, and then adjusted to the optimum level for input storage by the sound pickup level volume control 14.

Via the A/D converter 15 and the data selector 16, the data is sequentially stored in the human waveform memory 17 or the B waveform memory 18 for each sampling period. It is determined by the incremented write address data and write command signal W from the CPU 20.

In the C waveform memory 19, external sound waveform data A and B stored in the A waveform memory 17 and the B waveform memory 18 are stored in the C waveform memory 19.
It is synthesized by U20 and written via the data selector 16.

The data selector 16 selects the human waveform memory 17 . This opens a path line to either the B waveform memory 18 or the C waveform memory 19, and the contents of this selection data are determined by the operation of the A key 5, B key 6° and C key 7 of the key manual section 1. .

Human waveform memory 17, B waveform memory 18, C waveform memory 1
Waveform data A, B, and C written in D 9 are read out by read address data and read command signal R given by CPU 20 via data selector 16, and
The sound system 22 outputs the sound as a musical sound via the /A converter 21.

The ROM 23 stores programs for the CPU 20 to perform various processes, and the RAM 24 stores various processing result data of the C:PU 20.

The register unit 25 synthesizes waveforms A and B to generate a composite waveform C.
As shown in Figure 2, registers a, b, C1d, e, f, g, h, i,
The data shown in the figure is set in each register a-j, respectively.

General operation of the first and second embodiments Now, when external sound is collected using the microphone 12 and sampler key 2, waveform A and waveform B are stored in the A waveform memory 17 as shown in FIG. ．． It is assumed that the B waveforms are stored in the B waveform memory 18, respectively. Waveform A has a wide range from the start of storage to the rise of the waveform.

First, to set the rising width data of waveform A, operate the A key 5 and display key 26 to display waveform A on the display section 11, and operate the cursor movement key 8 to move the cursor to the rising point of the waveform. All you have to do is move it to
20 is A according to the coordinate A1 specified with this cursor.
The address data at the address of the waveform memory 17 is set in the register a of the register section 25 as pitch width data.

Next, to set the read pitch width data of waveforms A and H, display both waveforms A and B on the display section 11, and set the ratio of the lengths from the rising edge to the falling edge of both waveforms A and H, or -
Pitch width data corresponding to the pitch width ratio of the waveform may be input by operating the numeric keypad 9 and the A key 5 or the B key 6.

Usually one is 1.0 and the other is 1, 2, etc. depending on the ratio.
Set to a value other than 0. Then, the CPU 20 stores this pitch width data in registers b and c of the register section 25.
Set to .

The pitch width data is rl, OJ, and reading is performed at the same pitch as the original waveform, and when the pitch width is rl,o'' or more, the readout speed becomes faster, and when it becomes rl,0'' or less, the readout speed becomes slower. When reading waveforms A and B, this pitch width data is sequentially added from registers b and C to registers f and g, but the decimal parts are discarded, and only the integer part is stored in the A waveform memory 17 and the B waveform memory. 18 as read address data<, A waveform memory 17. Waveform data A and B read out from the B waveform memory 18 are set in registers i and j, and are synthesized.

Operation of waveform synthesis processing (first embodiment)> Thereafter, when the synthesis key 3 is operated, the CPU 20 starts the processing shown in FIG. Namely.

The CPU 20 performs initialization processing to clear register fj in step AI, and then calculates the read address of waveform A in step A2. Pitch width data as waveform A
Based on this rQJ, which remains "0" only immediately after the initialization process, the CPU 20 stores the starting address of the waveform memory 17 in step A3. Read waveform data A and set it in register i. Since the data at the first address of the A waveform memory 17 corresponds to the portion before the rise of the waveform, waveform data A of "0" is set in register i.

Next, in step A4, the CPU 20 determines whether the read address of waveform A has reached the rising edge width data. The read address is still "0" and has not been reached, so
The CPU 20 proceeds to step A7 and sets the waveform data B in register i to "0".

After this, the CPU 20 registers i, j in step A8.
Both waveform data A and B are added and synthesized, and the write address of waveform C is calculated in step A9.The write address of waveform C is incremented by 1 as usual, but in the initialization process. Based on this "0", which remains "0" only immediately after, the CPU 20 writes the above-mentioned addition-synthesized combined waveform data C to the first address of the C waveform memory 19 in step AIO.

Then, in step All, if the write address of the C waveform memory 19 is not the final address, the process returns to step A2 and repeats the same process. In steps A4 and A7,
Until the read address of waveform A reaches the rising width data, the data value of waveform B is also set to "0", and the reading of the rising point of waveform A and the reading of the rising point of waveform B are made to match.

In this way, the rising and falling points of waveforms A and H to be synthesized can be matched and synthesized, and a beautiful synthesized sound can be obtained.

When the read address of waveform A matches the rise width data, the CPU 20 proceeds to steps A5 and A6, starts the read process for waveform data B in the same manner as steps A2 and A3, and reads waveform C from steps A8 to All. During this time, the progressive pitch width data of successive addresses for waveforms A and H in steps A2 and A5 are set to data values that match the pitch widths of both waveforms A and H. There is.

In this way, the pitch widths of the waveforms A and H to be synthesized can be matched and a beautiful synthesized sound can be obtained.

Note that when waveform B has a rising width, the rising width data set with the cursor movement key 8 is set as a negative value.
It is sufficient to determine whether this value is a negative value, and if it is a Buinas value, to add the absolute value of the rising width data to the read address of waveform B in register g immediately after the initialization process in step AI. In this case, In this case, the 1 composite waveform C has no rise width.

Also, when both waveforms A and H have rising widths.

Rise width data for both waveforms may be input using the cursor movement key 8, and (Rise width data of waveform A) - (Rise width data of waveform B) may be set in register a as the rise width data.

Operation of cross-fade synthesis processing (second embodiment)> The start and end addresses of the cross-fade section of registers d and e for performing cross-fade synthesis have already been set in registers d and e from the beginning. Yes, but display part 1
Each of the above addresses may be specified for the waveform displayed at 1 using the cursor movement key 8 and the cross-fade key 4.

To perform cross-fade composition, all you have to do is operate key 1 and cross-fade key 4. Then, the CPU 20
starts the process shown in FIG.

That is, the CPU 20 sets the register f- in step Bl.
After performing the initialization process to clear j, in step B2, the readout process of waveforms A and H is performed, which is exactly the same as in steps A2 to A7 above.

Then, if it is before the crossfade section (step B
3) As shown in FIG. 4, if the level of waveform B is set to "0" in step B4), and after the cross-fade section (steps B3 and B5), as shown in FIG.
The level of waveform A is set to "0" (step B6), but if it is a crossfade section (steps B3, B5), the level of waveforms A and H read out in step B2 of L is calculated based on the following formula. The level is converted into a level according to the level synthesis ratio (steps B7 and B8).

Converted waveform value A = Readout waveform value AX (1, o - (waveform C
Read address value - crossfade start address Il
'i) / (crossfade end address (6 - crossfade start address value)) Converted waveform value B = readout waveform value BX (readout address of waveform C - crossfade start address value) / (crossfade end address value - Crossfade start address value) In this way, the waveform data A and B converted into the synthesis ratio in steps B3 to B8 are added and synthesized in step B9 in exactly the same manner as in steps A8 to AIO above to form the C waveform. The data is written into the memory 19, and the processing of steps B2 to B9 is performed until the write address of the C waveform memory 19 reaches the final address of the C waveform memory 19 (step BIO).

In this way, it is possible to obtain a synthesized sound in which the synthesis ratio sequentially changes for the external sound waveform data A and H.

Note that the number of waveforms to be synthesized may be three or more; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

Configurations of Third and Fourth Embodiments> FIG.
and shows an overall block circuit diagram corresponding to the fourth embodiment,
In the third embodiment, the address width of the portion to be crossed in the cross-fade synthesis processing of waveforms A and B (FIGS. 4 and 6) in the second embodiment is made variable so that it can be arbitrarily set. In the example, waveform B is shifted later. In other words, in the third embodiment, FIG. 17(A),
As shown in (B) and (C), when waveform 1 and waveform 2 (corresponding to waveforms A and B in Fig. 4, respectively) are cross-fade synthesized and connected, the cross start point PI
and the address of the cross-en point P2 can be set arbitrarily, and in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18(B), the delay time for shifting the beginning of waveform 2 can be set arbitrarily. I have to. Therefore, since the basic operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 7 is the same as that of FIG.
Identical references for components that function similarly! ! A number is assigned. In particular, the human waveform memory 17 in FIG. The B waveform memory 18 and the C waveform memory 19 are combined as a waveform memory 30, and the data selector 16 in FIG.
The key manual section 1 and the keyboard 10 included in the U31 and shown in FIG. 1 are separately configured as a switch section 32 and a keyboard 33, respectively. In addition, the register section 25
contains all the registers that will be used later in the explanation of the operation.

FIG. 8 shows the main structure of the operation panel surface, in which the display section 11 is arranged in the center, a numeric keypad 32a for setting numerical values in the switch section 32 is arranged on the right side, and a numeric keypad 32a is arranged on the left side. Arrow 11a for mode instruction displayed on display section ll
(See Fig. 9) and four cursor keys 32b corresponding to the up, down, left and right directions for moving the cursor 1lb (see Fig. 10), and an escape key 32c and 1 for returning the 1 display to the previous mode. An enter key 32d is provided for confirming the type of displayed mode and the entered numerical value.

Operation of the third and fourth embodiments> Using the display unit 11 and switch unit 32, set various parameters for waveform 1 and waveform 2 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 when cross-fade combining them. The procedure will be explained with reference mainly to FIGS. 8 to 14.

Figure 9 shows the display contents of the main menu.
TE) mode is displayed. Therefore, the performer operates the cursor key 32b and selects the arrow 11a to select the voice selection (VOICE 5ELECT).
), press the enter key 32c to confirm the type of cross-mix write mode.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the display unit 11 displays a tone selection menu, so operate the cursor key 32b to move the cursor tib to the first voice (IST
VOICE), use the numeric keypad 32a to input the number corresponding to the desired tone, press the enter key 32d to confirm, and then move the cursor llb to the 2ND VOICE (7) section. , enter a number using the numeric keypad 32a, press the enter key 32d to confirm, and determine the contents of waveforms 1 and 2 for cross-fade synthesis. Thereafter, when the escape key 32c is turned on, the display section 11 returns to the display contents shown in FIG.
5ET) and press the enter key 32d.

Here, the display section 11 switches to display the tone level setting menu shown in FIG. Therefore, in the same way as before, specify the position of cursor flb using the cursor key 32b, enter a numerical value using the numeric keypad 32a, confirm with the enter key 32d, and set the levels of waveform 1 and waveform 2. is desirably determined relatively considering the waveform after cross-fade synthesis.

Next, the display on display section 1 is the same as before, and the display shows the delay time (DELAYTIME) in Figure 12, detune (DETUNE) in Figure 13, cross zone (CRO3SZONE) in Figure 14, and Figure 15. Noexe (
EXE).

Figure 12 shows the menu for setting the position of the second timbre waveform, which determines from which part of waveform 1 waveform 2 will start, and this will change from the delay time in Figure 18 (B). This corresponds to setting the address of waveform l.

FIG. 13 shows a timbre tuning setting menu, in which the frequencies of waveforms 1 and 2, that is, the deviation of pitches (IST TUNE, 2ND TUNE) with respect to the original waveforms, are set.

Figure i14 shows the cross mix position setting menu, where you can select which part of the waveform l to cross (START).
, it is necessary to set the part at which it ends (END).

In this way, parameter settings for waveform 1 and waveform 2 are performed.

Next, FIG. 15 shows the operation that is normally continued from the parameter setting in FIGS. 9 to 14, and shows the display of the calculation start menu, and the upper and lower cursor keys of the cursor key 32b are operated. Then, execution is started by pressing the enter key 32d when the 0 display, which alternately displays ON and OFF, is ON.

FIG. 16 shows the flow of operation of the third and fourth embodiments,
This flowchart starts when the enter key 32d is pressed while the EXE display is ON in FIG.
The CPU 31 performs initialization processing in step Sl, and then calculates a value for the address iA of waveform 1 in step S2, taking detuning into consideration (when detune = O, the readout interval corresponds to the reference frequency itself), and then calculates the next value. In step S3, after obtaining a sample of waveform l based on the address, it is determined whether the delay time (Fig. 12) has passed, that is, the address iA just calculated is
It is determined whether it is inside or outside the delay time in FIG. 8(B) (step S4).

Third Embodiment First, in the third embodiment, since the start of waveform 1 and waveform 2 are the same, the determination in step S4 is YES, and a value with detuning taken into account for address iB of waveform 2 is calculated. Step S5), after obtaining a sample of waveform 2 based on that address (step S6), address iA of waveform l is the cross-start point (FIG. 17(C)).
21 points)) (step S7)
).

The determination in step S7 is No because the address iA is initially smaller than the cross start point P1, and the sample of waveform l is stored in the waveform memory for synthesis (C) (step S
8), add 1 to the address IC and advance the address of the waveform memory (C) by one (step S9), and before the cross start when the judgment in step S7 is No, steps 52 to S
Repeat step 9.

Now, if the determination in step S7 is YES, it is determined in step S10 whether the address iA is before or after the cross-end point (point 22 in FIG. 17(e)), and if it is before the cross-end, it is determined as YES. , the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 are calculated taking their respective levels into account (step Sll, 512). In other words, in step Sll, the waveform 1 has an amplitude of 1 corresponding to the cross start point and ends at zero at the cross end point. In step S12, waveform 2 is processed so that it starts from zero at the cross start point and becomes 1 at the cross end point.

The samples of waveforms l and 2 obtained in this way are stored in step 31.
3, it is set in the waveform memory (C) (step 514), and the address IC is +1 and the waveform memory (C) is set (step 514).
Advance the address of C) by one (step 315), and before the cross-end when step S10 is YES, step S
2 to S7, and then steps 31 ONS15 are cycled.

After that, when step SIO becomes NO, this means that the cross end point P2 has been passed, and the CPU 31 stores the sample of waveform 2 in the waveform memory (C
) and increments address iC by 1 (step 517), then it is determined whether address iA is the end (step 318).

If NO in step 518, waveform 2 still exists, so steps S5-S7, SIO, S16-31
8, and when the determination at step 518 is YES, the process ends.

FIG. 17 schematically shows an example of waveforms during the operation of the third embodiment, that is, the cross-fade synthesis operation when the delay time is zero, and shows the waveforms between the cross-start point P1 and the cross-end point P2. The composite waveform at is the sum of the decreasing portion of waveform 1 and the increasing portion of waveform 2.

Operation of the Fourth Embodiment> The fourth embodiment is one in which a desired delay time can be set for waveform 2, as described above with respect to FIG. 18(B). This is Jm in which the delay time is not zero.

For this reason, the judgment in step S4 described above is initially NO.
Therefore, the CPU 31 sets the sample of waveform 1 in the waveform memory (C) in step S8, increments the address IC by +1 (step S9), and repeats steps S2 to S4, S8, and S9 until the delay time has passed. Oa
Processing is performed only for m I, -cm type t.

After the delay time has elapsed and step S4 is exited with a YES answer, the process is then performed exactly the same as described above with respect to the third embodiment.

FIG. 18 schematically shows an example of waveforms during the operation of the fourth embodiment, that is, a cross-fade synthesis operation when the delay time is not zero, and when compared with FIG. This means that they are synthesized with a delay.

[Effect of the invention 1] As explained in detail above, this invention synthesizes a plurality of waveform data by changing the readout pitch width of stored external sound waveform data, so that the pitch width of the waveforms to be synthesized can be adjusted. When synthesizing the waveform data of multiple external sounds, it becomes possible to obtain a beautiful synthesized sound that can be used as a musical tone. In addition, when reading out the stored external sound waveform data, the reading of the waveform data is delayed or accelerated by the rising width up to the rising point of the waveform, and multiple waveform data are synthesized. You can match the locations. Furthermore, when connecting multiple waveforms and changing from one waveform to the next, we have made it possible to set the join width arbitrarily, making it possible to obtain a sound source waveform with a wide variety of variations. This has the effect of making it possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall block circuit diagram corresponding to the first and second embodiments of an electronic musical instrument constructed by applying the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the register section 25, and Fig. 3 is an input waveform of external sound. A diagram showing an example, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the mixing ratio level of cross-fade synthesis, FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing flowcharts of waveform synthesis processing and cross-fade synthesis processing,
FIG. 7 is an overall block circuit diagram corresponding to tjS3 and the fourth embodiment, FIG. 8 is an extracted diagram of the main parts of the panel surface, FIGS. 9 to 15 are diagrams showing the display contents of various menus, and FIG. 1
6 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of operations in the third and fourth embodiments, FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of waveforms when the delay time is zero, and FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a waveform example when the delay time is zero. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform when the time is not zero. 2...Sampling key, 3...Synthesis key. 4...Crossfade key, 5...A
key, 6...B key, 8...cursor movement key, 9...numeric keypad, 11...
Display section, 12...Microphone, 17...A
Waveform memory, 18...B waveform memory, 19...
...C waveform memory, 20...CPU, 22
...Sound system, 25...Register section, 30...Waveform memory, 31...
・CPU, 32... Switch section. Patent Applicant Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Machi 1) Shun Tadashi Fig. 3 Atcare Nursing Care -j5 Unagushun 7 蝋伜゛ 2. ii 8゛Figure 5 5 skin pt or figure 6 Cros ♂ (49 or 17 figure

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) a sound collection means for collecting external sound; a storage means for storing the waveform of the external sound collected by the sound collection means; a reading means for reading out the waveform data stored in the storage means; In the electronic musical instrument, the electronic musical instrument includes a musical sound generation and sound emitting means for generating and emitting a musical sound according to the waveform data read out by the reading means, wherein the waveform data of a plurality of external sounds stored in the storage means is read out by the reading means. readout pitch control means for changing the readout pitch width of at least one waveform data during readout; a synthesis means for synthesizing a plurality of waveform data read out under the control of the readout pitch control means; 1. A waveform synthesis device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising a synthesized waveform storage means for storing waveform data synthesized by the means. (2) The waveform of the electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the synthesizing means is a means for increasing/decreasing the proportion of each of the plurality of waveform data in accordance with the progress of the reading means. Synthesizer. (3) a sound collection means for collecting external sound; a storage means for storing the waveform of the external sound collected by the sound collection means; a reading means for reading out the waveform data stored in the storage means; In the electronic musical instrument, the electronic musical instrument includes a musical sound generation and sound emitting means for generating and emitting a musical sound according to the waveform data read out by the reading means, wherein at least one waveform of the waveform data of the plurality of external sounds stored in the storage means is provided. a rise instruction means for instructing the rise point of the waveform data; a rise width storage means for storing the rise width up to the rise point of the waveform data instructed by the rise instruction means; readout start control means for delaying or accelerating readout of waveform data by the rising width stored in the width storage means; synthesis means for synthesizing a plurality of waveform data read out under the control of the readout start control means; 1. A waveform synthesis device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising a synthesized waveform storage means for storing waveform data synthesized by the synthesis means. (4) The waveform of the electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein the synthesizing means is a means for increasing or decreasing the synthesis ratio of each of the plurality of waveform data in accordance with the progress of the reading means. Synthesizer. (5) a sound collection means for collecting external sound; a storage means for storing the waveform of the external sound collected by the sound collection means; a reading means for reading out the waveform data stored in the storage means; A readout control means for reading waveform data of a plurality of external sounds stored in the storage means in an electronic musical instrument comprising a musical sound generation and sound emitting means for generating and emitting musical tones according to the waveform data read by the reading means. and a synthesizing means for synthesizing the plurality of waveform data read out by the readout control means; and when the plurality of waveform data are synthesized by the synthesis means, the synthesis ratio is increased or decreased in accordance with the progress of the readout control means. a composition ratio setting means; and a means for specifying an operation start time and an operation end time of the composition ratio setting means; the composition ratios are set based on the set operation start time and operation end time. A waveform synthesis device for an electronic musical instrument, characterized in that it increases and decreases. (6) The readout control means includes a specifying means for specifying a shift in readout start time of a plurality of waveform data, and a readout start time of a plurality of waveform data based on data corresponding to the shift specified by the specifying means. 6. The waveform synthesis device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, further comprising rise control means for differentiating the waveforms.