JP2671825B2 - Waveform synthesizer - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention can add and synthesize a plurality of waveforms read from a waveform memory to obtain a new waveform and store it in the waveform memory. The present invention relates to a waveform synthesizer. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an external sound is picked up by a microphone or the like, sampled at a predetermined cycle, and a digitized waveform signal is stored in a RAM. In this case, it is necessary to edit the obtained external sound and generate an acoustic signal suitable for the actual reproduction operation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on the above background, and its object is to add and synthesize a plurality of waveform signals stored in a waveform memory. When generating a new waveform signal by
The rising points of the
It is to prevent it . [0004] waveform synthesizer apparatus of the present invention SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION comprises a storage means for storing a plurality of digital waveform signals of a plurality of cycles, each of the first, second digital waveform signal read out from the storage means of one of the reading start position and the waveform
A position specifying means for specifying a rising position at the operator's operation, and starts reading out the one of the digital waveform signal from the read start position designated by the position designating means, this
The read position of one of the digital waveform signals is
When it detects that it has reached the rising position,
Simultaneously read digital signal and digital waveform of other
Read-out means for starting the reading of the signal from the rising position of the waveform, and the first read-out means simultaneously read by the read-out means
And a synthesizing means for adding and synthesizing the second digital waveform signal to obtain a new digital waveform signal, and the new digital waveform signal obtained by the synthesizing means for the first and second digital signals in the storage means. Writing means for writing in a region different from the region where the waveform signal is stored. According to the present invention, the reading start position of the digital waveform signal and the rising position of the waveform are designated according to the above configuration.
And align each digital waveform signal with the rising edge of the waveform.
By synthesizing, you can prevent unwanted noise and silence from entering, and two digital waveforms to be synthesized.
As the rising positions of the signals match
You can get the sound. And obtained in this way
The new digital waveform signal can be stored in the storage means without destroying the original two digital waveform signals. An embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. <Structures of First and Second Embodiments> FIG. 1 shows an overall block circuit diagram corresponding to the first and second embodiments of an electronic musical instrument constructed by applying the present invention, in which 1 is a key input. The key input unit 1 includes a sampling key 2, a composite key 3, a crossfade key 4, an A key 5, a B key 6, a C key 7, a cursor movement key 8, a ten key 9, and a display key 26. A keyboard 10 is provided. The sampling key 2 is for instructing recording of external sound. The synthesizing key 3 is for obtaining a synthesized waveform C by instructing addition and synthesizing of the waveform data of the waveforms A and B and the two external sounds stored and collected. As shown in FIG. 4, the crossfade key 4 increases / decreases the composite ratio of the waveform A and the waveform B, which is stored and recorded, according to the progress of reading of both waveforms A and B, and the composite waveform C. Is to give instructions. A, B, and C keys 5, 6, and 7 are used to specify waveforms A, B, and C, respectively. Recording of an external sound waveform, reading and reproduction of the recorded waveform, and so on. Each waveform A,
In addition to displaying B and C, it is also used to specify the read pitch width of waveform A and waveform B. The cursor movement key 8 is used to move the vertical line type cursor displayed on the display unit 11 to the left and right along with the recording waveform of the external sound, and is used to indicate the rising point of the display waveform on the display unit 11. To be Numeric keypad 9 is the above A
Waveforms A and B are operated by operating together with key 5 and B key 6.
The pitch width data for reading is input. The display key 26 is operated together with the above A key 5, B key 6, and C key 7 so that each waveform data A,
B and C are read from the A waveform memory 17, the B waveform memory 18, and the C waveform memory 19 and displayed on the display unit 11. The tone color of the musical tone corresponding to the operation key of the keyboard 10 corresponds to the waveform specified by any of the A key 5, B key 6, and C key 7. Further, the waveform signal of the external sound input from the microphone 12 is amplified by the amplifier 13 and then set to the optimum level for input storage by the sound collection level volume 14, the A / D converter 15 and the data selector. It is sequentially written in the A waveform memory 17 or the B waveform memory 18 at every sampling period via 16. This sampling cycle is sequentially incremented in synchronization with a predetermined clock signal φ C
Write address data and write command signal W from PU20
Is determined by The C waveform memory 19 includes the A waveform memory 17
And B waveform data A and B of the external sound stored in the waveform memory 18 are synthesized by the CPU 20 and written via the data selector 16. Data selector 16
Is to open a bus line to any of the A waveform memory 17, the B waveform memory 18, and the C waveform memory 19 by the select data from the CPU 20. The content of this select data is the A key 5 of the key input unit 1. , B key 6, C
It is determined by operating the key 7. A waveform memory 17, B waveform memory 18, C
Waveform data A, B, C written in the waveform memory 19
Is read by the read address data and the read command signal R provided by the CPU 20 via the data selector 16, and is output as sound by the sound system 22 via the D / A converter 21. The ROM 23 stores programs for the CPU 20 to perform various processes, and the RAM 24 stores various process result data of the CPU 20. The register unit 25 is used in the process of synthesizing the waveforms A and B to obtain the synthetic waveform C. As shown in FIG. 2, the registers a, b, c, d, e,
f, g, h, i, j, and each register a to j
The data shown in FIG. <General Operation of First and Second Embodiments> Now, with external sound pickup using the microphone 12 and the sampling key 2, the waveform A and the waveform B are A waveforms as shown in FIG. It is assumed that they are stored in the memory 17 and the B waveform memory 18, respectively. The waveform A has a wide width from the start of storage to the rise of the waveform. First, in order to set the rising width data of the waveform A, the A key 5 and the display key 26 are operated to display the waveform A on the display unit 11, and the cursor movement key 8 is operated to move the cursor to the rising point of the waveform. You can move it to.
Then, the CPU 20 sets the address data of the address of the A waveform memory 17 corresponding to the coordinate value designated by the cursor in the register a of the register unit 25 as the rising width data. Next, in order to set the read pitch width data of the waveforms A and B, both the A and B waveforms are displayed on the display unit 11, and the ratio of the lengths of the both waveforms A and B from the rising edge to the falling edge is set. Alternatively, the pitch width data according to the ratio of the pitch width of one waveform may be input by operating the ten keys 9 and the A key 5 or the B key 6. Normally, one is set to 1.0 and the other is set to a value other than 1.0 such as 1.2 according to the ratio. Then C
The PU 20 sets the pitch width data in the registers b and c of the register unit 25. The pitch width data is "1.0", and reading is performed at the same pitch as the original waveform. When it is "1.0" or more, the reading speed becomes fast, and when it is "1.0" or less, the reading speed becomes slow. When reading the waveforms A and B, the pitch width data is stored in the registers f and g from the registers b and c.
However, only the integer part is truncated to the A waveform memory 17 and the B waveform memory 1
It is given to 8 as read address data. A
The waveform data A and B read from the waveform memory 17 and B waveform memory 18 are set in the registers i and j and are synthesized. <Operation of Waveform Synthesis Processing (First Embodiment)> After that, when the synthesis key 3 is operated, the CPU 20 starts the processing shown in FIG. That is, the CPU 20 performs the initialization process of clearing the registers f to j in step A1, and then calculates the read address of the waveform A in step A2. The calculation of the read address of the waveform A is a process of accumulating the pitch width data of the waveform A of the register b in the register f, which is an address counter of the waveform A. Remains. Based on this "0",
In step A3, the CPU 20 reads the waveform data A from the head address of the A waveform memory 17 and sets it in the register i. Since the data at the head address of the A waveform memory 17 corresponds to the portion before the rise of the waveform, the waveform data A of "0" is set in the register i. Next, the CPU 20 determines in step A4 whether the read address of the waveform A has reached the rising width data. Since the read address is still "0" and has not reached, the CPU 20 proceeds to step A7 and sets the waveform data B of the register j to "0". After this, CPU2
In step A8, both waveform data A and B of the registers i and j are added and combined in step A8, and the write address of the waveform C is calculated in step A9. The write address of the waveform C is incremented by one as usual, but remains at "0" only immediately after the initialization processing. Based on this "0", the CPU 20 at step A10, adds the synthesized waveform data C.
Is written in the head address of the C waveform memory 19. If the write address of the C waveform memory 19 is not the final address in step A11, the process returns to step A2 to repeat the same processing. Step A4,
By A7, until the read address of the waveform A reaches the rising width data, the data value of the waveform B is set to "0", and the reading of the rising point of the waveform A and the reading of the rising point of the waveform B are not matched. Be done. Thus, the waveform A to be synthesized,
Since the rising points of B can be matched and synthesized, a beautiful synthesized sound can be obtained. When the read address of the waveform A coincides with the rising width data, the CPU 20 proceeds to steps A5 and A6 to start the reading process of the waveform data B similarly to the steps A2 and A3, and steps A8 to A11.
The composite writing processing of the waveform C is performed. During this time, the step pitch width data of the read address for the waveforms A and B in steps A2 and A5 is set to a data value that matches the pitch widths of both waveforms A and B. In this way, the waveforms A and B to be synthesized can be synthesized with the same pitch width, and a clear synthesized sound can be obtained. When the waveform B has a rising width, the rising width data set by the cursor movement key 8 is set to a negative value, and it is judged whether or not this is a negative value. The process of adding the absolute value of the rising width data to the read address of the waveform B is performed in step A1.
It may be performed immediately after the initialization process of. In this case, the composite waveform C has no rising width. If both waveforms A and B have rise widths, enter the rise width data for both waveforms with the cursor movement key 8 and then select (waveform A rise width data)-(waveform B rise width data). It may be set in the register a as data. <Crossfade Compositing Process (Second Embodiment)
Operation> register d for performing crofade synthesis,
Although the start address and the end address of the crossfade section of e have already been set in the registers d and e from the beginning,
The above-mentioned respective addresses may be designated with the cursor movement key 8 and the crossfade key 4 for the waveform displayed on the display unit 11. To perform crossfade composition,
The crossfade key 4 of the key input unit 1 may be operated. Then, the CPU 20 starts the process shown in FIG.
That is, the CPU 20 registers register f to
After performing the initialization processing to clear j, the step B2
Then, the reading processing of the waveforms A and B exactly the same as the above steps A2 to A7 is performed. If it is before the crossfade section (step B3), the level of the waveform B is set to "0" as shown in FIG. 4 (step B4), and if it is after the crossfade section (step B3). , B5), similarly, as shown in FIG. 4, the level of the waveform A is set to “0” (step B
6) If it is a crossfade section (steps B3, B)
5) Based on the following equation, the level is converted into a level corresponding to the level combination ratio of the waveforms A and B read in step B2 (steps B7 and B8). Converted waveform value A = read waveform value A x {1.0- (read address value of waveform C-crossfade start address value) / (crossfade end address value-crossfade start address value)} converted waveform value B = read waveform value B.times. (Readout address value of waveform C-crossfade start address value) / (crossfade end address value-crossfade start address value) In this way, it is converted into a composition ratio in steps B3 to B8. The waveform data A and B are exactly the same as the above steps A8 to A10 in step B9.
The signals are added and synthesized and written into the C waveform memory 19, and the processing of these steps B2 to B9 is performed until the write address of the C waveform memory 19 reaches the final address of the C waveform memory 19 (step B10). In this way, it is possible to obtain a synthesized sound in which the synthesis ratio of the waveform data A and B of the external sound fluctuates sequentially. Note that the number of waveforms to be combined may be three or more, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. <Structures of Third and Fourth Embodiments> FIG. 7 shows an overall block circuit diagram corresponding to the third and fourth embodiments of the electronic musical instrument constructed by applying the present invention. In the crossfade combining process (FIGS. 4 and 6) of the waveforms A and B in the second embodiment, the address width of the portion to be crossed is made variable so that it can be arbitrarily set. I am trying to shift it. That is, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C, the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 (waveforms A and B in FIG. 4) are used.
18C), the addresses of the cross start point P ₁ and the cross end point P ₂ can be arbitrarily set. As shown, the delay time for shifting the beginning of the waveform 2 can be arbitrarily set. Therefore, since the basic operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 7 is the same as that of FIG. 1, the components having the same functions are designated by the same reference numerals. In particular, the A waveform memory 17, the B waveform memory 18, and the C waveform memory 19 in FIG. 1 are integrated as a waveform memory 30, the data selector 16 in FIG. 1 is included in the CPU 31, and the key input unit 1 in FIG. As a separate configuration, the keyboard 10 is independently configured as the switch unit 32 and the keyboard 33. Further, the register unit 25 includes all registers used in the later description of the operation. FIG. 8 shows the main structure of the operation panel surface.
A display unit 11 is arranged in the center, a numeric keypad 32a for setting a numerical value in the switch unit 32 is arranged on the right side thereof, and a mode instruction arrow 11a displayed on the display unit 11 (FIG. 9) is arranged on the left side. And cursor 11b (see FIG. 10).
4) cursor keys 32b corresponding to up, down, left, and right to move, an escape key 32c for returning the display to the previous mode, and to confirm the type of the displayed mode and the entered numerical value. Enter key 32d
Are provided. <Operations of Third and Fourth Embodiments> Display unit 11
Using the switch section 32, a procedure for setting various parameters for crossfade combining of the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 will be described.
A description will be given mainly with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows the display contents of the main menu, and it is assumed that the cross-mix write (X-MIX WRITE) mode is displayed after a predetermined operation is obtained. Then, the performer operates the cursor key 32b to set the arrow 11a to the voice select (VOICE SELECT) as a tone color selection,
The enter key 32c is pressed to confirm the type of cross / mix write mode. Then, the display section 11 displays a tone color selection menu as shown in FIG. 10. Therefore, the cursor key 32b is operated to move the cursor 11b to the first voice (1ST VOICE) portion, and then the ten-key pad is pressed. Three
2a is operated to enter the number corresponding to the desired tone color, the enter key 32d is pressed to confirm, then the cursor 11b is moved to the second voice (2ND VOICE) portion and the number is entered using the ten keys 32a, and the enter key is pressed. The key 32d is pressed to confirm, and the contents of the waveforms 1 and 2 for crossfade synthesis are determined. After that, when the escape key 32c is turned on, the display unit 11 returns to the display contents of FIG. 9, and the arrow 11a is set to the level set (LEV).
Press the enter key 32d according to (EL SET). Here, the display section 11 switches to the display of the tone color level setting menu of FIG. Therefore, in the same manner as before, the cursor key 32b is used to specify the position of the cursor 11b, the ten keys 32a are used to input numerical values, and the enter key 32
The levels of the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 are set by confirming with d, and it is desirable that the levels be relatively determined in consideration of the waveform after crossfade synthesis. Next, the display of the display unit 11 is the same as the previous operation, and the delay time (DELAY TIME) of FIG. 12 and the detune (DE) of FIG.
TUNE), cross zone of FIG. 14 (CROSS ZO
NE), and then the exe of FIG. 15 (EXE). FIG. 12 is a display of a menu for setting the position of the second timbre waveform, which decides from which part of the waveform 1 the waveform 2 is started.
The address of the waveform 1 is set corresponding to the delay time in (B). FIG. 13 is a display of the tone color tuning setting menu, showing the frequencies of the waveforms 1 and 2, that is, the pitch (1ST TUNE, 2ND) with respect to the original waveform.
The deviation of (TUNE) will be set. FIG.
On the display of the cross-mix position setting menu, it is set which part of the waveform 1 should be crossed (START) and which part should be ended (END). In this way, the parameter setting for the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 is performed. Next, FIG. 15 shows an operation continued from the parameter setting in FIG. 9 to FIG. 14, and shows the display of the operation start menu. By operating the up and down cursor keys of the cursor key 32b, The display of ON or OFF is obtained alternately. When the display is ON, pressing the enter key 32d starts the execution. FIG. 16 shows the flow of the operation of the third and fourth embodiments. This flow chart starts when the enter key 32d is pressed when the display of EXE in FIG. 15 is ON, and the CPU 31 makes steps. After performing the initialization process in S1, a value in which detune is added to the address iA of the waveform 1 in step S2 (when detune = 0, a reading interval corresponding to the reference frequency itself) is calculated,
Next, in step S3, after the waveform 1 sample is obtained based on the address, the delay time (FIG. 12) is obtained.
Whether or not it passed, that is, the address iA just calculated
Determines whether it is inside or outside the delay time in FIG. 18B (step S4). <Third Embodiment> In the third embodiment, since the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 are started at the same time, the determination in step S4 is YES, and the address iB of the waveform 2 is determined.
Of the waveform 1 is calculated (step S5), a sample of the waveform 2 is obtained based on the address (step S6), and then the address iA of the waveform 1 is set at the cross start point (see FIG. 17C). It is judged whether it is before or after (P ₁ point) (step S7). At step S7, since the address iA is initially smaller than the cross start point P ₁ , it becomes NO,
The sample of the waveform 1 is stored in the waveform memory for synthesis (C) (step S8), the address iC is incremented by 1, the address of the waveform memory (C) is advanced by 1 (step S9), and the determination in step S7 is NO. Before the cross start, the steps S2 to S9 are repeated. Now, step S7
If the determination is YES, then in step S10,
Address iA is the cross end point (P in FIG. 17C)
₂ points) before or after, and if it is before the cross end, Y
As ES, the waveform 1 and the waveform 2 are calculated in consideration of their respective levels (steps S11 and S1).
2). That is, in step S11, the waveform 1 is processed so that the amplitude corresponding to the cross start point is set to 1 and ends at zero at the cross end point. In step S12, the waveform 2 starts from zero at the cross start point and becomes 1 at the cross end point. Is being processed. The samples of waveforms 1 and 2 thus obtained are
After being added in step S13, the waveform memory (C) is set (step S14), the address iC is incremented by 1 and the address of the waveform memory (C) is incremented by 1 (step S).
15). Before the cross-end that becomes YES in step S10, steps S2 to S7, and steps S10 to S15.
Circulate. Then, if NO in step S10,
This means that the cross end point P ₂ has passed and the CPU
31 stores, ie, sets, the waveform 2 sample in the waveform memory (C) in step S16, and the address i
C is incremented by 1 (step S17), and then it is determined whether the address iA is the end (step S18). If the determination in step S18 is NO, waveform 2 is still present, and therefore steps S5 to S7, S10, and S16 to S18 are cycled, and when the determination in step S18 is YES, the process ends. FIG. 17 diagrammatically shows an example of waveforms in the operation of the third embodiment, that is, in the cross-fade combining operation when the delay time is zero. The cross-start point P ₁ and the cross-end point P are shown. The combined waveform between ₂ and ₂ is the sum of the decreasing portion of waveform 1 and the increasing portion of waveform 2. <Operation of Fourth Embodiment> The fourth embodiment is shown in FIG.
8 (B), as described above, the desired delay time can be set for the waveform 2, that is, the delay time is not zero as set in FIG. Therefore, the determination in step S4 described above is initially NO, so the CPU 31 sets the sample of waveform 1 in the waveform memory (C) in step S8, increments the address iC by 1 (step S9), and delays. Waveform 1 is cycled through steps S2 to S4, S8, and S9 until the time passes.
Only do the processing. The delay time has passed,
If step S4 is answered in the affirmative, then exactly the same processing as described above with respect to the third embodiment is performed. FIG. 18 schematically shows an example of waveforms in the operation of the fourth embodiment, that is, in the crossfade combining operation when the delay time is not zero. This means that they are combined with a delay of time. As described in detail above, the present invention has the following advantages.
The read start position of at least one of the first and second digital waveform signals and the rising position of the waveform can be operated by the operator.
This specified digital waveform signal of this one side is read out
Read from the start position and read to the waveform rising position
And the other digital waveform signal also from the rising position of the waveform
By reading out these two digital waves
Shape signals are read out at the same time, synthesized, and obtained by this synthesis.
The digital waveform signal stored in the first and second digital storage means.
Store in a different area from the area where the waveform signal is stored
Like that. Therefore, it is possible to prevent unnecessary noise and silence from entering the reading start position ,
The rising positions of the two synthesized digital waveform signals match
By doing so, a beautiful synthesized sound can be obtained.
Then, the new digital waveform signal obtained in this way
Signal without destroying the original two digital waveform signals.
In addition, it can be stored in the storage means, and the digital waveform signal can be enriched.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall block circuit diagram of an electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment configured by applying the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing stored contents of a register unit 25 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an input waveform example of an external sound. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing mixing ratio levels when performing crossfade combining. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flowchart of waveform synthesis. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flowchart for performing crossfade synthesis. FIG. 7 is an overall block circuit diagram of an electronic musical instrument of another embodiment configured by applying the present invention. FIG. 8 is a main part extraction diagram of a panel surface. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a display of a main menu. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a display of a tone color selection menu. FIG. 11 is a view showing a display of each tone color level setting menu. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a display of a menu for setting the position of the second tone color waveform. FIG. 13 is a view showing a menu display of tuning settings for each tone color. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a cross-mix position setting menu display. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a calculation start menu display. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a flowchart of crossfade synthesis. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform when the delay time is 0. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a waveform example when the delay time is not zero. [Explanation of symbols] 2 Sampling key 3 Composite key 4 Crossfade key 8 Cursor move key 9 Numeric keypad 11 Display section 12 Microphone 17 A waveform memory 18 B waveform memory 19 C waveform memory 20 CPU 22 Sound system 25 Register section 30 Waveform memory 31 CPU 32 switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] Storing means for storing a plurality of digital waveform signals plurality of cycles, the first read from the storage means, the rise of one of the read start position and the waveform of the second digital waveform signal
A position specifying means for specifying positions on the operation of the operator, initiates read out said one of the digital waveform signal from the read start position specified by the position specifying means, this single
The reading position of the digital waveform signal of
When it detects that it has reached the
At the same time as reading the digital waveform signal, the other digital waveform signal
Reading means for starting reading from the rising edge of the waveform, synthesizing means for adding and synthesizing the first and second digital waveform signals simultaneously read by the reading means to obtain a new digital waveform signal, and the synthesizing means. Writing means for writing the new digital waveform signal obtained in 1. in a region other than the region of the storage means in which the first and second digital waveform signals are stored. Waveform synthesizer. 2. 2. The waveform synthesizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reading means includes rate control means for changing the step rate of the read address when reading the first and second digital waveform signals from the storage means. apparatus.