JPS63256829A - Vibration monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate operator's abnormality decision making by storing measurement data as monitoring data corresponding to the rotating speed of a plant or the state of a load, and generating and displaying the best monitoring image for the monitoring of abnormal vibrations at a request. CONSTITUTION:A vibration phase angle measuring instrument 2 reads in periodically the amplitude value and phase angle of vibrations corresponding to the turbine rotating speed inputted from the plant 1 and stores and updates the maximum amplitude value, phase angle, and rotating speed of the vibrations in its internal memory. Then a measuring instrument 2 when inputting a transmission command (c) from the data transmission request means 5 of a computer 3 outputs the measurement data to a transmission data input means 4. The means 4 outputs it to a data storage means 7. The means 7 inputs data of respective axes outputted by the means 4 and edits and stores input data according to the state of the plant decided by a rotating speed and load state deciding means 6. Further, a monitoring image generating means 8 selects and displays a fixed image for monitoring on a display device 8 according to an external monitoring request (d) and the plant state decided by the means 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Purpose of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is intended to monitor shaft vibrations of rotating machines such as turbine generators in power plants, and to detect plant abnormalities early and analyze their causes. The present invention relates to a vibration monitoring device for carrying out.

(Prior Art) Abnormalities in turbines, which play an important role in power generation plants, often manifest as vibration changes in the rotor. Among such vibrations of the turbine rotor, the most typical vibration is due to mass unbalance, and it is said that half of the vibration problems can be solved if the rotor unbalance can be properly corrected. The vibration caused by this unbalance is a synchronous vibration whose vibration frequency is the same as the rotational speed of the rotor. Further, the maximum amplitude value of vibration and the direction (angle) at which the maximum amplitude is obtained are determined by the position and amount of unbalance, operating conditions such as the rotational speed at that time, and the measurement position and direction. Therefore, information regarding the position and amount of unbalance can be obtained by setting a reference point along with the amplitude value at one point in the circumferential direction of the rotor and detecting the angle from this reference point, that is, the phase angle at each rotation speed.

Therefore, a method of recording the locus on a polar coordinate graph as shown in FIG. 8 and observing its changes is adopted.

In the figure, the radial direction represents the maximum amplitude value, and the circumferential direction represents the phase angle. In addition, the graph represents the trajectory when the rotation speed of the turbine rotor is increased, and the subscript number on the line represents the rotation speed.For example, if 1 is 36, then 3
It shows the maximum amplitude value at 600 rpm and the trajectory of the phase angle from the reference point.

As shown in Figure 9, the measurement graph in which the maximum amplitude value and the phase angle from the reference point are displayed in polar coordinates as vector components is unique depending on the position of the mass imbalance of the rotating body (indicated by / in the figure). Since a characteristic diagram can be obtained, pattern matching can be easily performed, and online vibration monitoring using a computer is performed using this polar coordinate display.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, conventional online vibration monitoring only periodically measures vibrations in a steady state of a plant or at a single point in time. on the other hand.

Vibrations due to unbalance are not limited to those caused by residual unbalance during the manufacture of the turbine rotor, but may also be caused by bending of the rotor over time, loss of parts associated with the rotor, and the like. In addition, when the load changes during normal operation or even under a constant load, changes in the alignment of the rotor bearing occur due to thermal deformation, changes in the degree of vacuum, and changes in load.
Unbalanced vibrations may also be observed.

In this way, unbalanced vibrations are not only caused by the rotor itself, but can also be affected by operating conditions. There was a problem that plant abnormalities could not be detected early.

Therefore, the present invention provides a vibration monitoring device that monitors vibration throughout the plant from startup to shutdown, and allows operators to easily determine abnormalities during plant operation in order to discover abnormalities in the plant. The purpose is to

[Structure of the Invention Means for Solving Problem C] The present invention monitors the shaft vibration of the turbine rotor online at all times from the start of the plant, and monitors the measured data according to the rotational speed of the plant or the state of the load. This is stored as data, and when an operator makes a vibration monitoring request, a monitoring screen optimal for monitoring unbalanced vibrations is created and displayed according to the state of the plant.

(Function) As a result, operators can easily perform pattern matching, easily perform abnormality determination at any time, and discover abnormalities in the plant at an early stage.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a vibration monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

From plant 1, the first to eighth bearings of the turbine rotor are
The vibration phase angle is measured by the AC signal a of shaft vibration synchronized with the turbine rotation speed detected by the detectors installed on each of the eight bearings up to the bearing, and the signal a' from a reference point fixed on the bearing side. output to device 2. on the other hand.

Plant status data b such as the rotation speed and load of the turbine rotor is directly output from the plant 1 to the computer 3.

The vibration phase angle measuring device 2 has eight controllers corresponding to each bearing, and inputs an AC signal a of shaft vibration synchronized with the turbine rotation speed from the plant 1 and a signal a' from a reference point. As the maximum amplitude value and the phase angle of the maximum amplitude value of the input AC signal a of shaft vibration, the angle from the reference point mentioned above is measured at a constant period between each axis, and the measured maximum amplitude value and phase angle are is stored in internal memory.

This internal memory stores up to 64 sets of data (hereinafter referred to as 3-set data) for each axis, including the maximum amplitude value, 2-phase angle, and turbine rotation speed. It has become.

This internal memory always stores 64 pieces of the latest three sets of data for each bearing and is updated cyclically. In addition, since the three sets of data stored in the vibration phase angle measuring device 2 will receive transmission requests for each bearing, that is, for each controller, the computer that issued the request will need to check the simultaneity of the data between the bearings. 3ffl for each bearing so that it can be distinguished
When saving data, 1.2.3.・・・・・・
and an identification number. For example, at a certain point, the data is updated cyclically, and three sets of data for a certain bearing are arranged.

From the top: H; 1, 11. ...,63,64,1
,2. ......, 8, 9, the data with identification number 9 is the latest data, and the data with identification number 10 is the oldest data, but regarding the data between bearings with the same identification number, By checking this identification number, the computer can determine the simultaneity. This identification number is hereinafter referred to as a synchronization ID.

The three sets of data stored in the internal memory of the vibration phase angle measuring instrument 2 are from the calculator 3 or the trust calculator.

When a transmission request is received in a format shown in FIG. 2 in which request parameters such as bearing Nα, number of data items, and designated synchronization ident are set, the request is sent to a total of n machines that requested it.

Among the request parameters, the bearing Nα is a parameter for determining the controller for each bearing, and the number of data items is a parameter for specifying the number of three sets of data to be requested for transmission. In addition, the specified synchronization ident is the synchronization ident mentioned earlier, and when this is specified, the specified number of three sets of data saved before that corresponds to the specified synchronization ident. It will be sent retroactively by that amount.

Furthermore, if the specified number of sets of three sets of data do not exist going back in the past, only the amount of data that exists in the internal memory is sent going back from the specified synchronization ident. If this specified synchronization ident is not specified, the synchronization ident of the newest data is assumed to have been specified.

The total 3I device 3 includes a transmission data input means 4 for inputting three sets of data from the vibration phase angle measuring device 2, and a vibration phase angle measuring device 2.
2, the data transmission request means 5 outputs the format shown in FIG. 2 as a transmission command C. In addition, the plant status data b from plant 1 is input to determine whether the turbine rotation speed is maintained, combined, or loaded, and the determination result is obtained by setting a flag on a specific bit in a predetermined plant status S setting table by bit manipulation. The rotation speed/load determination means 6 outputs the rotation speed/load determination means 6. Further, data storage means 7 is provided for extracting and storing three sets of data input via transmission data input means 4 at predetermined intervals based on the determination result of rotation speed/load determination means 6. Also.

When a monitoring request d from an operator is input, the three sets of data stored in the data storage means 7 are displayed on the monitoring screen according to the plant state at that time, based on the judgment result by the rotation speed/load state judgment means 6. It is equipped with monitoring mouth surface creation means 8 for creating a monitoring mouth surface. The monitoring screen data e created by the monitoring mouth surface creating means 8 is output to the display device 9 and displayed as a monitoring screen.

Furthermore, the data transmission requesting means 5 in the computer 3 inputs the information regarding the three sets of data being transmitted from the transmission data inputting means 4 and the plant state determination results from the rotation speed/load state determining means 6, and receives the information from the former. It is determined which axis the three sets of data currently being transmitted relate to, and from the latter the number of data to be transmitted is determined based on the plant status.
Transmission request parameter setting means 5A sets request parameters and creates text according to the format shown in the figure, receives and receives text from this transmission request parameter setting means 5A, and transmits it to the vibration phase angle measuring device 2 at a cycle of 10 seconds. It consists of a transmission command output means 5B that outputs a command C.

Further, the data storage means 7 sequentially inputs the three sets of data for each axis output from the transmission data input means 4, and stores the three sets of data for storage according to the plant state determined by the rotation speed/load state determining means 6. A storage data extraction means 7A for extracting the storage data extraction means 7A, a state-specific data storage means 7B for storing the extracted data from the storage data extraction means 7A in a predetermined storage area, and a state-based data storage means 7B. It consists of a data storage area 7C in which three sets of data are actually stored.

The monitoring screen creation means 8 also includes a monitoring screen output request receiving means 8A which inputs a monitoring request d from an external console, and a monitoring request d inputted by the monitoring screen output request receiving means 8A and the rotation speed/load state. Monitoring data for extracting three sets of data for predetermined monitoring screen display (hereinafter referred to as monitoring data) from the data storage area 7C in the data storage means 7 based on the plant state judged by the judgment means 6. A retrieving means 8B, a fixed screen data storage area 8C for storing a fixed screen for monitoring, and a display device 9 for selecting a fixed screen for monitoring from this fixed screen data storage area 8C.
It also includes a monitoring screen output means 8D for displaying the monitoring data from the monitoring data extraction means 8[1 on the displayed screen.

With the above configuration, the vibration phase angle measuring device 2 is used to monitor unbalanced vibrations of the turbine rotor.

The maximum amplitude value of the eight bearings of the turbine rotor, its phase angle, and the rotational speed at that time are measured every second based on the shaft vibration AC signal a and signal a' synchronized with the turbine rotational speed input from plant 1. do. At this time, the vibration phase angle measuring device 2
Measures the AC signal a and the signal a' of shaft vibration from a detector installed in each bearing at the same timing for all axes. The reason why all axes are measured at the same time is that vibration analysis of the turbine rotor requires vibration data for each bearing to be data at the same time.

The vibration phase angle measuring device 2 stores three sets of data of the amplitude value of the vibration, the phase angle, and the turbine rotation speed measured every second in the internal memory for each bearing.

Also, the saved data is updated cyclically.

While the vibration phase angle measuring device 2 is performing vibration measurement in this manner, the transmission request parameter setting means 5A in the computer 3 sets the request parameters shown in FIG. The number of data among the required parameters is 10 rpm during turbine raising.
It is necessary to collect data every m increase, and every 5 MW increase during the load increase, and in order to collect data without omission during this period, it is necessary to take into consideration the case where the cycle of the transmission request output from the transmission command output means 5B is delayed. Therefore, normally, 20 pieces of data are specified for each bearing during speed increase and load increase. In particular, during one rotation speed or while holding a load, 64 pieces of data are specified for each bearing, that is, the entire memory contents for each controller, in order to check changes in data every minute for each transmission request.

This switching of the number of data items is automatically performed by the rotation speed/load state determining means 6.

Now, the transmission request parameter setting means 5A sets the request parameters regarding the first bearing and creates a text.
The created text is output to the transmission command output means 5B.

The transmission command output means 5B outputs this as a transmission command C to the vibration phase angle measuring device 2.

When the vibration phase angle measuring device 2 receives the transmission command C.

The text is decoded, three sets of data and the corresponding synchronization ident are output as one piece of data to the transmission data input means 4 in the computer 3 according to the format shown in FIG. do. When the transmission data input means 4 inputs the three sets of data for the first bearing, it outputs the synchronization identifier of the latest three sets of data among the input 3M data to the transmission request parameter setting means 5A. When the transmission request parameter setting means 5A inputs the synchronization ident of the latest three sets of data regarding the first bearing, it sets this synchronization ident as the designated synchronization ident of the second bearing, sets the request parameter of the second bearing, and outputs the text. and outputs it to the transmission command output means 5B. The transmission command output means 5B outputs this as a transmission command C to the vibration phase angle measuring device 2. As a result, the vibration phase angle measuring device 2
This time, in the same way as for the first bearing, it outputs three sets of data regarding the second bearing in the number specified by the synchronization identifier to the transmission data input means 4.

Thereafter, the transmission request parameter setting means 5A sets the request parameters for the third to eighth bearings in the same manner as for the second bearing, using the first synchronization ident of the first bearing and the specified number of data pieces. Set and create text. The transmission command output means 5B sequentially outputs the created texts as transmission commands C.

The vibration phase angle measurement r62 sequentially outputs three sets of synchronized data of each bearing to the transmission data input means 1.

This kind of synchronized three bearings from the first bearing to the eighth bearing
The input/output operation of set data is regarded as one transmission.

Repeat this every 10 seconds. Normally, the specified synchronization ident for the first bearing is rarely specified, and three sets of data regarding the first bearing are input every 10 seconds by the number of data specified from the latest three sets of data. In this way, the transmission data input means 4 inputs the synchronized three sets of data from the first bearing to the eighth bearing every 10 seconds, and stores the input three sets of data together with the synchronization identifier in the data storage means The data is output to the data extraction means 7A.

On the other hand, the rotation speed/load condition determination means 6 periodically inputs the plant condition data b, so that the plant maintains the intermediate rotation speed/rated rotation speed, joins the rotation speed, or maintains the initial load, low load, intermediate load, or rated load. It is determined which state of holding the plant is in, and a plant state table as shown in FIG. 4 is created.

The initial value of this plant status table is set to '0'', and when it is determined that the turbine is in a predetermined operating status, the corresponding bit is set to 111 II and a flag is raised. Thereafter, the load is also read and recorded in the plant state table.The storage data extracting means 7A in the data storage means 7 refers to the plant state table at that time set by the rotation speed/load state determining means 6. , determine which of the following types the plant state belongs to.

CASE I During increase in turbine speed CASE II
CASE III While the turbine rotation speed is being maintained or the load is being maintained after merging. When the load is increasing. If the plant status is CASE I, the rotation speed is 1Orp.
For every m rise, in case of CASE II, the turbine rotation speed
Since there is no change in load, every 60 seconds based on time,
In case of CASE III, monitoring data is saved every time the load increases by 5yw+.

Therefore, when the plant status belongs to CASE I, first check the rotation speed of the 3 sets of data and set it to 10 rpm.
The three sets of data for each are extracted by the storage data extraction means 7A. Next, the extracted three sets of data are stored in CASE I of the data storage area 7C by the state-specific data storage means 7B.
Save it on the bearing side to the area for use.

On the other hand, when the plant status belongs to CASE III.

When the load read by the rotation speed/load state determining means 6 changes by 5 MW, the latest three sets of input text data are extracted and used as monitoring data for each SMW by CAS.
E Save on the bearing side to the III area.

Furthermore, if the plant state belongs to CASEn.

In order to save 3g data every minute, look at the synchronization ident of the 3 sets of data extracted last time (previous sync ident) + 60 (mod64), search for 3 sets of data with sync ID 1-, and extract this. . For example, if the synchronization ident of the 3 sets of data extracted last time is 10, 1
The 3 sets of data to be extracted when minutes have passed are 10 + 60
= 70, but when mod64 is calculated, the synchronization ident of 6 becomes 3 sets of data exactly 1 minute later, which will be extracted. The three sets of data extracted in this way are stored on the bearing side in the CASIE II area.

In particular, in the case of CASE II, if the phase angle changes significantly within one minute, it is considered to be valuable data for detecting abnormalities, so if a change of 10'/see or more appears, the data during that time will also be extracted. That's what I do.

In this way, newly extracted monitoring data for each plant state and each bearing is successively stored in the data storage area 7C. At this time, in order to grasp the current collection status of monitoring data at a glance, in the case of CAS [E I, an information record for determining the collection status is set as shown in Figure 5 (a), and the collection progresses. update the information record. This is to facilitate the management of the saved monitoring data.1 For example, in the case of CASE I, the monitoring data for every 10 rpm/m are grouped into 10 pieces, as shown in Figure 5(b).
Save the monitoring data as shown in the figure below. Also, CAS
In the case of E III, 10 monitoring data for every 5MW is 1
It is stored as a group, and an information record has 5
The data collection status is monitored every 0MW, and 10% of data is collected every 5MW.
A flag corresponding to each information record is set when all pieces of data are collected. In this way, data management can be
rp■.

- The reason for performing this every 50 Mu is to take into consideration the frequency at which data is updated on the monitoring screen. Data corresponding to CASE II has a long monitoring data collection cycle of 1 minute, so
Manage minute by minute.

Now, when the operator inputs the monitoring request d, the monitoring screen output request receiving means 8A in the monitoring face creating means 8 outputs the bearing surface specified by the operator to the monitoring data extracting means 8.
Output to B. The monitoring data retrieval means 8B first
The plant state at that time is determined based on the plant state table set by the rotation speed/load state determining means 6, and monitoring data regarding the designated bearing Nα is extracted in accordance with the plant state. The monitoring screen output means 8D is
In accordance with the monitoring data retrieved by the monitoring data retrieval means 8B, the monitoring data display screen A for CASIE I and CASE II stored in the fixed screen data storage area 8C or the screen for displaying the monitoring data for CA S, E and CASE III is displayed. One of the screens on which the two polar coordinate graphs are displayed on the monitoring data display screen n is selected and displayed on the display device 9. The combination of monitoring screen and monitoring data that is selected at this time is shown in FIG. 6. If the plant status is before merging, the monitoring data of CASE I is taken out and screen A is selected. The extracted monitoring data for CASE I is plotted on one polar coordinate graph of screen A that is displayed. CASE I if the plant status is holding the rotation speed
In addition, CASE II monitoring data is extracted,
Screen A is selected and the respective monitoring data are plotted on two polar coordinate graphs. Also, if the plant status is load holding, CASllin and CASE H
The monitoring data is extracted, screen B is selected this time, and the respective monitoring data are plotted on two polar coordinate graphs.

Next, a specific example of the monitoring surface when maintaining the rated rotation speed is shown in Section 7.
As shown in the figure, this is a true example of the screen, the polar coordinate graph on the left is the graph of CASE II when based on time, and the maximum amplitude value and phase angle are plotted every 10 minutes. Inside, TV means Time-Vibrat
It is an abbreviation of ion. The polar coordinate graph on the right is the graph for CASE I when the turbine rotation speed is the standard, and 5
In the figure 0, which is a plot of the maximum amplitude value and phase angle for each 00rp-, S-V is 5peed-Vibrati.
It is an abbreviation of on. The data values for each plot point are displayed in a table at the bottom right of each polar coordinate graph. Also.

A bearing rod is also displayed at the top left of the screen.

After this screen A is displayed, new monitoring data to be saved in the data storage area 7C will be periodically referenced to the information record in the data storage area 7C until the monitoring request is canceled by the operator. The updated data is retrieved by the monitoring data retrieval means 8B which reads the updated data each time the data is updated, and is displayed on the monitoring screen each time. This allows the operator to monitor unbalanced vibrations of the designated turbine rotor in real time.

As described above, according to this embodiment, vibration monitoring data is collected consistently from the time the plant is started, so! ! ! By making a monitoring request, a staff member can monitor the shaft vibration of the turbine rotor from the time of data collection at any time. Also,
Since the monitoring screen is switched according to the plant status, pattern recognition becomes easy, abnormalities can be easily determined, and plant abnormalities can be discovered at an early stage.

Note 1: In this embodiment, the load-based monitoring screen is automatically selected after addition, but even after addition, the monitoring screen when the rotation speed is increasing is selected so that it can be displayed as historical data. Functions may be added, which allows not only temporary online monitoring but also the ability to freely pull out collected data at any time, increasing vibration analysis capabilities.

In addition, in order to make abnormality detection even easier, the average normal pattern in the plant is determined, stored in a database, and the standard normal pattern is displayed at the same time as the monitoring screen of this embodiment. It's okay. Thereby, the operator can more easily perform pattern matching with the normal pattern, and can detect abnormal vibrations more quickly and accurately.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to monitor the shaft vibration of the rotor online after starting the plant, and when there is a monitoring request from an operator, the vibration can be monitored according to the plant status. Since a monitoring screen with easy pattern matching is created, a vibration monitoring device that can easily perform abnormality determination and discover plant abnormalities at an early stage can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vibration monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a text transmitted from the transmission command output means of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a vibration phase angle measuring device of FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the plant status table set by the rotation speed/load status determination means of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5(a) is the state-specific data storage means of FIG. 1. Fig. 5(b) is an explanatory diagram of the monitoring data storage information table that is set when saving monitoring data, Fig. 5 (b) is an illustration of the monitoring data saved in the data storage area of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is the monitoring screen. Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the display of the monitoring screen, Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the abscissa display of vibration amplitude and phase, and Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a polar coordinate display pattern due to unbalanced vibration. It is a diagram. 1...Plant, 2...Vibration phase angle measuring device, 3...
- Computer, 4... Transmission data input means. 5...Data transmission request means, 5A...Transmission request parameter setting means, 5B...Transmission command output means. 6...Rotational speed/load condition determination means, 7...Data storage means, 7A...Saving data extraction means-7B...
- State-specific data storage means, 7C...data storage area. 8...Monitoring screen creation means, 8A...Monitoring screen output request receiving means, 8B...Monitoring data extraction means,
8C...Fixed screen data storage area, 8D...Monitoring screen output means, 9...Display device. /-\, Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Hikio each Roten Chichiho is on the way - 12th, 7th: Ibeniri completed
13 Go・、To: 7＾＾R Shaking Medium□1 4ji・、To: Low negative t (Kinaka□1 511',、To: Intermediate load a + -1 6 Go7 To: Hijiro) Fish #Horanachu-1 Fig. 4 End loss code Rorpm iron monitoring data (b) Fig. 5 Fig. 6 'l1%3 x Tmm P-P Fig. 8

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Vibration amplitude value according to the rotation speed from a vibration detector that measures the shaft vibration of the rotor placed in the bearing part of the rotating machine,
a vibration phase angle measuring device that periodically reads the phase angle and stores and updates the maximum amplitude value of the vibration, the phase angle of the maximum amplitude value from a reference point, and the rotational speed at that time in an internal memory; a rotation speed/load state determination means for determining the rotation speed and load state of the rotor; and a data transmission request means for requesting the vibration phase angle measuring device to transmit measurement data;
A transmission data input means for reading data transmitted from the vibration phase angle measuring device, and editing and saving of the data read by the transmission data input means according to the plant state determined by the rotation speed/load state determination means. and a vibration monitoring screen that determines display contents of data for vibration monitoring according to the rotational speed and load condition of the rotor, extracts appropriate data from among the data stored by the data storage means, and displays a vibration monitoring screen. 1. A vibration monitoring device comprising: a monitoring screen creation means for creating a monitoring screen; and a screen display device for displaying a vibration monitoring screen created by the monitoring screen creation means. (2) In the scope of claim 1, the monitoring screen creation means is arranged such that when the rotating machine is speeding up, the monitoring screen creation means is configured to maintain the rotating speed and load constant every time the rotating speed increases by a certain amount when the rotating machine is speeding up. Vibration monitoring characterized in that data is extracted from the data storage means at fixed time intervals when the load on the rotating machine is increasing, and every fixed load increase when the load of the rotating machine is increasing, and a corresponding monitoring screen is created. Device.