JPS63247653A - Method for surveying cracking in concrete bottom part - Google Patents
Method for surveying cracking in concrete bottom partInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63247653A JPS63247653A JP62081228A JP8122887A JPS63247653A JP S63247653 A JPS63247653 A JP S63247653A JP 62081228 A JP62081228 A JP 62081228A JP 8122887 A JP8122887 A JP 8122887A JP S63247653 A JPS63247653 A JP S63247653A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- transmitter
- receiver
- wave
- reflected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は高速道路や橋の橋梁等のコンクリート構造物に
おいて、コンクリートの底面から上方に向かって発生す
るひび割れの位置を、上方の路面等の対向面から探査す
るためのコンクリート底部のひび割れ探査方法に関する
ものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention detects the location of cracks that occur upward from the bottom of the concrete in concrete structures such as highways and bridges on the upper road surface, etc. This invention relates to a method for detecting cracks at the bottom of concrete for detecting them from the opposite surface.
く本発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
高速道路や橋の橋梁等のコンクリート構造物は、上部の
路面を多数の車両が間断な(通過するため、繰り返し下
方への撓みがかかり、コンクリートの底面から上方に向
かってひび割れが発生しやす(なる。Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention> Concrete structures such as expressways and bridges are subject to repeated downward flexures due to the continuous passing of many vehicles on the upper road surface, causing damage to the bottom surface of the concrete. Cracks tend to form upwards.
このようにコンクリートの底部にひび割れが発生すると
、構造物の耐久性が低下して危険であることはいうまで
もく、ひび割れの上部に舗装されたアスファルトが損傷
しやす(なり、何度も補修が必要となるために不経済で
ある。When cracks occur at the bottom of the concrete, it goes without saying that the durability of the structure decreases and is dangerous, but the asphalt paved on top of the cracks is easily damaged (and has to be repaired many times). It is uneconomical because it requires
そのため、コンクリート構造物の底部に発生するひび割
れの位置を、早期に発見して補修する必要がある。Therefore, it is necessary to early detect and repair the positions of cracks that occur at the bottom of concrete structures.
しかし、現在のコンクリート底部のひび割れ探査技術で
は、正確かつ容易に測定することが困難であり、業界の
課題となっている。However, with current concrete bottom crack detection technology, it is difficult to accurately and easily measure cracks, which is a challenge for the industry.
く本発明の目的〉
本発明は上記のような問題点を解決するためになされた
もので、コンクリート構造物の底部に発生するひび割れ
の位置を、正確かつ容易に測定することができるコンク
リート底部のひび割れ探査方法を提供することを目的と
する。OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. The purpose is to provide a crack detection method.
く本発明の構成〉
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の一実施例について説
明する。Configuration of the Present Invention> An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
)HIIzf−4h6+二
面から、上方にほぼ垂直に生じるひび割れ11の位置を
測定をする場合について説明する。) A case will be described in which the position of a crack 11 that occurs almost vertically upward is measured from two sides of HIIzf-4h6+.
゛くイ〉超音波振動子の設置(第1図)測定対象物のコ
ンクリート1の上部の同一面上に、超音波振動子の送波
器2と受波器3とを間隔をおいて設置する。゛kui〉Installation of the ultrasonic vibrator (Figure 1) Place the transmitter 2 and receiver 3 of the ultrasonic vibrator on the same surface above the concrete 1 to be measured, with a gap between them. do.
設置間隔はコンクリート1の厚みの約3分の1程度が望
ましい。The installation interval is preferably about one-third of the thickness of concrete 1.
く口〉超音波の送波
発振器21からの電気振動によって送波器2を励振し、
送波器2からコンクリート1の底面に向けて、電気振動
によって形成された超音波のパルスを繰り返し送波する
。Excite the transmitter 2 by electric vibration from the ultrasonic wave transmitting oscillator 21,
Ultrasonic pulses formed by electric vibrations are repeatedly transmitted from a wave transmitter 2 toward the bottom surface of the concrete 1.
このとき送波器2からコンクリート1の表面を直接受波
器3に伝播する表面波が生じるため、底面で反射する反
射波Aと重なり、明確な反射波への受波ができなくなる
。At this time, since a surface wave is generated that directly propagates from the transmitter 2 to the receiver 3 on the surface of the concrete 1, it overlaps with the reflected wave A reflected at the bottom surface, making it impossible to clearly receive the reflected wave.
そこで本実施例ではこの表面波の妨害から逃れるために
、例えば励損電気信号に正弦波ではなく、矩形波を使用
し、この矩形波によって形成されたパルスを、コンクリ
ート1に繰り返し送波するものである。Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to escape from this surface wave interference, for example, a rectangular wave is used instead of a sine wave as the excitation electric signal, and pulses formed by this rectangular wave are repeatedly transmitted to the concrete 1. It is.
このとき送波する超音波のパルスの周波数は、コンクリ
ート1の厚さによって異なる共振周波数の20〜30%
程度であることが望ましい。The frequency of the ultrasonic pulse transmitted at this time is 20 to 30% of the resonant frequency, which varies depending on the thickness of the concrete 1.
It is desirable that the
例えば、本実施例のコンクリート1の上下方向の厚さを
20cmとした場合、20(Mlのコンクリート1が有
する共振周波数は、約10KHzであるから、送波する
超音波のパルスの周波数は2〜3KHzとする。For example, if the vertical thickness of the concrete 1 of this example is 20 cm, the resonant frequency of the concrete 1 of 20 (Ml) is approximately 10 KHz, so the frequency of the ultrasonic pulse to be transmitted is 2~ The frequency shall be 3KHz.
くハ〉超音波の受波
送波器2と受波器3を移動させながら、コンクリート1
内を透過して、底面で反射する反射波Aを受波器3で受
波し、増幅器31で増幅した後に、スペクトル解析器3
2の画面上に表示する。Kuha〉 While moving the ultrasonic wave transmitter 2 and receiver 3,
The reflected wave A transmitted through the inside and reflected at the bottom surface is received by the receiver 3, amplified by the amplifier 31, and then sent to the spectrum analyzer 3.
Display on the second screen.
(1)ひび割れが存在しない場合(第1.2図)送波器
2から受波器3までの超音波のパルスの伝播経路の途中
に、ひび割れが存在しない場合には、受波器3により反
射波へを確実に受波することができる。(1) When there is no crack (Fig. 1.2) If there is no crack in the propagation path of the ultrasonic pulse from the transmitter 2 to the receiver 3, It is possible to reliably receive reflected waves.
この反射波Aをスペクトル解析器32の画面上に表示す
ると、第2図に示すように多数のスペクトルのピークが
表れ、コンクリート1の厚さに相当する約10KHzの
周波数を有する共振波のスペクトルBが明確に表示され
る。When this reflected wave A is displayed on the screen of the spectrum analyzer 32, many spectral peaks appear as shown in FIG. is clearly displayed.
即ち、超音波のパルスが連続するコンクリート1内を伝
播する場合には、明確に反射波Aを受波することができ
、スペクトル解析器32の画面上にも明確な共振波のス
ペクトルBが表示される。That is, when the ultrasonic pulse propagates through the continuous concrete 1, the reflected wave A can be clearly received, and a clear spectrum B of the resonant wave is also displayed on the screen of the spectrum analyzer 32. be done.
(2)ひび割れが存在する場合(第3.4図)送波器2
から超音波のパルスを置県したまま、受波器3を移動し
てい(と、第3図のように超音波のパルスの伝播経路の
途中を、ひび割れ11が遮るときがある。(2) When cracks exist (Figure 3.4) Transmitter 2
When the receiver 3 is moved while the ultrasonic pulse is left in place (as shown in FIG. 3), a crack 11 may interrupt the propagation path of the ultrasonic pulse as shown in FIG.
この場合には、ひび割れ11が存在するために、コンク
リート1内に不連続部分が生じることになり、反射波A
は受波器3とは反対方向に反射してしまう。In this case, due to the presence of cracks 11, a discontinuous portion will occur in the concrete 1, and the reflected wave A
is reflected in the opposite direction to the receiver 3.
そのため、受波器3により反射波Aを明確に受波するこ
とが困難となり、第4図に示すようにスベクトル解析2
S32の画面上のl0KI(Z付近の0点には、コンク
リートlの厚さに相当する共据周波数のスペクトルのピ
ークがほとんど表れていない。Therefore, it becomes difficult for the receiver 3 to clearly receive the reflected wave A, and as shown in FIG.
At the 0 point near l0KI (Z) on the screen of S32, almost no peak of the spectrum of the common frequency corresponding to the thickness of concrete l appears.
従って、以上のようにスペクトル解析器32の画面上の
0点に、共振波のスペクトルがほとんど表示されない場
所を探して、ひび割れ11の発生位置を測定することが
できる。Therefore, as described above, the location where the crack 11 is generated can be measured by searching for a location where the spectrum of the resonant wave is hardly displayed at the 0 point on the screen of the spectrum analyzer 32.
く本発明の効果〉
本発明は以上説明したようになるため、次のような効果
を期待することができる。Effects of the Present Invention> Since the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be expected.
〈イ〉本発明はコンクリートの底面に向けて、正弦波で
はない電気振動による超音波のパルスを繰り返し送波し
、そのとき発生する共振波がスペクトル解析器の画面上
に表れるか、表れないかによって、コンクリートの底部
に発生するひび割れの位置を探査することができる。<B> The present invention repeatedly transmits ultrasonic pulses generated by electric vibrations other than sine waves toward the bottom of concrete, and determines whether the resonant waves generated at that time appear on the screen of a spectrum analyzer or not. This allows you to locate cracks that occur at the bottom of concrete.
従って、コンクリート構造物の底部に発生するひび割れ
の位置を、早期に発見して補修することが可能となる。Therefore, it becomes possible to discover and repair the position of a crack occurring at the bottom of a concrete structure at an early stage.
く口〉本発明はコンクリートの底部に発生するひび割れ
の位置を、上方の対向面から探査することができる。Exit> The present invention allows the location of cracks occurring at the bottom of concrete to be detected from the opposing surface above.
そのため高速道路や橋の橋梁等のコンクリート構造物の
ように、底部のひび割れの発生位置を、裏側から測定す
ることが困難な場合であっても、底面と対向する路面等
から容易に測定することができる。Therefore, even in cases where it is difficult to measure the location of cracks at the bottom from the back side, such as in concrete structures such as expressways and bridges, it is easy to measure from the road surface facing the bottom. Can be done.
第1図:超音波の伝播経路の途中にひび割れが存在しな
い場合の説明図
第2図ニスベクトル解析器の画面上に共振波が表れた場
合の説明図
第3図:超音波の伝播経路の途中にひび割れが存在する
場合の説明図
第4図ニスベクトル解析器の画面上に共振波が表れない
場合の説明図
手続補正書
昭和62年5117日
特許庁長官 黒 1)明 雄 殿
1、事件の表示
特願昭62−81228号
2、発明の名称
コンクリート底部のひび割れ探査方法
3、補正をする者
事件との関係 特許出願人
住 所 横浜市戸塚区南舞岡2丁目18番2号名 称
株式会社 東横エルメス代表者 山
際 豊 美
4、代理人〒105
住 所 東京都港区新橋三丁目1番10号 丸藤ビル
9F7、補正の内容Figure 1: An illustration of the case where there are no cracks along the propagation path of the ultrasonic waves. Figure 2: An illustration of the case where a resonant wave appears on the screen of the varnish vector analyzer. Figure 3: An illustration of the propagation path of the ultrasonic waves. Explanatory diagram when there is a crack in the middle Figure 4 Explanatory diagram when resonant waves do not appear on the screen of the varnish vector analyzer Procedure amendment document 5117, 1988 Commissioner of the Patent Office Black 1) Akio Tono 1, Incident Indication of patent application No. 62-81228 2, name of the invention Method for detecting cracks in the bottom of concrete 3, relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 2-18-2 Minami-Maioka, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama Name Stock Company Toyoko Hermes Representative Yama
Toyomi Saki 4, Agent 105 Address 9F7 Marufuji Building, 3-1-10 Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Contents of amendment
Claims (1)
送波器と受波器とを間隔をおいて設置し、 正弦波ではない電気振動によって送波器を励振し、 送波器からコンクリート底部の対向面に向けて、電気振
動による超音波のパルスを繰り返し送波し、 コンクリートを共振状態とし、 そのとき発生する共振波を送波器及び受波器を移動しな
がら受波し、 共振波がコンクリート底部に生じるひび割れによって遮
られ、 共振波のスペクトルがスペクトル解析器の画面上に表れ
ない場所を探査してひび割れの位置を測定することを特
徴とする、 コンクリート底部のひび割れ探査方法[Claims] A transmitter and a receiver of an ultrasonic vibrator are installed at a distance on the same concrete surface of the object to be measured, and the transmitter is excited by electric vibrations other than sine waves. , Repeatedly transmits ultrasonic pulses using electrical vibrations from the transmitter toward the opposing surfaces at the bottom of the concrete, causing the concrete to resonate, and then moving the transmitter and receiver to transmit the resonant waves generated. This method is characterized in that the position of the crack is measured by searching for a place where the resonant wave is intercepted by a crack that occurs at the bottom of the concrete and the spectrum of the resonant wave does not appear on the screen of the spectrum analyzer. crack detection method
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62081228A JPS63247653A (en) | 1987-04-03 | 1987-04-03 | Method for surveying cracking in concrete bottom part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62081228A JPS63247653A (en) | 1987-04-03 | 1987-04-03 | Method for surveying cracking in concrete bottom part |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS63247653A true JPS63247653A (en) | 1988-10-14 |
Family
ID=13740606
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP62081228A Pending JPS63247653A (en) | 1987-04-03 | 1987-04-03 | Method for surveying cracking in concrete bottom part |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS63247653A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006105680A (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-20 | Sankyo Eng Kk | Non-destructive inspection method of concrete structure |
JP2010019658A (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-28 | Shimizu Corp | Measuring device and measurement method of depth of concrete surface crack by ultrasonic wave |
JP2013088305A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-05-13 | Kanagawa Noriyo | Method and device for detecting crack of concrete structure |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5994062A (en) * | 1982-11-20 | 1984-05-30 | Sanwa Eng:Kk | Apparatus for detecting crack |
JPS60174949A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1985-09-09 | Nippon Kensetsu Kikaika Kyokai | Method and apparatus for detecting gap of resonance wave |
-
1987
- 1987-04-03 JP JP62081228A patent/JPS63247653A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5994062A (en) * | 1982-11-20 | 1984-05-30 | Sanwa Eng:Kk | Apparatus for detecting crack |
JPS60174949A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1985-09-09 | Nippon Kensetsu Kikaika Kyokai | Method and apparatus for detecting gap of resonance wave |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006105680A (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-20 | Sankyo Eng Kk | Non-destructive inspection method of concrete structure |
JP2010019658A (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-28 | Shimizu Corp | Measuring device and measurement method of depth of concrete surface crack by ultrasonic wave |
JP2013088305A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-05-13 | Kanagawa Noriyo | Method and device for detecting crack of concrete structure |
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