JPS6322540B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the degree of polishing of grains, mainly rice grains.

Generally, rice grains are milled using a rice milling machine.
The whiteness is removed by removing the bran, and the degree of whiteness has traditionally been expressed as the milling efficiency, or polishing degree. In the conventional whiteness measuring device, a sample dish is placed at the bottom of an integrating sphere made of a mirror, the polished rice to be measured is placed there, and the polished rice is passed through a heat ray absorption filter and a monochromatic light filter from the top of the integrating sphere, and the light is focused. The light collected by the lens was irradiated, and the reflected light from the polished rice was collected on a light-receiving element installed on the side of the integrating sphere, amplified by an amplifier, and the reflected light was measured to determine whiteness.

By the way, there are two types of rice milling machines: grinding rice milling machines and friction rice milling machines. When observed with the naked eye, the polishing action of the friction rice milling machine is increased compared to the polished rice that has an increased polishing action of the grinding rice milling machine. Polished rice has better transparency and shine. In other words, in a grinding rice mill, the rice grains are milled by friction between the grinding rolls and the rice grains, so the surface of milled rice has many scratches from the grinding rolls and has a rough surface. The surface of the milled rice is smooth because it is milled by mutual friction.

Conventional whiteness meters measure the reflected light from the sample to determine whiteness, so rough surfaces tend to reflect more diffuse light and show higher whiteness values than smooth surfaces. The whiteness of the surface tended to be low because the amount of light that was transmitted was greater than the amount of light that was reflected. In other words, with the measurement method that uses reflected light as whiteness, in the case of polished rice with a smooth surface, the transmittance is greater than the reflectance of light, so it is difficult to accurately measure whiteness. I couldn't do it.

On the other hand, the present inventor provided a grain whiteness measurement device that obtains accurate whiteness by measuring reflected light and transmitted light of a sample.

However, this grain milling degree measuring device only measures the milling degree of grains in a stationary state.
There was a drawback that it was not possible to measure the milling degree of continuously flowing grains moment by moment.

Therefore, this invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks and obtains a more accurate degree of whiteness by measuring not only the reflected light of the sample but also the transmitted light and combining both of them to determine the whiteness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a grain whiteness measurement device that can continuously measure the whiteness of grains that flow together.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1 in Figure 1 is an integrating sphere whose inner surface is a mirror,
A detection chamber 2 is provided on the right side, and a condensing lens 3 is provided on the opposite side, and a light source lamp 4, a heat ray absorption filter 5, and a monochromatic light filter 6 are provided on the left side of the condensing lens 3. A light source device is formed by a light source lamp 4, a heat ray absorption filter 5, a monochromatic light filter 6, and a condensing lens 3. 7 is a light incident shutter.

A transmitted light receiving element 8 serving as a transmitted light measuring device for capturing transmitted light from a sample is provided on the opposite side of the detection chamber 2 from the light source device, and the transmitted light receiving element 8 is connected to an amplifier 9.

Further, at the lower part of the integrating sphere 1 in the direction crossing the line connecting the light source device and the transmitted light receiving element 8, there is provided a reflected light receiving element 8', which serves as a reflected light measuring device that captures the reflected light from the sample. The reflected light receiving element 8' is connected to an amplifier 9'.

Both amplifiers 9 and 9' are analog-to-digital converters (hereinafter abbreviated as A-D converters).
It is connected to an arithmetic unit 11 via terminals 10 and 10', and further connected to a precision digital display meter 12. In the figure, 13 is a reflectance digital indicator connected to the amplifier 9', 14 is a transmittance digital indicator connected to the amplifier 9, and 15 is a constant voltage device.

Further, 16 is a memory circuit for storing the measured value of the dark current of the reflected light receiving element, and 17 is an amplifier 9' so that the whiteness of the reference white board provided on the marker post 20 becomes the reference whiteness.
This is a comparator circuit that changes the amplification factor of the two to make them match.
Note that the arithmetic unit 11 includes a subtraction circuit that removes dark current.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the surface of the detection chamber 2 on the integrating sphere 1 side and the opposite surface thereof, through which the sample flows, are made of quartz glass 18, and the other side of the detection chamber 2 is made of quartz glass 18. An opening is provided, and a marker 20 with a cleaner 19 attached to its tip is inserted into and out of the sample flow path through the opening. 21
is a guide for guiding the entry and exit of the marker pole 20.

A reference white plate 22 is attached to one side of the marker column 20 for setting a standard whiteness when measuring whiteness, and the marker column 20 is moved relative to the sample flow path by a cleaner drive motor 23. Enter and exit at right angles. 24 and 25 are limit switches, and the marker 20 has a reference white board 2 provided on its side.
2 is inserted until it reaches the front surface of the transmitted light receiving element 8, it hits the contact piece of the limit switch 24, and the cleaner drive motor 23 is stopped, the cleaner drive motor 23 is reversed, the marker column 20 is retreated, and the tip of the marker is inserted into the opening. When the motor 23 is moved back to the position shown in FIG.

A loading shutter 26 and a discharge shutter 27 are provided at the upper and lower openings of the detection chamber 2 so as to be openable and closable by a shutter drive motor (not shown).

A sample drop port 30 is provided at the upper part of the input shutter 26 to input the sorted grains that have flowed from the sample input tank 28 through the vibrating feeder 29 and been sorted. When a required amount of sample is added to the sample input tank 28, a capacitance proximity switch 3, which is a level meter, senses this and operates the cleaner drive motor 23.
1 will be provided. Further, a vibrator 32 for vibrating the vibration feeder 29 is connected to the vibration feeder 29, and the vibrator 32 is connected to a shutter drive motor and is configured to operate at the same time as the input shutter 26 is opened. 33
is a sorting wire mesh provided on the vibrating feeder 29, and 34 is an opening for dropping defective samples such as immature rice and split rice. A discharge path 35 and a receiving box 36 are provided at the bottom of the discharge shutter 27 for discharging the sample after measurement.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained.

When a sample is put into the input tank 28 and the amount required for measurement is reached, the level meter consisting of the capacitance proximity switch 31 senses it, and the cleaner drive motor 23 operates, causing the cleaner 19 to move in the direction of the detection chamber 2.
Push in. As a result, the surface of the quartz glass 18 of the detection chamber 2 is polished by the cleaner 19 to remove deposits. The marker post 20 is inserted into the detection chamber 2, and the reference white plate 22 provided on the side of the marker post 20
When the light reaches the front surface of the transmitted light receiving element 8, the limit switch 24 stops the cleaner drive motor 23.

After a few seconds, the dark current of the reflected light receiving element is measured without light. The dark current value is stored in the storage circuit 16. Next, the shutter drive motor is operated to open the light entrance shutter 7 and allow the light to enter the reference white plate 22 of the marker post 20. The amplification factor of the amplifier is changed by a servo mechanism so that the degree of whiteness of the reference white board 22 is set as the reference whiteness in the comparison circuit 17 to match it. Next, the dark current value is removed by the subtraction circuit of the arithmetic unit 11, and the reference whiteness is adjusted.

After setting the reference whiteness in this way, the whiteness of the sample is then measured.

First, the cleaner drive motor 23 is reversed,
The cleaner 19 is pulled out from the chamber 2 and the limit switch 25 is used to stop the cleaner drive motor 23. At the same time as the input shutter 26 is opened by a shutter drive motor (not shown), the vibrator 32 is operated, and the sample dropped from the input tank 28 begins to flow through the vibrating feeder 29. At this time, since the sample passes over the sorting wire mesh 33, defective samples such as immature rice and split rice fall out of the wire mesh 33, and only the sorted grains are passed through the sample drop port 33.
carried to. The sorted particles accumulate in the detection chamber 2 at a high density, and when they eventually overflow from the detection chamber 2, the charging shutter 26 is closed and the vibrator 32 is stopped at the same time.

A few seconds after the vibrator stops, the reflectance and transmittance of the milled rice are measured by the reflected light receiving element 8' and the transmitted light receiving element 8, calculated by the arithmetic unit 11, and calculated by the polishing degree digital indicator 12. The fineness level is displayed. The polishing degree is expressed by the following formula.

Brightness=reflection amount+K・transmission amount, where K is a coefficient (an experimentally determined value is used) for converting the transmittance into a unit of whiteness.

When the measurement of the purity of the sample is completed, the discharge shutter 27 is opened by the shutter drive motor.
The sample in the detection chamber 2 is discharged. Next, the discharge shutter 27 and the light input shutter 7 are closed, the shutter drive motor is stopped, and one cycle of operation is completed.

At this time, the capacitance proximity switch 31 of the level meter senses that the sample in the sample input tank 28 has reached the required level, and the above cycle is repeated again.

The discharged sample is placed in a receiving box 36 provided inside the vessel.
to go into. In addition, the sample remaining in the input tank 28 and the vibration feeder 29 is removed by a discharge switch (not shown).
It is ejected by pressing down.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the degree of polishing is expressed as the sum of the reflectance and transmittance of light, the degree of polishing can be measured more accurately even in the case of polished rice with a smooth surface. Furthermore, the degree of polishing of flowing grains can be measured moment by moment.

In addition, since a level meter is installed in the input tank and this level meter is connected to the feeder, input shutter, and discharge shutter, the discharge of grain from the rice mill etc. to the input tank is not particularly controlled.
The milling degree of the grain can be continuously and automatically measured.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of FIG. 2. 1... Integrating sphere, 2... Sample flow path (detection section chamber), 20... Marker, 26... Injection shutter,
27... Discharge shutter, 28... Input tank,
29... Vibration feeder, 30... Sample drop port, 3
1... Capacitance proximity switch, 32... Vibrator, 35... Sample discharge path, 36... Receiving box.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transmitted light measuring device is provided on the opposite side of the light source device across the integrating sphere via a sample flow path, and a reflected light measuring device is provided in the other part of the integrating sphere, and the amount of transmitted light measured by the transmitted light measuring device is The transmitted light measuring device and the reflected light measuring device are each connected to an arithmetic device that calculates the sum of the multiplied coefficient and the amount of reflection measured by the reflected light measuring device, and above the sample flow path,
The sample drop port of the feeder is faced through the input shutter, and an input tank equipped with a level gauge is located above the feeder.A discharge shutter is installed below the sample flow path, and the input tank is equipped with a level gauge. When the level meter senses the presence of a sample, the input shutter is opened and the feeder is activated; when the input shutter is closed, the feeder is deactivated; thereafter, the output shutter is opened, and then the output shutter is closed; A continuous grain whiteness measuring device characterized in that the level meter, feeder, input shutter, and discharge shutter are associated.