JPS63222903A - Wheel device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a turning effect without giving any steering angle to either of right and left wheels in the wheel unit of a multi-wheeled vehicle by applying double construction to axles, dividing a wheel rim into inside and outside rims and fitting the outside rim to an inner axle shiftable in an axial line direction and the inside rim to an outer axle respectively. CONSTITUTION:When front wheels 2 are steered via the operation of a steering wheel 14, a shift cam lever 19 turns via a steering lever 16 and a steering rod 18. Consequently, a shift cam 56 turns, thereby actuating a slide sleeve 44 and delivering or discharging oil in an oil pump 49 to and from cylinder chambers 41a and 41b for moving a piston 40 right or left. Therefore, a space between inside and outside rims 26 and 31 expands with one of right and rear wheels 3, thereby reducing a tire internal pressure, while the space decreases with the other, thereby causing an increase in tire internal pressure. According to the aforesaid constitution, the steering of the front wheels 2 can embody a turning effect upon the rear wheels 3, due to an internal pressure difference between the right and left tires.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multi-wheeled vehicle having a pair of left and right wheels respectively attached to both ends of a single wooden axle disposed across the vehicle body, e.g. The present invention relates to a wheel device including the above-mentioned wheels in a four-wheel medium-sized picture.

For example, I11 wide, low pressure tires on the right 3 or 4 wheels.
In J3 wheeled vehicles for traveling on rough terrain (buggy vehicles), a pair of left and right rear wheels are attached to both ends of an integrated central axle (rigid axle) arranged across the vehicle body. We are trying to keep the prices low. Especially when using the d3 as a vehicle for traveling on rough terrain,
When changing direction, a small radius turn is often desired.

By the way, in general, when a ground vehicle has a J3 (J3), turning is performed by steering only the front wheels, but it is known that the front wheels J3 and rear wheels can be freely steered to reduce the turning radius. Such a multi-wheel steering vehicle is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-258! This information is also transmitted to the rear wheels via a steering structure made up of a rad member, etc., so that both the front and rear wheels are steered when turning.

However, in order to be able to perform 1ν transverse steering in addition to front wheel steering as shown in ``-'', the same steering device as the front wheels must be provided for the rear wheels. Naturally, as the structure becomes multi-nailed, the amount of vehicles increases. In particular, if the rear wheel steering system described above is adopted in a vehicle that has the left and right rear wheels mounted on both ends of a single axle to simplify the rear wheel suspension system as described above, A light truck that has been defeated! a) Bamboo loses its low cost.

Therefore, the present invention maintains a simple configuration in which both the left and right wheels are attached to both ends of a single axle, and only allows the steering angle to be applied to the left and right wheels during turning. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wheel device that can exert a turning effect on the vehicle body similar to that obtained by applying a steering angle, and therefore the present invention provides a wheel device for a vehicle in which wheels are attached to both ends of an axle that traverses the vehicle body. , the axle includes a cylindrical outer axle, and a J that is movable in the axial direction within the outer axle and rotates integrally with the outer axle.
: The rim of each wheel is divided into an inner rim on the inner side in the width direction of the car body and an outer rim on the outer side in the width direction of the car body, and the inner rim At the end of the outer axle, the outer rim is attached to the end of the inner central axle.
f'L is fixed.

This Φ-wheel device is applied to a vehicle in such a way that, when the vehicle turns, the inner first arm is connected to the operating E device of the vehicle and slides within the outer axle toward the turning side. Since the inner rim of each wheel is fixed to the end of the outer axle, and the outer rim is fixed to the end of the inner center axle, the above-mentioned sliding of the inner axle causes the vehicle on the turning side, that is, the vehicle on the inside with respect to the turn, to The gap between the inner and outer cylindrical rims becomes wider, and therefore, the width of the tire sandwiched and fixed between these rims increases and its diameter decreases.On the other hand, when turning, the outer wheel The opening movement narrows the gap between the inner and outer cylinder rims, and as the width of the IJ tire mounted on this wheel narrows, the diameter increases to 6.

As a result, there is a difference in the circumferential speed of both wheels that roll over at the same rotational speed through a common axle, and the circumferential speed of the wheel on the outside of the turn is greater than the circumferential speed of the wheel on the inside of the turn, which causes the vehicle to Since the turning movement is promoted, the turning radius becomes smaller.

Further, due to the difference in diameter between the inner and outer cylindrical wheels, a camber angle is created in these wheels, and the resulting canvas thrust further promotes the turning motion, reducing the turning radius.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be applied to a four-wheeled vehicle for traveling on rough terrain, and the illustrated embodiment will be described. Figures 1 to 3 are a plan view, a side view, and a rear view of the four-wheeled vehicle for traveling on rough terrain, respectively, and show the state when not turning.

This four-wheeled vehicle 1 for traveling on rough terrain has a pair of left and right front wheels 2.
, 2 and rear wheels 3, 3, and these front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 are equipped with low-pressure, 1] wide tires (balloon tie A7), and are suitable for use on uneven ground or soft ground. The ground pressure allows it to run freely. A front wheel support frame 5 is provided in front of the if body frame 4 and juts out from side to side.
is pivotally connected to the outer end of the rotor via a king pin 6 so as to be freely steerable. A rear fork 8 is provided on the rear r portion of the vehicle body frame 4 via a pivot shaft 7 so as to be swingable in 10T.
A rear axle 10 extends left and right through the page, and rear wheels 3 are attached to both ends of the rear axle 10, respectively. A balancer cushion 11 is inserted between the rear fork 8 and the rear upper part of the vehicle body frame 4. An engine 12 is mounted in the center of the vehicle body frame 4, and the front wheels 2J3 and the rear wheels 3 are driven by the engine 12.

The upper part of the vehicle body is covered with a vehicle body cover 13, and a rod-shaped handle 14 is rotatably provided at the front. Rotation of the handle 14 is transmitted to a steering lever 16 via a steering stem 15. The steering lever 16 connects to the left and right front wheels 2 via left and right tie rods 17 and 17, respectively.
, 2, and by operating the handle 14, the steering stem 15° steer/ring lever 1
6. The direction of one shank wheel 2 is changed from side to side via a quirod 17. FIG. 4 shows the state in which the front wheels 2 are steered to the right in this manner.

A pair of left and right steering wheel blades 18 extend rearward from the steering lever 16 and are attached to the housing 9.
．． 2 () J! to the shift cam lever 19 that invades l
! However, the rear wheels 3 do not steer even if the steering wheel 14 is operated.

Figure 6 shows rear wheel 3. The front wheel consists of a rear wheel @1 LI3 and a housing 9 (P). This is a cross-sectional view showing the rear wheel mount taken along the rear axle 10. The front wheels 2. Handle 14. Steering lever 16. Steering rod 18. A schematic diagram of the engine 12: !L addition.The rear vehicle IN110 has a double structure including a tubular outer axle 20 and an inner shaft 21 inserted into the outer axle 20.The outer axle 20 is the The center portion is supported by a housing 9 fixed to the recessed end of the recess fork 8 via a bearing 22 so as to be rotatable but not movable in the axial direction.The outer axle 20 has a sprocket 23. is fixed, foreign car lTg112
0 is driven by the engine 12 via a chino 24 that is strung around the sprocket 23. A brake disc 25 for braking the rear wheels is also fixed to the foreign car @20.

One piece 27 for the number of wheels is fitted and fixed to both ends of the foreign car @20, respectively. This wheel mounting piece 27 is for foreign cars @2.
The stepped portion 2 connects the small diameter cylindrical portion 27a fitted on the outer periphery of 0, the outer large diameter cylindrical portion 27b, and the double-ended cylindrical portion.
7c and 15, a rim (inner rim) 26 on the center side of the intermediate suspension of the two wheels 3 is attached and fixed to the stepped portion 27C. , Furthermore, there is an O-ring 2 between the wheel mounting part C 27 and the outer axle 20.
8, and the stepped portion 27c and the inner rim 26b are in airtight contact with each other.

The inner shaft 21 passes freely through the closing members 29 fitted to both ends of the outer wheel @ 20, and protrudes to the right side of the outer wheel shaft 20, and has a disk at each end. The wheel mounting piece 30 shaped like tN? i is fixed. An outer rim 31 of the rear wheel 3 is fixed to this wheel mounting piece 30. An O-ring 3 is installed between the wheel mounting piece 30 and the internal shaft 21.
2, airtightness is maintained, and airtightness is also maintained between the wheel attachment piece 30 and the outer rim 31.

As can be seen from the above, the rim of the rear wheel 3 (the inner rim 26 and the outer rim 31) is completely separated into two parts, and the outer wheel @ 20 and the inner shaft 21 are relative to each other in the axial direction. When the rims 26.31 move, the distance between the rims 26.31 decreases accordingly.A tire 33 is mounted on the outer circumference of the rim 26.31, spanning both rims, and the inside of the tie (133 is connected to the rim 26.31 However, as in the previous book, the inner rim 26 is open to the outer wheel @ 20, and the outer rim 31 is open to the inner shaft 21.
The rim 26 is connected airtightly to the rim 26.
．． An air chamber 34 is formed in the space between the tires 31 and the inside of the tire 33, and the tire pressure is maintained by the pressure of the air injected into the air chamber 34.

A communication passage 35 extending in the axial direction is formed inside the internal input lIn+ 21, and both ends of the communication passage 35 communicate with the air chamber 34 of the rear wheel 3 through communication holes 36, respectively. A nipple 37 is provided at the left end of the internal signal 1rqh 21, and air can be injected into the communication path 35 through the nipple 37. Since the injected air is supplied to the air chambers 34 of the left and right rear wheels 3 through the communication hole 36.3G, air can be supplied to the left and right rear wheels 3 at the same time through one nipple 37, simplifying maintenance work. become. Also, normally the left and right communication holes 36.
36 are all connected to the air chambers 34 of the corresponding rear wheels 3, so that the tie drag 7 pressures of the left and right rear wheels 3 are maintained equally through the communication passages 35, providing a good riding comfort.

The slits 1 to 38 in the axial direction are provided in the large diameter cylindrical portion 27b of the wheel attachment piece 27 on the outer axle 20 side, and the middle wheel on the host vehicle @21 side is provided in the slits 38. Torii・
Part 1) The engagement piece 39 provided on the outer periphery of
can be conveyed to. Therefore, the outer wheel @20 rotates together with the inner shaft 21, and the inner rim 26 and the outer rim 31 also rotate together.

A piston 40 is fixed to the center of the inner shaft 21, and the inside of the outer axle 20 is divided into left and right cylinder chambers 41a and 41b by the piston 40 and left and right closing portions +429. A spring 42 is inserted between the piston 40 and each closing member 29, and these springs 42 keep the piston 40 at the center position as shown in FIG. ■Axis 2
1 protrudes from the outer axle 20 to the left and right by ti, so that the distance between the inner rim 26 and the outer rim 31 of the left and right rear wheels 3 is equal.

A sliding sleeve 44 is fitted in an annular space 43 formed between the central outer circumferential surface of the outer Φ shaft 20 and the inner circumferential surface of the housing 9.
Two inlet passages 45a and 45b are formed, and an outlet passage 46 that is long in the axial direction and communicates with both of the inlet passages 45a and 45b is formed in the inner peripheral portion. An oil supply port 47 is also sunk in the housing 9, and this oil supply port 47 is connected to the discharge port of an oil pump 49 through a high-pressure hose 48, and is normally located between the left and right inlet passages 45a and 45b. and is closed by a sliding sleeve 44.

The outer Φ shaft 20 has an oil hole 50a that communicates the outlet passage 46 with the cylinder chamber 41a, and an oil hole 50a that communicates the outlet passage 46 with the cylinder chamber 41a.
An oil hole 50b communicating with the oil hole 41b is provided. The annular space 43 communicates with a discharge hole 52 through a discharge hole 51, and the equalization chamber 52 communicates with an oil reservoir 54 through a return hose 53. Oil is supplied to the oil pump 49 from this oil reservoir 54 via a suction pipe 55.

The housing 9 also has a shift force 1856 pivotally connected to the device 1, which protrudes from the end face of the shift mill cam 56 (a single protrusion 56a engages with a cam recess formed on the sliding sleeve 44). C according to the rotation fh of the shift cam 56.
The sliding sleeve 44 slides left and right. A front shift lever 19 is attached to the shift cam 5G, and this shift cam lever 19 is connected to the steering lever 16 via a steering rod 18. are left and right cylinder chambers 41a, 41b
A port l-,'+7.57 is provided for injecting oil into or removing oil from it.

The +M construction of the rear wheel device has been explained above with reference to FIG. 6, and FIG. 6 shows the state (2) and 1 (1) in which no turning is performed. For example, when turning to the right from this state,
As shown in FIG. 7, first, use the handle 14 to
is steered to (j), and the steering lever 1 is
The shift cam lever 19 connected to the cam 56 via the steering rod 18 rotates in the direction of [°shift]~cam 56.
By rotating, the circular sleeve 44 moves to the left RJ.
command. The oil supply port 47 is located in the right inlet passage 45.
b, and oil from the oil pump 49 is supplied to the left cylinder chamber 41a through the inlet passage 45b, the outlet passage 46, and the A-il hole 50a. On the other hand, since the oil hole 50bG is separated from the sliding sleeve 44 and communicated with the annular space 43, the oil in the cylinder chamber 4Ib flows through the oil hole 50b, the annular space 43. Comparative hole 51. Cultivation room 52
The oil is then returned to the oil reservoir 54 via the return hose 53. As a result, the screw 1-40 overcomes the biasing force of the spring 42, 42 and moves to the right, and along with this, the internal shaft 2
1 slides to the right relative to the outer axle 20, the right rear wheel 3 has an inner rim 26 fixed to the outer m-axis 20 and an outer rim fixed to the inner Φ-axis 21. As the distance from the opposite rim 31 increases and the rim width increases, the internal pressure tends to decrease as the volume of the air chamber 34 increases. This decrease in internal pressure is compensated for by reducing the diameter of the tire 33, and the tire 1
/33 has a flat cross-sectional shape as shown, and the radius of rotation Rb from the rotation center to the grounding point is small. On the other hand, in the left rear wheel 3, the inner rim 2G and the outer rim 3
1 approaches and reduces the volume of the air chamber 34, and the left 1ilj passage hole 3G is closed by the closing member 29 due to the movement of the internal shaft 21, so the pressure inside the air chamber 34 rises, Inflate the tire 33 in the diametrical direction U◇. Therefore, half a rotation W from the rotation center of the tire 33 to the grounding point
Ra increases, and the rotation diameter Rb of the rear width 3 on the ij side increases.
J becomes larger (see Figure 5).

Since the left and right rear wheels 3.3 are driven at the same rotation speed,
The circumferential speed 1α of the rear wheel 3 on the right side, on the inside of the turn, is the radius of rotation R
The left side where a has started to enter, that is, the outer side of the turn, is smaller than the circumference of wheel 3, and due to this difference in circumferential speed, a turning force is also given to car i in the direction, It is possible to perform a turn with a small turning radius by steering the wheels.Furthermore, due to the difference in the radius of the left and right rear widths 3, 3, each rear width 3 connected via the rear axle 10 has a side h) ＼Incline and create camber T, and J:Tsu to this IL Ijru'+II Invasus 1
- further facilitates turning, and -PM turns with a small turning radius are el. The above description has been made regarding right-hand turns, but the same applies to left-hand turns.

11 Summer Momme Section As described above, in the present invention, in a middle wheel system for a heavy vehicle in which wheels are attached to both ends of an axle that crosses the vehicle body, the +iff axle is connected to a cylindrical outer axle, and one Both axles are inserted into the outer axle so as to be movable in the axial direction and rotate integrally with the outer axle, and
Section 7i: The rim of each wheel is divided into an inner rim on the inside in the width direction of the heavy body and an outer rim on the outside in the middle width direction, and the inner rim is attached to the end of the outer axle, and the outer rim is attached to the end of the outer axle. Since they are fixed to each end of the inner shaft, it is possible to maintain a simple configuration in which both the left and right wheels are attached to both ends of a single axle, without applying a steering angle to the left and right wheels when turning. A lightweight and inexpensive Φ-wheel device that can exert the same turning effect on the vehicle body as the Φ-wheel device is obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a non-turning four-wheeled vehicle to which the present invention is applied; Top view of the wheeled vehicle when turning, 5th
The figure is a rear view of the same, Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the state of the rear central axle device in four wheels when not turning, and Figure 7 is a sectional view of 161 showing the state when turning. be. 1... Four-wheeled vehicle for traveling on rough terrain, 2... Front wheels, 3...
Rear wheel, 4... Vehicle body frame, 5... Front wheel support frame, 6... 4-ring bin, 7... Pivot shaft, ε3
...X1 fork, 9...housing, 10...
・Rear center axle, 11... Rear shoe shim 1, 12... Engine, 13... Body cover, 14... Handle,
15...Steering stem, 1G...Steering lever, 17...Tie [] Tsurad 18...Steering rod, 19...Shift cam lever, 20...
・Outer axle, 21... Inner center shaft, 22... Bearing, 23.
... Sprocket, 24... Buen, 25... Brake disc, 26... Inner rim, 27... Wheel mounting piece, 28... O-ring, 29... Open base member, 3
0...Wheel mounting piece, 31...Outer rim, 32...
・0 ring, 32...tire, 34...air chamber, 3
! :...Communication path, 36...Communication hole, 37...Nipple, 38...Slit, 39...Engagement piece, 40...
... Piston, 41... Cylinder chamber, 42... Spring, 43... Annular space, 44... Active sleeve, 45... Inlet passage, 46... Outlet passage, 47...
・Oil supply [1, 48...high pressure boss, 49...
A oil pump, 50...oil hole, 51...jJI
Exit hole, 52... tJI exit hole, 53... Warp Bose,
54...Oil reservoir, 55...Suction pipe, 56...
Shift cam, 57... bolt.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a wheel device for a vehicle in which an axle is mounted on each end of an axle that crosses the vehicle body, the axle is a cylindrical outer axle;
An inner axle is inserted into the outer axle so as to be movable in the axial direction and rotate integrally with the outer axle, and the rim of each wheel is formed with an inner rim extending inward in the width direction of the vehicle body. 1. A wheel device comprising: an outer rim extending outward in the widthwise direction of a vehicle; the inner rim being fixed to an end of the outer axle; and the outer rim being fixed to an end of the inner axle.