JPS63217171A - Ice machine for accumulating heat - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an ice making device for storing heat of air conditioning water.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Ice production methods in ice storage air conditioning systems can be roughly divided into 1.
Indirect heat exchange force type and direct heat exchange type are conventionally known. The indirect heat exchange method uses heat exchanger tubes (heat exchangers) for ice making, in which a low-temperature refrigerant (brine, Freon, etc.) is passed inside (outside) the heat exchanger tubes, and ice is generated outside (inside) the tubes. It's a method. The other direct heat exchange method is a method in which refrigerant gas is blown directly into water.

In the indirect method using heat exchanger tubes, when the liquid to be cooled is water, the ice that is generated grows by forming ice on the tube walls. In this case, since the thermal conductivity of ice is poor, there is a drawback that as the thickness of the ice increases, the growth rate of the ice becomes slower.

In order to promote ice growth, it is necessary to lower the refrigerant temperature as the thickness of the ice increases.1 This has the disadvantage of lowering the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigerator. Also.

In order to increase the ice filling factor (IPF) in the water tank, it is necessary to make the pinch of the heat transfer tube smaller, which in turn increases the relative volume of the heat transfer tube immersed in water.
This also results in a reduction in the effective volume for ice heat storage.

Therefore, the heat storage efficiency is not significantly better than that of a normal heat storage tank (cold water heat storage).

For this reason, although it is a heat transfer tube method, a method of mixing antifreeze such as ethylene glycol with the liquid to be cooled has recently been attracting attention as a method of preventing ice from forming on the tube walls. In this method, sherbet-like ice is formed in the liquid to be cooled without forming ice on the heat transfer surface. For this reason, the ice filling factor ([PF)] is set to 3.
It can be increased to 0-60%. However, since the ethylene glycol concentration in the liquid to be cooled increases with the formation of ice, the refrigerant temperature must be gradually lowered to about -10 to -20°C. Therefore, there is a problem that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigerator decreases. Furthermore, if the heat exchanger tube surfaces are not smooth, such as those with a mirror finish, ice will form on the tube walls, which naturally makes the heat exchanger more valuable.

On the other hand, in the direct heat exchange method, the refrigerant temperature can be used at a temperature close to 0° C., so the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator increases. Furthermore, since it does not have a metal heat transfer surface, there is no formation of ice blocks due to icing, and therefore the water filling rate is approximately 50 to 60%. 6)
Water has entered the refrigerant gas.

A problem arises in that fluorocarbons and water react to generate corrosive chlorine gas.

The present invention has been made with the aim of developing a new heat storage device to replace the conventional ice making system which has the above-mentioned problems.

[Structure of the invention]

The gist of the present invention, which aims to achieve the above-mentioned object, is to provide a fluid circulation path in which a part of the water in a heat storage tank is continuously passed through a fluid passage installed outside the tank, and then returned back into the heat storage tank. A forced cooling zone is provided in which the water that continuously passes through the fluid passage is supercooled from below 0°C to a temperature of 14°C or above, and it exits this forced cooling zone and reaches the heat storage water tank. This ice-making device for heat storage is provided with an ice-precipitation zone for applying the time and impact necessary for ice grains to precipitate from supercooled water in the flow path.

That is, the present invention creates a continuous flow of supercooled water by supercooling the water temperature to below zero degrees during the continuous flow of water, and applies an impact during the process of returning this continuous flow of supercooled water to the heat storage water tank. Sherbet-like (snow jam-like) ice is produced in the heat storage tank by the principle of precipitating ice particles or returning them to the heat storage tank while being precipitated. It has characteristics. In order to form a continuous flow of supercooled water, a gutter-like passageway having a water inlet at one end and a fluid outlet at the other end is used as the fluid passage, and the passage is placed a predetermined distance from the fluid outlet. The device configuration is simple and convenient by arranging the evaporator of the refrigerator unit on both walls of the gutter on the upstream side. Ice precipitation is performed by flowing supercooled water into a water channel without performing forced cooling after passing through a forced cooling zone, and then applying an impact. It is convenient to use the kinetic energy of water flow as this impact energy.

It is also useful to project ultrasound.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The ice making apparatus of this invention is demonstrated concretely below according to the Example of a drawing.

〔Example〕

Fig. 1 shows the overall configuration of the heat storage ice making apparatus of the present invention, in which 1 is a heat storage water tank, 2 is a fluid passage installed outside the tank, and 3 is a water passage for sending water in the heat storage water tank l into the fluid passage 2. Showing the pump. In the device of the present invention, a fluid circulation path is formed in which a part of the water in the heat storage water tank l is caused to flow continuously through the fluid passage 2 installed outside the tank by a pump 3, and then falls back into the heat storage water tank l. At the same time, a forced cooling zone 4 is provided in the fluid passage 2 in which the water that continuously passes there is supercooled from below 0°C to a temperature of 14°C or above, and the water exits the forced cooling zone 4 and flows into a heat storage water tank. A supercooled water outflow zone 5 is provided in the fluid passage 2 to allow the supercooled water to flow as it is without undergoing a phase change in the flow path up to the point 1, and a supercooled water collision zone 7 is provided at the fluid outlet 6 of the fluid passage 2. establish. Ice is deposited from the supercooled water while passing through the supercooled water collision zone 8 and falling into the heat storage water tank 1 .

In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid passageway 2 has a water inlet 8 at one end.
has a mallet shape with a fluid outlet 6 at the other end, and is installed with a gentle downward slope from the water inlet 8 to the fluid outlet 6, allowing water to flow naturally through it by gravity. It was formed in the passageway. Between the water inlet 8 and the fluid outlet 6, the rectifying zone 92, forced cooling zone 4, . A supercooled water outflow zone 5 and a supercooled water collision zone 7 are formed.

The rectification zone 9 is a zone that rectifies the water flow entering the forced cooling zone 4 into a uniform flow. The forced cooling zone 4 is constructed by arranging an evaporator 11 of a refrigerator unit on both side walls of the passageway or on both side walls and the bottom surface. In the figure, 12 is a compressor, 13 is a condenser, and 14 is an expansion valve or a small diameter tube for throttling.
A refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant circulates between the evaporator 11 and the evaporator 11 is formed. That is, the high-pressure refrigerant compressed in the compression [12] is condensed in the condenser 13 and radiates heat to the cooling water, and the liquid refrigerant is throttled in the expansion valve or small-diameter pipe 14, expanded and gasified in the evaporator 11, and then released into the passage. Continuous method, heat is removed from the water, compressor 1
Return to 2. By operating this refrigerator unit properly, the water flowing through one forced cooling zone 4 is supercooled to a temperature of 14° C. or more and 0° C. or less.

The water supercooled by this forced cooling zone 4 quietly leaves the outflow zone 5 without causing a water-ice phase change, and also generates ice precipitation nuclei and grows in the supercooled water collision zone 7. It falls into the heat storage water tank 1. In addition, precipitation and growth of ice may occur in the heat storage water tank 1 as well.

Although FIG. 2 shows the entire fluid passage 2 divided in the middle for convenience of illustration, the fluid passage 2 is continuous from the water inlet 8 to the fluid outlet 6.

As mentioned above, it is a gutter-like body installed with a gentle downward slope.

On the upstream side of this gutter, there is a rectification zone 3Ii9 that is a predetermined distance from the water inlet 6. Weir 16 near water inlet 6
A rectifying plate (not shown) may be provided thereafter as necessary to rectify the water flow before entering the primary forced cooling zone 4 into a uniform flow.

The forced cooling zone 4 includes one side wall 17a of the gutter in the illustrated example;
evaporator 11a for the length of this zone in contact with 17b;

11b is arranged. The evaporators 11a and llb are hollow, elongated boxes, into which liquid refrigerant (liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser 13 in FIG. 1) is introduced through small diameter pipes 14a and 14b connected to one end of the evaporators 11a and llb. Ru.

Also, at the other end of the box, the pressure 1! Gas refrigerant pipes +8a and 18b leading to g112 are connected. Small diameter tube 1
4a.

14b plays the role of a throttle valve similar to a direct expansion type heat exchanger, and the liquid refrigerant is throttled here, vaporized in the box, and sucked into the compressor 12 through gas refrigerant pipes 18a and 18b.

Over the entire length of the forced cooling zone 4 configured in this way, both side walls 17a, which are in contact with the evaporators 11a, llb,
The parts other than 17b are surrounded by a heat insulating material 19, and this insulating material 19 is also used in the subsequent supercooled water outflow zone 5. While the water rectified in the rectification zone 9 continuously passes through this forced cooling zone 4, it is cooled to below 0°C by the evaporators 11a and llb.
By operating the refrigerator unit and appropriately adjusting the flow rate of water so that the temperature of the refrigerant at point b does not fall below ~7°C, the following temperature can be achieved without causing ice to form on both side walls 17a and 17b, which are heat transfer surfaces. The supercooled water can flow out into the supercooled water outflow zone 5 .

A supercooled water outflow zone 5 following the forced cooling zone 4 is a zone in which the flow of supercooled water that has left the forced cooling zone 4 is allowed to flow through the gutter for a predetermined period of time.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, it is simply a fluid passage surrounded by a heat insulating material 19. The supercooled water collision zone 7 is a zone that applies an impact to the flowing supercooled water, and in the illustrated example, the kinetic energy of the flow is used to apply this impact. That is, before falling from the fluid outlet 6, a collision Im side is provided to cause the flow to separate and merge. Figure 4 shows a cross section of the part where this branching and merging takes place.
Two drop ports 21 and 22 are provided on the bottom plate of the gutter, and the two streams that separate from the drop ports 21 and 22 and fall are combined in front of a nozzle-shaped fluid outlet 6.

That is, a plurality of drop ports 21, 22 are provided at the bottom of the gutter immediately before the rearmost wall 20 of the gutter, and a merging portion 23 is provided to cause the branch streams falling from each of the drop ports 21 and 22 to collide with each other. The flows that merge at the part 23 are allowed to fall from the fluid outlet 6. By providing this merging portion 23 near the outflow lower, a situation where the outflow lower is blocked by generated ice can be avoided. With the above configuration, when the fluid flows out from the fluid outlet 6, ice crystals are generated and fall in the form of slurry into the heat storage water tank 1. In the heat storage water tank 1, sherbet-like ice with good fluidity accumulates or As the device of the present invention continues to operate, this will accumulate and ice heat storage will be achieved.

In addition, in order to promote the precipitation of ice, ultrasonic waves are applied to the supercooled water flowing through the supercooled water collision zone 7, and also to the supercooled water during or after falling into the heat storage water tank. It is also beneficial to provide external energy such as

[Operations and Effects] The bag device of the present invention generates ice in the non-cooling zone after passing through the forced cooling zone in the continuous flow process of water, so ice can be made without ice forming on the heat transfer surface. Also,
Ice can be made from fresh water without using antifreeze. The generated water is composed of fine crystal grains, and ice can be stored in the heat storage water tank in a sherbet-like state, and the water filling rate can be increased to 60% or more. In addition, in the 9 forced cooling zone, the refrigerant temperature only needs to be above -7°C (but below 0°C), and the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator will be significantly higher than that of conventional systems. In addition, since the device of the present invention has a simple configuration, control and the like can be easily performed through visual observation, the operation is simple, and the device can be manufactured at extremely low cost in terms of materials. For this reason, it is very easy to convert an existing heat storage water tank into an ice heat storage tank.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an equipment layout system diagram showing the entire device of the present invention;
The figure is a perspective view showing the entire fluid passage in Fig. 1 divided into two parts, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line mm in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line IV-rV in Fig. 2. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view in the direction of arrows. 1. Heat storage water tank, 2. Fluid passage, 3. Pump, 4. Forced cooling zone, 5. Supercooled water outflow zone, 6. Fluid outlet, 7. Supercooled water collision zone, 8 ... Water inlet, 9 ... Rectification band, 11
...Evaporator, 12..Compressor, 13..Condenser,
14... Expansion valve or small diameter pipe, 19... Insulation material,
2L22...Diversion outlet, 23...Confluence part.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Form a fluid circulation path in which a part of the water in the heat storage water tank is continuously passed through a fluid passage installed outside the tank, and then returned to the heat storage water tank. 0 water passing through
A forced cooling zone is provided that supercools from below ℃ to a temperature of -4℃ or higher, and in the flow path from this forced cooling zone to the heat storage water tank, there is a A heat storage ice making device that is equipped with an ice precipitation zone that applies time and impact. (2) The fluid passage is a gutter-like passage having a water inlet at one end and a fluid outlet at the other end, and the forced cooling zone is provided upstream from the fluid outlet at a predetermined distance. 2. The heat storage ice making device according to claim 1, wherein the forced cooling zone has an evaporator of a refrigerator unit arranged on both walls of the gutter.