JPS63213788A - Cereal drier operation controller - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a grain dryer operation control device, and particularly to a grain dryer operation control device that detects the moisture content of grains, operates the grain dryer, and brings the grains into a predetermined dry state. The present invention relates to a grain dryer operation control device that stops the grain dryer at the time when the grain dryer is stopped.

[Prior art] The temperature of the hot air supplied to the grain dryer is set to high or low temperature and large air volume in the initial control state, and is set to low or high temperature and small air volume in the late drying stage to prevent overdrying of the grain. is prevented.

In addition, with the F9 dryer, the moisture content of the grain at the end of drying is set before drying starts using hot air supply, and the moisture content is automatically measured by periodically sampling the grain with a moisture meter. When the value falls below the set value, drying by the dryer is automatically stopped. Further, it is also possible to operate the device for a predetermined time using a timer and automatically stop the device after the predetermined time elapses.

Grain that has been automatically stopped is subjected to tensing (rest drying), and moisture exchange (moisture evaporates from grains with high moisture content and moisture is absorbed by grains with low moisture content) prevents cracking of the grain. The finished condition will be improved.

[Point m while the invention is trying to solve] However, when tempering the grain, which is done after the moisture content reaches the set value or after the dryer is automatically stopped by the timer, the grain is packed tightly. Moisture exchange efficiency decreases, resulting in poor grain finishing.

For this reason, it has been considered to operate only the blower continuously when drying is stopped to remove uneven moisture in the grain, but the grain in the drying section is easily exposed to the wind from the blower, and the fi￥S in the storage section is Since this wind is difficult to receive, the grains inside the dryer receive different wind conditions (temperature and humidity) from the blower, making it impossible to reliably remove moisture unevenness from the grains.

In consideration of the above-mentioned facts, the present invention aims to provide a grain drying a operation control device that can equalize the moisture content of grain after the dryer is stopped and improve the finished product.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the grain dryer operation control device according to the present invention, the grain is dried to a predetermined dry state by hot air generated by the hot air generating means while the grain is circulated at a predetermined speed by the circulation system. The grain dryer operation control device is configured to stop the hot air generating means when the grain reaches a predetermined dry state, and to control the circulation speed of the grain circulated by the circulation system to be lower than the predetermined speed. It has control means to

[Function] As shown in FIG. 6, this control device circulates at a predetermined speed during normal drying processing (return control of steps 200 and 202), and when a predetermined drying state is reached (step 200). (affirmative determination), the control means stops the hot air generation means and lowers the grain circulation speed (step 204) to circulate the stored grain at a low speed. As a result, the grains are stirred, and water is quickly evaporated from the grains with high moisture content and absorbed into the grains with low moisture content, thereby ensuring uniformity of the moisture content of the grains.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows an example of a circulating grain dryer 10 to which the present invention is applied.

This circulating grain dryer 10 includes an upper storage section 12 and a lower drying section 14. A flow path 16 partitioned by a net-like wall surface is formed in the drying section 14, and a flow path 16 is formed in the drying section 14.
of grain is allowed to flow down. Hot air chambers 18 and exhaust air chambers 20 are alternately formed between adjacent flow passages 16.

Hot air is blown into the hot air chamber 18 by a burner 15 and a suction fan 17 as hot air generating means that are activated by operating the power switch 23, work selection switch 31, and operation switch 21 on the operation panel 19 shown in FIG. The air flows from the hot air chamber 18 through the flow path 16 to the exhaust chamber 20 side. The operating time of the burner 15 and suction fan 17 can be set to a desired time using a program timer setting section 25. Further, the temperature of the hot air in the drying section can be set using a temperature setting knob 27, so that the temperature of the four hot air can be maintained almost constant. This hot air dries the grains in the flow path 16.

Further, a temperature sensor 46 connected to the microcomputer 38 via an A/D (analog/digital) converter 45 is attached to the outer periphery of the dryer to detect the temperature of the outside air.

Furthermore, a humidity sensor 47 is located near the temperature sensor 46.
is also attached, the humidity of the outside air is detected, and the detected value is supplied to the microcomputer 38 via the A/D converter 48. microcomputer 3
8, the temperature of the hot air supplied into the dryer is controlled based on the temperature sensor 46 and humidity sensor 47.

A stop switch 29 is arranged in parallel near the operation switch 21, and the dryer 10 can be completely stopped by operating this stop switch 21. In this case, the initial data for operating the drying alO (moisture content of the grain, temperature and humidity inside the dryer 4110, etc.) are all reset.

The circulatory system of grains will be explained below. A low-flow valve 22 is provided near the opening at the lower end of the flow path 16 to allow dried grains to fall into the lower hopper 24. A screw conveyor 26 is installed at the bottom of the lower hopper 24.
is provided to feed grain to the lower part of the packet conveyor. The grain is lifted above the storage section 12 by a packet conveyor 28 and dropped onto a rotary equalizer 30. The grains on the rotary equalizer 30 fall into the storage section 12 under the influence of centrifugal force, and the upper surface of the accumulated grains has a mortar shape. That is, the grain is circulated at fixed intervals (circulation speed Vt). The appropriate unit circulation time for grains differs depending on the type of grain, and the grain changeover switch 33 allows the circulation time to be set according to the grain to be dried.

A moisture content detection device 32 is disposed at the bottom of the packet conveyor 28, so that when the packet main body 28A that scoops up the grain is reversed, a part of the grain is guided into the moisture content detection device 32 and the moisture content Gi is detected. It has become.

The moisture content detection device 32 measures the moisture content Gi of the sampled grains at predetermined time intervals (one hour in this embodiment) and sends the values to a microcomputer 38 (see FIG. 1) via an A/D converter 36. (see).

The grain moisture content at the end of drying to stop the dryer IO, that is, the target moisture content setting value Ga, is set using the moisture content setting knob 3.
6, and the set value is supplied to the microcomputer 38. The microcomputer 38 stops the dryer 10 when the target moisture content set value Ga matches the moisture content Gi of the grain, and stores the moisture content Gi of the grain at the time of stopping.

Here, the stopped state of the dryer 1O means that only the burner 15 and the suction fan 17 are stopped, and the microcomputer 38 controls the dryer so that the circulation system is not stopped.

The microcomputer 38 has a grain selection switch 3.
A circulation speed v2 lower than the normal circulation speed v1 determined in step 3 is stored, and when the dryer 10 is stopped, circulation is performed at this circulation speed v2.

In this case, all components of the circulation system (rotary valve 2
2. (screw conveyor 26, packet thin conveyor 28, rotary equalizer 30, etc.). In addition, when the circulation speed is set to low speed (v2), for example, the opening time of the rotary valve is shortened, or the screw conveyor 28 is
A part of the circulatory system may be controlled by slowing down the speed of the circulatory system.

The measured values of the moisture content Gi are sequentially supplied to the microcomputer 38, and can also be stored in a table based on the drying time.

Therefore, this microcomputer 38 calculates the drying loss rate m of the grain at an arbitrary drying time using the time a and the moisture content difference shown in FIG. It is now possible to obtain a predicted curve for future grain drying.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the microcomputer 38 calculates a set value Gb that is slightly higher than the target moisture content Ga, and when the moisture content Gi of the grain exceeds this set value Gb, the sampling interval is set to 20 minutes. It is supposed to be done. The microcomputer 38 outputs the moisture content to a display 42 via a driver 40. The display 42 retains and displays the previous display value until the next display value is supplied. Note that this display 42
In this case, the temperature inside the dryer, the remaining drying time, etc. can be displayed by operating the changeover switch 43.

Here, a dryer restart switch 44 is installed in the dryer 10, and the operation of the dryer 10 is restarted by pressing the restart switch 44 after the dryer is stopped. This restart switch 44 is a switch applied when the moisture content of the grain increases due to the grain being left and is dried again to the target moisture content Ga. In addition, the dryer 10 is configured such that even when the target moisture content is changed by operating the moisture content setting knob 36 to the low moisture content side, the dryer 10 is restarted.

This restart of Drying @io is restarted based on the moisture content of the grain stored at the time of the operation stop, and the setting conditions such as temperature and humidity inside the dryer are applied as they are at the initial conditions. The burner output is also ignited at an output equivalent to the output when the dryer is stopped (small air volume at high or low temperature).

The operation of this embodiment will be used below in accordance with the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, when the operation switch 21 is turned on in step 100, data such as the moisture content of grains are initialized in step 101. Next, in step 102, the drying 451 operation time set by the program timer 25 is read, and
Next, the target moisture content Ga set in step 103 is read. After reading these, step 10
4, the burner 15 and suction fan 17 are activated, and then, in step 105, the circulation speed V1 of the circulation system is read out. In this case, the value most suitable for the grain selected by the grain changeover switch 33 is calculated and read out by the microcomputer 38. When the circulation speed Vi is read out, the process moves to step 106, and the rotary valve 22. which is the circulation system is read. The screw conveyor 26, the packet conveyor 2nd, the rotary equalizer 30 are operated, and the grains are distributed at the circulation speed v1.
is circulated.

Next, while this drying operation state is continued, the process moves to step 107 at predetermined time intervals, where the moisture content Gi of the grain is read, and the process moves to step 108.

In step 108, it is determined whether or not the time set in step 102 has arrived, and if the set time has not been reached, step 1
10, the target moisture content Ga and the measured moisture content Gi are compared. Further, if it is determined in step 108 that the set time has elapsed, the process moves to step 119. Further, when the moisture content Gi of the grain reaches the target moisture content Ga in step 110, the process also moves to step 119.

If the grain moisture content Gi has not reached the target moisture content Ga in step 110, the process moves to step 112, where display control is performed, and then the process moves to step 114.

In step 114, it is determined whether or not the work selection switch 31 has been switched, and if it has been switched, the burner 15 and suction fan 17 of the dryer 10 are moved to step 115.
In addition, the operation of the circulation system is also stopped, and the process moves to step 118, where other work control is performed accordingly. If the work selection switch 31 is not switched, step 1
16, the operating state of the stop switch 29 is determined. If the stop switch 29 is not activated, step 1
03, the drying control is continued, and the stop switch 29 is turned on.
If it is running, the dryer IO will be stopped and all data will be cleared.

Figure 4 shows an example of grain drying control conditions.
If the water content is much larger than the measured value Ga, the water content is measured by sampling every hour. When the moisture content is below Gb, the moisture content is measured at short intervals, for example every 20 minutes, to prevent overdrying.

Further, the dryer IO is supplied with hot air at a large amount of high temperature or low temperature at the initial stage of drying operation, and is supplied at a small amount of high temperature or low temperature air at the end of the 1M rotation. Therefore, overdrying of the grain is prevented and the moisture content Gi of the grain can be easily reduced to almost the target moisture content Ga.
It can be done.

Then step 108 or step 110 to step 1
19, the burner 15 and suction fan 17 are stopped, but the circulation system continues to operate. In the next step 120, the circulation speed v2 is read out, and then in step 121 the circulation speed is switched to this V2. The circulation speed v2 is extremely slow compared to the circulation speed Vs. That is, grains that have been dried to a predetermined degree are circulated at an extremely slow speed.

This causes the grains stored in the dry filO to be agitated, making it easier for moisture to evaporate from the moisture-rich grains. In addition, this evaporated water is absorbed into grains with low water content, so that uneven moisture content is eliminated, and uniform grains can be obtained during drying suspension.

Next, in step 122, the target moisture content Ga is read again as Gc while the target moisture content Ga is stored. Next, the process moves to step 124, where it is determined whether or not there is a change between the stored target moisture content Ga and the newly set target moisture content Gc, and if the target moisture content Gc is set higher than the target moisture content Ga; If there is no change, it is determined that there is no need to restart the dryer 10, and the process moves to step 126. In step 126, the operating state of the restart switch 44 of the dryer 10 is determined, and the restart switch 44 is turned on (for example, when the moisture content Gi of the flour increases due to whether or not grain is released,
When it is desired to return to the target water content Ga again (on), the process moves to step 12B, and when it is off, the process moves to step 122.

Further, in step 124, the target moisture content Gc is changed to the target moisture content G.
Even if it is set lower than a, it is determined that it is necessary to restart the dryer IO, and the process moves to step 128.

In step 128, a new timer setting time is read, and the process proceeds to step 130, where the target moisture content Gc or the new target moisture content Ga is set.The process then proceeds to step 104, where the drying operation is restarted.

Here, in step 119, the burner 15 and the suction fan 1 are
When the dryer 7 is stopped, the moisture content Gi of the grain at the time the operation was stopped is not erased and remains in the memorized state, so the operation of the dryer 10 is restarted based on the conditions that were continued when the operation was stopped. That will happen.

Therefore, the operation of the drying AlO does not restart at maximum output, and defects such as cracking of grain shells due to overdrying do not occur.

In addition, when the set time of drying 4110 expires or the target moisture content is reached, the drying process is not completely stopped and is maintained in a so-called pause state, making it easy to fine-tune the grain drying state, improving drying efficiency and improving product quality. will also be improved.

In this embodiment, the operation of the dryer 10 is controlled using both timer control and comparison control, but if the timer is continuous, control can be performed only by comparison control based on the moisture content. In addition, when controlling the grain to be circulated at a low speed through the circulation system, the suction fan 17 was also stopped along with the burner 15;
This suction fan F may be controlled to continue operating.

In addition, the microcomputer 38 calculates the drying loss rate m and the amplitude of fluctuation described above when restarting the drying alO, obtains predicted data (predicted music M) for re-drying, and compares this with the moisture content Gi after re-drying. By doing so, abnormal output due to uneven grain temperature can be determined, and problems such as drying operation being stopped immediately after restarting do not occur.

Further, the dryer IO applied to this embodiment is a so-called large-sized dryer equipped with the rotary valve 22 and rotary equalizer 30 as described above, but the present invention is a so-called small-sized dryer as shown in FIG. It can also be applied to the dryer 50. This small dryer 5
0, only the screw conveyor 54 is provided at the lower part of the flow path 52. The grains dried in the drying section 56 are transferred to the packet conveyor 58 by this screw conveyor 54.
The packet is conveyed to the lower part of the storage section 6 by the packet conveyor 58.
After being lifted above 0, it is discharged to a storage section 60 and circulated (see arrow A in FIG. 5). A jump table 64 is attached to the top plate 62, and some of the grains that are vigorously discharged from the packet conveyor 58 reach the storage section 60 via this jump table 64 (see arrow B in Fig. 5).
), the grains fall approximately evenly onto the upper surface of the storage section 60.

Therefore, when applying the present invention to such a small-sized dryer A50, it is preferable that the speed of the packet conveyor 58 is high in order to make the jump platform 64 work effectively.
When the rotation is stopped, only the speed of the screw conveyor 54 is changed. In this way, the grain is circulated at a low speed (v2) when drying is stopped, and the moisture content of the grain can be made uniform.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the grain dryer operation control device according to the present invention has an excellent effect of making the moisture content of the grain uniform after the dryer is stopped and improving the finish state.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. fjS1 is a front view showing the internal structure of grain drying, Fig. 2 is a front view of the operation panel, Fig. 3 is a flowchart of drying control according to an unimplemented example, and Fig. 4 is an example of moisture content characteristics by drying control. FIG. 5 is a front view of a small dryer according to another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a flow chart explaining the present invention in detail. 10...Dryer, 9...Operation panel, 32...Moisture content detection device, 36...Moisture content setting knob.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A grain dryer operation control device that dries the grain to a predetermined dry state using hot air generated by a hot air generating means while circulating the grain at a predetermined speed through a circulation system, and the grain is dried to a predetermined dry state. A grain dryer operation control device comprising a control means for stopping the hot air generation means and for making the circulation speed of the grains circulated by the circulation system lower than the predetermined speed.