JPS63210188A - Method of gasifying solid fuel such as biomass - Google Patents

Method of gasifying solid fuel such as biomass

Info

Publication number
JPS63210188A
JPS63210188A JP4337887A JP4337887A JPS63210188A JP S63210188 A JPS63210188 A JP S63210188A JP 4337887 A JP4337887 A JP 4337887A JP 4337887 A JP4337887 A JP 4337887A JP S63210188 A JPS63210188 A JP S63210188A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas turbine
reactor
gas
exhaust
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4337887A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeshi Suzuki
剛 鈴木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Priority to JP4337887A priority Critical patent/JPS63210188A/en
Publication of JPS63210188A publication Critical patent/JPS63210188A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the thermal efficiency and to enable the utilization of a solid fuel, such as biomass, as a fuel for general gas-fired boilers, by reacting the solid fuel with an exhaust from a gas turbine for gasification through a fluidized bed reaction. CONSTITUTION:A raw material comprising, e.g., a wooden waste product is continuously fed into a reactor 21 while an exhaust from a gas turbine 12 is supplied through the bottom of the reactor 21. The reactor 21 is packed with fluid sand as fluid medium, and the raw material is gasified through a fluidized bed reaction formed by this fluid sand and the exhaust 15 from a gas turbine. The produced gas is taken out of the top of the reactor 21 and sent to a cyclone separator 22, where entrained fluid sand is removed by separation. The fluid sand thus separated is sent back to the reactor 21. The produced gas 23 passing through the cyclone separator 22 is supplied to a boiler 30, where it is burned with combustion air to generate steam. The exhaust from a gas turbine 11 is mixed in this combustion air for effective utilization of the sensible heat of the exhaust from a gas turbine, thus improving the thermal efficiency.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、木質系燃料や石炭等のバイオマス燃料又は都
市とみ等の固体燃料を流動層によりガス化する固体燃料
ガス化方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a solid fuel gasification method for gasifying wood fuel, biomass fuel such as coal, or solid fuel such as urban ash using a fluidized bed.

〔従来の技術〕および〔発明が解決しようとする問題点
〕 バイオマス燃料等の固体燃料を用いるボイラは、それら
燃料の発熱量が低いことや水分を含んでいることから、
一般にストーカ−焚ボイラによる大がかりな装置となり
、設置面積の増大や設備コストが嵩むなどの問題がある
[Prior Art] and [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Boilers that use solid fuels such as biomass fuels have low calorific value and contain moisture, so
Generally, it is a large-scale device using a stoker-fired boiler, and there are problems such as an increase in the installation area and an increase in equipment cost.

一方、それらの固体燃料をガス化し、その生成ガスをボ
イラの燃料とすることも考えられているが、ガス化に要
する熱量およびガス化剤に係るエネルギを考慮すると、
全体としての熱効率の向上に改善すべき余地がある。
On the other hand, it is also considered to gasify these solid fuels and use the resulting gas as boiler fuel, but considering the amount of heat required for gasification and the energy related to the gasifying agent,
There is room for improvement in improving overall thermal efficiency.

また、生成ガスをガスタービンの燃料とするガスタービ
ン発電なども提案されているが、ガス化過程で発生する
未反応チャーがガスタービンを損傷する恐れあるいは生
成タールによる配管系統への不都合の恐れがあるので、
ガス精製装置が必要になり、装置が複雑になるという問
題がある。
In addition, gas turbine power generation using the generated gas as fuel for a gas turbine has been proposed, but there is a risk that unreacted char generated during the gasification process may damage the gas turbine or that generated tar may cause problems with the piping system. Because there is
There is a problem that a gas purification device is required and the device becomes complicated.

本発明の目的は、バイオマス燃料等の固体燃料を一般的
なガス焚ボイラに適用可能にし、かつ熱効率を向上させ
ることができるバイオマス燃料等の固体燃料ガス化方法
を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for gasifying solid fuel such as biomass fuel that can be applied to a general gas-fired boiler and that can improve thermal efficiency.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、バイオマス等の固
体燃料を原料とし、これにガスタービンの排気をガス化
剤として作用させ、前記原料を流動層反応によりガス化
することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that a solid fuel such as biomass is used as a raw material, the exhaust gas of a gas turbine is made to act on this as a gasification agent, and the raw material is gasified by a fluidized bed reaction.

〔作用〕[Effect]

すなわち、本発明は、次の2点に鑑みなされたものであ
る。
That is, the present invention was made in view of the following two points.

■ バイオマス燃料特に木質系燃料は比較的低温(例え
ば400℃以上)でガス化し易いという点に鑑みてなさ
れたものである。これは原料自体にガス化剤として機能
する水分、酸素を保有していることによる。
(2) This was done in view of the fact that biomass fuels, especially wood-based fuels, are easily gasified at relatively low temperatures (for example, 400°C or higher). This is because the raw material itself contains moisture and oxygen that function as gasifying agents.

■ ガスタービンの排気は一般に500〜600℃程度
の温度であることから、上記の木質系燃料等のガス化に
適した温度である。しかも、排気中の酸素(02)温度
が15%であることから、ガス化剤の補助剤的な役割を
果し得る。
(2) The exhaust gas of a gas turbine generally has a temperature of about 500 to 600°C, which is a temperature suitable for gasifying the above-mentioned wood fuel. Moreover, since the temperature of oxygen (02) in the exhaust gas is 15%, it can play the role of an auxiliary agent for the gasifying agent.

したがって、本発明の構成とすることにより、つまりガ
スタービンの排気をガス化剤として用いることにより、
ガスタービン排気の熱回収が即ガス化エネルギとして有
効に作用するので、ガスタービン系の熱効率が向」ニす
るとともに、ガス化に要する原料の燃焼量が減少するな
どによりガス化の熱効率が向上する。また、ガス化する
ことにより、一般のガス焚ボイラに適用することができ
ることになる。
Therefore, by adopting the configuration of the present invention, that is, by using the exhaust gas of the gas turbine as the gasifying agent,
Since heat recovery from gas turbine exhaust effectively acts as immediate gasification energy, the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine system is improved, and the thermal efficiency of gasification is improved by reducing the amount of raw materials required for gasification to be combusted. . Moreover, by gasifying it, it can be applied to general gas-fired boilers.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on examples.

図は、本発明を適用した好適な装置の一実施例の系統構
成図を示したものである。図示のように、ガスタービン
装置10はそれぞれ同軸に連結されたガスタービン11
、ニアコンプレッサ12および発電機13とを有し、ニ
アコンプレッサ12から吐出される高圧空気により燃料
を燃焼し、その燃焼ガスをガスタービン11に供給する
燃焼器14とを含んで構成されている。
The figure shows a system configuration diagram of an embodiment of a preferred apparatus to which the present invention is applied. As shown in the figure, the gas turbine devices 10 each have a gas turbine 11 connected coaxially to each other.
, a near compressor 12 , and a generator 13 , and a combustor 14 that burns fuel using high-pressure air discharged from the near compressor 12 and supplies the combustion gas to the gas turbine 11 .

ガス化装[20は流動層型のリアクタ21とサイクロン
セパレータ22とを含んで構成されている。リアクタ2
1には原料としての例えば木質系廃棄物が連続的に装入
されるとともに、その底部からガス化剤として前記ガス
タービン12の排気15が供給されるようになっている
。また、リアクタ21内には流動媒体として流動砂が充
填され=3− ている。そしてリアクタ21内において原料は流動砂と
ガスタービン排気15とにより形成される流動層反応に
よりガス化される。その生成ガス23はリアクタ21の
頂部から抜き出されてサイクロンセパレータ22に導び
かれる。そしてここにおいて生成ガスに同伴された流動
砂は分離除去され、リアクタ21に還流されるようにな
っている。
The gasifier [20 is configured to include a fluidized bed reactor 21 and a cyclone separator 22. Reactor 2
1 is continuously charged with, for example, wood waste as a raw material, and the exhaust gas 15 of the gas turbine 12 is supplied as a gasifying agent from the bottom thereof. Further, the reactor 21 is filled with fluidized sand as a fluidizing medium. In the reactor 21, the raw material is gasified by a fluidized bed reaction formed by the fluidized sand and the gas turbine exhaust 15. The generated gas 23 is extracted from the top of the reactor 21 and guided to the cyclone separator 22. Here, the fluidized sand entrained in the generated gas is separated and removed, and is returned to the reactor 21.

サイクロンセパレータ22を通過した生成ガス23はボ
イラ30の燃料として供給される。ボイラ30に供給さ
れた生成ガス23は燃焼用空気により燃焼され、その燃
焼熱により蒸気を発生するようになっている。また、燃
焼用空気にはバイパス弁31を介してガスタービン11
の排気が混入されている。これは、前述したように、ガ
スタービン排気は燃焼に必要な十分な濃度の酸素を含ん
でおり、かつ高温であることから、リアクタ21のガス
化剤として用いた余剰分をボイラ30の燃焼用空気に混
合し、ガスタービン排気の顕熱を有効に利用して熱効率
の向上を図ったものである。
The generated gas 23 that has passed through the cyclone separator 22 is supplied as fuel to the boiler 30. The produced gas 23 supplied to the boiler 30 is combusted by combustion air, and the combustion heat generates steam. In addition, combustion air is supplied to the gas turbine 11 via a bypass valve 31.
The exhaust gas is mixed in. This is because, as mentioned above, the gas turbine exhaust contains oxygen at a sufficient concentration necessary for combustion and is at a high temperature. It is mixed with air and effectively utilizes the sensible heat of gas turbine exhaust to improve thermal efficiency.

また、バイパス弁31はボイラ30の負荷変動や、リア
クタ21の所要量に応じて制御される。
Further, the bypass valve 31 is controlled according to load fluctuations of the boiler 30 and the required amount of the reactor 21.

このように構成されることから、リアクタ21の流動層
中に供給された原料は、ガスタービン排気が保有する廃
熱(500〜600℃)をガス化エネルギとしてガス化
される。特に、木質系の廃棄物等の場合は500〜60
0℃で十分ガス化することから、リアクタ始動時を除い
て他のガス化エネルギが不要となることから、熱効率を
向上させることができる。なお、ガス化温度の高い原料
(例えば、石炭、都市とみ等)の場合は、ガスタービン
排気温度との差を液体又はガス燃料等の補助燃料を用い
て補うだけでよい。
With this configuration, the raw material supplied into the fluidized bed of the reactor 21 is gasified using waste heat (500 to 600° C.) possessed by the gas turbine exhaust gas as gasification energy. In particular, in the case of wood-based waste, etc., 500 to 60
Since sufficient gasification occurs at 0° C., no other gasification energy is required except when starting the reactor, so thermal efficiency can be improved. In addition, in the case of raw materials with a high gasification temperature (for example, coal, urban coal, etc.), it is sufficient to compensate for the difference with the gas turbine exhaust temperature using an auxiliary fuel such as liquid or gas fuel.

また、生成されたガスは固体廃棄物をそのまま燃料とす
る場合に比べ、取扱いが容易であり、燃焼性がよいこと
から、ボイラ30としては一般的なガス焚ボイラあるい
は自然循環型の廃熱ボイラを適用することができ、スト
ーカ焚ボイラに比ベボイラ設備を簡単で小形なものとす
ることができる。それらボイラで発生される蒸気は発電
や熱供給に有効に利用される。
In addition, since the generated gas is easier to handle and has better combustibility than when solid waste is directly used as fuel, the boiler 30 may be a general gas-fired boiler or a natural circulation type waste heat boiler. can be applied, and the boiler equipment can be made simpler and smaller compared to a stoker-fired boiler. The steam generated by these boilers is effectively used for power generation and heat supply.

また、生成ガス23をボイラ30の燃料としていること
から、生成ガス23に含まれる未反応チャーやタール分
によるトラブルが発生しない。この点ガスタービン燃料
とする場合には、未反応チャーなどによるトラブルを防
止する装置が必要になる。
Further, since the generated gas 23 is used as fuel for the boiler 30, troubles due to unreacted char and tar contained in the generated gas 23 do not occur. In this respect, when using gas turbine fuel, a device is required to prevent troubles due to unreacted char and the like.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、バイオマス燃料
等の固体燃料を、ガスタービン排気によりガス化したこ
とから、熱効率を向上させることができるとともに、一
般的なガス焚ボイラの燃料として用いることができると
いう効果がある。
As explained above, according to the present invention, since solid fuel such as biomass fuel is gasified by gas turbine exhaust, thermal efficiency can be improved and it can be used as fuel for general gas-fired boilers. It has the effect of being able to.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は本発明を適用してなる一実施例装置の全体系統構成
図である。 11・・・ガスタービン、  20・・・ガス化装置、
21・・・リアクタ、    30・・・ボイラ。
The figure is an overall system configuration diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus to which the present invention is applied. 11... Gas turbine, 20... Gasifier,
21...reactor, 30...boiler.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)バイオマス等の固体燃料を原料とし、これにガス
タービン排気をガス化剤として作用させ、前記原料を流
動層反応によりガス化し、ガス焚ボイラーに導くことを
特徴とするバイオマス等の固体燃料ガス化方法。
(1) A solid fuel such as biomass that uses a solid fuel such as biomass as a raw material, causes gas turbine exhaust to act as a gasifying agent, gasifies the raw material through a fluidized bed reaction, and guides the raw material to a gas-fired boiler. Gasification method.
JP4337887A 1987-02-26 1987-02-26 Method of gasifying solid fuel such as biomass Pending JPS63210188A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4337887A JPS63210188A (en) 1987-02-26 1987-02-26 Method of gasifying solid fuel such as biomass

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4337887A JPS63210188A (en) 1987-02-26 1987-02-26 Method of gasifying solid fuel such as biomass

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63210188A true JPS63210188A (en) 1988-08-31

Family

ID=12662160

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4337887A Pending JPS63210188A (en) 1987-02-26 1987-02-26 Method of gasifying solid fuel such as biomass

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63210188A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102002399A (en) * 2010-11-15 2011-04-06 国电长源电力股份有限公司 Fluidized bed gasification reaction method and reactor employing packed fuel
US9011724B2 (en) 2008-07-08 2015-04-21 Karl-Heinz Tetzlaff Method and device for producing low-tar synthesis gas from biomass
CN105889906A (en) * 2016-06-13 2016-08-24 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 Thermal-pulverization high-efficiency combustion device and method for high-volatile-component carbon-containing fuel

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9011724B2 (en) 2008-07-08 2015-04-21 Karl-Heinz Tetzlaff Method and device for producing low-tar synthesis gas from biomass
CN102002399A (en) * 2010-11-15 2011-04-06 国电长源电力股份有限公司 Fluidized bed gasification reaction method and reactor employing packed fuel
CN105889906A (en) * 2016-06-13 2016-08-24 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 Thermal-pulverization high-efficiency combustion device and method for high-volatile-component carbon-containing fuel

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