JPS63208507A - Cosmetic containing water-soluble extract of ganoderma lucidum karst. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic, containing a water-soluble extract having excellent blending property for cosmetics, drinks and health foods, by decomposing a fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. crushed while heating under a high pressure as a raw material with cellulase. CONSTITUTION:A cosmetic obtained by crushing a dried fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. under a high pressure while heating, powdering the crushed fruit body, adding purified water thereto, digesting and extracting the powder at 80 deg.C for 2-5hr, cooling the mixture, filtering the mixture, separating the mixture into a filtrate and residue, allowing the filtrate to stand in a cold dark place and refiltering the resultant filtrate to provide a filtrate as a crude liquid. The crude liquid can be directly used as a cosmetic, hairdressing, drink, etc., may be blended in a recipe or converted into the form of concentrate, powder, paste, etc., for use in a formula. Water is added to the residue and heat treatment is carried out. After cooling, pH is adjusted to about 5.0 and an enzyme (cellulase) is then reacted to provide a filtrate, which is used in the same manner as in the above-mentioned crude liquid. A water soluble extract having stability is obtained in a large amount by applying the afore-mentioned pretreatment.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [A] Object of the Invention The present invention provides a method for producing a fruit body obtained by crushing the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum (Basidiomycete, family Sarnofuscilaceae) under high-pressure heating, and then decomposing it using cellulase. The present invention relates to a cosmetic product characterized by containing a water-soluble extract.

(Industrial Application Field) The extract according to the present invention dissolves well in water and can be used in cosmetics (including hair products), as well as beverages, health foods, and the like.

In addition, the crushed Reishi mushroom obtained by pre-processing the final method can be used as Reishi mushroom for the front shoulders, which has been passed down since ancient times, by placing it in a teabag-type container and pouring hot water over it, making it easy to extract the extract. It can be used as a health tea, and its preliquid has a very good taste.

(Prior Art) The Ganoderma extract according to the present invention is obtained by crushing Reishi mushrooms with high pressure heat in advance and using the obtained powder as a starting material in its pretreatment. .

Since ancient times, Reishi mushrooms have been believed to have anti-cancer effects in the folklore, and the leaves of Reishi mushrooms have been used as a health tea.

Based on this history of folk application, we have used a hot water extract and an extract fractionated using organic solvents such as ethanol to treat cancerous tumors caused by Sarcma 180 in mice. It has been reported that an antitumor effect is observed when the resulting hot water extract is administered, and it has since been discovered that the main substance having this antitumor effect is a polysaccharide contained in Ganoderma lucidum. know.

Then, around 1975, neutral homoglucans extracted from Ganoderma and related fungi or fruiting bodies were developed as medicines, and were used to treat cancers of the digestive system, breast cancer, lung cancer, etc. It has come to be used for the purpose of activating the defense mechanism (agent) and strengthening the immune system.
Polysaccharides have been attracting attention as one of the active ingredients contained in Reishi mushrooms, and recently they have been used to suppress carcinogenesis caused by carcinogenic chemicals and viruses, and to strengthen one's own immune system. .

In Chinese medicine, Reishi is said to improve the functioning of the five organs (heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, and tablets) and help with aging. It is also said to help maintain a fair complexion and reduce memory loss. It is known as a tonic that prevents mental illness and increases wisdom.

The components contained in Ganoderma include extracts using hot water, ethanol, etc., monosaccharides, sugar alcohols, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides (atevinoxyloglucan, fucoxylomannan, galactomannan, glucan, etc.), other amino acids, etc. ,
Proteins, alkaloids, and coumarin-based substances have been confirmed.

When we investigated its application to cosmetics and health foods, we found that in Japan, it is known to use extracts using hot water, etc., or extracts extracted using organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, etc. Table 0 (Table 1) shows publicly known publications regarding Reishi mushrooms.

"Table 1: Location of publicly known publications (problems to be solved by the invention) Reishi mushrooms have a very strong chitinous structure. Since ancient times, reishi mushrooms have been harvested and then thoroughly dried. It has been known to use the leachate (front side) obtained by crushing something into small pieces, soaking it in appropriate water, and extracting it with hot water.However, currently, the extracts used in cosmetics and foods, etc. To extract it, use a strong hammer or the like, or use a pressurized cutting machine with strong blades to crush it to an appropriate particle size.
It has been used as a raw material for extraction either in a vitrified state or after being made into powder through a grinder. The yield of water-soluble extract extracted from this crushed Reishi mushroom was extremely small.

Furthermore, the extracts obtained by these methods have the disadvantage that they become insoluble in water over time, and many of them precipitate. Therefore, in order to prevent this, the present inventors, for example, have extracted with a mixture of water and ethanol, extracted with a mixture of water, ethanol, propylene glycol, etc., and filtered the solution, or used water. A method of preventing precipitation by adding a polyol solvent such as propylene glyfur to the solution extracted under heating. After concentrating the extracted extract solution, adding tuna fur, dextrin, etc. to form a paste. We conducted a method to create an inclusion compound with cyclodextrin, kirani, and cyclodextrin, and found that all of these methods can be easily incorporated into cosmetics, hair nourishing products, and foods.

However, when it comes to extracts that are soluble in water and stable using conventional extraction methods, the yield is low.

Therefore, the present inventors developed an extract that is widely used in cosmetics, hair nourishing products, and even beverages and has good stability against water.
We conducted research with the goal of obtaining high yields.

As a result, it was found that a water-soluble extract can be obtained in high yield from Reishi mushrooms crushed under high-pressure heating. Furthermore, even if the residue is subjected to enzymatic decomposition, water-soluble extracts can be obtained, and both extracts can be easily used not only in cosmetics but also in a wide range of hair cosmetics and beverages. Understood.

EXAMPLES Below, in order to demonstrate the present invention more specifically, examples thereof will be described.

[Mouth] Structure of the Invention The present invention is a cosmetic containing a water-soluble extract obtained from Ganoderma lucidum crushed under high-pressure heating as a raw material.

"Means for Solving Problems" The above-mentioned Reishi mushroom crushed under high-pressure heating is a means commonly called bomb crushing. If I explain the principle to Kira, I will put Reishi mushroom in a container that can withstand high pressure.
It is obtained using a device that crushes the contents by passing a cylinder through the container, compressing the cylinder, heating the temperature inside the container, maintaining it for a certain period of time, and then suddenly releasing the container. It consists of using raw materials that are This device has been used since ancient times to pop corn seeds using a device that operates on the same principle as when producing popcorn.

The inventors of the present invention have repeatedly investigated ways to efficiently obtain water-soluble extracts suitable for cosmetics, etc. from Reishi mushrooms using conventional extraction methods, and have continued to experiment with this method. I have found that it is the best.

In other words, if you try to efficiently extract an extract from Reishi mushrooms, in any case, it is difficult to obtain an extract from Reishi mushrooms in their original state, which has a chitinous structure and is covered with strong fibers. As a result, it takes a great deal of effort to shred and crush it, and it is especially difficult to shred it with a normal knife (shredder) due to its strong chitinous structure.

That is, the finer the material is cut, the easier the extraction operation becomes, and the extraction yield increases accordingly. Therefore, it was necessary to grind the reishi mushrooms in a warehouse using a hammer mill or the like, but the time required for this was longer than the time required for extraction, and the consumption of labor was also large. For this purpose, the present inventors also investigated crushing after treatment at ultra-low temperatures. However, it was found that many water-insoluble substances precipitated over time after extraction. On the contrary, we tried a prototype of crushing under high-pressure heating, and found that even if the surface of Reishi mushrooms was slightly scorched due to heating, it could still be used sufficiently, and it was also suitable for people in such conditions. However, it was found that the yield of the water-soluble extract after extraction was improved, and that an extract with little change over time could be obtained after being incorporated into the formulation of Kirani cosmetics and hair products.

"Example-1" Dried Ganoderma lucidum crushed under high-pressure heating can be easily made into powder using an ordinary grinder or mortar, so 1 kg of this powder is mixed with purified water. 15-25p
Add to the boiling point, stir gently, and keep the temperature at 80°C.
Digestion extraction is performed for about 2 to 5 hours, and after cooling, the filtrate is filtered and separated into the resulting residue, and the filtrate is sealed and incubated in a cool dark place or at 5 to 15°C - day and night. After the mixture is allowed to stand still, it is filtered again, and the resulting filtrate is used as a crude liquid.

This crude liquid can also be used as it is as cosmetics, hair products, and drinks. Also, for example, 117JI
Along with X agent (parabens) and fragrance, ethanol 5-10
%, it can be used immediately as a lotion. It can also be incorporated into known formulations and used as various skin cosmetics or hair cosmetics. It may also be used after being concentrated to an appropriate concentration, or it may be freeze-dried to form a powder or paste and then used in the formulation of cosmetics and hair products.

The yield of the extract obtained here after drying is usually 12~
It is 21g. The crude liquid has good solubility in water even if it is concentrated at low temperature to form a paste-like extract or a powdered extract by freeze-drying.

"Example 2" The residue separated in the process of Example 1 contains water, but there is no need to dry it, and approximately 100 g of the residue is purified. Add water at a ratio of about 1 to 21 parts, stir well, mix and heat, wait for cooling at room temperature, and after cooling, use hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to around 5.0! 1
Next, add 2.0 to 4.0 g of enzyme (cellulase), for example Cellulosin AC manufactured by Ueda Chemical Industry, set the temperature to around 40 ° C, and while stirring gently,
The reaction is carried out for 3 to 10 hours, usually about 6 hours, and after completion, the temperature is raised to around 80°C and the enzyme is deactivated by heating for about 30 to 40 minutes.Next, cooling is performed. hang on,
Filtration is performed, the filtrate is separated, the pH of the filtrate is adjusted to around 6.0 using a 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and then filtration is performed again to obtain a filtrate. This filtrate is used as a crude liquid.

This crude liquid can be used as it is for cosmetics, hair products, drinks, etc., but as shown in Example 1 above, it can be further added with preservatives (parabens) and 5 to 10% ethanol for one week. Place in an airtight container and store at low temperature (5-10
The filtrate obtained by allowing the solution to stand still at 100° C.) and then filtration again becomes a stable aqueous solution for a long period of time, both at high and low temperatures.

As for the yield, from 100 g of residue (water content 20-30%), when converted to freeze-dried powder, about 0.8 to 2.3 square parts can be obtained.

The crude liquid obtained by the methods shown in Examples 1 and 2 above both exhibited a clear liquid with a slightly yellowish brown color, and it was confirmed that amino acids and saccharides were the main components. For filtration, both solutions are subjected to low temperature treatment (wintering) and then passed through a membrane filter.
(0.45μ) is sufficient, and when 5 to 10% ethanol has been added to the crude liquid, it can be easily blended into cosmetics in general (including hair products), drinks, etc. becomes.

Next, regarding the stability of this extraction solution, looking at the pH in the solution, for example, a solution containing 5 v/v% ethanol and prepared with purified water to a total volume of about 100 to 20 liters is as shown in the following table. As shown in Table 2), p
H is particularly stable when it is between 4.0 and 5.0.

In addition, when using each extract (concentrate, dry powder) for the intended skin cosmetics, hair cosmetics, drinks, etc., in order to ensure stability in the formulation (compounding), The best optimum pH is preferably 4.0 to 5.0.

“Table 2” Optimal pH (stability) of crude liquid “Formulation example-1:
"Moisturizing Lotion" Crude liquid obtained in the process of Example 1 or 2 (ethanol 5
~10% of the liquid after filtration)...
...20-90% carboxymethyl chitin aqueous solution (chitin liquid)...5-8% ethanol 11@e...2-3% fragrance and preservatives...
・・・・・・・・・Appropriate Make the total volume 100 with the water at the end.

1 Prescription example - 2: Hair cream Liquid paraffin 40% cetanol Flavor 1% shea butter (Bioderma SX-19)・・・5% stearic acid・・・・・・
...5% Crude liquid φ obtained in Example 1 or 2
3-20% (or concentrate of the crude liquid obtained in Example 1 or 2, or dry powder...0.01-1.0%) Propylene glycol content...Φ...φ2% chitin liquid··
・・・・・・・・・5% fragrance and preservatives・・・・・・
... Make the total amount 100 with the water at the appropriate end.

1 Prescription Example - 3 = Skin Cream" Liquid paraffin・・・・・・・・13% shea butter・・・◆・−・10% stearic acid・・
...Fight...15% lanolin・9・e・・life・
・－・Death struggle－・4% Saran beeswax・・・・・・・・・
...φ2% polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate (20E, O,)---3,5% Crude liquid obtained in Example 1 or 2...3-5% chitin Liquid: 4% fragrance and preservatives...
......Appropriately, make the total amount 100 with the water produced at the end.

r Confirmation test for the action (effect) of the extract j In the present invention, the extract obtained by hot water extraction from Ganoderma lucidum after crushing under high pressure heat, and the extract obtained by enzymatic treatment of the residue, contain sugars and Mainly composed of amino acids, and in addition,
Contains a pigment component that gives it a yellowish brown color. These ingredients are considered to have a considerable moisturizing effect on the skin.

Therefore, the present inventors conducted a test on the moisturizing effect using the following method. The results showed that there was almost no difference in superiority between the hot water extract crushed by high-pressure heating (Example 1) and the conventional extract obtained by simply crushing and hot water extraction. It was found that it is available as well. On the other hand, obtained in Example 2 of the present invention,
Extracts obtained by enzyme treatment tended to have improved moisturizing performance. The specimens used in the test were solutions in which 5 w/v% of the powder obtained by concentrating and freeze-drying each crude liquid was added to purified water.

The test method is carried out using a skin moisture measuring device manufactured by IBS, and when it comes to measuring, one drop of the test liquid is dropped on the person's forearm layer within a 40-degree circumference, and this area is The moisturizing performance was determined by diffusing the sample into water and measuring the temporal change in conductivity (μmtr).

Figure 1 shows the results of the study. *Stop; Takegane Rokuji Since ancient times, in Chinese medicine, the effects of Reishi have been known to improve the functions of the arsenal and to improve the complexion of the face. It is known to do well. Therefore, based on the extract obtained according to the present invention, attempts were made to administer the extract by drinking and applying externally. When drinking, it is mainly used for those with a poor complexion.
ζIn the winter, I selected a monitor whose skin usually suffers from dryness and itchiness, and asked them to try it out.

The results showed that both ingestion and external application can be expected to have some effect on these symptoms.

In addition, for the test, the crude liquids obtained in Examples 1 and 2 were
The experiment was carried out using an aqueous solution that was mixed at a 1:1 ratio and adjusted to a concentration such that the evaporation residue was around 2 w/V%.

``Table 3, Effects of drinking or applying crude extract ('
! 5 in total at around 2 w/v%) On the other hand, remove the chitin liquid from the base of Formulation Example 3, and add the crude liquids obtained in Examples 1 and 2 to this as freeze-dried powders. A cream containing 2% of
I tried using it for several months, and the results showed that the use of the extract according to Example 2 tended to give a moister feeling. In addition, some respondents said that they felt that their complexion had improved.

It can be assumed that sugars and amino acids are the main moisturizing ingredients contained in the extract, but other pigment ingredients contained in trace amounts are also thought to be effective. Table 4 shows the results, and it seems that the benefits of incorporating Reishi into cosmetics include a certain degree of moisturizing effect and, as a positive effect, improving the complexion of the skin.

In other words, in Chinese medicine, it is said that taking Reishi mushrooms can enhance the function of the arsenal and cure poor complexion, but applying the extract directly to the face also produces similar effects. It was thought that there may be cases like this.

1 Table 4 Evaluation of application of cream containing 2% r Study from the viewpoint of contained ingredients j The use of Reishi mushroom extract in cosmetics and the like is already known as shown in Table 1. However, no other example has been found in which the extraction method according to the present invention, that is, the extract obtained by crushing under pressure and heat and treatment with cellulase, is applied to cosmetics or drinks.

The extract according to the present invention contains polysaccharides, amino acids, etc., and also contains pigment components. In addition, the extracts of Examples 1 and 2 often show stronger qualitative reactions when tested for confirmation of alkaloids and coumarin-based substances than conventional hot water extracts.

In other words, even if hot water or organic solvents are used to extract the hard and strong Reishi mushroom, conventional extraction methods yield only a small amount of water-soluble extract, and the stability of the extract in water is also poor. However, one of the reasons for this is that the strong chitinous structure that makes up Reishi mushrooms prevents sufficient extraction of the active ingredients by simply crushing them. However, the present inventors have discovered that by treating this strong chitinous structure with high-pressure heat crushing, the polysaccharide, which is a conventional water-insoluble polymer with an amm groove structure, is denatured and decomposed, resulting in a low-quality polysaccharide. Along with molecularization, the solubility of the substances contained in the fibers in water was increased, and the cellulase reaction also proceeded easily, resulting in an increase in yield and even higher yields. We believe that this is due to an increase in the content of sugars and pigment components in the extract.

On the other hand, research has been conducted mainly on polysaccharides as active ingredients in Reishi mushrooms, and it has been confirmed that they have anti-ambulatory effects against cancer and immune-enhancing effects. In addition to the moisturizing effect, the body uses the 0-order table (Table 5
Table) shows the freeze-dried powder of the crude liquid obtained in Example 1 or 2 and the freeze-dried powder of the hot water extract obtained by the conventional method, which were added to purified water at 5 w/v%. , was determined from the structural characteristics of the polysaccharide and the amount of hexosamine it contains.

The results showed that in both Examples 1 and 2, the amount was increased compared to conventional extracts, and especially in Example 2, the amount was increased.

"Table 5: Hexosamine content of extract (in aqueous solution containing 5 w/v%) Next, when looking at the effect (stability) on temperature of the extract according to the present invention, it is as shown in Table 6, Even under heating, there is little lees or precipitation.The samples were prepared by adding freeze-dried powder of each extract to purified water at 2 w/v% and keeping it transparent for 40 days at each temperature. The sample was stored in a sealed glass bottle, and visually observed to compare the presence or absence of lees, precipitate, and color tone.
It was used for judgment in comparison with the specimen stored at ℃.

[C] Effects of the invention The Reishi mushroom extract according to the present invention is composed of water-soluble components that have good solubility in water, and its yield is higher than that of conventional hot water extracts. High content.

Therefore, naturally, it is considered to be more effective than conventional hot water extracts in adding flavor to cosmetics and beverages.

In addition to hot water extracts, methods of using saccharides (polysaccharides) that have been processed with ethanol etc. as the main substance have been known for reishi extracts, but the yield is limited. , there were very few.

However, if high-pressure heating crushing according to the present invention is used as pretreatment,
The extraction yield is also improved, and a water-stable and soluble extract can be obtained.

In other words, if the product is extracted with hot water without pretreatment according to the present invention, or if the product is extracted with an organic solvent, a precipitate will form over time, and filtration will be necessary each time, even if all precautions are taken to prevent wintering. Even when added to liquid type cosmetics or drinking water, precipitation was observed.
For example, dry powder of the extract in purified water l w/7
% or more, this tendency was especially observed when the amount of the precipitate was added to the extract. A major advantage is that it can be easily incorporated into foods, beverages, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the moisturizing ability of the extract according to the present invention;
A is purified water, B is the extract according to Example 2, and C is Example 1.
D is a hot water extract obtained by a conventional method.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A cosmetic product characterized by containing a water-soluble extract obtained by reacting cellulase with a raw material obtained by crushing Ganoderma lucidum under high-pressure heating.