JPS63205546A - Automatic analysis instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit fully automatic high-speed processing by making selective use of the biochemical measurement by a colorimetry and the immunological measurement by a light scattering nephelometry. CONSTITUTION:The photocurrent from a spectral system 50 on the same optical axis as the optical axis of an incident system 26 is inputted through a current- voltage converter 52 to a multiplexer 54 and the photocurrent from a photodetector 48 for measuring scattered light is inputted via current-voltage converter 70 to the multiplexer 54. Further, the photocurrent from a photodetector 40 is inputted via a current-voltage converter 72 to the multiplexer 54. After the processing to select multiple signals is executed by the multiplexer 54, the signals are inputted through a LOG converter 56 and an AD converter 58 to a CPU 60. A reaction vessel 12 for biochemistry and a reaction vessel for immunity which is not shown are moved to an optical measurement position by a reaction vessel moving means 50', by which the biochemical measurement and immunological measurement and carried out. Computation to compensate turbidity in the immunological measurement and the processing of the measurement data are thus automated to permit high-speed analysis.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic analyzer that can be used for biochemical measurements using colorimetric analysis and immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry. related to automatic analyzers used in

[Prior Art] Conventionally, this type of automatic analyzer has been configured to be able to perform biochemical measurements using colorimetric analysis, immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry, and the like.

When performing biochemical measurements, the light emitted from the light source is guided through an input system into a biochemical reaction container containing a reaction solution for biochemical measurements, and the concentration of trace substances is determined by transmitting the light. The transmitted light is separated by a diffraction grating, and the specific component of the reaction solution is quantified by detecting minute changes in absorbance using a multi-wavelength spectroscopic optical needle or the like.

In addition, when performing an immunological measurement, the light emitted from the light source is guided by an input system into an immunological reaction container containing a reaction solution for the immunological measurement, and when the light of a certain intensity is irradiated, the reaction The reaction liquid is scattered by the immune reactant particles accompanying the antigen/antibody reaction that are suspended in the container, and the scattered light is focused and detected by a light receiving element, and the reaction liquid is determined by the proportional relationship between the light scattering intensity and the immune reactant. By detecting changes in turbidity,
A specific component of the reaction solution is quantified.

As the immunological foot-and-mouth method for antigen-antibody reactions, measurement methods using latex agglutination reactions can be applied. In addition, the intensity of transmitted light is also measured at the same time as the intensity of scattered light is measured, and the ratio of the two is determined to compensate for interference factors other than the amount of change inherent in the antigen-antibody reaction.

(For example, Katsuo Mitani, Clinical Examination, 30.11.198
6゜Temporary Special Issue: Special Publication No. 58-11575, etc.) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned conventional automatic analyzers cannot perform biochemical measurements using colorimetric analysis or light scattering turbidimetry. For immunological measurements, etc., it is not only necessary to use different specialized equipment for optical system, spectroscopic measurement system, scattered light measurement, etc., but it is also possible to perform measurements using the same automatic analyzer. However, there are problems in that the entire device becomes complicated and expensive, and it is not easy to handle.

The present invention solves these conventional problems,
Using the same automatic analyzer, it is now possible to selectively use biochemical measurements using colorimetric analysis, immunological measurements using light scattering nephelometric analysis, etc., and it is quick and easy to use, making all measurements possible. The purpose of this invention is to provide an excellent automatic analyzer that can perform automatic high-speed processing.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automated analyzer that performs biochemical measurements using colorimetric analysis and immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry. Reaction container moving means for selecting and moving a biochemical reaction container that stores a reaction solution for chemical measurements and an immune reaction container that stores a reaction solution for immunological measurements to an optical measurement position. an incident system for guiding incident light to the reaction container located at the optical measurement position; a transmitted light detection means for separating and detecting the transmitted light from the biochemical reaction container; It is equipped with a scattered light detection means for detecting and outputting scattered light from an immunological reaction container connected to the system, and is configured to selectively perform biochemical measurements and immunological measurements.

[Function] The present invention has the following effects due to the above configuration. In other words, the same automatic analyzer can be used selectively for biochemical measurements using colorimetry, immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry, etc., so the equipment is relatively simple and expensive. It has great practical effects, such as being able to perform high-speed, fully automatic processing without having to do anything, and being easy to handle.

[Example] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 1, (a) shows the specific structure of the main parts of an automatic analyzer that performs biochemical measurements by colorimetric analysis;
b) shows the specific structure of the main parts of an automatic analyzer that performs immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry.

The reaction container holding device 15 includes a plurality of biochemical reaction containers 12.
and immune reaction containers 13 are arranged and held, and are transferred to a desired position by reaction container moving means 50 shown in FIG. Furthermore, openings 14 and 16 for optical paths are provided on both sides of the reaction vessel holding device 15, respectively.

In FIG. 1(a), 26 indicates the incident system, and the light source 1
0. It consists of a condenser lens with lenses 18 and 20, a biochemical reaction container 12, and the like, and incident light from the light source 10 is guided to pass through the aperture 14 and be concentrated into the biochemical reaction container 12.

At this time, the biochemical reaction container 12 is moved to the reaction container moving means 5.
0 is positioned at the optical measurement position 17.

The lens 22 is provided on the transmitted light side of the biochemical reaction container 12, and the lens 22 is provided on the transmitted light side of the biochemical reaction container 12, and the lens 22 is provided on the transmitted light side of the biochemical reaction container 12, and the lens 22 is provided on the transmitted light side of the biochemical reaction container 12. A concave diffraction grating 30 and a plurality of exit slits 32 are provided on the Rowland circle 28 . Generally speaking, a photodetector 34 is provided on the back surface of the output slit 32, and thus constitutes a transmitted light detection means for separating the transmitted light and detecting the light.

The transmitted light that has passed through the reaction liquid layer for biochemical measurements housed in the biochemical reaction container 12 passes through the lens 22 and enters the entrance slit 24, where it is separated into spectra by the concave diffraction grating 30, and the diffracted light is is from the output slit 32 to the photodetector 3
4, the generation of photocurrent according to the amount of each monochromatic light is observed from the photodetector 34 at an arbitrary position, and the conductor 3
6, signals can be selected and used as a multi-wavelength spectrophotometer, for example, it can be used to measure 15 wavelengths.

In FIG. 1(b), the incidence system 26 designated by the same reference numeral as in FIG. 1(a) uses the same configuration as above, and a redundant explanation will be omitted. .

In this case, the immunization reaction container 13 is moved to the reaction container moving means 50.
is positioned at the optical measurement position 17 by the actuation of.

The above-mentioned positional movement is selectively performed in accordance with the measurement item.

The lens 46 is provided on the scattered light side of the immune reaction container 13, and a photodetector 48 is provided roughly on the optical path to constitute a scattered light detection means for detecting the scattered light.

When a reaction solution for immunological measurement stored in the immunization reaction container 13 is irradiated with light of a constant intensity from the input system 26, antigens and antibodies are suspended in the immunization reaction container 13. The scattered light is scattered by the immunoreactant particles accompanying the reaction, and the scattered light is transmitted through the aperture 16. The light passes through a lens 46 and is focused, and a photodetector 48 detects the generation of a photocurrent corresponding to the intensity of scattered light accompanying a change in turbidity.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1 (a), the Roland circle 28
An exit slit 38 and a photodetector 40 are separately provided above, and the transmitted light from the reaction liquid layer for immunological measurement stored in the immune reaction container 13 also passes through the lens 22. The diffracted light enters the input slit 24 and is separated by the concave diffraction grating 30, and the diffracted light passes through the output slit 38 and generates a photocurrent at the photodetector 40. Thus, it is possible to measure the transmitted light intensity at the same time as the above-mentioned scattered light intensity measurement and find the ratio between the two, thereby making it possible to compensate for interference factors such as hemolysis other than the amount of change inherent in the antigen-antibody reaction.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the optical system shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b).

In FIG. 2, it is shown that the input system 26 is arranged on the same optical axis as the optical measurement position 17 and the concave diffraction grating 30, and the immune reaction vessel 13 connected to the input system 26 is shown. By arranging the optical axis for measuring the scattered light from the optical axis at a predetermined angle with the optical axis, it is possible to measure a sufficient scattered light intensity.

FIG. 3 shows the basic configuration of a circuit for automatic measurement recording, data processing, and control of the automatic analyzer.

A photocurrent from a spectroscopic system 50 consisting of a multi-wavelength spectrophotometer located on the same optical axis as the input system 26 is converted into a voltage by a current/voltage converter 52, which is amplified and sent to a multiplexer 5.
4 performs selection processing on the multiplexed signal, and then is connected to the LOG converter 56, and the output signal is digitized by the A/D converter 58 and input to the CPU 60.

CP tJ 60 has ROM62. A RAM 64 is attached, and devices such as a printer 66 and an operation panel 68 are connected.

Further, the photocurrent from the photodetector 48 for measuring scattered light is converted into a voltage by a current/voltage converter 70, amplified, and connected to the multiplexer 54.

Roughly speaking, the photocurrent from the photodetector 40 of the spectroscopic system 50 is converted into a voltage by the current/voltage converter 72, amplified, and connected to the multiplexer 54.

Thus, using the CPU 60, the biochemical reaction container 12 and the immunological reaction container 13 are selected and moved to the optical measurement position, and biochemical measurement by colorimetric analysis and immunological measurement by light scattering turbidimetry are performed. The program performs automatic calculations such as turbidity compensation calculations in immunological measurements at high speed. It is possible to roughly perform data processing such as recording automatic measurements.

In this way, according to the above embodiment, biochemical measurements using colorimetry, immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry, etc. can be selected using the same automatic analyzer that shares the input system. Because it can be used, it has a relatively simple configuration and can perform fully automatic high-speed processing without making the equipment expensive, and it has great practical effects, such as being easy to handle. .

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention makes it possible to selectively use biochemical measurements, immunological measurements, etc. using the same automatic analyzer that shares the input system. It has practical effects such as being able to miniaturize the device due to its relatively simple configuration, allowing for quick, fully automatic high-speed processing without increasing costs, and being easy to handle. is huge.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the optical system of an automatic analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the optical system of the same device, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the same device. 12... Reaction container for biochemistry 13... Reaction container for immunity 11... Optical measurement position 26... Incidence system 50
...Applicant for reaction container transportation means Nippon Techtron Co., Ltd. Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an automatic analyzer that performs biochemical measurements using colorimetric analysis and immunological measurements using light scattering turbidimetry, a biochemical reaction container that stores a reaction solution for biochemical measurements and an immunological measurement are used. a reaction container moving means for selecting and moving an immunization reaction container containing a reaction solution for the reaction to an optical measurement position; and an input device for guiding incident light to the reaction container located at the optical measurement position. system, a transmitted light detection means for separating and detecting the transmitted light from the biochemical reaction container, and a scattered light detection means for detecting the scattered light from the immune reaction container connected to the incident system. An automatic analyzer characterized in that it is equipped with the following and selectively performs biochemical measurements and immunological measurements.