JPS6320518B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6320518B2
JPS6320518B2 JP59022394A JP2239484A JPS6320518B2 JP S6320518 B2 JPS6320518 B2 JP S6320518B2 JP 59022394 A JP59022394 A JP 59022394A JP 2239484 A JP2239484 A JP 2239484A JP S6320518 B2 JPS6320518 B2 JP S6320518B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
linolenic acid
lipids
bacterial cells
medium
acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP59022394A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPS60168391A (en
Inventor
Osamu Suzuki
Toshihiro Yokochi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
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Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP59022394A priority Critical patent/JPS60168391A/en
Priority to EP84306511A priority patent/EP0155420B1/en
Priority to DE8484306511T priority patent/DE3470061D1/en
Priority to CA000473158A priority patent/CA1235083A/en
Publication of JPS60168391A publication Critical patent/JPS60168391A/en
Priority to US06/929,601 priority patent/US4783408A/en
Publication of JPS6320518B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6320518B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はモルテイエレラ層の糸状菌を炭水化物
を炭素源とする培地に培養することにより、γ−
リノレン酸含有脂質〔中性脂質(油脂など)、極
性脂質(リン脂質、糖脂質)〕の高含量菌体を生
産し、培養菌体よりγ−リノレン酸含有脂質を採
取し、これからγ−リノレン酸濃縮物を得る方法
に関するものである。 現在、γ−リノレン酸あるいはその含有脂質は
つきみ草(Oenotbera biennisL.)の種子から採
取されているが、極めて生産性が低く、これに代
る植物種子油の探索など〔R.B.Wolt,R.
kleiman,R.E.England,J.Amer.OilChem.Soc.,
60 1858(1983)〕が試みられている。γ−リノレ
ン酸含有脂質を生産する植物はいずれも特殊なも
のであり、種子の集収も含めて生産性を高めるこ
とは困難である。これに対して微生物による生産
は太陽エネルギーが不必要であり、天候に左右さ
れないこと、大きな土地を必要とせず工場規模で
生産が行えること、生産性が高いこと及び生産量
を自由に制御できることなどの利点を有すること
が知られている。現在までにγ−リノレン酸を脂
質中に含む微生物としてはムコール・グロボサ
ス、ムコール・プシルス〔R.O.Mumma etal.,
Lipids,6,584(1971)〕、ユアネホラ・ククルビ
タルム〔H.B.White,Jr.,S.S.Rowell,
Biochim.Biophys.Acta.,116,388(1966)〕、ビ
チウム・テバリアナム、サブロレグニア・リトラ
リス、リゾパス・ストロニフア、リゾパス・アル
ヒザス、ピユミセス・ブラチエスレアヌス、ムコ
ール・ジヤバニカス、ヘリユステイルム・ピルホ
ルメ〔R.Shaw,Biochim.Biophys.Acta,98,
230(1965)〕、エントモフトラ・コロナタ〔R.O.
Mumma.T.E.Brus−zewski,Lipids,5,915
(1970)〕などが報告されているが、いずれの菌も
フラスコスケールあるいは小型培養槽による菌体
の増殖に際しては原料炭素源の炭水化物濃度は20
〜60g/にとどまつており、増殖菌体量も少
く、又生成脂質の含量も3〜30%であり、γ−リ
ノレン酸含有脂質の生産性としては極めて低いも
のであつた。 本発明者らは、モルテイエレラ属に属するイサ
ベリナ、ビナセア、ラマニアナ、ラマニアナ・ア
ングリスポラ及びナナの糸状菌菌株を炭水化物を
炭素源とする培地に培養して得られる菌体は、γ
−リノレン酸を全脂質脂肪酸中の2.0〜12%含む
脂質を乾燥菌体に対して30〜60%含有することを
見出した。しかも、この場合、細菌や酵母と異な
り菌糸で増殖する糸状菌は一般に通気撹拌培養に
おける菌体の高密度培養は困難とされていたのに
対して、モルテイエレラ属に属する前記糸状菌の
高密度培養が可能であることを見出した。すなわ
ち、モルテイエレラ属に属する特定の糸状菌が高
濃度の炭水化物を炭素源とする培地を用いての通
気撹拌培養において撹拌速度を早くすることによ
り、菌糸を伸ばさずに小単位で増殖し、γ−リノ
レン酸を含む脂質の含量が高い状態で菌体の高密
度培養が可能であること、たとえば原料炭水化物
(グルコース270g/培地)が30℃、72時間の菌
体培養により完全に消費され、増殖菌体量(乾燥
重量)100g/培地以上、γ−リノレン酸を4
%以上含む脂質生成量約50g/培地、脂質含量
約50%が得られ、その結果、γ−リノレン酸の培
地当りの生成量約2.0g、乾燥菌体に対するγ
−リノレン酸の生産性2.0%以上の値が得られる。 本発明は、モルテイエレラ属に属するイサベリ
ナ、ビナセア、ラマニアナ、ラマニアナ・アング
リスポラ及びナナの菌株を炭水化物を炭素源とす
る培地に培養することにより、γ−リノレン酸含
有脂質〔中性脂質(油脂など)、極性脂質(リン
脂質、糖脂質)〕を含有する菌体を生産し、培養
菌体よりγ−リノレン酸含有脂質を採取し、この
脂質からγ−リノレン酸濃縮物を得ることを特徴
とするγ−リノレン酸濃縮物の製造方法である。 本発明の使用菌はモルテイエレラ
(Mortierella)属のイサベリナ(isabellina)
〔IFO7824,7884,8183,8308,8309〕、ビナセア
(vinacea)〔IFO6738〕、ラマニアナ
(ramaniana)〔IFO8287〕ラマニアナ・アングリ
スポラ(ramanianavar.anglispora)〔IFO6744,
8187〕、ナナ(nana)〔IFO8794〕の各種菌株で
ある。 なお、上記した菌はいずれも財団法人発酵研究
所に保存され、IFOカタログ(菌株目録)に記載
されている糸状菌である。 上記の糸状菌を培養する培地の炭素源である炭
水化物としては、たとえばグルコース、フラクト
ース、サツカロース、糖蜜、デン粉、木材糖化液
などが用いられる。炭水化物は培地1中に60〜
400g用いられるのが好ましい。また窒素源とし
ては、例えば硝酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウ
ム、塩化アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウムなど
の様な無機窒素源、または尿素、ペプトン、酵母
エキス、コーン・スチーブ・リカーなど有機窒素
源が用いられる。無機塩としては、例えば
KH2PO4,K2HPO4,NaCl,FeSO4・7H2O,
MgSO4・7H2O,ZnSO4・7H2Oなどが用いられ
る。その他必要に応じて微量要素、その他の栄養
源を添加する。 上記の糸状菌の培養は通常液体培地で通気撹拌
培養などにより行われる。培地のpHは4.0〜6.0が
良く、撹拌速度300〜800rpm通気量0.5〜2vvmで
2日〜15日培養が行われる。かくして、γ−リノ
レン酸を含む脂質の高含量菌体が培地中に高密度
に生産されるので、培養物より菌体を分離し、γ
−リノレン酸含有脂質が糸状菌の菌体中に含まれ
るので、この菌体よりγ−リノレン酸含有脂質及
びγ−リノレン酸を採取するのが好適である。培
養物より菌体の分離に当つては菌体があまりのび
ず極めて小単位(1〜10細胞)で培養されてお
り、従つて、例えば遠心脱水器などにより極めて
容易に分離され、乾燥度の高い菌体(含水率約60
%)になる利点を有することも明らかになつた。 γ−リノレン酸含有脂質の採取は常法によつて
溶媒抽出などによつて行われる。γ−リノレン酸
含有脂質からのγ−リノレン酸濃縮物の回収は、
混合脂肪酸あるいは脂肪酸エステルの状態で常法
のたとえば尿素付加法、冷却分離法などにより濃
縮採取される。 かくして、本発明によれば、高濃度の炭水化物
を炭素源としてγ−リノレン酸含有脂質の高含量
菌体を生産し、生産された菌体よりγ−リノレン
酸含有脂質並びにγ−リノレン酸濃縮物を採取す
ることができ、本発明は生産性の高いγ−リノレ
ン酸含有脂質あるいはγ−リノレン酸の製造法と
してすぐれたものである。このことは特に現在植
物種子から採取されているγ−リノレン酸含有脂
質あるいはγ−リノレン酸の微生物からより生産
性の優れた製造方法を与えるものである。 なお、γ−リノレン酸〔18:3(6,9,12)〕
はリノール酸と共に哺乳動物では体内で合成する
ことのできない、食飼として要求される脂肪酸
(必須脂肪酸)である。これはγ−リノレン酸が
体内でビスホモ−γ−リノレン酸となり、さらに
はアラキドン酸となる前駆体であること、ビスホ
モーγ−リノレン酸、アラキドン酸はそれぞれブ
ロスタグランジン、E1,F1d及びE2,F2dとなり生
体中で極めて重要な生理的な役割をはたしている
からである。従つて、γ−リノレン酸含有脂質は
医薬品などとして利用できるものであることは明
らかである。 次に本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明はこれに
より制限を受けるものではない。 実施例 1 グルコース60g、KH2PO42g、
MgSO47H2O0.3g、NaCl0.1g、マルト・エキス
0.2g、イースト・エキス0.2g,ペプトン0.1g、
FeSO4・7H2O10mg、CaCl2・2H2O10mg、
CuSO4・5H2O0.2mg,MnSO4・4H2O1.0mgと窒素
源として(NH42SO43g,〔C/N比(炭素源中
の炭素原子重量/窒素原子中の窒素原子重量)は
約40〕を脱イオン水1000mlに混合した培地を基準
として炭素源である炭水化物(グリコース、糖な
ど)の濃度を増加させた場合、その濃度に応じて
培地成分を増加して、又窒素源を尿素などに変え
た場合は同じC/N比になるように培地を調整し
た。 この培地を10の培養槽で培養する場合には6
、30の培養槽では20仕込み、それぞれ菌株
を接種し、30℃の培養温度で所定の時間、通気量
0.5〜2.0vvmで300〜700rpmで撹拌して培養を行
つた。培養後遠心分離法で菌体を集めた。又、菌
体の増殖量、脂質生成量及び培地中の炭水化物濃
度の測定を行うため、培養の中間段階において所
定の時間毎に100mlずつ試料の採取を行い、口過
法により菌体と培地の分離を行つた。分離された
菌体はその一部を含水率の定量のため、精秤し恒
温槽中120℃で一昼夜乾燥し、含水率を求め、残
りの菌体について脂質の抽出を行つた。菌体から
の脂質の抽出は、残りの湿菌体にクロロホルム−
メタノール(2:1V/V)混液を加え、ガラス
ビーズ存在下にホモジナイズすることにより菌体
の破砕と脂質の抽出を同時に行つた。なお、抽出
を完全に行うため、これを5回繰返し、全抽出液
を集めた。上記抽出液をFolchの分配洗浄法によ
り精製した後、溶媒を減圧留去し、重量法で全脂
質量を測定した。菌体を除いた培地については高
速液体クロマトグラフイー(HPLC)により炭水
化物(グルコース、フラクトース、サツカロー
ス)の濃度を測定し、濃度が0になつた時点で培
養を終了した。 菌体から抽出し、精秤した生成脂質は一部を取
りメチルエステル化の後、ガスクロマトグラフイ
ーにより脂肪酸組成を分析した。残りの脂質につ
いて、ユニシルを充填剤とし、クロロホルム及び
メタノールを展開溶剤とするカラムクロマトグラ
フイーにより中性脂質と極性脂質に分離し、それ
ぞれの存在量を求めると共に、それぞれの脂質に
ついてもガスクロマトグラフイーを行い、脂肪酸
組成を求めた。 各種モルテイエレラ属糸状菌菌株について、グ
ルコールあるいは糖蜜を炭素源として各種の初期
炭素源濃度における窒素源及び窒素源濃度を変え
て10及び30培養槽により培養して得られた菌
体増殖量(乾燥重量g/)、脂質生成量(g/
)、脂質含量(%)、中性及び極性脂質含量
(%)、全脂質、中性及び極性脂質中に占めるγ−
リノレン酸含量並びにγ−リノレン酸の生産性と
して培地当りの生成量(g/)及び乾燥菌体
中のγ−リノレン酸含量の得られた結果を表−1
にまとめて示した。なお、培養時間として示した
時間は炭素源であるグリコースあるいは糖蜜が完
全に消費され、培地中になくなつた時間であり、
その時間で培養を停止した。 表−1では炭素源として用いたグリコースある
いは糖密が濃度100g/以上、平均200g/と
高くても菌体の増殖は早く、菌体濃度として40〜
156g/、γ−リノレン酸を含む脂質生成量と
しては13〜83g/、脂質含量としては32〜58%
の生産性が示された。また、生成脂質の脂肪酸中
のγ−リノレン酸は3.5〜11.2%とつきみ草種子
などの植物種子油中のγ−リノレン酸含量に匹敵
するものであることがわかる。中性脂質のγ−リ
ノレン酸含量は3.3〜11.0%であり、極性脂質で
は12.1〜23.7%とかなり高い含量であることが認
められた。γ−リノレン酸の生産性として培地1
当りの生産量を求めた結果では0.9〜3.4gと高
い生産性を持つことがわかる。 乾燥菌体中に占めるγ−リノレン酸含量として
も1.3〜4.1%の値が得られ、これも植物種子中に
占める値とほぼ同程度であることが認められた。 実施例 2 実施例1で示された菌株モルテイエレラ・ラマ
ニアナ・アングリスポラIFO8187の培養温度30℃
で66時間培養して得られた湿菌体900g(乾燥重
量270g)より100gの脂質を実施例1に従つて抽
出した。得られた脂質100gを常法によりメチル
エステル化を行つた結果、92gの脂肪酸メチルを
得た。この脂肪酸メチルの組成はガスクロマトグ
ラフ分析でパルミチン酸31.3%、パルミトオレイ
ン酸1.4%、ステアリン酸5.6%、オレイン酸44.7
%、リノール酸9.2%、γ−リノレン酸6.4%であ
ることが認められた。この混合脂肪酸メチルにつ
いて常法による尿素付加法を3回繰返した結果、
γ−リノレン酸メチルが48.2%まで濃縮された混
合脂肪酸7.2gを得た。なお、γ−リノレン酸濃
縮混合脂肪酸の組成はリノール酸45.9%、オレイ
ン酸4.1%、その他1.8%であつた。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention cultivates filamentous fungi of the Morteierella layer in a medium containing carbohydrates as a carbon source.
We produce bacterial cells with a high content of linolenic acid-containing lipids [neutral lipids (oils and fats, etc.), polar lipids (phospholipids, glycolipids)], collect γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids from the cultured bacterial cells, and use the γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids. The present invention relates to a method for obtaining acid concentrates. Currently, γ-linolenic acid or its containing lipids are collected from the seeds of Oenotbera biennis L., but the productivity is extremely low, and the search for an alternative plant seed oil is required [RB Wolt, R.
kleiman, REEngland, J.Amer.OilChem.Soc.,
60 1858 (1983)] has been attempted. All plants that produce γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids are special, and it is difficult to increase their productivity, including by collecting seeds. On the other hand, production using microorganisms does not require solar energy, is not affected by weather, can be produced on a factory scale without requiring a large amount of land, has high productivity, and can freely control production volume. It is known to have the following advantages. To date, the microorganisms containing γ-linolenic acid in their lipids include Mucor globosus and Mucor pusillus [ROMumma etal.,
Lipids, 6, 584 (1971)], Yuanehora cucurbitarum [HBWhite, Jr., SSRowell,
Biochim.Biophys.Acta., 116, 388 (1966)], Vithium tevarianum, Sabrolegnia litoralis, Rhizopus stronifa, Rhizopus alhizas, Piymyces brachiesreanus, Mucor jiabanicus, Heliusteilum pilforme [R.Shaw, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 98,
230 (1965)], Entomophthora coronata [RO
Mumma.TEBrus−zewski, Lipids, 5,915
(1970)], but when all bacteria are grown on a flask scale or in a small culture tank, the carbohydrate concentration of the raw carbon source is 20%.
The amount of microbial cells grown was small, and the content of lipids produced was 3 to 30%, which was extremely low in terms of productivity of γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids. The present inventors have demonstrated that the bacterial cells obtained by culturing the filamentous fungal strains of Isabelina, Vinacea, Lamaniana, Lamaniana anglispora, and Nana belonging to the genus Morteierella in a medium containing carbohydrates as the carbon source are γ
- It was found that lipids containing linolenic acid at 2.0 to 12% of the total fatty acid content were 30 to 60% based on dry bacterial cells. Moreover, in this case, unlike bacteria and yeast, filamentous fungi that proliferate in hyphae are generally difficult to culture at high density in aerated agitation culture, whereas high-density culture of the filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Morteierella is found that it is possible. That is, by increasing the agitation speed during aerated agitation culture using a medium containing high-concentration carbohydrates as a carbon source, a specific filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Morteierella grows in small units without elongating the hyphae, resulting in γ- High-density culture of bacterial cells is possible in a state with a high content of lipids including linolenic acid. For example, raw carbohydrates (glucose 270 g/medium) are completely consumed by culturing cells at 30°C for 72 hours, and the growing bacteria Body weight (dry weight) 100g/medium or more, γ-linolenic acid 4
As a result, the production amount of γ-linolenic acid per medium is approximately 2.0 g, and the lipid content is approximately 50 g/medium, and the lipid content is approximately 50%.As a result, the amount of γ-linolenic acid produced per medium is approximately 2.0 g, and
-A productivity of linolenic acid of 2.0% or more can be obtained. The present invention has been developed by culturing strains of Isabelina, Vinacea, Lamaniana, Lamaniana anglispora, and Nana belonging to the genus Morteierella in a medium containing carbohydrates as a carbon source. γ-linolenic acid concentrate is produced by producing bacterial cells containing polar lipids (phospholipids, glycolipids), collecting γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids from the cultured bacterial cells, and obtaining γ-linolenic acid concentrate from the lipids. - A method for producing a linolenic acid concentrate. The fungus used in the present invention is isabellina of the genus Mortierella.
[IFO7824, 7884, 8183, 8308, 8309], Vinacea [IFO6738], Ramaniana [IFO8287] Ramanianavar.anglispora [IFO6744,
8187] and various strains of Nana [IFO8794]. All of the above-mentioned bacteria are filamentous bacteria that are preserved at the Fermentation Research Institute and are listed in the IFO catalog (inventory of bacterial strains). Examples of carbohydrates used as carbon sources for the medium for culturing the above-mentioned filamentous fungi include glucose, fructose, succalose, molasses, starch, and wood saccharification liquor. Carbohydrates range from 60 to 60 in medium 1
Preferably 400g is used. As the nitrogen source, for example, inorganic nitrogen sources such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, etc., or organic nitrogen sources such as urea, peptone, yeast extract, corn stave liquor, etc. are used. Examples of inorganic salts include
KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , NaCl, FeSO 4・7H 2 O,
MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, etc. are used. Add trace elements and other nutritional sources as necessary. The above-mentioned filamentous fungi are usually cultured in a liquid medium by aeration and agitation. The pH of the medium is preferably 4.0 to 6.0, and the culture is carried out for 2 to 15 days at a stirring speed of 300 to 800 rpm and an aeration rate of 0.5 to 2 vvm. In this way, bacterial cells with a high content of lipids containing γ-linolenic acid are produced in the medium at a high density, so the bacterial cells are separated from the culture and
- Since linolenic acid-containing lipids are contained in the cells of filamentous fungi, it is preferable to collect γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids and γ-linolenic acid from these cells. When separating bacterial cells from a culture, the bacterial cells do not spread very much and are cultured in extremely small units (1 to 10 cells). High bacterial cells (moisture content approximately 60
%). The γ-linolenic acid-containing lipid is collected by conventional methods such as solvent extraction. Recovery of γ-linolenic acid concentrate from γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids
It is concentrated and collected in the form of mixed fatty acids or fatty acid esters using conventional methods such as the urea addition method and the cooling separation method. Thus, according to the present invention, bacterial cells with a high content of γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids are produced using highly concentrated carbohydrates as a carbon source, and γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids and γ-linolenic acid concentrates are obtained from the produced bacterial cells. The present invention is an excellent method for producing γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids or γ-linolenic acid with high productivity. This provides a method for producing γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids currently collected from plant seeds or γ-linolenic acid from microorganisms with higher productivity. In addition, γ-linolenic acid [18:3 (6,9,12)]
Along with linoleic acid, it is a fatty acid (essential fatty acid) that cannot be synthesized in the mammalian body and is required in the diet. This is because γ-linolenic acid is a precursor that becomes bishomo-γ-linolenic acid and then arachidonic acid in the body, and bishomo-γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid are brostaglandin, E 1 , F 1d and This is because they form E 2 and F 2d and play extremely important physiological roles in living organisms. Therefore, it is clear that γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids can be used as pharmaceuticals. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 Glucose 60g, KH 2 PO 4 2g,
MgSO 4 7H 2 O0.3g, NaCl0.1g, malt extract
0.2g, yeast extract 0.2g, peptone 0.1g,
FeSO47H2O10mg , CaCl22H2O10mg ,
CuSO 4・5H 2 O 0.2 mg, MnSO 4・4H 2 O 1.0 mg and as a nitrogen source (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 3 g, [C/N ratio (weight of carbon atoms in carbon source/nitrogen atoms in nitrogen atoms) Weight) is approximately 40] mixed with 1000 ml of deionized water. If the concentration of carbohydrate (glyose, sugar, etc.) that is a carbon source is increased, the medium components are increased according to the concentration, or When the nitrogen source was changed to urea or the like, the culture medium was adjusted to maintain the same C/N ratio. If this medium is cultivated in 10 culture tanks, 6
, 30 culture tanks were prepared with 20 strains, inoculated with each strain, and incubated at a culture temperature of 30°C for a specified period of time with aeration volume.
Culture was performed at 0.5-2.0 vvm with stirring at 300-700 rpm. After culturing, the bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation. In addition, in order to measure the growth rate of bacterial cells, the amount of lipid production, and the carbohydrate concentration in the medium, samples of 100 ml were collected at predetermined intervals during the intermediate stage of culture, and the mixture of bacterial cells and medium was measured using the mouth filtration method. I did the separation. A portion of the isolated bacterial cells was accurately weighed and dried overnight at 120°C in a constant temperature bath to determine the moisture content, and lipids were extracted from the remaining bacterial cells. To extract lipids from the bacterial cells, the remaining wet bacterial cells are immersed in chloroform.
A methanol (2:1 V/V) mixture was added and homogenized in the presence of glass beads to simultaneously disrupt the bacterial cells and extract the lipids. In order to perform the extraction completely, this was repeated five times and all the extracts were collected. After the above extract was purified by Folch's partition washing method, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the total lipid amount was measured gravimetrically. The concentration of carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sutucarose) in the medium from which the bacterial cells were removed was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the culture was terminated when the concentration reached 0. A portion of the produced lipids was extracted from the bacterial cells and accurately weighed, and after methyl esterification, the fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography. The remaining lipids were separated into neutral and polar lipids by column chromatography using UNISIL as a packing material and chloroform and methanol as developing solvents, and the amount of each lipid present was determined, and each lipid was also analyzed by gas chromatography. The fatty acid composition was determined. The amount of bacterial growth (dry weight) obtained by culturing various Morteierella filamentous fungal strains in 10 and 30 culture tanks using glycol or molasses as a carbon source and varying the nitrogen source and nitrogen source concentrations at various initial carbon source concentrations. g/), lipid production amount (g/
), lipid content (%), neutral and polar lipid content (%), total lipids, γ− in neutral and polar lipids
Table 1 shows the results obtained for linolenic acid content and γ-linolenic acid productivity, such as production amount per medium (g/) and γ-linolenic acid content in dry bacterial cells.
are summarized in. The time shown as the culture time is the time when the carbon source glycose or molasses is completely consumed and disappears in the medium.
Culture was stopped at that time. Table 1 shows that even if the concentration of glycose or molasses used as a carbon source is as high as 100g/ or more, with an average of 200g/, the bacterial cells multiply rapidly, and the bacterial cell concentration is 40~
156g/, lipid production amount including γ-linolenic acid: 13-83g/, lipid content: 32-58%
productivity was shown. Furthermore, it can be seen that the γ-linolenic acid content in the fatty acids of the produced lipids is 3.5 to 11.2%, which is comparable to the γ-linolenic acid content in plant seed oils such as chestnut grass seeds. It was observed that the γ-linolenic acid content of neutral lipids was 3.3 to 11.0%, and the content of polar lipids was quite high at 12.1 to 23.7%. Medium 1 as productivity of γ-linolenic acid
The results of calculating the production amount per unit show that it has a high productivity of 0.9 to 3.4g. The content of γ-linolenic acid in the dried bacterial cells ranged from 1.3 to 4.1%, which was also found to be approximately the same as the content in plant seeds. Example 2 Culture temperature of the bacterial strain Morteierella lamaniana anglispora IFO8187 shown in Example 1 at 30°C
According to Example 1, 100 g of lipids were extracted from 900 g of wet bacterial cells (270 g dry weight) obtained by culturing the cells for 66 hours. 100 g of the obtained lipid was methyl esterified by a conventional method to obtain 92 g of fatty acid methyl. The composition of this fatty acid methyl was determined by gas chromatography to be 31.3% palmitic acid, 1.4% palmitoleic acid, 5.6% stearic acid, and 44.7% oleic acid.
%, linoleic acid 9.2%, and γ-linolenic acid 6.4%. As a result of repeating the conventional urea addition method three times on this mixed fatty acid methyl,
7.2 g of mixed fatty acids with methyl γ-linolenic acid concentrated to 48.2% were obtained. The composition of the γ-linolenic acid concentrated mixed fatty acid was 45.9% linoleic acid, 4.1% oleic acid, and 1.8% others. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 モルテイエレラ属に属するイサベリナ、ビナ
セア、ラマニアナ、ラマニアナ・アングリスポラ
及びナナの菌株を炭水化物を炭素源とする培地に
培養された菌体より採取されたγ−リノレン酸含
有脂質からγ−リノレン酸濃縮物を得ることを特
徴とするγ−リノレン酸濃縮物の製造方法。
1. A γ-linolenic acid concentrate is obtained from γ-linolenic acid-containing lipids collected from bacterial cells of Isabelina, Vinacea, Lamaniana, Lamaniana angrispora, and Nana strains belonging to the genus Morteierella that are cultured in a medium using carbohydrates as a carbon source. A method for producing a γ-linolenic acid concentrate.
JP59022394A 1984-02-09 1984-02-09 Production of gamma-linolenic acid-containing lipid and gamma- linolenic acid Granted JPS60168391A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59022394A JPS60168391A (en) 1984-02-09 1984-02-09 Production of gamma-linolenic acid-containing lipid and gamma- linolenic acid
EP84306511A EP0155420B1 (en) 1984-02-09 1984-09-25 A method for the preparation of a fungal body and a lipid rich in gamma-linolenic acid therefrom
DE8484306511T DE3470061D1 (en) 1984-02-09 1984-09-25 A method for the preparation of a fungal body and a lipid rich in gamma-linolenic acid therefrom
CA000473158A CA1235083A (en) 1984-02-09 1985-01-30 METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF A FUNGAL BODY AND A LIPID RICH IN .gamma.-LINOLENIC ACID THEREFROM
US06/929,601 US4783408A (en) 1984-02-09 1986-11-10 Method for the preparation of a fungal body and a lipid rich in Y-linolenic acid therefrom

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP59022394A JPS60168391A (en) 1984-02-09 1984-02-09 Production of gamma-linolenic acid-containing lipid and gamma- linolenic acid

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JPS6320518B2 true JPS6320518B2 (en) 1988-04-27

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6225989A (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-02-03 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Production of phosphatidylcholine having high content of gamma-linolenic acid
CA1317901C (en) * 1986-07-08 1993-05-18 Yoshifumi Shinmen Process for production of bishomo-_-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59130191A (en) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-26 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Preparation of lipid having high gamma-linoleic acid content
JPS59205979A (en) * 1983-05-11 1984-11-21 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Preparation of mold of microorganism and lipid

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59130191A (en) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-26 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Preparation of lipid having high gamma-linoleic acid content
JPS59205979A (en) * 1983-05-11 1984-11-21 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Preparation of mold of microorganism and lipid

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