JPS6319673B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a split portable rig.
Wells for oil, gas, geothermal, water, etc. are generally drilled using a rotary drilling device called a rig.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the configuration of a conventional stationary rig. This stationary rig consists of a subtractor 6 which is a frame member installed on the ground G, a mast 2 erected on the subtractor 6, a crown block 3 which is a fixed pulley device installed at the top of the mast 2, and a crown block 3 which is a fixed pulley device installed at the top of the mast 2. A traveling block 4 which is a movable pulley device is suspended from the block 3 via a wire rope 12, a drill pipe string 9 suspended from the traveling block 4, a bit 10 provided at the lowest end of the drill pipe string 9, and a drill. A rotary table 5 installed on the substructure 6 for rotating the pipe string 9, a mud pump 11 for feeding muddy water into the drill pipe string 9 via a hose, winding of a wire rope 12, It mainly consists of a drawworks (winding machine) 1 that performs unwinding and raises and lowers a traveling block 4, and a blowout preventer 7.

The stationary rig constructed in this way excavates by applying a load and rotation to the bit 10 attached to the tip of the drill pipe 9. For shavings, use Matsudo Pump 1
The muddy water pumped by 1 is discharged to the ground. Rotation of the drill pipe is provided by a rotary table 5. Note that the blowout preventer 7 is installed below the substructure 6 as shown in the figure.
This is a valve to prevent oil and gas from spewing out to the ground.

The hoisting system is used to efficiently raise and lower the long drill pipe string 9 in order to replace bits or add drill pipes as drilling progresses. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a conventional hoisting system, which includes the aforementioned drawworks 1, crown block 3, traveling block 4, wire rope 12, and a dead line anchor that fixes the tip of the wire rope to the ground G. 14
It is composed of etc.

However, such stationary rigs are transported to and from work sites after being disassembled into their component parts, which requires an extremely large amount of time and money to assemble and disassemble on-site. is the current situation. In order to solve this problem and improve work efficiency, a portable rig in which the main parts are mounted on a single trailer or truck has been considered. A portable rig consists of a hoisting system, including a drawworks, a drive unit, a mast, etc., mounted on a special trailer, and is jacked into place after proceeding to the site for drilling, renovating, or abandoning a well. The trailer is fixed to the mast, and the mast is erected onto the trailer in a short time using the hoisting device of the bodywork, so that the designated excavation, repair, or demolition work can be started immediately. After the work is completed, the mast can be reassembled, the screw jack removed, and the mast can be quickly moved to another work site.

In this way, portable rigs are easier to assemble and disassemble (referred to as rig up and rig down) than stationary rigs.
is simple and convenient. However, when it comes to large-capacity rigs, when the hoisting system and mast are mounted on a single trailer, the overall size and weight of the trailer become extremely large, leading to poor bridge and road conditions. In countries and states where laws and regulations place strict restrictions on the passage of large vehicles, there are many cases where the vehicles are not legally allowed to pass or are actually impassable. For example, in Japan, the Ministry of Construction's Road Law Vehicle Restriction Order is in place for the protection of roads, bridges, etc., and the Ministry of Transport's Road Transport Vehicle Law Safety Standards are in place for vehicle safety.
In addition, from the aspect of traffic safety, the National Police Agency's Road Traffic Law and Road Traffic Enforcement Order have been established, and unless special permission is obtained, the maximum dimensions of vehicles that can be driven on general roads are, for example, 2.5 m in width and 2.5 m in length. It is 12 meters long and 3.8 meters high, and the total vehicle weight is limited to 20 tons.

Therefore, it is necessary to separate and transport the heavy parts of the rig, such as the drawworks and mast.
Among the hoisting system parts, the crown block and drawworks are connected to the mast. As for the hoisting system, as shown in FIG. 2, the crown block and traveling block are connected to the drawworks by a wire rope. For this reason, in order to separate the drawworks and the mast, in the conventional hoisting system as shown in Figure 2, it is necessary to wind the entire wire rope around the drawworks.
When the rig is next assembled and returned to its original state, it is necessary to pass the wire back and forth between the crown block and the traveling block several times. This work is done using a thin wire called a messenger wire at the end of the rope as a guide, but it is a time-consuming and labor-intensive work, which negates the advantage of a portable rig, which allows the rig to be pulled up and down in a short amount of time. become.

The purpose of the present invention is to improve such a split-portable rig, so that even if the capacity is large, rig up and down is extremely quick and easy, and the weight of the split parts is also small, making it easy to transport. Our goal is to provide portable rigs.

To achieve this object, the present invention comprises a mast having a crown block at the top and suspending a traveling block by a wire rope hanging from the crown block, and a drawwork for winding the wire rope. In the separable split portable rig, one end of the wire rope is removably connected to the draw works, and a winch is installed to which the other end of the wire rope is connected and winds the other end. The gist of this article is a split-portable rig that is characterized by:

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a winding system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts as in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this system, a portion 12a of the wire rope 12 on the draw works 1 side (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the work line) is wound up and unwound by the draw works 1, as in the conventional example. However, the tip of this work line can be attached to and detached from the drum 1d of the draw works 1. That is, after the entire amount of wire rope 12 has been unwound from draw works 1, it is possible to remove this wire rope 12 from draw works 1.

On the other hand, the side opposite to the drawworks of the wire rope 12, that is, the side connected to the deadline anchor 14 (hereinafter this may be referred to as the deadline) 1
2b is fixed to the death line anchor 14, and is further extended and connected to the winch 15, and is wound up by the winch 15.
It is said that it can be rolled out. Furthermore, this winch 1
5 is usually provided with a brake mechanism in addition to a drive mechanism for winding.

By adopting this system, the drawworks and mast can be separated and connected extremely easily and quickly. That is, in the conventional system, as mentioned above, the connection between the drawworks and the mast cannot be severed unless the wire rope 12 is wound around the drawworks 1. Therefore, during assembly, there is an extremely complicated process between the crown block and the traveling block. I had to do some wire work.

In contrast, in the system of the present invention, the drawworks and mast can be separated and connected by the following simple operation.

That is, to separate the drawworks and the mask from the state shown in FIG.
wind up. When the winding progresses and the entire wire rope 12 is unwound from the drawworks 1,
Remove the work line 12a from the drum 1d of the draw works 1. As a result, the connection between the draw works 1 and the mast on which the crown block is installed is severed and separated. Conversely, in order to connect the mast and the drawworks, the tip of the work line 12a is connected to the drawworks. Then, when the brake of the winch 15 is released and the draw works 1 is driven, the work line 12a is immediately wound around the drum 1d, and the connection between the mast and the draw works is completed.

Some conventional hoisting systems (Figure 2) have a storage reel installed at the end of the dead line, but this reel does not have a drive unit and the new wire rope held on the reel can be moved to the drawworks as needed. It only has the function of sending out data. In contrast, the system of the present invention is characterized in that, as described above, the winch 15 is provided so that the wire rope can be wound around the winch when the rig is brought down.

Next, a split portable rig that uses this hoisting system will be explained.

FIGS. 4A to 4G are side views showing the configuration of the split portable rig according to the embodiment of the present invention, and show the procedure for transporting it to the site and assembling it.

A trailer 16 on which the draw works 1, drive device 18, fuel tank hydraulic system 19, mast fulcrum 20, etc. are mounted is towed by a tractor 17 and transported to the site. (Fig. 4A) The mast 2 is equipped with a crown block 3, a traveling block 4, a hoisting wire rope 12, a dead line anchor 14, a wire rope take-up winch 15, etc., and is mounted on a trailer or truck 27 and taken to the site. transported to.
(FIG. 4C) In the figure, 14 and 15 are the aforementioned dead line anchors and winches (see FIG. 3), which are combined into one unit as shown. At this time, the distance between the crown block and the traveling block is the shortest, and they are fixed to the mast with a rod or rope so that they do not move and the wire rope does not get tangled. The end of the wire rope on the drawworks side is also secured to the mast. The substructure 6, on which one side of the mast is supported, is also transported on the track 25 (FIG. 4B). Since the substructure 6 is generally tall and cannot be transported as it is, it has a folding structure using parallel rings, etc., and is assembled upright using a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder or an external crane.

To assemble the rig, first the drawwork strainer 16 and the substructure 6 are placed in predetermined positions as shown in FIG. 4D. The trailer is secured, for example, by screw jacks 21, 22. If the work is not drilling a well but repairing or decommissioning a well, a rotary table may not be necessary, and in this case, the substructure 6 as shown in the figure is not necessary, and a mere mast support may be sufficient. The connection between the trailer and the substructure or mast support is by means of pins. Tractor 17
After transporting the trailer 16 to a predetermined location, it is moved and removed.

Next, the mast 2 is hoisted onto a trailer by a crane vehicle 28 and connected to the mast fulcrum 20a with a pin. (Fig. 4E) Winch 15 and dead line anchor 14
The integrated unit is removed from the mast 2 and fixed on the trailer 16. Next, raise the mast 2 using a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder or crane vehicle and attach the pin 6 to the mast support point of the substructure 6.
Join with a. (Fig. 4F) If the mast is a two-stage, three-stage, or more multi-stage mast, the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder or cable wire installed inside the mast is used to extend the mast to the working state. From there, ropes (guy lines) 23, 23a, and 23b are stretched to completely fix the mast. Finally, restore the hoisting system. That is, first, the work side 12a of the wire rope and the mask are untied and connected to the drum 1d of the draw works 1. Then, the traveling block 4 is released. The wire rope 12 is now ready to move.
While applying the brake of the winch 15, draw the wire rope 12 to the required length at the draw works 1.
Roll it into the drum 1d. Finally, listen to the dead line anchor. (Figure 4G) The disassembly procedure is as follows, and is basically the reverse of assembly.

After the traveling block 4 is lifted to the top, it is fixed to the mast 2 with a fall prevention fixing device.

Loosen the dead line anchor 14.

While applying a slight brake on the draw works 1, the wire rope 12 is wound around the winch 15, the work side wire rope end 12a is removed from the draw works drum 1d, and the end is secured to the mast.

Remove guy line 23 from mast 2.

If the mast 2 is multi-stage, the mast can be retracted using a cable wire or a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. At the same time, the slack in the wire rope 12 is taken up by the winch 15 and the dead line side rope 12b is secured to the mast.

The pin 6a connecting the mast 2 and the substructure 6 is removed, and the mast 2 is lowered using a multi-stage cylinder or crane truck 28.

The mast 2 is lifted by the crane truck 28,
Remove the pin 20a that connects the mast 2 at the mast fulcrum on the drawworks trailer 16.

Winch 15 and dead line anchor 14
Remove the unit from the trailer 16 and fix it to the back of the mast 2.

The mast 2 is lifted from above the drawwork trailer 16 by a crane truck 28 and transferred onto another transport vehicle.

The drawwork trailer 16, mast support 20, and substructure 6 are removed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a split portable rig according to a different embodiment of the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, a crane truck for hanging the mast is required to assemble and disassemble the rig, but in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a crane truck is not required.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the drawworks 1 and the mast 2 are mounted on separate dedicated trailers as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. As shown in FIG. 5C, the rear parts of the trailers 16 and 26 are connected together, and the mast 2 and the mast support of the drawworks 1 are connected with the pin 20b, and then the mast 2 is raised on the trailer 16 using the drawworks 1.
The method of returning the hoisting system in this embodiment is the same as the example shown in FIG. FIG. 5D shows the state after assembly.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is suitable for use when there is enough space around a well to connect and arrange crane trucks in the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG. 5C.

In any of the above embodiments, the mast 2 is the guy line 2.
Although a lean-back type mast that provides the tension of the overturning moment is employed in the mast 3, the present invention is not limited to this, and a jack-knife type mast or a self-supporting mast can be similarly adopted.
Note that in the case of a self-supporting mast, the weight is larger than that of a lean-back type, and therefore the weight restriction becomes more severe, so the configuration of the present invention is highly effective.

As detailed above, the split transportable rig of the present invention allows the drawworks to be transported separately from the mast, and also eliminates the need to connect and disconnect wires between the crown block and traveling block when assembling and splitting the rig. Rig-up and rig-down can be performed extremely easily and quickly.

In addition, it has become possible to bring portable rigs to drilling and refurbishment work sites where conventionally it was impossible to bring in portable rigs and where stationary rigs had to be used. Labor effort is significantly reduced. In addition, trailer load,
Due to the smaller dimensions, preparation of the trailer approach road,
Excellent effects such as requiring less reinforcement are achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a stationary rig, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional hoisting system, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a hoisting system of the present invention, FIGS. 4A-G and 5A-
D is an explanatory diagram for assembling a rig according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Drawworks, 2... Mast, 3... Crown block, 4... Triveling block, 5... Rotary table, 6... Substructure, 7...
Blowout preventer, 8...Casing, 9...Drill pipe string, 10...Bit, 11...Matsudo pump,
12... wire rope, 14... dead line anchor, 15... winch, 16... trailer, 17... tractor, 18... drive device, 20... mast support, 21, 22... screw jack, 23... guy line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A split portable rig in which the mast, which has a crown block at the top and suspends the traveling block by a wire rope hanging from the crown block, and the drawworks for winding the wire rope are separable; A split portable rig, characterized in that one end of the wire rope is removably connected to the drawworks, and the other end of the wire rope is connected to a winch that winds up the other end.