JPS63182241A - Manufacture of gravel from garbage incinerated ash - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Purpose of the Invention) A. Field of Industrial Application The present invention creates gravel using the incineration ash generated after incinerating garbage discharged from ordinary households, and It is intended to be used as aggregate for concrete construction of general buildings, including roadbed materials.

However, the conventional technology involves simply melting the garbage incineration ash and rapidly cooling it.
Techniques are known in which coarse particles are mixed with natural sand and used for roadbed materials.

In order to solve the problem that this invention aims to solve, the garbage generated by ordinary households is truly miscellaneous, from specific businesses and empty cans to metal toys and fragments of ceramics.

The incineration method is almost the same for each local government.
The garbage is passed through a high-temperature rotary furnace at a temperature of about 0 degrees Celsius at a constant speed, and incinerated during that time. It is undergoing cooling treatment.

With this method, only about 50% of the flame retardant material is present, and only enough to destroy glass and ceramics, and only enough to deform metals is the powdery residue caused by flammable materials. It is discharged together with the ash as incineration ash.

When the incineration ash is discharged, magnetic force is used to automatically sort out iron and other metals, but those covered with fine powder ash are obstructed by the magnetic force and are discharged as they are.

These incinerated ash are collectively disposed of in landfills on idle land, but the amount of incinerated ash discharged is around 20,000 tons per year even in medium-sized cities with a population of 300,000 to 400,000, for example. Most cities have reached this point by filling in idle land around them, and recently most of that land has been used up and people are scrambling to find new depopulated land. They are struggling to come up with countermeasures.

Furthermore, since incineration ash contains a considerable amount of organic mercury, dioxins, and many other harmful substances, these harmful substances permeate underground through rainfall and gradually reach deep underground. If the groundwater were to develop into a situation of total contamination, and if this situation were to continue throughout the country, drastic countermeasures would have to be taken as a matter of urgency.

In response to such a situation, a known technology has developed a method of melting incineration ash, separately distilling harmful substances in the process, and converting it into sand-like coarse particles for use in roadbed materials, etc., which is a significant advance. .

However, the coarse particles created in this way are glass-like, brittle, and have a light specific gravity, so it is impossible to use them alone as a roadbed material, so they are mixed in an appropriate amount with natural sand. Because it is used as a food, there is a limit to how much it can be digested.

On the other hand, the situation in our country, which is currently undergoing a period of major change in the industrial structure, is that the construction of various buildings and residential land has become active due to the policy of expanding domestic demand, and as a result, the demand for gravel is increasing even further. Due to the ban on the extraction of natural river gravel, the industry has been forced to turn to crushed gravel for supply, and this industry is struggling.

Under these circumstances, if it becomes possible to further advance the known technology and turn it into gravel, all of the incineration ash, which the entire country is struggling to dispose of, will be transformed into gravel, which is in desperate need. The benefits of this are truly enormous.

Measures to solve the 28 problems When the garbage incineration ash is heated to 1500 degrees, most of the various metals, ceramic shards, and glass remaining in the incineration ash are melted, and at the same time, the harmful substances contained are separately treated. When the metals are separated and removed from the melt, the contents are roughly divided into silicon compounds from ceramic fragments and glass, carbon compounds from combustible materials, and a small amount of calcium compounds.

Therefore, it has been determined that if this is mixed with an appropriate amount of calcium-based additives, fused for an appropriate amount of time and at high heat, and then slowly cooled and hardened, it can become a petrified material with considerable strength.

(Structure of the Invention) As a result of examining the amount of processing heat related to the mineralization treatment of incinerated ash and the calcium-based substances to be added and fused using a large amount of experimental data, it was found that the additive substance was used as cement at around 1200 degrees Celsius. It was discovered that by melting it for a certain period of time and then slowly cooling it, it was possible to create a stone-like hardened product with strength comparable to natural stone.

However, at around 1200 degrees, it is impossible to completely melt the intervening metals and ceramic fragments, and some of them remain as unmolten residue, so in order to completely melt them.
When heated to around 00 degrees, the original shapes of ceramic fragments and glass are completely destroyed and they fuse together, and various metals are also completely melted and settle to the bottom of the melting container and become integrated, but there is a problem here. This situation occurs because a large amount of combustible flame retardant substances present in the incineration ash burn violently and generate a large amount of gas, and even if this is slowly cooled, a large amount of gas is still generated during slow cooling. The stone-like hardened material contains many cavities due to air bubbles, which makes it brittle.

Also, in order to make an ideal stone-like hardened product, 1
At this point, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature is around 200 degrees, complete melting of ceramic fragments and glass, treatment of generated gas, and means of removing various metals all at once. The present invention has found an unexpected solution after much consideration.

In the present invention, first, only the incineration ash is heated to around 1500 degrees, and then it is naturally cooled and hardened, and all of the ceramic fragments, glass, and similar substances are burned and melted to form a dark brown glass-like hardened product. The various metals are also completely melted and integrated into an alloy, which settles to the bottom with a specific gravity ratio to form a metal lump that is separated from the dark brown glass-like cured product.

Furthermore, once the cured product has been subjected to high heat treatment to around 1,500 degrees Celsius, if it is reheated to around 1,200 degrees Celsius, the combustible material at that point has already been burned out, so let's take a look again. There is no risk of gas generation.

At this point, when the black-brown glassy hardened material and cement are mixed and heated again to around 1200 degrees, a small amount of gas is generated due to a small amount of flammable material present in the cement, but this occurs over a certain period of time. As a result, the molten material is almost completely burned out, and when it is slowly cooled and hardened, it becomes a grayish-brown stone, creating a stone mass that is exactly the same in appearance and strength as natural stone, but with some cavities. The unconfined compressive strength of these rocks is about 800 kg/cnl, which is comparable to the average axial compressive strength of granite from the late Cretaceous period onward, which is a plutonic natural rock. It can of course be used satisfactorily as a roadbed material and as a concrete aggregate for general construction.

8 Effects of the Invention With the present invention, the large amount of garbage incineration ash in general cities, which are struggling with underground pollution throughout the country and its treatment measures, will be turned around and used for gravel, where the supply and demand relationship is becoming increasingly tight. As a result, it truly becomes a nationally important gospel.

However, when we simply compare the manufacturing costs of the gravel produced according to the present invention, it is a shame that it comes down to the economic factors due to the considerable difference, but this is an overly short-sighted view.

This is because most of the land currently being reclaimed by local governments is privately owned land, which is leased, excavated to a considerable depth, and then topped with a certain amount of topsoil to blend with the surrounding soil. Since the land is being restored and returned to the same condition, the land rental fees and transportation and landfill fees are enormous.

Furthermore, the amount of alloyed materials recovered from the incineration ash is approximately 20%, and this amount is compensated for by being converted into cash for other uses such as cast iron fillers. be.

We believe that the differences that still remain due to these factors should be treated as a national problem and should be subject to special collection of garbage disposal fees by each local government and subsidies from each local government and the national treasury.

that's all Continuing amendment March 5, 1986

Claims (1)

[Claims] Various types of waste incineration ash generated in cities are once heated and melted to around 1500 degrees, the gas generated at that point is treated, natural cooling is made into a hardened body, and the hardened body is precipitated at a specific gravity ratio in the hardened body. Synthesis of metal The metal lump is removed to create a hardened body of incinerated ash, and the hardened incinerated ash is mixed with an appropriate amount of cement, heated and melted at around 1200 degrees for a certain period of time, and then the heating is stopped and slowly cooled and hardened. A method for producing gravel using garbage incineration ash, which is characterized by creating stone-like lumps, which are then crushed to become gravel.