JPS63177008A - Apparatus for measuring unevenness of tread surface of rail - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance measuring accuracy and to achieve handling convenience, by using a detector using laser beams as a reference line and measuring an interval on the basis of the change in electrostatic capacity. CONSTITUTION:A reference setting part 20 is fixed to a rail 20 and height reference laser beam 24 is set at the position definite in a height from the tread surface of the rail 1. An inspection car body 8 is constituted by mounting a gap sensor 10 detecting the height of the truck self-runnable on the rail to the tread surface of the rail, an image sensor 11 receiving the beam 24 to detect the height change quantity of the truck and a rotary encoder recording the moving distance of the truck. The output signals of the sensors 10, 11 are inputted to CPU to calculate the data of the interval between the sensor 10 and the tread surface of the rail and the positional variation data of the chasis to the beam 24 and the difference between both data is operated and outputted as a value showing the real unevenness of the tread surface of the rail. At the same time, the data signal of the angle of rotation of an axle obtained by the rotary encoder is taken in a CPU and converted to the moving distance of the chasis to be recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a rail tread surface unevenness measuring device that measures minute irregularities caused by wear on a rail tread surface. [Conventional technology]

The rails that make up a railway track are subject to gradual and average wear due to the constant passage of trains; (hereinafter referred to as rail tread)
It has become clear that unevenness occurs, which affects wheel load fluctuations and noise generation. Therefore, the unevenness of the rail tread surface is measured and, if necessary, the rail surface is ground. Measuring the unevenness of the rail tread requires a resolution of about 10 microns over a length of about 2 m. Conventionally, there is a rail tread measuring device 40 shown in FIG. 4 as a device for measuring the unevenness of a rail tread. In FIG. It is attached to the rail l by a fixture 42. A detector 43 shown in Figure (b) is slidably attached to the reference part 41, and when it is moved manually, the detection roller 44 moves up and down according to the unevenness of the rail, and the recording needle 45 moves the detector 43 onto the roll paper 46. The uneven curve is recorded. Disadvantages of such mechanical measuring instruments are that it is difficult to understand and correct errors caused by the accuracy of the detection roller and deflection or deformation of the reference part, and it is heavy because it requires a long beam, and it is inconvenient to handle because it is manual. It is. [Objective of the invention 1 This invention replaces the conventional mechanical rail tread measuring device,
The object of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled measuring device using a motor as a transportation method, in order to improve the measurement accuracy by using an electronic detection method, and to make handling convenient. [Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention, a laser beam is used as a reference line instead of a conventional beam. This eliminates errors due to bending or deformation, and it is also lightweight. Next, to detect the unevenness, a detector called a gap sensor is used, which measures the gap based on changes in capacitance. This gap sensor is attached to a motor-driven self-propelled vehicle body. During measurement, vibrations occur in the vehicle body due to movement or running, and the position of the gap sensor is displaced with respect to the rail, causing an error. This is corrected by referring to the reference line created by the laser beam, and the true unevenness of the rail tread is accurately measured. In order to correspond to the position of the rail tread in the measurement data,
An encoder is directly connected to the axle to measure the rotation angle, and from this the distance traveled is determined. Each data obtained above is processed by a microcomputer and recorded by a recorder.

【Example】

FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are structural diagrams of a detection vehicle body 8 equipped with a detector of a rail road surface measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG.
) is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the rail, and figure (b) is a plan view. The vehicle body has two axes and four wheels, and the rotational force of the motor 5 is transmitted to the driving wheels 3 via the gear 6, so that the vehicle can run on its own. Guide rollers 7 are used to support the vehicle body so that the vehicle body does not come off the rails 1 and can be measured stably. A rotary encoder 9 is attached to the axle of the running wheel 4 via a suitable gear to measure the distance traveled. A gap sensor 10 is fixed to the center of a floor plate 2a connecting two bogie frames 2, and measures the distance between the lower surface of the floor plate 2a and the rail road surface. Its accuracy is on the order of microns. Figure (b)
As shown in FIG. 2, an image sensor 11 is provided at a position where it receives a reference laser beam 24 from a reference section 20, which will be described next. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the detection vehicle body 8 and the reference setting section 20 in the rail tread unevenness measuring device according to the present invention are attached to the rail l, and the reference setting section 20 is detachably attached to one end of the rail l to be measured. Fixed. In the reference setting section 20, the laser beam of the laser tube 21 is made into a parallel beam by a collimating lens 22, and is further converted into a parallel beam by a slit 23.
The reference laser beam 24 is made thinner by the reference laser beam 24. In this case, the important point is that the reference laser beam 24 and the rail l are correctly parallel to each other, which means that the image sensor 11
It is adjusted by FIG. 3 shows a block configuration diagram of the detection vehicle body 8, the signal processing section 30, etc. that processes detection data. The output signal of the gap sensor 10 is digitized by the A/D converter 32, and the level of the output signal of the image sensor 11 is adjusted by the amplifier 12, and each is input to the microcomputer 31. From these signals, data on the distance between the gap sensor lO and the rail tread surface and data on fluctuations in the vehicle body position with respect to the reference laser beam 24 are also obtained, and the former is corrected using the latter. That is, these differences are calculated and output as representing the true unevenness of the rail road surface. At the same time, the data signal of the rotation angle of the axle obtained by the rotary encoder 9 is taken into the microcomputer 31, converted into the moving distance of the vehicle body, and is recorded in the recorder 34 together with data on the unevenness. Note that a DC power supply section 33 is provided as a power supply for each section. [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, if the rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to the present invention is used, it is not only convenient to handle because it is a self-propelled system, but also easy to move, compared to the conventional manual method. Even if vibration occurs in the vehicle body, the error is small because it is corrected using a precise reference line using a laser beam, and when combined with distance measurement using a gap sensor, it is possible to measure unevenness with much higher precision than before. . . By using such a device to measure the unevenness of the rail tread surface, efficient rail management can be achieved, and its effects are significant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are structural diagrams of a detection vehicle body of a tread irregularity measuring device according to the present invention, where FIG. 1(a) is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the rail, and FIG. 1(b) is a plan view. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the detection vehicle body and the reference setting section mounted on the rail in the rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the detection vehicle body and signal processing section of the rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to the present invention The block diagram and FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are external views showing the structure of a conventional rail road surface measuring device. 1. Rail 20 bogie frame, 2a, Floor plate, 3. Drive wheels, 4. Running wheels, 5. Motor, 6. Gear mechanism, 7. Guide roller, 8, detection vehicle body, 9. Rotary encoder, 10, gap sensor, 11. image sensor, 12, amplifier,
20. Reference setting section, 21, laser tube, 22. Collimating lens, 23, slit, 24. Reference laser beam, 3G, signal processing unit, 31. Microcomputer, 32, A/D converter, 33. DC power supply section,
34. Recorder, 40. Rail tread measuring device, 41
, reference beam, 42. mounting fixture, 43, detector,
44. Detection roller, 45, recording needle 46.
roll paper.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A reference setting unit that is fixed to the rail and has means for setting a reference laser beam of a height at a position at a constant height from the rail tread; a detection vehicle body comprising means for detecting the height of the trolley relative to the rail tread surface, means for detecting the amount of change in height by receiving a reference laser beam, and means for detecting the distance traveled by the trolley; It consists of a signal processing unit and a recorder that calculates the amount of unevenness on the rail tread from the detected data of the height of the bogie relative to the reference laser beam and the detected data of the height of the bogie relative to the reference laser beam, and outputs it along with the position data on the rail. A rail tread surface unevenness measuring device characterized by: (2) The rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to claim 1, which has the reference setting section consisting of a laser tube, a collimating lens, and a slit. (3) The rail tread irregularity measuring device according to claim 1, which has the detection vehicle body provided with a rotary encoder directly connected to the axle, which can calculate the travel distance of the truck from the rotation angle.