JPS63169880A - Special effect device for television video signal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate a television video signal special effect device deforming complicated picture with a small amount of circuits by combining a range calculator and a function generator realized by using a memory. CONSTITUTION:A writing address generator 3 outputs the X, Y coordinates of a video signal on a picture outputted from an A/D converter 2. A reading address generator 5 calculates the X, Y coordinates storing the video signal to be read from the coordinates X, Y of the picture and gives an output to a picture storage device 4. The picture storage device 4 gives an output to a background adder 6 while reading a video signal of an address decided by the same method as the method decided by the writing address from the X, Y coordinates outputted from the writing address generator 3 depending on the X, Y coordinates outputted from a reading address generator 5 with respect to the video signal stored at one preceding field in parallel with the writing of the video signal. The output is decoded in a D/A converter 7.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a television video signal special effects device, and more particularly to a television video signal special effects device that utilizes digital processing of television video signals. .

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in this type of television video signal special effect device, a function generator that is a combination of a multiplier, a divider, an adder, and a subtracter has been used as a read address generating device.

An example of a conventional read address generation device is shown in FIG. 7 and will be described.

In the figure, 31 is an input terminal to which a clock signal is applied, 32 and 33 are an X-coordinate counter and a Y-coordinate counter, respectively, which receive the clock signal from this input terminal 31, and 34 and 35 are respectively this X-coordinate counter. This function generator 34.3 is a function generator that is a combination of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division devices that receive the outputs of the counter 32 and the Y-coordinate counter 33 as inputs.
5, X coordinate output and Y coordinate output are sent to output terminals 36 and 37, respectively.

The read address generator configured as described above receives a clock signal from the input terminal 31, and calculates the X and Y coordinates output from the X coordinate counter 32 and Y coordinate counter 33 using a combination of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. A function FCx, y) generator 34 and a function s, y) generator 35, which is a combination of an addition/subtraction multiplier/divider, calculates and outputs the X and Y coordinates. By using the television video signal special effects device having this readout address generator, the input video signal is transformed into a special effect in which the image is transformed to obtain an output video signal of a different shape. was.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The conventional read address generator described above uses a function generator that combines multipliers, dividers, adders, and subtracters, so in order to generate trigonometric functions and hyperbolic functions, many multipliers are required. , divider.

There is the problem that adders and subtractors are required, and the function to be generated cannot be changed unless the combination of multipliers, dividers, adders, and subtractors is changed.

[Means for solving problems]

The television video signal special effects device of the present invention includes an analog-to-digital converter for encoding an analog video signal to obtain a coded video signal, and an image storage for storing the output video signal of the analog-to-digital converter for one image. a write address generator for determining a location in the image memory to be written in correspondence with a location of the input image; and a read address generator for reading each pixel data of the image from the image memory. and a digital signal that decodes the encoded video signal read out from the surface image storage device into an analog video signal.
The device is equipped with an analog converter.

[Effect]

In the present invention, a distance calculator calculates and outputs the distance between the position of arbitrary pixel data stored in the image memory and a specific straight line, and the output value is used as a read address. Calculate the stored X and Y coordinates of the image data read from the output value of the function generator.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a television video signal special effects apparatus according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is an input terminal to which an analog television signal is applied, and 2 is an anakigoo digital converter (hereinafter abbreviated as k1 converter) that encodes the analog video signal from input terminal 1 to obtain a coded video signal. ), 3 is a write address generator that determines the location of the image storage device to be written in accordance with the location of the input image, and 4 is an image storage device that stores the output video signal of the A/D converter 2 for one image. , 5 is a read address generator for reading out each pixel data of an image from this image storage device 4, 6 is a back shape adder for adding a back shape, and T is an encoded image read out from the image storage device 4. A digital-to-analog converter (hereinafter referred to as a D/A converter) decodes the signal into an analog video signal, and 8 is a synchronization signal supplied from an input terminal 9 with the output of this D/A converter 7 as an input. 10 is an output terminal from which a regular television signal, which is the output of the sync signal adder 9, is obtained, and 11 is a clock generator.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.

First, the analog television video signal input from the input terminal 1 is encoded into an 8-bit binary code by the A/D converter 2, and the write address generator 3 is output from the A/D converter 2. Outputs the X and Y coordinates of the video signal on the image. Then, the image storage unit 4 writes the video signal output from the A/D converter 2 to an address uniquely determined by the X and Y coordinates output from the write address generator 3, and stores it until the next field. do.

Next, the 1 read address generator 5 calculates the stored X and X coordinates of the video signal to be read from the X and Y coordinates of the image, and outputs them to the image storage 4.

In parallel with the writing of the video signal, the image storage device 4 uses the X coordinate and y coordinate output from the read address generator 5 for the video signal stored one field before. Based on the coordinates, the X coordinate and Y coordinate output from the write address generator 3 are used to read out the image signal at the address determined by the same method as the method used to determine the write address and output it to the back shape adder 6. Then, the back shape adder 6 adds a back shape to the range instruction signal AsK output from the read address generator 5, and the output is input to the D/A converter 7 and decoded. The decoded output is sent to a synchronization signal adder 8, where a synchronization signal supplied from an input terminal 9 is added, and the resulting signal is output from an output terminal 10 as a regular television video signal.

The clock generator 11 generates a clock that indicates the main operation timing of each component, and this clock is
/D converter 2, write address generator 3, image storage 4, read address generator 5 and D/A converter 7, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the read address generator 5 in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 2, 12 is an input terminal into which a clock signal is input, 13 and 14 are an X-coordinate generator and a Y-coordinate generator that operate in synchronization with the clock signal input to input terminal 12, and 15 is a constant. 1 generator, 16 is a constant generator, 17 is a constant C generator, 18 is an X coordinate generator 13 and a Y coordinate generator.
The coordinates X and Y respectively output from the coordinate generator 14,
Constant 1 generator 15, constant C generator 16, and constant C generator 1T. If X and y are variables representing coordinates, a
From Wftlr, which is expressed as a set of points satisfying z+by+e=*0, to the point expressed by (X*Y), for two areas divided by r, the point (x
* Scene d = given the sign determined by the area to which y ) belongs
This is a distance calculator that calculates and outputs t(&X+bY+e)7 possible.

19 is a function f (u
) is used as a function generator to generate the function f. 20 is a memory that can be read and written like this memory 19, and is read out when the read address is set as input U in advance. This is a memory that generates a function g using a memory in which an appropriate value is written so that the value obtained is a function g(u) of l as a function generator. In this memory 19.20, AD indicates an address and DT indicates output data.

21 Shajima and X and f (d) as inputs, Hatake x f
(d) Coordinate calculator that calculates and outputs +X, 22
is bXf(d
)+Y, 23 is a coordinate calculator that calculates and outputs a, X and g (d), and calculates aXg(d)+X, and 24 is b, Y and g.
This is a coordinate calculator that takes (d) as input, calculates bXg(d)+Y, and outputs the result.

25U The value output from the coordinate calculator 23 is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to a constant m equal to the maximum value of the X coordinate, and the value output from the coordinate calculator 24 is greater than or equal to 0 and the maximum value of the Y coordinate. A constant comparator that outputs the logical value %1g only when it is less than or equal to a constant n, and otherwise outputs the logical value %□l. 26 is an output when the output of this constant comparator 25 is a logical value 11. The output value of the coordinate calculator 21 is output to the terminal 27, and the output value of the coordinate calculator 22 is output to the output terminal 28. Also, when the output of the constant comparator 25 is a logical value %0, the output value of the coordinate calculator 21 is output to the output terminal 27.
A data selector 29 is configured to output the output value of the coordinate calculator 23 to the output terminal 28 and output the output value of the coordinate calculator 24 to the output terminal 28; A logical value %1 is output to the output terminal 30 only when the constant m or less is equal to the maximum value of the coordinate, and is output to the output terminal 28. However, in other cases, it is a constant comparator that outputs the expanded logic value %01 to the output terminal 30. A readout X coordinate, a readout Y coordinate, and a range designation output are obtained from each of these output terminals 2T, 28, and 30, respectively.

Assume that the functions f and g are defined as follows.

gi(t)=ω=kr−r)
tg(t)=-2t ””
t≧kr, where k is a constant equal to pi, r is a constant, and ω is whether the output value of the coordinate calculators 21, 22, 23, 24 is smaller than O, or the X coordinate The constant is set to a value sufficiently larger than the maximum value m of the Y coordinate and the maximum value n of the Y coordinate. Also, y
= 5in-'(z) is an inverse function of the trigonometric function y=sin←) when the range of X is -1 and x≦1.

FIG. 3 shows a graph representing the function f, that is, a graph representing the function y = f (r) written in the memory 9 that generates the function f in FIG. is expressed graphically, that is, the second
The fourth graph represents the function y = g (P) written in the memo IJ2G that generates the function g in the figure.
As shown in the figure.

Also, here 1. rJ presenting stone 1=1 and a(O and b(O
Set the constant 1 so that d<e(m and O(c (!l).
Define constants S and C, respectively.

The operation of the embodiment in this case will be explained.

The image shown in FIG. 5, which is an example of an image input to the television picture signal special effects device shown in FIG. 1, is input. This input image data is stored in the image storage device 4 for one field time. Then, in the next field, the value determined by the position of the pixel data displayed at each X coordinate and Y coordinate and the straight line r: &s+by+e=O +1
= aX+bY +C is calculated by the distance calculator 18 shown in FIG. 2, and a f (
d) I-X and bf(a) + Y and a g(d) +
X and b g(d) + Y are calculated, and the constant comparator 25 in FIG. This is output to the image storage device 4 shown in FIG. 1 as the X and Y coordinates for reading out the video signal.

As a result, the output image is as shown in FIG. 6, which is a diagram showing the output image obtained by inputting the image shown in FIG. It has the effect of being transformed into a folded shape. In addition, in this FIG. 6, S is represented by f3=lkr-rl.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, a distance calculator and a function generator realized using a memory are combined, and a function generator that is a combination of a multiplier/divider and an adder/subtracter is used. It is possible to realize a television video signal special effects device that allows complex image transformations with a relatively small amount of circuitry.It is possible to realize a television video signal special effects device that can transform images in a highly complex manner with a relatively small amount of circuitry.It is possible to change the circuitry by changing the contents of the memory instead of simply changing the circuitry. Since the method of deforming the image can be changed without any change, the practical effect is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the television video signal special effects device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the read address generator in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram that graphically represents the function y = f written in the memory that generates the function f in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is the function written in the memory that generates the function 1 in Figure 2 (μ FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an image input to the embodiment of FIG. 4, and FIG.
An explanatory view showing an output image obtained by inputting the image shown in the figure, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional read address generation device. 2...A/D converter (analog-digital converter), 3...-Write address generator, 4--Image storage device, 5.--Read address generator, T... -・D/
A converter (digital-to-analog converter).・

Claims (1)

[Claims] An analog-to-digital converter that encodes an analog video signal to obtain a coded video signal; an image storage device that stores one image of the output video signal of the analog-to-digital converter; a write address generator for determining a location in the image storage to be stored; a read address generator for reading each pixel data of an image from the image storage; and an encoded video signal read from the image storage. 1. A television video signal special effects device comprising: a digital-to-analog converter for decoding a video signal into an analog video signal.