JPS6316866B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a radio wave sealing device for shielding high frequency radio waves.

Configuration of Conventional Example and Its Problems A conventional radio wave sealing device of this type will be described using, for example, a microwave oven that cooks food by dielectrically heating it using high frequency waves. A microwave oven is equipped with a heating compartment that stores food and heats it using high-frequency waves, and a door that can be opened and closed to cover the opening of the heating compartment for putting food in and out. At this time, radio wave sealing measures are taken to prevent high-frequency electromagnetic waves inside the heating chamber from leaking outside the chamber and causing harm to the human body.

As an example of the conventional technology, U.S. Patent No. 3182164 is the first
As shown in the figure. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a heating chamber of a microwave oven, and a door 4 having a handle 3 that covers an opening 2 of the heating chamber 1 so as to be openable and closable is provided. A hollow wall portion 6 having a gap portion 5 opened toward the heating chamber 1 is formed at the peripheral edge of the door 4 . The depth 7 of this cheese yoke portion 6 is designed to be substantially one-fourth of the wavelength of the high frequency wave used. In this case, the thickness of the door 4 is also a quarter wavelength. In other words, since the frequency of electromagnetic waves conventionally used in microwave ovens is 2450 MHz, a quarter wavelength is approximately 30 mm. In order to face the chiyoke part 6 of this length, the thickness 9 of the peripheral part 8 formed in the opening part 2 of the heating chamber 1 has a value larger than a quarter wavelength. Therefore, the effective size of the opening 2 of the heating chamber 1 is slightly smaller by the peripheral edge 8.

Next, as another conventional example, U.S. Patent No.
No. 2500676 is shown in Figures 2a and b. This example also shows the configuration of a microwave oven, in which high frequency waves obtained by oscillation of a magnetron 10 are supplied to a heating chamber 11 to heat and cook food 12 by electromagnetic induction. The opening 13 of the heating warehouse 11 is provided with a door 14 that covers the opening 13 so as to be openable and closable. A groove-shaped yoke portion 15 is also formed at the peripheral edge of the door 14, and this yoke portion 15 prevents high frequency waves from leaking to the outside. The depth 16 of this yoke portion 15 is also one-fourth of the operating frequency.
Designed by wavelength. Therefore, the effective size of the opening 13 is slightly smaller than the heating chamber 11, as in FIG.

As mentioned above, the conventional choke section is based on the technical concept of attenuating high frequencies by having a depth of one-quarter wavelength.

In other words, the characteristic impedance of the chiyoke section is
Zo, the depth is L, and when the terminal end is short-circuited, the impedance Z _IN at the opening of the chain yoke is Z _IN =jZotan (2πL/λo) (λo is the free space wavelength).

The radio wave attenuation means of the chi-yoke method is based on the principle that |N _IN |=Zotan (π/2)=∞ is achieved by selecting the depth L of the chi-yoke part to be one-quarter wavelength.

If a dielectric material (relative dielectric constant εr) is filled in the cheese yoke, the wavelength λ' of the radio wave is compressed to λ'≒λo/√. In this case, the depth L' of the chiyoke portion becomes short as L'≒L/√. However, there is no difference in setting L' = λ'/4, and in the chi-yoke method, the depth cannot be made substantially smaller than a quarter wavelength, which limits the miniaturization of the chi-yoke part. It was something like that.

In recent years, the development of solid-state oscillators has progressed, and the era of practical use has arrived. Microwave ovens are no exception; traditional magnetron oscillators are being replaced by solid-state oscillators.

The advantages of solid-state oscillators in microwave ovens are as follows.

(1) The driving voltage of a magnetron is approximately 3KV, whereas the driving voltage of a solid-state oscillator using a transistor etc. may be approximately 400V or less, and in reality it is approximately 40V.
is used. Therefore, since the power supply voltage is low, it is safe for the human body, and even if there is a leak, electric shock accidents are unlikely to occur. Therefore, it becomes possible to make it earthless, and it is also possible to develop it into a portable device.

(2) While the lifespan of a magnetron is approximately 5,000 hours, a solid-state oscillator has a long lifespan of approximately 10 times longer.

(3) While the oscillation frequency of a magnetron is fixed, the oscillation frequency of a solid-state oscillator can be varied, for example, within a range of 13MHz above and below 915MHz. Therefore, by automatically tracking the frequency based on the size of the load (food to be cooked), the resonance frequency changes and highly efficient operation can be achieved. According to the actual 2450±50M
By automatically tracking the frequency within Hz, we were able to improve practical load efficiency by approximately 60 to 80% compared to a fixed frequency.

(4) Solid-state oscillators could become cheaper than magnetrons in the future due to mass production.

In addition, the ISM frequencies (Industrial, Scientific,
Medical) is 5880MHz, 2450MHz, 915MHz,
400MHz, etc., and must not be used outside this range. The current magnetron is as described above.
It is oscillating at 2450MHz, but if you use a solid-state oscillator to oscillate at the same frequency of 2450MHz, you will not be able to obtain sufficient output power and the power will be insufficient. Therefore, in order to obtain the desired output power, it is necessary to select a lower frequency, for example, 915M
Hz is appropriate. However, since this frequency is about 1/2.7 of the conventional frequency, the wavelength is, on the contrary, about 2.7 times, and the quarter wavelength is about 80 mm. Therefore, if 915MHz is selected as the frequency of the microwave oven, the thickness of the cheese yoke explained in Figures 1 and 2 will exceed approximately 80mm, and the effective size of the opening of the heating chamber will be greater than that of the conventional example. This has the disadvantage that it becomes extremely small, making it extremely difficult to put it into practical use.

On the other hand, the advantages of changing the oscillation frequency from 2450MHz to 915MHz are as follows.

1. Because the wavelength has become longer, radio waves can penetrate deep into the food, making it possible to speed up the cooking process. For example, it took more than 50 minutes at 2450MHz and 600W to heat the center of a 12cm diameter lump of meat to about 50℃, but it took less than 50 minutes at 915MHz and 300W.

2 The cause of uneven burning is standing waves, and the standing wave pitch is correlated with wavelength. When 915MHz is used, the standing wave pitch is large, making it difficult to notice uneven cooking on the food.

Therefore, the disadvantage of changing the operating frequency of the microwave oven to 915MHz is that the radio wave sealing means becomes larger.

Note that as one means for reducing the thickness of the chiyoke part, there is a structure in which the chiyoke part is filled with a dielectric material. According to this configuration, the dielectric constant of the chiyoke part becomes large, so that the chiyoke part can be made smaller than a quarter wavelength, and the same effect as that of a chiyoke part of a quarter wavelength can be achieved. However, since the dielectric material is expensive, the price of the microwave oven as a whole becomes expensive, and the manufacturing time and cost are high, which hinders its practical use.

The principle of the conventional example will be theoretically explained below.

The Chi-Yoke method is based on the well-known quarter-wavelength impedance conversion principle. In other words, the characteristic impedance of the chiyoke groove is Zoc, and the depth of the groove is
l _c , the characteristic impedance of the leakage path 1 from the heating chamber to the chiyoke groove is Zop, and the length of the leakage path 17 is
_lpWhen the used wavelength is λ, the short circuit impedance (Zc=
0) is the opening B of the chiyoke groove 18, and Z _B =jZoctan2π/λl _c . 19 is a heating chamber of the microwave oven, and 20 is a door. Here, by choosing l _c =λ/4, it can be converted to |Z _B |=∞. When the impedance Z _B of the opening B is viewed from the line starting point A, the impedance Z _A is Z _A =-JZop1/tan2π/λl _p . Here l _p =λ/
By choosing 4, it can be converted to |Z _A |=0. The short-circuit condition at the bottom C of the chain yoke groove 18 appears at the starting point of the line by skillfully utilizing the quarter-wavelength impedance conversion principle, thereby making it practical as a radio wave sealing device.

By loading a dielectric material with a permittivity εr into the leakage path 17 and the chiyoke groove 18, the wavelength λ' becomes λ/√ of the free space wavelength λ, but the quarter wavelength (λ'/4) impedance principle should be used. A similar effect can be obtained by

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a radio wave sealing device in which the size of the choke portion does not increase even if the oscillation frequency is lowered.

Structure of the Invention This invention is a radio wave seal using a new impedance conversion principle, in which each of the leakage path and the groove has a characteristic impedance discontinuity configuration, resulting in a shape smaller than the size equivalent to a quarter wavelength. It is something.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The present invention provides, for example, at least two grooves in at least one of the main body or the door of a microwave oven, and the shape of the grooves is such that the characteristic impedance on the short circuit side is larger than that on the open side. , is characterized in that the groove depth from the open end to the shorted end is less than a quarter wavelength.

The basic idea that makes miniaturization possible is as follows.

Let the characteristic impedance and length phase constant of the groove opening be Zo ₁ , l ₁ , and β ₁ . The characteristic impedance and length phase constant of the groove short-circuit part are Zo ₂ , l ₂ , β ₂ The distance from the open end of the groove to the short-circuit end (groove depth) is l
(total), then l (total) = l ₁ + l ₂ . Under the above conditions, the impedance Z at the open end of the groove is Z = Zo ₁ · tanβ ₁ l ₁ +Ktanβ ₂ l ₂ /1−Ktanβ ₁ l ₁ · tanβ
₂ l ₂ ...(1) (However, K=Zo ₂ /Zo ₁ ) can be derived by simple calculation.

In the conventional example, this corresponds to Zo ₂ =Zo ₁ and β ₁ =β ₂ (that is, K=1). Therefore its impedance
From equation 1, Z′ is Z′=Zo ₁・tanβ ₁ l ₁ +tanβ ₂ l ₂ /1−tanβ ₁ l ₁・tanβ ₂
l ₂ = Zo ₁ tan (β ₁ l ₁ + β ₂ l ₂ ) = Zo ₁ tan (β ₁ · ltotal) ...(2), and by setting ltotal to λ/4, the impedance was inverted.

On the other hand, according to the configuration of the present invention, the characteristic impedance is Zo ₂ > Zo ₁ according to the configuration requirements, so the value of the characteristic impedance ratio K in equation 1 is necessarily 1.
Become bigger. In order to make impedance Z infinite, the denominator of equation 1 needs to be zero, so 1=
It is sufficient to satisfy Ktanβ ₁ l ₁・tanβ ₂ l ₂ , and the size is equal to the value of characteristic impedance ratio K larger than 1.
Even if l ₁ and l ₂ are made small, the same impedance inversion as in the conventional case can be achieved.

The idea of making the characteristic impedance discontinuous is as follows.

The present invention performs impedance inversion using a less than λ/4 line instead of the λ/4 line that has been historically used in the field of radio wave seals. In order to make this principle easier to understand, part of the analysis results are shown in FIG. Figure 4 shows D with terminal A as the excitation source.
A groove having an opening B whose tip C is short-circuited is provided in a part of the transmission line with an open end. The width of the groove on the short circuit side is twice that on the open hole side. When point A is excited under the same conditions and the groove depth lT is changed, the electric field in the transmission line changes as a, b, c, and D
The radio wave does not reach the end in case b, that is, when the groove depth lT is about 80% of a quarter wavelength (less than λ/4 line), and even if it is longer or shorter than that, (In cases a and c), radio waves leak more than in case b. This is l ₁ = l ₂ = lT/2 = λ/10.2,
This can be confirmed by substituting K=b ₂ /b ₁ =2 into 1≈Ktanβl ₁ ·tanβl ₂ .

The present invention has a configuration in which the groove portion of the sealing device has one side serving as a ground conductor and a conductor plate having a width dimension a and spaced apart by a gap dimension b.

In detail, the width on the groove opening side is a _, the gap is b _{, 1} the effective dielectric is ε _eff , the width on the groove shorting side is a, ₂ the gap is b ₂ , and the characteristic impedance ratio K is calculated using the following formula. Calculate with By setting the value of K to be greater than 1, an attempt is made to make the characteristic impedance discontinuous.

In actual application, the space of the groove cover
TOP1 and bending reinforcement space lK1 are often provided. In these cases, compared to the case where the principle is explained, the radio waves are disturbed and the calculated dimensions are slightly deviated. The details of the deviation are shown below.

When the dimension is set to 2mm for TOP1 and lX1 is 5 to 6
An example is shown when it is set to mm.

Figure 5 is an example of a 915MHz sealing device, TRP1.
This shows the relationship in which the groove depth lT changes with the dimensions of .
If the dimension of TOP1 is set to 1 to 3 mm, lT becomes deeper by 1 to 6 mm.

Figure 6 is an example of a 2450MHz sealing device.
The relationship is shown in which the groove depth lT changes with the reinforcing space lX1 with TRP1 = 2 mm fixed. Space lX1 2~
By setting it to 6 mm, the groove depth lT becomes deeper by 1 to 3 mm.

The details of the embodiment will be explained based on the drawings.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the microwave oven, showing the patching plate 2.
A door 22 having a number 1 is attached to a main body covered with a main body cover 23. The main body is provided with an operation panel 24, and a door handle 25 is attached to the door. FIG. 8 shows a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of only a group of conductor pieces. In FIGS. 8 and 9, the conductor plate group 26 that partitions the first groove 34 and the second groove 35 is a
Consists of parts b, c, d, and e. The first groove 34 and the second groove
The groove cover 27 that covers the groove 35 has a structure to prevent it from coming off, and consists of parts f, g, h, i, and j. The first groove 34 forms a first chain groove composed of an opening groove and a short circuit groove connected thereto, and the characteristic impedance Zo ₁ of the opening groove is proportional to 1/a ₁ , and the characteristic impedance of the short circuit groove is proportional to 1/a 1. Since Zo ₂ is proportional to 1/a ₂ , Zo ₂ /Zo ₁ (=K ₁ ) is a
Proportional to ₁ / _a2 . Further, the second groove 35 forms a second chain groove composed of an opening side groove and a short circuit side groove connected thereto, and similarly to the first groove, the characteristic impedance of the opening side groove is Zo ₃ and the characteristic impedance of the short circuit side groove is If the characteristic impedance is Zo ₄ , then Zo ₄ /Zo
₃ (=K ₂ ) is proportional to a ₁ /a ₂ .

The open ends and short-circuited ends of the first and second grooves 34 and 35 are indicated by 28, 29, 30, and 31, respectively. The punching plate 21 and the door 22 are fastened together with a stopper 32 and screws 33.

The conductor plate 26 is composed of portions b, c, and d having a width a ₁ and portions a and d having a width a ₂ at a pitch P (see FIG. 10). The characteristic impedance ratio K ₁ in the first groove 34 is Then, the value of the second groove K ₂ is In both cases, by making K ₁ and K ₂ larger than 1, the depth of the groove (l ₁₁ + l ₁₂ ) and (l ₂₁ + l ₂₂ )
is configured to be smaller than a quarter wavelength.

Although the explanation has been made using the conductor piece group shown in FIG. 10, other construction methods such as those shown by 26a and 26b in FIGS. 11a and 11b, 26c in FIG. 12, and 26d in FIG. But the same thing can be said. Also,
The conductor wall for the first groove and the conductor wall for the second groove do not have to have the same shape to obtain the same effect, and the widths of the grooves do not need to be at the same interval.

In order to make the characteristic impedance of the opening part of the groove smaller than the characteristic impedance of the short circuit part, a rectangular hole is used on the short circuit part side of the conductor piece that makes up the groove, but the shape of this hole is trapezoidal, triangular, etc. , a semicircular shape, etc. can also have a short conductor width, so naturally the same effect can be obtained. Furthermore, although an example has been shown in which the conductor piece of the short-circuit portion is composed of two lines, it may be one or three or more lines.

FIG. 14a shows the amount of radio wave leakage when the resonant frequencies of the two grooves are shifted, and FIG. 14b shows the amount of radio wave leakage when the resonant frequencies of the two grooves are matched.

The above is true not only when the frequency is 915MHz but also when the frequency is 2450MHz.

In addition to being made of sheet metal, the conductor piece group can also be made of plastic resin plated.

Needless to say, the pair of conductor pieces separating the two grooves may be connected only partially.

Effects of the invention In addition to the effect of achieving miniaturization, which is the purpose of the invention, the following effects are obtained.

(1) Miniaturization requires higher dimensional accuracy of the seal structure, but by slightly shifting the resonance frequency characteristics of the two grooves, accuracy management can be simplified. (Fig. 14a) (2) By matching the resonance frequencies of the two grooves, the sealing performance can be improved compared to a single groove. (Fig. 14b) (3) It has strong mechanical strength and initial performance can be guaranteed over a long period of time.

(4) Parts with different conductor widths can be used to prevent the groove cover from falling off.

(5) Due to its strong mechanical strength, conductor pieces can be made from thinner sheet metal.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 a, b, and Fig. 3 are sectional views of conventional radio wave sealing devices, and Fig. 4 a, b, c, respectively.
are electric field analysis diagrams of the groove portion in the present invention, FIG. 5a,
b, c are cross-sectional views and side views of the device at 915MHz;
Characteristic diagrams; Figures 6a, b, and c are cross-sectional views, side views, and characteristic diagrams of the device at 2450 MHz; Figure 7 is a perspective view of a general microwave oven; Figure 8 is a diagram of radio waves in an embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of the sealing device, FIG.
Figure 10 is a perspective view of the conductor piece part, Figures 11a, b, 12, and 13 are perspective views of the structure of the conductor piece group, Figure 14a, b is the two grooves. It is a radio wave leakage characteristic diagram according to. 21...Door, 26...Conductor piece, 34...First groove, 35...Second groove, _a1 ...Single width of conductor at opening, _a2 /2...Single width of conductor at short circuit part .

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A main body having an opening and into which radio waves are supplied is provided, and a door is provided to cover the opening of the main body so as to be openable and closable, and at least the portion where the main body and the door face each other is provided. Two grooves parallel to the periphery of the door are provided on one side, and each groove is partitioned by a pair of conductor pieces that are at least partially connected, and the conductor pieces are continuous in the longitudinal direction of the groove at intervals. each conductor piece of the conductor piece group is provided with an opening width larger than a width of the short circuit part, and the characteristic impedance of the opening part of the groove is smaller than the characteristic impedance of the short circuit part,
A radio wave sealing device in which the depth of the groove is shorter than λ/4, where λ is the wavelength used. 2. The radio wave sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the conductor piece group is formed by bending one plate into a substantially U-shape. 3. The radio wave sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the dimensional ratio between the opening of the two grooves and the single width of the conductor of the short circuit portion is approximately the same.