JPS63164959A - Dialytic liquid preparing apparatus - Google Patents
Dialytic liquid preparing apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63164959A JPS63164959A JP62266145A JP26614587A JPS63164959A JP S63164959 A JPS63164959 A JP S63164959A JP 62266145 A JP62266145 A JP 62266145A JP 26614587 A JP26614587 A JP 26614587A JP S63164959 A JPS63164959 A JP S63164959A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- concentrate
- pump
- dialysate
- conductivity
- feed pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
- A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
- A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
- A61M1/166—Heating
- A61M1/1662—Heating with heat exchange between fresh and used dialysate
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、透析濃縮液と水とを混合する透析液製造装置
に係る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a dialysis fluid production device that mixes dialysis concentrate and water.
（従来の技術）
ジョンソン氏の米国特許第４，３７１，１８５号（未明
１１１Ｍ書中にて引用例として参照されている）に示し
た形式の透析液製造装置では、水は加熱され、空気を分
離され、そして透析濃縮液と混合され、患者の使用して
いる透析器に透析液を連続して供給するようになってい
る。そうした？ｔ！では、透析液は一般に主要送り配管
の途中にある合流部にポンプ輸送され水と混合される。(Prior Art) In a dialysate manufacturing apparatus of the type shown in Johnson's U.S. Pat. It is separated and mixed with dialysis concentrate to provide a continuous supply of dialysate to the patient's dialyzer. Did you do that? T! In this system, dialysate is typically pumped to a junction in the main delivery line and mixed with water.
下流側には伝導率検知セルが用いられ、この伝導率検知
セルを通り抜ける混合溶液の伝導率を検知しく伝導率は
水に含まれる透析成分の濃度に関係している）、この検
知した伝導率を制御ループに用い透析濃縮液用のポンプ
を制御している。この装置を滅菌したり洗浄して別の患
者に使用する際、透析液製造装置の水圧回路は消毒剤や
殺菌剤で洗い流される。A conductivity detection cell is used on the downstream side to detect the conductivity of the mixed solution passing through the conductivity detection cell (conductivity is related to the concentration of dialysis components contained in water), and this detected conductivity is used in the control loop to control the dialysis concentrate pump. When the device is sterilized or cleaned for use on another patient, the hydraulic circuit of the dialysate production device is flushed with a disinfectant or disinfectant.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
透析液製造装置は、容積式ポンプを用いることによりさ
らに安全性を高められる（例えば、有害な化学物質が添
加されるのを防止できる）ことが判明した。前記容積式
ポンプはストローク当たりの吐出し量が一定していて、
水の流れている主要送り配管に濃縮液をポンプ輸送する
ことができる。容積式ポンプは、主要送り配管の下流側
にある濃度センサーとコントローラを用いフィードバッ
クルーズによって制御されている。前記コントローラは
、ポンプのストローク比を所望の作動ストローク比の範
囲と比較するようになっている。(Means for Solving the Problems) It has been found that the safety of the dialysate production apparatus can be further improved (for example, the addition of harmful chemicals can be prevented) by using a positive displacement pump. The positive displacement pump has a constant discharge amount per stroke,
The concentrate can be pumped into the main feed line where the water is flowing. Positive displacement pumps are controlled by feedback loops using a concentration sensor and controller downstream of the main feed line. The controller is adapted to compare the stroke ratio of the pump to a range of desired operating stroke ratios.
好ましい実施例では、濃度センサーには伝導率センサー
が使われる。また濃縮液ポンプは、濃縮液の供給源また
は洗浄化学薬品の供給源のいずれか一方に連結すること
ができる。濃縮液に対する所望の作動ストローク比の範
囲は、伝導率設定値を得るのに要する洗浄化学薬品のポ
ンプ比を含んでいない。In a preferred embodiment, the concentration sensor is a conductivity sensor. The concentrate pump can also be coupled to either a source of concentrate or a source of cleaning chemicals. The range of desired operating stroke ratios for the concentrate does not include the cleaning chemical pump ratio required to achieve the conductivity set point.
本発明の他の利点並びに特徴は、本発明の以下の好まし
い実施例の説明並びに特許請求の範囲から明らかになる
。Other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as well as from the claims.
好ましい実施例を説明する。A preferred embodiment will now be described.
（実施例）
磯り
図面を参照する０図示の透析液製造装置ｌＯは、給水源
に連絡する端部１４と透析器１８の流入口１６に連結さ
れる別の端部とを持つ主要送り配管１２を備えている。(Example) Referring to Isori drawings The illustrated dialysate production apparatus 1O has a main feed pipe having an end 14 communicating with a water supply source and another end connected to an inlet 16 of a dialyzer 18. It has 12.
透析器１８は、患者に連結される血液の流入口２０およ
び血液の流出口２２と透析液の流出口２４と°を備えて
いる。濃縮液送り配管２６は一端が主要送り配管１２の
合流部２８に連結され、また他端には透析濃縮液（アセ
タート）容器３６または消毒剤容器３８の取付部３２ま
たは３４と連絡するコネクタ３０を備えている。The dialyzer 18 has a blood inlet 20, a blood outlet 22 and a dialysate outlet 24 connected to the patient. The concentrate feed line 26 is connected at one end to the confluence 28 of the main feed line 12 and has a connector 30 at the other end communicating with a fitting 32 or 34 of a dialysis concentrate (acetate) container 36 or a disinfectant container 38. We are prepared.
ｃｉｍ液送り配管２６には、ストローク当たり一定の吐
出し量の容積式ダイアフラムポンプ４０が設けられてい
る。主要送り配管１２の合流部２８から下流側には混合
室４２と伝導率検知セル４４が設けられている。ポンプ
４０は、センサー４４で検知された伝導率に基づいてフ
ィードバックルーズによって制御される。このフィード
バックループは、図中ではコントローラ４８に延びる点
線で・示す配線４６およびポンプ４０に延びる点線で示
す配！！１４７により表わされている。コントローラ４
８は比較器を備え、この比較器によりポンプ・４０のス
トローク比（ストローク／時間）（すなわち、配線４７
を通じてポンプ４０に送られるパルスの割合）と、望ま
しい作動ストローク比の範囲を表わす限界値とを比較す
るようになっている。The CIM liquid feed pipe 26 is provided with a positive displacement diaphragm pump 40 that has a constant discharge amount per stroke. A mixing chamber 42 and a conductivity detection cell 44 are provided downstream from the confluence section 28 of the main feed pipe 12. Pump 40 is controlled by feedback loops based on the conductivity sensed by sensor 44. This feedback loop includes wiring 46 shown in dotted lines extending to controller 48 and wiring shown in dotted lines extending to pump 40. ! 147. controller 4
8 comprises a comparator which determines the stroke ratio (stroke/time) of the pump 40 (i.e. the line 47
(the rate of pulses delivered to the pump 40 through the pump 40) is compared to a limit value representing a range of desired operating stroke ratios.
また装置１０は、熱交換器、加熱器組込み空気分離器−
１（透析器に流入する流れと透析器から流出する流れと
を平衡させ、限外濾過を管理する）平衡室、別の伝導率
検知セルおよびＰＨセンサーを備えている。これらはす
べて図示されていない、さらにこの装置は、第２の濃縮
液送り配管（ポンプおよび容器コネクタを装備している
）と合流部、そして混合室と伝、導率検知セルを備えて
いる。これらすべては合流部２８から上流側にあり、こ
の別系統の送り配管を用いて重炭酸塩を添加し、また配
管２６を通じて酸を加え、アセタートの代わりに亜炭酸
塩と酸の溶液を使用することができる。The device 10 also includes a heat exchanger, an air separator with a built-in heater.
1 (to balance the flow into and out of the dialyzer and manage ultrafiltration), a separate conductivity sensing cell and a PH sensor. The device also includes a second concentrate feed line (equipped with a pump and a container connector) and a junction, as well as a mixing chamber and a conductivity sensing cell, all of which are not shown. All of this is upstream from confluence 28, and this separate feed line is used to add bicarbonate and acid is added through line 26, using a solution of carbonate and acid instead of acetate. be able to.
遺丑
操作に際し、水が端部１４から送り配管１２に流され、
また透析濃縮液がポンプ４０により合流部２８にポンプ
輸送される。この合流部２８の位置で水は濃縮液と初期
混合される。混合室４２内でさらに攪拌が行われる。混
合室４２は真空ポンプ（図示せず）に連結された排気孔
を備え、溶液から抜は出たガスを除去するようになって
いる。During the operation, water is flowed from the end 14 into the feed pipe 12,
The dialysis concentrate is also pumped to the confluence section 28 by the pump 40. At this junction 28, the water is initially mixed with the concentrate. Further stirring is performed within the mixing chamber 42. The mixing chamber 42 is equipped with an exhaust port connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) to remove gases drawn out of the solution.
混合された透析濃縮液／水溶液は混合室４２から伝導率
検知セル４４を通り抜け、この伝導率検知セルから透析
器１８の透析膜の透析側へと流れて行く、センサー４４
で検知された伝導率はフィードバックされ、モしてポン
プ４０を制御するのに用いられ、望ましい透析濃度に見
合う伝導率を得ている。ポンプ４０のストローク比はコ
ントローラ４８により自動的にモニターされ、このコン
トローラ４８がモニターしたストローク比を特定の濃度
における望ましい作動ストロークの範囲と連続的に比較
するようになっている。The mixed dialysis concentrate/aqueous solution flows from the mixing chamber 42 through a conductivity sensing cell 44 and from the conductivity sensing cell to the dialysis side of the dialysis membrane of the dialyzer 18 .
The sensed conductivity is fed back and used to control the pump 40 to obtain the conductivity that matches the desired dialysis concentration. The stroke ratio of pump 40 is automatically monitored by controller 48, which continuously compares the monitored stroke ratio to a range of desired operating strokes at a particular concentration.
異なった、【と者に転用する際、水圧回路は水で水洗さ
れ、そして洗浄流体で洗い流される。洗浄流体の一部は
ある期間にわたり回路内に残留することがある。本明細
書中で使用した「洗浄流体」とは、装置系を通じて洗い
流すことのできる消毒剤や殺菌剤またはその他の化学薬
品を意味している６例えば図面に示すように、容器３８
の取付部３４にコネクタ３０を連結した後に、容器３８
の消毒剤によりポンプ４０を用いている装置系を洗浄す
る。When repurposed for a different application, the hydraulic circuit is flushed with water and flushed with a cleaning fluid. Some of the cleaning fluid may remain in the circuit for a period of time. As used herein, "cleaning fluid" refers to a disinfectant, disinfectant, or other chemical that can be flushed through the system.6 For example, as shown in the drawings, a container 38
After connecting the connector 30 to the mounting portion 34 of the container 38
The equipment system using the pump 40 is cleaned with a disinfectant.
コントローラ４８によりストローク容積を連続的にモニ
ターすることで、伝導率設定値に適合することがありし
かも患者にとって有害な不適当な化学薬品が誤って使用
されるのを防ぐことができる０例えば透析濃縮液をポン
プ輸送し、この透析濃縮液の１部と水の３４部を混合し
、混合してでき上がった溶液の伝導率を設定値として使
用する。ポンプのストローク比が１＝２０のポンプ動作
をするようになれば、警報が鳴らされる。消毒剤をポン
プ輸送して伝導率を設定値に近づけるには、１：２０の
混合割合に付随したストローク比よりも高いストローク
比でポンプ輸送する必要がある。Continuous monitoring of the stroke volume by the controller 48 can meet the conductivity set point and prevent the accidental use of inappropriate chemicals that may be harmful to the patient, such as dialysis concentration. Pump the solution, mix 1 part of this dialysis concentrate with 34 parts of water, and use the conductivity of the mixed solution as the set point. When the pump stroke ratio becomes 1=20, an alarm is sounded. Pumping the disinfectant to bring the conductivity close to the set point requires pumping at a higher stroke ratio than that associated with a 1:20 mixing ratio.
ループ４６が容器３６内のａＷＪｍ濃度の変化を自動的
に補正する他の利点も得られる。Another advantage is that loop 46 automatically compensates for changes in aWJm concentration within vessel 36.
本発明のその他の実施例は特許請求の範囲に含まれてい
る。Other embodiments of the invention are within the scope of the claims.
図面は、本発明に係る透析液製造装置の概略説明図であ
る。
１０・・・透析液製造装置
１２＠・・主要送り配管
１４・・−配管の端部
１６−・・透析器の流入口
１８・・・透析器
２０・・・透析器の血液の流入口
２２Φ・・透析器の血液の流出口
２４・・・透析液の流出口
２６・・・濃縮液送り配管
２８・・・合流部
３０・拳・コネクタ
３２．３４・・Ｑ取付部
３６−φ・透析濃縮液容器
３８・・・消毒剤容器
４０・・・ポンプ
４２・・・混合室
４４争・−伝導率検知セル
４６．４７−＠ゆ配線
４８・・・コントローラ
（他≠人）The drawing is a schematic explanatory diagram of a dialysate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. 10... Dialysate manufacturing device 12 @... Main feed piping 14... - Piping end 16 -... Dialyzer inlet 18... Dialyzer 20... Blood inlet 22Φ of the dialyzer ... Dialyzer blood outlet 24... Dialysate outlet 26... Concentrate feed piping 28... Confluence section 30, fist, connector 32, 34... Q attachment section 36-φ, dialysis Concentrate container 38...Disinfectant container 40...Pump 42...Mixing chamber 44 -Conductivity detection cell 46.47-@yu wiring 48...Controller (other≠person)
Claims (3)
て、当該装置は、 給水源に連絡する一方の端部、および透析器に透析液を
供給する別の端部を備えている主要送り配管と、 透析濃縮液の供給源に連絡する一方の端部、および前記
主要送り配管の合流部に連結されていて当該主要送り配
管内の水に濃縮液を加えることのできる別の端部を備え
ている濃縮液送り配管と、当該濃縮液送り配管の途中に
あってストローク当たりの吐出し量が一定した容積式ポ
ンプと、前記合流部から下流側の前記主要送り配管の途
中にあって、濃縮液をポンプ輸送させるための制御信号
を前記ポンプに送り所望の濃度を得るための濃度センサ
ーと、 前記ポンプのストローク比と望ましい作動ストローク比
の範囲を表わす限界値とを比較する比較器を備えている
コントローラとを有している透析液製造装置。(1) A dialysate manufacturing device for mixing dialysis concentrate and water, the device having one end that communicates with a water supply source and another end that supplies dialysate to a dialyzer. a main feed line, one end communicating with a source of dialysis concentrate, and another end connected to a confluence of the main feed line and capable of adding concentrate to the water in the main feed line; a positive displacement pump with a constant discharge amount per stroke that is located in the middle of the concentrate feed pipe, and a positive displacement pump that is located in the middle of the main feed pipe downstream from the merging part. a concentration sensor for sending a control signal to the pump to pump the concentrate to obtain a desired concentration; and a comparator for comparing the stroke ratio of the pump with a limit value representing a range of desired operating stroke ratios. A dialysate manufacturing device comprising a controller comprising:
おいて、前記濃度センサーはある伝導率設定値を持つ伝
導率センサーであり、この伝導率設定値が前記所望の濃
度に対応する値に関連づけられている透析液製造装置。(2) In the dialysate manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, the concentration sensor is a conductivity sensor having a certain conductivity setting value, and this conductivity setting value is a value corresponding to the desired concentration. dialysate production equipment associated with.
おいて、前記濃縮液送り配管は、当該濃縮液送り配管を
濃縮液の供給源かまたは洗浄流体の供給源に連結する機
構を備え、また前記濃縮液に対する所望の作動ストロー
ク比の範囲を表わす限界値は、前記洗浄流体をポンプ輸
送して前記伝導率設定値の得られる比率を含んでいない
透析液製造装置。(3) In the dialysate manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, the concentrate feed pipe includes a mechanism for connecting the concentrate feed pipe to a concentrate supply source or a cleaning fluid supply source. , and the limits representing the range of desired operating stroke ratios for the concentrate do not include the ratio at which the conductivity set point is obtained by pumping the wash fluid.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US92588586A | 1986-10-30 | 1986-10-30 | |
| US925885 | 1986-10-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63164959A true JPS63164959A (en) | 1988-07-08 |
| JPH056466B2 JPH056466B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 |
Family
ID=25452390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62266145A Granted JPS63164959A (en) | 1986-10-30 | 1987-10-21 | Dialytic liquid preparing apparatus |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63164959A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1293127C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3736711A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2605894B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2201354B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2242181B (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1994-02-02 | Whitbread & Co Plc | A fluid dosing and mixing system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5223345A (en) * | 1975-08-15 | 1977-02-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Multinozzle ink jet recording device |
| JPS5810059A (en) * | 1981-07-10 | 1983-01-20 | 日機装株式会社 | Artificial kidney apparatus |
| JPS60241907A (en) * | 1984-05-16 | 1985-11-30 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp | Liquid supply device |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3508656A (en) * | 1968-04-10 | 1970-04-28 | Milton Roy Co | Portable dialysate supply system |
| IT984697B (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1974-11-20 | Bellco Spa | CONCENTRATE DILUTER FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE DIA LYSIS LIQUID IN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEYS |
| US4153554A (en) * | 1977-02-22 | 1979-05-08 | American Micro-Bionics Corp. | Apparatus for use in artificial kidney system |
| US4371385A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1983-02-01 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Deaerating liquid |
| DE3234119C1 (en) * | 1982-09-14 | 1983-11-17 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Device for blood purification |
-
1987
- 1987-10-21 JP JP62266145A patent/JPS63164959A/en active Granted
- 1987-10-29 DE DE19873736711 patent/DE3736711A1/en active Granted
- 1987-10-29 CA CA000550543A patent/CA1293127C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-10-30 FR FR878715063A patent/FR2605894B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-10-30 GB GB8725435A patent/GB2201354B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5223345A (en) * | 1975-08-15 | 1977-02-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Multinozzle ink jet recording device |
| JPS5810059A (en) * | 1981-07-10 | 1983-01-20 | 日機装株式会社 | Artificial kidney apparatus |
| JPS60241907A (en) * | 1984-05-16 | 1985-11-30 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp | Liquid supply device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2605894B1 (en) | 1991-09-13 |
| GB8725435D0 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| DE3736711C2 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| GB2201354A (en) | 1988-09-01 |
| FR2605894A1 (en) | 1988-05-06 |
| DE3736711A1 (en) | 1988-05-19 |
| GB2201354B (en) | 1990-05-02 |
| CA1293127C (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| JPH056466B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |