JPS63163509A - Method and device for numerical control of enlarged and reduced cutting of graphic - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cut a prescribed shape by increasing or reducing the number of distribution pulse trains based on a certain proportion to cut a graphic enlarged or reduced when a digital signal of the graphic, characters, or the like is NC- controlled on each axis. CONSTITUTION:Encoded shape information stored in a computer is inputted to an operation part 23 through a MODEM which converts this information or is inputted there from a storage part 24 by play-back. The signal inputted to the operation part 23 is decomposed into moving pulse trains in the x-axis direction and those in the y-axis direction similarly to the normal NC control, and the pattern or characters to be worked are reduced or enlarged by an (x) pulse proportional distribution part 27x and a (y) pulse proportional distribution part 27y. Difference between pulses obtained by proportional distribution parts 27x and 27y and feedback pulses obtained from pulse generators 22x and 22y by addition/subtraction counters 28x and 28y are operated, and counted values of addition/subtraction counters 28x and 28y are converted to analog voltage signals by D/A converters 29x and 29y, and a cutter is driven through switches (a) and (b) by analog servo systems 19x-21x and 19y-21y.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> This invention is mainly for cutting complicated items such as characters and symbols used in advertisements and the like.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, it is difficult to automate the processing of complex shapes such as letters used in advertisements, etc., so the processing of equal-sized lines has been carried out using a scroll saw or a blade, depending on the skill of the operator. was.

Further, although NC control is available as a means of automation, it is subject to restrictions in its use.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> As stated above, all of the current methods rely on manual work by skilled workers. Also, as a means of automation, there are methods that rely on NC control, etc., but it is possible to
It is difficult to define processing lines based on the C format. There is also a method of copying the shape by photoelectric copying, but in this case, the dimensions of the template and the dimensions of the cut are 1:1.
Since it can only accommodate the following, it is necessary to create a template with the required dimensions each time. Furthermore, it may not be possible to handle small, complex characters or figures.

Characters and marks have repeatability, and it is desirable to select dimensions each time, but photoelectric copying does not have repeatability and does not have the ability to enlarge or reduce a single matrix.

Measures to Solve the Problems As stated above, the conventional methods can be summarized as follows: 1. Automation, including NC, is difficult.

2. If photoelectric tracers are used, tracking may not be possible.

3. It is impossible to reduce or enlarge figures and characters using the photoelectric copying method.

As a means to solve the above problems, the present invention provides: 1.
NCI+J control is the most suitable method for cutting accurate shapes, but programming is difficult, so the results of tracing the shape using the photoelectric copying method are converted into pulses and stored as minute line segments and straight lines. By playbanking the digitized memory, the exact shape can be arbitrarily reduced or enlarged and replay cutting can be performed automatically.

2. For shapes that cannot be controlled by photoelectric scanning,
An enlarged figure is created in advance, and the shape is reproduced by reducing it according to the method described above.

3. The problem with repetitive matrix patterns was solved by storing the digitized input input using the above method and appropriately reducing or enlarging it during playback. According to the following: 1. Create an enlarged template for one character of a complex figure, and reduce it using a photoelectric tracer.

It can be enlarged and cut to any size.

2. Furthermore, according to the above method, any character or figure can be traced with a photoelectric tracer, so it is possible to avoid the restriction that tracing cannot be controlled.

3. Furthermore, since the memory input and digitized by the above method is prebacked by pulse control, accurate processing can be performed.

4. Repetitive shapes such as characters or symbols can be memorized and freely reduced or enlarged and cut during playback. For example, it is also possible to prepare different fonts such as standard kanji characters and alpha bent numerals, and reproduce them by enlarging or reducing them by pulse control.

<Embodiment> FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the cutting device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a rail which serves as a reference in the Y-axis direction of the X, Y orthogonal plane coordinates. 2 and 3 indicate a traveling saddle and an idler wheel that are driven along the rail 1.

4 is a cross beam that includes a cross rail that serves as a reference for the X axis, and is supported by the saddle 2 and the idler wheel 3.

5 is a template. 6 indicates figures such as characters or symbols drawn on the template. Reference numeral 7 indicates a photoelectric l/sheather section, which decomposes the copying speed into X and Y direction vectors when copying a figure, and drives the Y-axis on-axis 9 of the saddle drive wheel and the cross carriage 10 via the controller shown at 8. The X-axis servo motor 11 is driven by the servo motor 9.
A predetermined shape can be imitated by combining the velocity vectors and 11. In this embodiment, a tracer head 7 and a cutting tool 13 are attached to a connecting pipe 12 fixed to a cross saddle 10.
An example is shown in which the is fixed. Further, when the controller 8 performs analog control of the phototube tracer, the momentum of the saddle 2 and the cross carriage IO is controlled by the pulse encoder 14.
and 15, are stored in digital quantities as minute line segments and straight lines inside the controller 8, and upon reproduction, the figure used for phototube tracing is reduced or enlarged and the cutting tool 13 is driven by the servo motors 9 and 11. driven by
Cut to the required dimensions.

In this embodiment, the photoelectric copying tracer 7 and the processing tool 13
are integrated by a connecting ring 12, but the copying device and the cutting device are dispensed, the momentum due to photoelectric copying is detected by a pulse encoder, digitized by the controller 8, and cutting is performed by a separately provided NC cutting machine. It is also possible to tighten.

In this case, it goes without saying that the drive servo system cannot be used for both copying and cutting, but this selection is determined by the amount of processing and convenience of use.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the present invention in which the servo system for copying control and the servo system for cutting control are shared by the connecting ring 12 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the mechanism of copying control will be explained, and in FIG. 3, the mechanism at the time of cutting will be explained. In Figure 2 <A>
Part indicates a photoelectric copying control unit, and <B> indicates a digital control unit that converts the photoelectric copying control into a digital signal (g indicates a digital control unit that performs enlargement and reduction reproduction. First, the copying control indicated by <A> is conventionally known. 16 is a target figure, 17 is a detection unit for photoelectric tracing control. 18 is a signal obtained from the trace head 17, which is converted into a vector signal in the x and y directions, and is transmitted via servo amplifiers 19X and 19y. , servo motor 20X
, 20Y, and by combining the movements, the tracer head is moved to follow the figure. 21X,
21Y is a tacho generator that forms a closed loop of the analog control system. a.

b indicates an interlocking changeover switch, which is set to the phototube tracing control position.

Note that this interlocking switch is required when the control servo system for copying and cutting is shared, and is unnecessary when the control servo system is provided separately.

Next, the <B> section will be explained. In the figure, reference numerals 22x and 22y are pulse generators that convert the rotation of the servo motor into digital signals, and the signals are stored in the storage section 24 via the arithmetic section 23 through the changeover switch b.

Next, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of digital playback of tracer teaching or pulse control based on an external signal. In the figure, copying and playback switching interlocking switches a and b are shown in the position of digital glue, and 25 is an external input section, for example, a coded shape stored in a separate computer. Information calculation unit 2
There are two methods: inputting the data into the calculating section 23 via the modem 26, which converts the data so that it is compatible with the 3rd generation format, or inputting the data into the calculating section 23 from the storage section 24 using the play bank described above.

Similar to normal NC control, the signal input to the calculation unit 23 is decomposed into a moving pulse train in the X-axis direction and a moving pulse train in the y-axis direction, and is divided into an X-pulse proportional distribution section and an X-pulse proportional distribution section shown at 27x and 27y. The lines close the lines to reduce or enlarge the figures and characters to be processed.

28x, 28y are addition/subtraction counters and proportional distribution section 27X
.

The difference between the pulse obtained from the pulse generator 27Y and the feedback pulse obtained from the pulse generators 22x and 22y is calculated, and the residual values of the addition/subtraction counters 28x and 28y are converted into analog voltages and signals by the D/A converters 29x and 29y, and the switches Analog servo system 19x ~ through a and b
21x and 19y to 21y drive the device previously explained in FIG. 1. Note that the circuit configurations in Figures 2 and 3 are exactly the same, and the interlocking switch a
4 and 5 show that storage and playback can be performed by switching
, 27y are diagrams showing the logic of a pulse proportional distribution section having functions of reduction and enlargement. FIG. 4 shows the reduction logic, and FIG. 5 shows the enlargement logic.

In FIG. 4, a case will be described assuming, for example, that the reduction ratio is 7:3.

Reference numeral 31 denotes an actual pulse input terminal for inputting the distributed pulses generated by the arithmetic unit 23 as previously explained in FIG. The timing signal is generated proportionally to the timing signal to control the timing of this circuit. Further, 34a and 34b indicate reduction/enlargement switching interlocking switches, and the figure shows the connection in the case of reduction, and 35 indicates the output end of the output pulse.

Also, m and s are registers, M and S are accumulators, and registers m and s should be given the larger proportional value for enlargement or reduction of the figure, and S should be given the smaller value. This is what I did.

The accumulators M and S are designed to generate one overflow pulse with a value twice the value applied to m, thereby resetting the accumulators. Therefore, m, s
When 7 and 3 are applied to , both M and S emit an overflow pulse at 7X2=14. Table 1 below describes the reduction function according to the present invention.

Engraving of Book III (no change in content) In the case of reduction of Table 1, in the initial setting stage, 7 and 3 are entered in registers m and S. In step 1, when one pulse is input through the terminal 31, the adder/subtracter 32 becomes 1 and generates one timing pulse, and the contents of the accumulator M do not reach the overflow value of 14, Since part 32 is still +1, a timing pulse is generated as a second step, and the contents of the accumulator become 7+.
Since the overflow value is reached when 7=14, the overflow pulse is phytopunked to the adder/subtracter 32 at -1, and the adder/subtracter is set to O, and becomes ready to accept the next input pulse.

Incidentally, since the accumulator -8 satisfies 3+3=6<14, no overflow pulse from S is generated. 1 more
In the third step where the pulse is manually input, the adder/subtractor becomes +1 and generates a timing pulse, and the value of the accumulator M is 7. The value of S becomes 6+3=9<14. Further, in the fourth step, another timing pulse is issued, and the accumulator 1M becomes 7+7=14, overflows, and feeds back -1 to the addition/subtraction unit 32, setting the addition/subtraction unit to O, but the accumulator S Since 9 + 3 = 12 < 14, there is no output pulse.

In the fifth step, for one input pulse, the adder/subtractor becomes +1 and generates a timing pulse, and the accumulator M becomes 7. At the same time, the accumulator S becomes 12+3 = 15>14, so the overflow pulse becomes 1. At the same time as the pulse is emitted, the accumulator S has 1
5-14=1 remains. In this way, in the 14th step, the state returns to the same state as the initial setting, and the same operation is repeated thereafter. Therefore, since the number of pulses input during 14 steps is 7 and the number of pulses output is 3, if the line segment lengths per pulse are equal, a predetermined scaling will be performed proportionally.

In the explanation of this embodiment, the positive/negative relationship of the x and y coordinates is explained in terms of the positive direction, but if it is in the negative direction, it is naturally processed as negative logic, but it is omitted for the sake of brevity. did.

Figures 4 and 5 are 27x or 27x in Figure 3.
Since it is a proportional distribution along one axis indicated by y, X.

Characters and figures defined on the y-plane must be provided for each axis. If the same proportional scale is used for both the x and y axes, registers m and s should be given the same proportional value, but if the vertical and horizontal proportions are different, the registers m and s should be given the same proportional value. Input and set the amount corresponding to the proportional value for each coordinate axis.

Fig. 5 shows the case of enlargement, and the reduction/enlargement interlocking changeover switches 34a and 34b are connected to the enlargement side, and unlike the case of Fig. 4, the overflow pulse from accumulator M becomes the external output. , the overflow pulse of the accumulator S is fed back to the addition/subtraction section 32.

Table 2 shows the logic of expansion based on FIG.

To explain the case of 3-near expansion in Table 2, in the initial stage, 7 and 3 are input to registers m and S, respectively. In step 1, when a pulse is output through the terminal 31, the adder/N adder 32 becomes -+-1, so one timing pulse is generated, the accumulator M becomes 7, the accumulator S becomes 3, and both are overflow values. 14, a timing pulse 1 is generated as a second step, and since the contents of the accumulator M reach an overflow value of 14 when 7+7=14, an overflow pulse 1 is generated and becomes an external output. The value of M is 14-14=O. In addition, the accumulator S is 3
-+-3=6<14, no overflow pulse is generated, and there is no feedback to the adder/subtractor, so another timing pulse is generated, and in the third step, the value of accumulator M is 7°S, and the value of S is 6+3=9 <14
Then, the process proceeds to the fourth step, generates a timing pulse, and the accumulator M becomes 7+7=14, generates an overflow pulse and outputs it to the outside, and the value of M becomes 14-14=O. Accumulator-8 is 9
Since + 3 = 12 < 14, no overflow occurs. Then, in the fifth step, due to the timing pulse, accumulator M becomes 7, no overflow pulse occurs, but accumulator S becomes 12+3=1.
Since 5>14, an overflow occurs, and 15-14=1 remains, and the overflow pulse is converted to -1 by the adder/subtractor 32 so that 1-1=0, so input pulse 1 is introduced into the sixth step. By repeating the above,
In 14 steps, the state returns to the initial setting, and pulse input/output is repeated, so that an output pulse 7 is obtained for an input pulse 3, and an enlargement function can be achieved.

Effects> According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily enlarge, reduce, or deform the tracing of a figure, such as a single character, using a photoelectric tracer and play it back, thereby making it possible to cut into a predetermined shape. .

Also, standard characters from outside.

Since it is possible to input a pattern, etc. and arbitrarily select and cut a predetermined size, there is no need to create a template or prepare a program for each size and shape, so it is easy to operate and has a large economic effect. .

Furthermore, since it is possible to make larger figures and characters and then reduce them, processing precision can be improved, making an extremely large contribution to industry.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the cutting device. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a memory circuit showing the concept of control. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a reproducing circuit showing the concept of control l. FIG. 4 is a diagram explaining the reduction function of the proportional distribution section. FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining the enlargement function of the proportional distribution section. 1. Rail 69 characters 1 figure 7. Photoelectric tracer 9.11. Servo motors 14, 15. Pulse encoder 16, target figure 17. phototube detection unit 18,
I-race calculation section 19X, 19)' Servo amplifier 20x, 2
0y Servo motors a, b Interlocking changeover switches 21x, 21y Tacho generators 22x, 22y Pulse generator 23, calculation section 24. Storage section 25, external input section 26. Modem 27x, 27y Proportional distribution unit 28X, 28y Addition/subtraction counter 29x, 29y D/A core bar) y-30m, 30
s Proportional value input section 31, input terminal 32. Addition/subtraction section 33, timing pulse generators 34a, 34b Interlocking changeover switch 35, output terminals m, s Registers M, S Accumulator Applicant: Koike Oxygen Industry Co., Ltd. $4 Figure 5 Round procedure amendment (method) % formula % 1 , Incident Display Patent Application No. 308236 of 1988 2, Title of Patent Numerical control method and apparatus for enlarging and reducing cutting of figures. 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: 3-35-16 Nishikoiwa, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, March 40, 1986 (Shipping port: March 310, 1988) 5.
Detailed description of the invention in the specification to be amended. 6. Contents of amendment

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Digital signals such as figures, characters, etc. by tracer digitizing or externally inputted for each axis
C. A numerical control method in which the distribution pulse train is increased or decreased based on a fixed proportion to enlarge or reduce the figure. (2) Digital signals such as figures and characters input by tracer digitizing or externally for each axis
In the numerical control method, the distribution pulse train is increased or decreased based on a certain proportion to enlarge or reduce the figure. It has a register that gives a proportional value for expansion or contraction, and an accumulator that overflows at twice the input value of the larger proportional value, and an addition/subtraction unit that can process the input pulse train pulse by pulse. The entire system is controlled by a timing generator controlled by a timing generator, and an overflow pulse of accumulator M or S is outputted by a reduction/enlargement switch, and the ratio of the number of input pulses to the number of output pulses is set to a predetermined enlargement or reduction ratio. A numerical control method that performs characteristic input/output conversion to enlarge, reduce, and cut figures. (3) Digital signals such as figures and characters by tracer digitizing or externally inputted for each axis
In C control, a numerical control method is characterized in that the distribution pulse train is increased or decreased based on a certain proportion to enlarge or reduce the figure, as explained in FIGS. 4 and 5. It has a register that provides a proportional value for enlarging or contracting a figure, an accumulator that overflows at twice the input value of the larger proportional value, and an addition/subtraction unit that can process the input pulse train pulse by pulse. The entire system is controlled by a timing generator controlled by the section, and the overflow pulse of the accumulator M or S is outputted by the reduction/enlargement switch, so that the ratio of the number of input pulses to the number of output pulses is set to a predetermined enlargement or reduction ratio. A numerical control device that performs input/output conversion and enlarges and reduces shapes.