JPS6314196B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6314196B2 JPS6314196B2 JP18449280A JP18449280A JPS6314196B2 JP S6314196 B2 JPS6314196 B2 JP S6314196B2 JP 18449280 A JP18449280 A JP 18449280A JP 18449280 A JP18449280 A JP 18449280A JP S6314196 B2 JPS6314196 B2 JP S6314196B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pitch angle
- wind turbine
- wind speed
- wind
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、特に大型のプロペラ型風車を制御す
るのに適した制御方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a control method particularly suitable for controlling large propeller type wind turbines.
一般に、大型のプロペラ型風車においては、構
造強度等の面から回転数一定の条件を守らねばな
らないのが通例である。このような大型のプロペ
ラ型風車によつて風力発電を行う場合、ある一定
値以上の風速が得られる場合には定格出力を得る
ことができるが、それ以下の低風速では定格出力
に達せず、しかも運転時間の大部分を定格以下で
発電し、電力の系統投入を行つているため、その
領域における風車の性能を高めることが非常に重
要となる。 Generally, in large propeller type wind turbines, it is customary to maintain a constant rotational speed condition from the viewpoint of structural strength and the like. When generating wind power using such a large propeller-type wind turbine, the rated output can be obtained if the wind speed is above a certain value, but if the wind speed is lower than that, the rated output will not be reached. Moreover, most of the operating time is spent generating power below the rated power and inputting power to the grid, so it is extremely important to improve the performance of wind turbines in this area.
従来の大型プロペラ型風車（ほぼ50kW以上）
においては、第５図に示すように、上記風速に対
応した運転制御として、定格風速以上ではブレー
ドのピツチ角の調整により定パワーモードで運転
し、定格風速以下では一定のピツチ角を保つ定ピ
ツチ角モードで運転している。しかしながら、上
記定ピツチ角モードでは、ある限度以上ピツチ角
が浅い場合、即ちブレードがフラツトに近い場
合、空気力学的に急激に効率が低下する風速領域
があり、万遍なく効率的な運転を行うことができ
ない。 Conventional large propeller type wind turbine (approximately 50kW or more)
As shown in Figure 5, as an operation control corresponding to the above wind speed, when the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed, the pitch angle of the blade is adjusted to operate in constant power mode, and when the wind speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the pitch angle is maintained constant. Driving in corner mode. However, in the constant pitch angle mode described above, when the pitch angle is shallower than a certain limit, that is, when the blade is close to flat, there is a wind speed region where the aerodynamic efficiency suddenly decreases, and the machine is not able to operate efficiently evenly. I can't.
本発明は、第４図からわかるように、風車回転
数を一定に維持した大型プロペラ型風車の制御に
おいて、上記定格風速以下の場合における運転モ
ードとして、最大パワーモードを採用し、ブレー
ドのピツチ角の制御を行いながら最大出力を取出
すことにより極めて高効率に運転できるようにし
たプロペラ型風車の制御方法を提供するものであ
る。 As can be seen from FIG. 4, the present invention employs the maximum power mode as the operating mode when the wind speed is below the rated wind speed in the control of a large propeller type wind turbine that maintains the wind turbine rotation speed constant. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control method for a propeller-type wind turbine that enables extremely highly efficient operation by extracting the maximum output while controlling the wind turbine.
即ち、本発明の制御方法は、回転数を一定に維
持して運転する大型のプロペラ型風車の制御にお
いて、それに付設した風速計で風速を検出し、計
算機により、上記風車における定格風速以下の範
囲内において、上記風速計で検出した風速に対応
した最大パワーが得られるピツチ角を計算し、そ
の計算結果に基づいてピツチ角操作機構を駆動し
てブレードのピツチ角を調整することを特徴とす
るものである。 That is, in the control method of the present invention, in controlling a large propeller-type wind turbine that operates while maintaining a constant rotation speed, an anemometer attached to the wind turbine detects the wind speed, and a computer calculates a range of wind speeds below the rated wind speed of the wind turbine. The pitch angle at which the maximum power can be obtained corresponding to the wind speed detected by the anemometer is calculated, and the pitch angle of the blade is adjusted by driving a pitch angle operating mechanism based on the calculation result. It is something.
以下、図面を参照して本発明をさらに詳細に説
明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図はプロペラ型風車に本発明に基づく最大
パワーモードを適用した場合と一般的な定ピツチ
角モードを適用した場合の特性を示すもので、横
軸に先端速度比μ（＝ＲΩ／Ｕ、但し、Ｒ：風車
半径、Ω：風車回転速度、Ｕ：風速）をとり、そ
のμの値に対応するピツチ角と性能係数を示して
いる。この図から明らかなように、定格風速以下
の低風速範囲内において、一般的な定ピツチ角モ
ードを適用する場合は、ブレードのピツチ角を一
定値β′に保ち、その場合のμの値に応じた性能係
数の変化は曲線Cp′で示すようになる。一方、本
発明の最大パワーモードを適用した場合には、μ
の値に対応した最大パワーを得るピツチ角がβの
曲線で示すような変化を示し、またそのピツチ角
によつて曲線Cpで示すような性能係数を得るこ
とができる。 Figure 1 shows the characteristics when the maximum power mode based on the present invention is applied to a propeller-type wind turbine and when the general constant pitch angle mode is applied. The horizontal axis shows the tip speed ratio μ (=RΩ/U , where R: wind turbine radius, Ω: wind turbine rotation speed, U: wind speed), and the pitch angle and performance coefficient corresponding to the value of μ are shown. As is clear from this figure, when applying the general constant pitch angle mode in a low wind speed range below the rated wind speed, the pitch angle of the blade is kept at a constant value β', and the value of μ in that case is The corresponding change in the coefficient of performance is shown by the curve Cp'. On the other hand, when the maximum power mode of the present invention is applied, μ
The pitch angle that obtains the maximum power corresponding to the value of changes as shown by the curve β, and depending on the pitch angle, it is possible to obtain a coefficient of performance as shown by the curve Cp.
従つて、本発明によれば、一般的な定ピツチ角
モードを適用した場合に比べて、第１図及び第４
図中の斜線部分から明らかなように常に性能が数
％以上向上することになり、極めて効率的な運転
を行うことができる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, compared to the case where a general constant pitch angle mode is applied,
As is clear from the shaded area in the figure, the performance is always improved by several percent or more, and extremely efficient operation can be achieved.
第２図は、このような本発明の方法を実施する
プロペラ型風車の構成を示し、また第３図はその
要部の構成をブロツク図によつて示すものであ
る。 FIG. 2 shows the construction of a propeller-type wind turbine that implements the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows the construction of its main parts in a block diagram.
第２図に示すプロペラ型風車は、タワー１上に
風車２を支持するナセル３を設置し、ナセル３内
において風車２の出力軸４に発電機５を接続した
ものであり、上記風車２に回転数を一定に維持す
るための手段を付設し、さらにナセル３またはタ
ワー１等に風速計７を取付け、これをナセル３内
の小型の計算機８に接続している。また、風車２
にはサーボ制御装置９等によつてブレード１０の
ピツチ角操作機構１１が設けられている。 The propeller-type wind turbine shown in FIG. 2 has a nacelle 3 that supports a wind turbine 2 installed on a tower 1, and a generator 5 connected to the output shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2 within the nacelle 3. A means for maintaining the rotational speed constant is provided, and an anemometer 7 is attached to the nacelle 3 or the tower 1, etc., and this is connected to a small computer 8 in the nacelle 3. Also, windmill 2
A pitch angle control mechanism 11 for the blade 10 is provided by a servo control device 9 or the like.
このような構成を有するプロペラ型風車を運転
する場合、その定格風速以下でカツトイン風速ま
での範囲内において、風速計７によつて風速Ｕを
検出し、これが逐次計算機８に入力される。 When operating a propeller-type wind turbine having such a configuration, the wind speed U is detected by the anemometer 7 within the range below the rated wind speed and up to the cut-in wind speed, and this is sequentially input to the computer 8.
計算機８においては、第３図から明らかなよう
に、出力軸４の回転数Ω（一定）及び風速Ｕに基
づいて先端速度比μの計算を行い、さらに予めプ
ログラムされている関数に基づき、上記μに対応
した最大パワーが得られるピツチ角βを計算し、
その結果がパルス信号として出力される。このパ
ルス信号は、デイジタル制御が可能なサーボ制御
装置９に送られ、その駆動によつてピツチ角操作
機構１１が動作し、ブレード１０のピツチ角が所
期の値に調整される。 As is clear from FIG. 3, the calculator 8 calculates the tip speed ratio μ based on the rotational speed Ω (constant) of the output shaft 4 and the wind speed U, and further calculates the tip speed ratio μ based on a preprogrammed function. Calculate the pitch angle β that gives the maximum power corresponding to μ,
The result is output as a pulse signal. This pulse signal is sent to a digitally controllable servo control device 9, which operates the pitch angle operating mechanism 11, thereby adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 10 to a desired value.
上記計算機８に予めプログラムしておく関数
は、解析による方法、実験による方法、その他任
意の方法によつて決定すればよい。 The functions to be programmed in the computer 8 in advance may be determined by an analytical method, an experimental method, or any other arbitrary method.
以上に詳述した本発明の方法によれば、プロペ
ラ型風車における定格風速以下の低風速範囲にお
いて、ブレードのピツチ角の制御を行いながら最
大出力を取出すことにより、極めて高効率に運転
することができる。 According to the method of the present invention detailed above, in a low wind speed range below the rated wind speed of a propeller-type wind turbine, it is possible to operate extremely efficiently by extracting maximum output while controlling the pitch angle of the blades. can.
第１図は本発明及び従来例のプロペラ型風車の
特性を示す線図、第２図及び第３図は本発明を適
用したプロペラ型風車の構成図、第４図及び第５
図は本発明及び従来の風車における各種特性を示
す線図である。
４…出力軸、８…計算機、１０…ブレード、１
１…ピツチ角操作機構。
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the characteristics of propeller type wind turbines of the present invention and conventional examples, Figs. 2 and 3 are block diagrams of propeller type wind turbines to which the present invention is applied, and Figs. 4 and 5.
The figure is a diagram showing various characteristics of the present invention and a conventional wind turbine. 4...Output shaft, 8...Calculator, 10...Blade, 1
1... Pitch angle operation mechanism.
Claims (1)
ペラ型風車の制御において、それに付設した風速
計で風速を検出し、計算機により、上記風車にお
ける定格風速以下の範囲内において、上記風速計
で検出した風速に対応した最大パワーが得られる
ピツチ角を計算し、その計算結果に基づいてピツ
チ角操作機構を駆動してブレードのピツチ角を調
整することを特徴とするプロペラ型風車の制御方
法。1. In controlling a large propeller-type wind turbine that operates while maintaining a constant rotation speed, the wind speed is detected by an anemometer attached to the wind turbine, and a computer determines that the wind speed detected by the anemometer is within the range below the rated wind speed of the wind turbine. A method for controlling a propeller-type wind turbine, the method comprising calculating the pitch angle at which the maximum power can be obtained corresponding to the wind speed, and adjusting the pitch angle of the blades by driving a pitch angle operating mechanism based on the calculation result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18449280A JPS57108473A (en) | 1980-12-24 | 1980-12-24 | Control method for propeller type wind-wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18449280A JPS57108473A (en) | 1980-12-24 | 1980-12-24 | Control method for propeller type wind-wheel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57108473A JPS57108473A (en) | 1982-07-06 |
| JPS6314196B2 true JPS6314196B2 (en) | 1988-03-29 |
Family
ID=16154117
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18449280A Granted JPS57108473A (en) | 1980-12-24 | 1980-12-24 | Control method for propeller type wind-wheel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57108473A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59172935A (en) * | 1983-03-22 | 1984-09-29 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Generating system utilizing natural energy |
| JPS60240882A (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-11-29 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Wind power generator |
| JP6650317B2 (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2020-02-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Operating method of wind power generator, wind farm or wind power generator |
-
1980
- 1980-12-24 JP JP18449280A patent/JPS57108473A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57108473A (en) | 1982-07-06 |
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