JPS6313943A - Speed change operating mechanism of manual speed change gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the lever operating force, by assembling a valve spool and a piston to the first and second shafts, which relatively rotate through operation of the operating lever, and assembling the valve spool in a hole within the piston in a slidable manner together with selectively controlling the supplying and discharging of working oil. CONSTITUTION:When an operating lever is operated in the shifting direction, a shaft 11 is rotated by the predetermined amount. At the same time, an arm member 17 is also rotated, and a valve spool 15 is slided in the axial direction. When the operation is just started, since the torque is small, the piston 14 slides as an integrated body with the spool 15. At the same time, a connecting shaft 16 and the second shaft 12 are rotated, thereby starting the shift-head operation. Then, the torque of the shaft 11 increases, while a spring member 19 is deflected. Thus, a relative deviation between the piston 14 and the valve spool 15 is generated. As a result, owing to the combination of the oil supplying passages, the working oil is supplied to an oil chamber R2, thereby correcting the deviation. In addition, since the shaft 12 is rotated by this sliding of the piston 14, the shifting operation is aided in correspondence to the torque of the shaft 11, or the operation is lightened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a shift operating device ti for a manual transmission, and more particularly to a shift operating mechanism equipped with a power assist mechanism that assists image formation in the shift direction of a control lever.

[Prior art]

In general, with a manual transmission, operating the control lever in the select direction requires a small operating force, but operating the control lever in the shift direction requires a large operating force, especially in vehicles equipped with large torque engines and large latch. In this case, a large operating force is required for operation in the shift direction. For this reason,
For example, a speed change operation mechanism equipped with a power assist mechanism that assists the operation of the operation lever in the shift direction is disclosed in Utility Model No. 48-3.
This is shown in Japanese Patent No. 8276.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Incidentally, such a speed change operation mechanism includes a piston rod that is assembled airtightly and slidably in the axial direction into a cylinder and divides the inside of the cylinder into two pressure chambers, and a piston rod that supplies pressurized air to the two pressure chambers. Although a valve mechanism is provided for selectively supplying and discharging air to and from the pressure chamber, this valve mechanism has a problem in that it has a complicated structure and has an extremely large number of constituent members.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has been made to address these problems, and the shift operation mechanism according to the present invention is rotatably supported within a case cover provided in a transmission case, and is rotated by operating a control lever in the shift direction. It has a first shaft and a lever facing into the transmission case, and is attached to the first shaft so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and slidable in the axial direction, and selectively attached to each shift head when sliding. a second shaft that operates a shift head that engages and engages during rotation, and a power assist mechanism disposed at one end side of both shafts, and the power assist mechanism is arranged in the case. A cylinder is provided at one end of the cover and extends perpendicularly to the sides of both shafts, and a cylinder is installed in an inner hole of the cylinder so as to be liquid-tight and slidable in the axial direction. a hollow shaft-shaped piston that is partitioned into two oil chambers and is connected to the second shaft and rotates the shaft by sliding; and a rod-shaped valve spool that constitutes a switching valve mechanism and that is connected to the first shaft and slid by the rotation of the shaft to selectively control the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the two chambers. It is characterized by

[Action/effect of the invention]

According to this configuration, the first shaft rotates with respect to the second shaft by operating the operating lever in the shift direction, and the valve spool deviates in the axial direction with respect to the piston in accordance with this relative rotation. As a result, the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to both chambers in the cylinder is controlled, and the piston follows the valve spool and slides in the axial direction due to the action of the pressure oil in one oil chamber, rotating the second shaft. assists the operating force in the shift direction.

In such a configuration, the power assist mechanism is disposed at one end of both shafts, and the mechanism is composed of a cylinder, a piston, and a valve spool that together with the piston constitutes a switching valve mechanism.
The power assist mechanism has fewer components (and the structure is simple).

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a speed change operation mechanism 10 according to the present invention.
It is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the shift operation mechanism 10 is assembled to the upper part of a vehicle manual transmission 21, and extends in the left-right direction between a case 21a of the transmission 21 and a vehicle floor 22. The gear shift operation mechanism 10 is connected via two push-pull cables 24a and 24b to an operation lever 23 attached to the upper surface of the vehicle floor 22, and the rotation operation of the operation lever 23 in the front and rear direction (shift direction), the shift is operated via the push-pull cable 24a, and the operation lever 23 is rotated in the left-right direction (
Select operation is performed via the push-pull cable 24b according to the selection direction).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the speed change operation mechanism 10 has a first shaft 11. The main components are a cylinder 13, a piston 14, and a valve spool 15 that constitute the second shaft 12 and the power assist mechanism.

The first shaft 11 is liquid-tightly and rotatably supported by a case cover 21b attached to the upper part of the mission case 21a, and extends into the cover 21b. The second shaft 12 is a hollow shaft having an outer spline 12a on the outer periphery of one end and a lever portion 12b on the other end, and is assembled to the outer periphery of the first shaft 11 so as to be rotatable and slidable in the axial direction. It is attached. In this second shaft 12, the case cover 21b is connected to the case cover 21b via a hollow connecting shaft 16 spline-fitted to the outer spline 12a.
It is rotatably supported by a shaft, and is positioned at a predetermined position (neutral position in the selection direction) by the urging force of a pair of left and right compression springs 17a and 17b. Further, the lever portion 12b of the second shaft 12 faces into the transmission case 21a, and selectively engages and disengages from the three shift heads 25a, 25b, and 25c. The first push-pull cable 24a connected to the operating lever 23 is connected to a lever 26a rotatably assembled to the end of the first shaft 1-11, and the second push-pull cable 24b is connected to the case cover 21b. Part 2 of the lever that constitutes the bell crank that is swingably assembled
It is connected to the swinging end of 6b. The swinging end of the other lever part 26c constituting the bell crank engages with the outer periphery of the second shaft 12, and swings integrally with the lever part 26b in the axial direction of the shaft 12.

The cylinder 13 constituting the power assist mechanism is provided integrally with an example of the case cover 21b, and extends rearward along the outside of the mission case 21a. The cylinder 13 has an inlet port 13a at its middle side and an outlet port 13b at its rear end. The piston I4 is shaped like a hollow shaft, has a large-diameter portion 14a at its intermediate portion, and has a connecting portion 18 for the second shaft 12 at its front end, so that it can slide in the cylinder 13 in a liquid-tight manner and in the axial direction. It is inserted.

In the piston 14, the large diameter portion 14a functions as a piston portion, and divides the inside of the cylinder 13 into two oil chambers R1 and R2 in the axial direction. In addition, the large diameter portion 14a also functions as a valve sleeve.
An annular groove 14C that communicates with the inlet port 13a of the cylinder 13, and a supply oil passage 14 that communicates with the inner hole 14d.
e, a plurality of oil supply/discharge passages 14f, 14g communicating with the inner hole 14d and each oil chamber R1, R2, and a pair of annular grooves 14h, 14i opening into the inner hole 14d. The valve spool 15 has a rod shape, and is fitted into the inner hole 14d of the piston 14 in a fluid-tight manner and slidable in the axial direction. The valve spool 15 constitutes a switching valve mechanism together with the large diameter portion 14a of the piston 14, and each oil supply/discharge path 14f.

A pair of rings constantly communicating with 14g: a15a, 15b1
a discharge oil passage 15c provided coaxially and open at one end;
Communication passages 15d and 15e are provided which communicate with the discharge oil passage 15c and each of the annular grooves 14h and 141. Thereby, the piston 14 and the valve spool 15 constitute a center-open type four-way switching valve mechanism.

The connecting portion of the piston 14 is shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4.
As shown in the figure, it consists of a pair of left and right semi-cylindrical members 18a, 18b, which are fitted onto one end of the piston 14 and fixed to each other with two bolts 18c, 18d.

An engagement groove 18e is formed in one of the semi-cylindrical members 18a, and an arm portion 16a protruding from the connection shaft 16 is engaged with the engagement groove 18e. Thereby, the piston 14 is connected to the shaft 12 via the connection shaft 16, and rotates the second shaft 12 when sliding in the axial direction. Also, valve spool 1
5 is also formed with an engagement groove 15f, and the first shaft 1
An arm member 17c is engaged with one end of the arm member 17c, which is integrally rotatably assembled. Thereby, the valve spool 15 is connected to the first shaft 11 via the arm member 17c, and when the shaft 11 rotates, the valve spool 15 slides in the axial direction. This rotation of the arm member 17c is caused by the connecting shirt 1-
A pair of stoppers 16b and 16c protruding from the shaft 16 restrict the rotation to a predetermined amount, and after the arm member 17c abuts one of the stoppers 16b and 16c, the connecting shaft 16 and the second shaft 12 are rotated integrally. The piston 14 and the valve spool 5 have spring members 19 at their ends.
are connected to each other by. The spring member 19 is made up of two parallel plate springs 19a, 19b joined at one end, as shown in FIG. Bolt 19C at the end of 15.

It is stopped at 19d. As a result, when the operating torque of the first shaft 11 exceeds a predetermined value, the spring member 19 is bent in accordance with the operating torque, and the piston 14 and the valve spool 15 are bent.
A relative deviation in the axial direction is generated in between depending on the operating torque.

Note that the reference numeral 27 shown in FIG. 2 is a known reverse misshift prevention mechanism. In addition, each shift head 25a to 25
c is also a known one and is assembled to each fork shaft 25d to 25f, and each fork shaft 25d to 25f
Activate the shift forks for 1st-2nd speed, 3rd-4th speed, and 5th speed-reverse that are assembled on the.

In the shift operation mechanism 10 configured in this way,
By operating the operating lever 23 in the select direction, both lever parts 26b and 26C forming the bell crank are actuated, and the second shaft 12 is slid in the axial direction. As a result, the lever portion 12b of the second shaft 12 engages with any one of the shift heads 25a to 25C. Next, when the operating lever 23 is operated in the shift direction, the first shaft 11 rotates by a predetermined amount, causing the arm member 17c to rotate and the valve spool 15 to slide in the axial direction. When the operation lever 23 starts operating, the operating torque of the first shaft 11 is less than a predetermined value, so the spring member 19 does not bend, and the piston 14 slides in the axial direction together with the valve spool 15 to close the connection shaft. 16. Rotate the second shaft 12 and start shifting one of the shift heads 25a to 25c.

As a result, the operation of the operating lever 23 becomes heavy because synchronous snow making (not shown) is activated, and the operating torque of the first shaft 11 exceeds a predetermined value, causing the spring member 19 to bend. As a result, a relative displacement in the axial direction occurs between the piston 14 and the valve spool 15, which activates the power assist mechanism.

However, in the power assist mechanism, the piston 1
If there is no relative deviation between the oil pump 28a driven by the engine and the valve spool 15, the cylinder 1
The hydraulic oil supplied through the inlet boat 13a of No. 3 is supplied to the annular groove 14c, the supply oil passage 14e, each annular groove 15a, 1
5b, each annular groove 14h, 14i, each communication path 15d, 15
e and the outlet boat 13 via the discharge oil path 15c.
b to the reservoir 28b. On the other hand, piston 14
If a relative deviation occurs between the valve spool 15 and the valve spool 15, for example, if the valve spool 15 slides relative to the piston 14 in the direction of arrow A in FIG.
Communication with the oil passage 14e and the annular groove 15b is ensured. Furthermore, communication between the annular grooves 15a and 14h is ensured, and communication between the annular grooves 15b and 141 is cut off. As a result, the hydraulic oil is supplied from the supply oil passage 14e to the annular groove 15b and the oil supply/discharge passage 14g to the oil chamber R2, and the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber R1 is supplied to the oil supply/discharge passage 14f, the respective annular grooves 15a, 14h. , the communication path 15d, and the discharge oil path 15c, and are discharged from the outlet boat 13b to the reservoir 28b. As a result, the piston 14 is slid in the direction of arrow A by the action of the oil pressure in the oil chamber R2, and the deviation with respect to the valve spool 15 is corrected. Due to the sliding of this piston 14, the connecting shaft 16 and the second shaft 1
2 rotates, the shift operation of the operating lever 23 is the first
It is assisted according to the operation torque of the shaft 11, and the shift operation becomes lighter.

Also, the valve spool 15 is in the second position relative to the piston 14.
In the case of sliding in the direction of arrow B in the figure, assistance is provided in the same way, but in this case, communication between the supply oil passage 14e and the annular groove 'tR15a is ensured, and the oil passage 14e and the annular groove 1
Communication with 5b is cut off. Further, the annular grooves 15a and 14
communication with the annular grooves 15b and 14i is cut off.
The piston 14 is slid in the direction of arrow B by the action of the oil pressure in the oil chamber R1.

By the way, in the speed change operation mechanism 10, the power assist mechanism is disposed at one end side of both shafts 11. , it can be configured with a simple structure using fewer components. In particular, since the shift operation mechanism 10 is disposed in a narrow space between the mission case 21a and the heavy floor 22 as shown in FIG. 1, it can be assembled compactly in terms of the layout of the power assist mechanism.

In this embodiment, the piston 14 and the valve spool 15 are connected to each other by a spring member 19 having a predetermined spring force, and the relative deviation between these two 14 and 15 is caused depending on the operating torque of the first shaft 11. It is designed to assist the shift operation by creating a position. Therefore, it is possible to generate an assisting force corresponding to the shift operation force, and it is possible to smoothly perform a shift operation with a light operation while sensing the shift situation in the transmission using the operation lever 23. Further, in this embodiment, the arm member 17c is attached to the connecting shaft 16.
a pair of stoppers 16b, which restricts rotation beyond a predetermined amount;
16c is installed protrudingly. Therefore, the relative deviation between the piston 14 and the valve spool 15 is regulated within a predetermined range,
Excessive operation of the power assist mechanism is prevented, and in the event of a failure of the power assist mechanism, a shift operation can be performed with both shafts 1-11, 12 mechanically connected.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the above embodiment.

In this modification of the speed change operation mechanism 30, the first shaft of the present invention corresponds to the first shaft 31, and the second shaft corresponds to the second shaft 32a and the lever shaft 32b. Therefore, in this second shaft, the second shaft 32a is attached to the outer periphery of the first shaft 31 so as to be rotatable only in the circumferential direction, and the lever shaft 3 is attached to the outer spline 32al of the second shaft 32a.
2b is assembled so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. The lever shirt l-32b has a pair of left and right compression springs 37a.
, 37b, and its lever portion 32b1 faces into the mission case 21a and selectively engages and disengages from the three shift rads 25a to 25c. 7 and 8 at one end of the first shaft 31.
An arm member 37c shown in the figure is fixed, and a connecting arm 36 is fitted to one end of the second shaft 32a.

This connecting arm 36 is provided with a stopper 36b, and the stopper 36b is connected to the notch 37 of the arm member 37c.
c1, the rotation of the arm member 37c beyond a predetermined amount is restricted. Note that the reference numeral 36a is an arm of the connecting arm 36.

In such a modification, by selectively operating the operating lever 23, both lever portions 26b, 2 of the bell crank are operated.
6c is activated, and the lever shaft 32b slides in the axial direction. Thereby, the lever shaft 32b engages with any one of the shift heads 25a to 25c. Next, when the operating lever 23 is operated in the shift direction, the first shaft 31
rotates by a predetermined amount to rotate the arm member 37C and slide the valve spool 35 in the axial direction. As a result, a relative deviation in the axial direction occurs between the valve spool 35 and the piston 34 as in the above embodiment, and the power assist mechanism is activated.
This assists the rotation of the second shaft 32a and lever shirt 32b in the shift direction. That is, the speed change operation mechanism 3
0 functions in the same manner as the speed change operation mechanism 10 of the above embodiment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a speed change operation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from the rear, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the same mechanism, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic perspective view showing the assembled state of the mechanism to the transmission, Figure 4 is a partially cutaway side view seen from the arrow ■ direction in Figure 2, Figure 5 is a front view of the spring member, and Figure 6 is 7 is a perspective view of a connecting arm and an arm member in the same mechanism, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional rear view corresponding to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view taken in the direction of the arrow ■ in the figure. Explanation of symbols 10.30...speed change operation mechanism, 11.31...first
Shaft, 12.32a...Second shaft, 12b.
...Lever fJ, 32b...Lever shaft, 13.
... Cylinder, 14.34 ... Piston, 15.35
...Valve spool, 16...Connection shaft, 17
c...Arm member, 19...Spring member, 23...
Operation lever. Applicant Toyota Motor Corporation Representative Patent Attorney Teru Hase - (1 other person)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first shaft rotatably supported in a case cover provided in a mission case and rotated by operating an operating lever in a shift direction, and a lever facing inside the mission case, with respect to the first shaft. a second shaft that is assembled to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and slidable in the axial direction and selectively engages each shift head when sliding and operates the shift heads that are engaged when rotating; A power assist mechanism is provided at one end of the case cover. and a hollow shaft-shaped piston that is assembled to be slidable in the axial direction, partitions the inside of the inner hole into two axial oil chambers, and is connected to the second shaft and rotates the shaft by sliding; The piston is slidably assembled in the inner hole of the piston in the axial direction, and together with the piston constitutes a switching valve mechanism. A speed change operation mechanism for a manual transmission that is equipped with a rod-shaped valve spool that selectively controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil.