JPS63134867A - Ocean temperature difference power generation set - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the efficiency of a plant by using the mixed fluid of a fluid having a low boiling point and a fluid having a high boiling point as working fluid and using the fluid having a low boiling point which is absorbed into the fluid having a high boiling point according to the temperature, pressure, and concentration and carrying out the condensation in a condenser through the anisothermal change. CONSTITUTION:The mixed fluid aqueous ammonia supplied from a liquid feeding pump 7 is heated by a water feed type heat exchanger 21 and introduced as working fluid 3 into a turbine 4 through an evaporator 8 and a heat source 16 (solar heat, etc.), and expansion work is generated. The working fluid 3 is cooled in a waste heat recovering device 11, and mixed with the liquid fluid 14 mixed with the aqueous ammonia having a low concentration and converted to the cooling condensed liquid by the cold seawater 2 in a condenser 6. After the rise of pressure by a pump 12, a portion is converged with the rest portion through the waste heat recovery device 11, gas-liquid separator 13, and a water supply type heat exchanger 21, and cooling condensed by the cold seawater 2 in a condenser 23, and then supplied into a liquid feeding pump 7, and circulation is repeated. Therefore, the efficiency of a plant is improved, and the thermodynamical loss can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a power generation device applied to ocean temperature difference power generation for a motor product.

[Prior Art] Figure 2 shows an ocean temperature difference power generation cycle in which warm seawater (around 30°C) is used as a high heat source and cold seawater (around 10°C) is used as a low heat source. In FIG. 2, a single component fluid such as ammonia having a low boiling point is used as the working fluid 03. The liquid phase ammonia that has exited the condenser 06 is pressurized by the supply pump 07 and exchanged heat with warm seawater 01 in the evaporator 08 to become an ammonia gas working fluid 03, which undergoes expansion work in the turbine 04 and is powered by the generator 05. After rotating to generate electricity, it exchanges heat with cold seawater 02 in a condenser 06 and condenses.

The condensed ammonia is circulated again by the liquid supply pump 07.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] As described above, in ocean temperature difference power generation, the temperature on the high-temperature heat source side is low, and the temperature difference between the high-temperature source and the low-temperature source is small.
Plant efficiency is at a low value of 2-3%.

This is due not only to the small temperature difference between the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source, but also to the inefficiency of low heat source utilization in the condensation process due to the use of a single component working fluid. That is, in the case of a single component fluid, the condensation process is an isothermal change, and the condensation temperature depends on the temperature on the outlet side of the condenser cooling water (low heat source).

The latent heat of the condenser cooling water condensation process is absorbed, and the temperature on the outlet side becomes higher than the temperature on the inlet side. Therefore, if the condensation temperature is made to depend on the condenser cooling water inlet temperature, this corresponds to a decrease in the cold source temperature, and the cycle efficiency increases.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a low boiling point fluid as a differential fluid;
The working fluid is a mixed fluid with a high boiling point fluid, and the low boiling point fluid is one that is absorbed by the high boiling point fluid according to its temperature, pressure, and concentration. It is mixed with the working fluid to reduce the concentration of the low boiling point fluid and is absorbed and condensed in the condenser. In this way, condensation within the condenser occurs with non-isothermal changes, and condensation is completed near the outlet. In other words, condensation depends on the temperature on the input side of the cooling water, and in the case of a single working fluid, condensation depends on the temperature on the cooling water outlet side), which has an effect equivalent to lowering the temperature of the cooling water compared to condensation of a single working fluid. , the internal pressure of the capacitor decreases. Furthermore, since the concentration of the low boiling point fluid is reduced by mixing at the condenser inlet, the saturated liquid pressure (that is, the condenser internal pressure) is relatively reduced at the same temperature compared to the working fluid that is mixed or higher. Because of these effects, the above-mentioned working fluid can lower the internal pressure of the condenser and perform more work in the turbine than a single-component working fluid. Low-boiling point fluids in the working fluid can be evaporated in a boiler using normal warm seawater as a heat source, but this is not sufficient to evaporate high-boiling point fluids (such as water), so solar heat, etc., can be used as a heat source higher than warm seawater. Use it and evaporate it.

In this way, a high-temperature heat source such as solar heat is not used for heating and evaporating a low-boiling point fluid in a low-temperature range, but instead is used for high-temperature applications, thereby reducing thermodynamic loss.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Here, ammonia is used as a low boiling point fluid, water is used as a high boiling point fluid, and an example of application to ocean temperature difference power generation is shown in which a mixture of these fluids, ammonia water, is used as a working fluid.

The working fluid 3 supplied by the feed pump 7 is heated in the feed water heat exchanger 21 and then enters the evaporator 8 . Here, ammonia in the working fluid 3 is mainly evaporated using warm seawater as a heat source.

The liquid phase component in the working fluid 3 leaving the evaporator 8 is evaporated by a heat source such as solar heat, and the working fluid gas enters the turbine 4.

The working fluid 3 performs expansion work in the turbine 4, and the generator 5
rotates and generates electricity.

After the working fluid 3 at the outlet of the turbine 4 is cooled by the exhaust heat recovery device 11, it is mixed with a liquid fluid 14 of a low concentration ammonia water mixture, and the ammonia concentration of the mixed ammonia water fluid is lower than the ammonia concentration of the working fluid 3. It is cooled by the condenser 6 using the cold seawater 2 as a low heat source, and is condensed and condensed.

The ammonia-water mixed liquid condensed in the condenser 6 is pressurized by the pump 12, and then a portion is sent to the exhaust heat recovery device 11, where it is heated and becomes a gas-liquid mixed fluid.

This gas-liquid mixed fluid is separated into a gas phase component and a liquid phase component in the gas-liquid separator 13. The gas phase component is an ammonia-water mixed gas containing mostly ammonia with a low boiling point, and the ammonia concentration of the liquid fluid 14, which is the liquid phase component, is lower than the ammonia concentration of the fluid before the gas-liquid separator 13.

The liquid fluid 14, which is the liquid phase component mentioned above, is cooled by the cold seawater 2 in the heat exchanger 15 using an efficient liquid heat exchange method, and after being depressurized by the expansion valve 22, it is mixed with the working fluid 3 into low concentration ammonia water. Use as a mixed fluid.

After the gas phase components are cooled in the feed water heat exchanger 21, they are mixed with a portion of the condensate from the condenser 6 to form the composition of the working fluid 3. This working fluid 3 is cooled and condensed by cold seawater 2 in a condenser 23 . The condensed working fluid 3 enters the feed pump 7,
Repeat the cycle.

[Effects of the Invention] The temperature difference power generation according to the present invention described above has the following effects.

(1) The low boiling point fluid has the characteristic of being absorbed by the high boiling point fluid depending on the pressure and temperature. A mixed fluid consisting of a low boiling point fluid and a high boiling point fluid is used as the ocean temperature difference power generation working fluid. As a result, the condensation of the working fluid in the condenser is determined by the cooling water inlet temperature, and the low-temperature heat source is used effectively, increasing plant efficiency.

(2) Also, by mixing a mixed fluid with a high concentration and high boiling point fluid concentration with the working fluid at the condenser inlet, the concentration of the low boiling point fluid in the mixed fluid is lowered, and the internal pressure of the condenser is lower than when not mixed, Increases the work of expansion in the turbine.

(3) In order to achieve the evaporation of the high boiling point fluid in the working fluid as described in item (1) above, a heat source such as solar heat is used in combination.

The heat source used in combination here is mainly used for evaporating high-boiling point fluids, and is kept to a minimum for evaporating low-boiling point fluids at low temperatures, thereby reducing thermodynamic loss.

(4) The fluid mixed with the working fluid shown in item (2) above is regenerated from condenser condensate using turbine exhaust heat.

With the above, the turbine can perform a large amount of work, and an efficient ocean temperature difference power generation plant can be realized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram for explaining a power generation cycle according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system block diagram for explaining a conventional power generation cycle. 1... Warm seawater..., 2... Cold seawater, 3... Working fluid, 4... Turbine, 5... Generator, 6... Capacitor, 7... Liquid supply pump , 8... evaporator, 11
...Exhaust heat recovery device, 12...Circulation pump, 13...
Gas-liquid separator, 14...Liquid fluid, 15...Heat exchanger, 16...Heat source, 21...Feed water heat exchanger, 22...
- Expansion valve, 23... condenser. Applicant Sub-Agent Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an ocean temperature difference power generation device that uses warm seawater as a high heat source and cold seawater as a low heat source, there is a turbine that operates the generator, an exhaust heat recovery device that receives the working fluid from the outlet of the turbine, and a waste heat recovery device that operates the generator. A condenser that receives and condenses the working fluid at the outlet of the chamber, a circulation pump that boosts the pressure of the working fluid condensed by the condenser, and a part of the working fluid that has been boosted in pressure by the circulation pump is received via the exhaust heat recovery device. a gas-liquid separator; a heat exchanger for receiving the liquid fluid separated by the gas-liquid separator; a means for mixing the fluid at the outlet of the heat exchanger with the working fluid at the inlet of the condenser; a condenser for receiving the working fluid at the outlet of the condenser, a feed pump, a feed water heat exchanger, and an evaporator for circulating the fluid at the outlet of the condenser as the working fluid at the inlet of the turbine; is a mixed fluid of a low boiling point fluid and a high boiling point fluid that has the characteristic of being absorbed and condensed into a liquid high boiling point fluid when the pressure is increased or the temperature is decreased. An ocean temperature difference power generation device characterized in that warm seawater is used as a heat source, and solar heat or other heat source is used in addition to the warm seawater to vaporize a high boiling point fluid.